Use of left over samples under the IVDR and GDPRErik Vollebregt
Presentation on the RAPS Convergence 2017 about the use of left over samples in performance evaluation under the In Vitro Diagnostics Regulation (IVDR) and under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
EU General Data Protection Regulation top 8 operational impacts in personal c...Erik Vollebregt
Presentation to the Personal Connected Health Alliance about the top 8 operational impacts of the EU General Data Protection Regulation on companies in the personal connected health field.
Presentation about transparency under the new MDR and IVDR at Informa Medtech Summit in Clinical evaluations and investigations for medical devices track
Use of left over samples under the IVDR and GDPRErik Vollebregt
Presentation on the RAPS Convergence 2017 about the use of left over samples in performance evaluation under the In Vitro Diagnostics Regulation (IVDR) and under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
EU General Data Protection Regulation top 8 operational impacts in personal c...Erik Vollebregt
Presentation to the Personal Connected Health Alliance about the top 8 operational impacts of the EU General Data Protection Regulation on companies in the personal connected health field.
Presentation about transparency under the new MDR and IVDR at Informa Medtech Summit in Clinical evaluations and investigations for medical devices track
Presentation at the yearly Regulanet conference about application of EU data protection rules to medical devices and end-to-end solutions incorporating medical devices.
Presentation at the 29-30 January 2014 Informa Medical Devices Revision conference in Brussels regarding developments in relation to the Eudamed database and its rule in the new EU medical devices system
Presentation delivered at the RMD 2016 conference (European Symposium on the New Agreed Draft Regulations on Medical Devices) in Prague on 7 November 2016
EU Medical Device Clinical Research under the General Data Protection RegulationErik Vollebregt
Presentation about medical devices patient data management under the EU General Data Protection Regulation at the Medical Device Clinical Research Conference in November 2015
Liability insurance requirements under the new EU Medical Devices Regulation ...Erik Vollebregt
Presentation at the Q1 conference on 23 May about the new liability regime likely to be imposed under the new new EU Medical Devices Regulation and In Vitro Diagnostics Regulation.
EU data protection and security update COCIR annual meeting 2016Erik Vollebregt
Presentation at the COCIR annual meeting on 17 March 2016 regarding the top 7 operational impacts of the new EU General Data Protection Regulation for health IT companies.
EU cybersecurity requirements under current and future medical devices regula...Erik Vollebregt
Presentation delivered at Q1 MEDICAL DEVICE CYBERSECURITY RISK MITIGATION conference in Washington on 25 July 2016 concerning EU cybersecurity requirements under current and future medical devices regulation
Presentation at the MedTech Summit 2018 in Brussels concerning the new EU regulatory regime for economic operators in the supply chain of medical devices and IVDs
eHealth - Medical Systems Interoperability & Mobile Healthulmedical
The Medical Device industry is rapidly adopting technologies that enable communication and connectivity of health products and systems to improve both speed and quality of care as well as patient safety. The users (i.e. hospitals and others) are demanding an approach that will support interoperability among multiple independently sourced medical devices. Industry will require standardization to support such interoperability. Government and regulators, on behalf of the patients and in compliance with their mission to protect public health, as well as users and manufacturers require that such interoperability is safe. This complementary webinar will introduce the eHealth sector and applications, outline the challenges and risks inherent in connecting heterogeneous equipment into medical device systems, and provide insights to how manufacturers can demonstrate compliance with the rapidly changing regulatory landscape for interoperable medical devices.
This webinar was presented by UL eHealth experts on October 30, 2013.
Legal Framework for Digital Health Innovation - Data Protection and SecurityDayOne
Presentation by Monika Menz, Vossius & Partner at the DayOne Expert Event Legal challenges and opportunities for digital health innovation.
Data - GDPR still governs the data protection landscape and is here to stay. But GDPR is more than an implementation issue – innovators need to embrace its principles already when designing their products, not only to be compliant but also to gain the trust of customers and patients. As healthcare innovations are IT dependent and data driven, data and IT security are often neglected. But they are key to convincing investors and customers of the innovator’s business model, because the stakes are high, not only in terms of a start-up’s reputation and liability, but ultimately and most of all in terms of the patient’s interests as well.
Data Privacy and Security in Clinical Trials: Safeguarding Patient InformationClinosolIndia
Data privacy and security in clinical trials are critical to safeguard patient information and ensure compliance with relevant regulations, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the United States and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union.
Presentation at the yearly Regulanet conference about application of EU data protection rules to medical devices and end-to-end solutions incorporating medical devices.
Presentation at the 29-30 January 2014 Informa Medical Devices Revision conference in Brussels regarding developments in relation to the Eudamed database and its rule in the new EU medical devices system
Presentation delivered at the RMD 2016 conference (European Symposium on the New Agreed Draft Regulations on Medical Devices) in Prague on 7 November 2016
EU Medical Device Clinical Research under the General Data Protection RegulationErik Vollebregt
Presentation about medical devices patient data management under the EU General Data Protection Regulation at the Medical Device Clinical Research Conference in November 2015
Liability insurance requirements under the new EU Medical Devices Regulation ...Erik Vollebregt
Presentation at the Q1 conference on 23 May about the new liability regime likely to be imposed under the new new EU Medical Devices Regulation and In Vitro Diagnostics Regulation.
EU data protection and security update COCIR annual meeting 2016Erik Vollebregt
Presentation at the COCIR annual meeting on 17 March 2016 regarding the top 7 operational impacts of the new EU General Data Protection Regulation for health IT companies.
EU cybersecurity requirements under current and future medical devices regula...Erik Vollebregt
Presentation delivered at Q1 MEDICAL DEVICE CYBERSECURITY RISK MITIGATION conference in Washington on 25 July 2016 concerning EU cybersecurity requirements under current and future medical devices regulation
Presentation at the MedTech Summit 2018 in Brussels concerning the new EU regulatory regime for economic operators in the supply chain of medical devices and IVDs
eHealth - Medical Systems Interoperability & Mobile Healthulmedical
The Medical Device industry is rapidly adopting technologies that enable communication and connectivity of health products and systems to improve both speed and quality of care as well as patient safety. The users (i.e. hospitals and others) are demanding an approach that will support interoperability among multiple independently sourced medical devices. Industry will require standardization to support such interoperability. Government and regulators, on behalf of the patients and in compliance with their mission to protect public health, as well as users and manufacturers require that such interoperability is safe. This complementary webinar will introduce the eHealth sector and applications, outline the challenges and risks inherent in connecting heterogeneous equipment into medical device systems, and provide insights to how manufacturers can demonstrate compliance with the rapidly changing regulatory landscape for interoperable medical devices.
This webinar was presented by UL eHealth experts on October 30, 2013.
Legal Framework for Digital Health Innovation - Data Protection and SecurityDayOne
Presentation by Monika Menz, Vossius & Partner at the DayOne Expert Event Legal challenges and opportunities for digital health innovation.
Data - GDPR still governs the data protection landscape and is here to stay. But GDPR is more than an implementation issue – innovators need to embrace its principles already when designing their products, not only to be compliant but also to gain the trust of customers and patients. As healthcare innovations are IT dependent and data driven, data and IT security are often neglected. But they are key to convincing investors and customers of the innovator’s business model, because the stakes are high, not only in terms of a start-up’s reputation and liability, but ultimately and most of all in terms of the patient’s interests as well.
Data Privacy and Security in Clinical Trials: Safeguarding Patient InformationClinosolIndia
Data privacy and security in clinical trials are critical to safeguard patient information and ensure compliance with relevant regulations, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the United States and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union.
'Connected healthcare - connected to legality?'Lucy Woods
In January 2016, we held a Legal SIG (special interest group) at the London HQ of Olswang. Speakers included Juma El-Awaisi of Braci, Ross McKean of Olswang and Ken Munro of Pen Test Partners. Ken's presentation was interactive so slides are coming soon!
"The value of a European approach to mHealth in cancer Unleashing the mHealth...3GDR
The value of a European approach to mHealth in cancer
Unleashing the mHealth potential for cancer patients
Pēteris Zilgalvis
Head of Unit Health and Wellbeing
DG Communications Networks, Content and Technology
Peteris Zilgalvis, Head of the Health & Wellbeing Unit, European Commission, DG
-----
This was presented at the "Unleashing the mHealth potential for cancer patients" event held on Wednesday 25th May 2016 (16:30-18:30pm) in the European Parliament.
#mHealthCancer
"mHealth and eHealth are becoming realities in Europe: this is demonstrated by the growing size of mHealth apps’ market, by the raising investments in eHealth infrastructures and by the fast adoption, at various degrees, of mHealth applications by patients.
The burden of cancer is also raising: more than 10 million EU citizens are affected by cancer, incidence and prevalence are growing, and the socio-economic impact of cancer heavily burdens both healthcare systems and cancer patients.
The recent political agreement on the text the General Data Protection Regulation and the production of the Privacy Code of Conduct mHealth apps further stir the debate regarding the use of new mHealth technologies within cancer care pathways.
Are cancer patients enjoying the benefits of mHealth?
In which field can cancer patients profit the most from mHealth apps?
Is the regulatory framework supporting the development of useful and safe mHealth apps for cancer patients?
Are there other structural obstacles to the full integration of mHealth apps in the cancer patients’ journey?"
The event will be hosted by MEP Cristian-Silviu Busoi (EPP, Romania), one of ECPC closest champions within the European Parliament and a knowledgeable supporter of the development of eHealth/mHealth in Europe.
The event was followed by a cocktail reception.
Join the discussion on Twitter using #mHealthCancer The event is part of the initiatives for the
2016 European Week Against Cancer #EWAC2016
More information can be found on the European Cancer Patient Coalition's website:
http://www.ecpc.org/pressroom/events/icalrepeat.detail/2016/04/26/61/-/-
Legal barriers to better use of health data to deliver pharmaceutical innovationOffice of Health Economics
The range of data sources and technologies relevant to pharmaceutical R&D continues to expand. In this presentation, I summarise research evaluating the main legal barriers to the better use of health data for pharmaceutical innovation, concluding that the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) does not create new legal barriers, and that most issues identified are in fact uncertainties rather than barriers per se. There is a strong case for industry to deal proactively with the uncertainties, sharing good practice, engendering trust and promoting a shared understanding of the value to society of pharmaceutical research.
Author(s) and affiliation(s): Amanda Cole, Office of Health Economics.
Event: CPDP 2019: Computers, Privacy and Data Protection conference
Date: 01/02/2019
Location: Brussels, Belgium
PPTs on Blockchain in healthcare IEEEpdfgtxgeforce67
Since blockchain was introduced through Bitcoin, research has been ongoing to extend its applications to non-financial use cases. Healthcare is one industry in which blockchain is expected to have significant impacts. Research in this area is relatively new but growing rapidly; so, health informatics researchers and practitioners are always struggling to keep pace with research progress in this area. This paper reports on a systematic review of the ongoing research in the application of blockchain technology in healthcare.
The research methodology is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and a systematic mapping study process, in which a well-designed search protocol is used to search four scientific databases, to identify, extract and analyze all relevant publications.
The review shows that a number of studies have proposed different use cases for the application of blockchain in healthcare; however, there is a lack of adequate prototype implementations and studies to characterize the effectiveness of these proposed use cases. The review further highlights the state-of-the-art in the development of blockchain applications for healthcare, their limitations and the areas for future research.
To this end, therefore, there is still the need for more research to better understand, characterize and evaluate the utility of blockchain in healthcare.
The U.S. Healthcare Implications of Europe’s Stricter Data Privacy RegulationCognizant
U.S. healthcare organizations must soon comply with the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - which goes far beyond the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - or face major fines. Here’s a guide to get started.
Data transfers to countries outside the EU/EEA under the GDPRIT Governance Ltd
These slides will cover:
-A brief overview of the Regulation and its impact
-The rights of data subjects and rights related to automated decision making and profiling.
-The international transfer of data and appropriate safeguards.
-The derogations from general prohibition of data transfers outside the European Union.
-The requirements that govern one-off and infrequent transfers of personal data.
-The role of the supervisory authority in international transfers.
Browne Jacobson, Deloitte and DoctorLink are pleased to invite you to our first joint health tech seminar with leading industry thought leaders. This will be a practical session, sharing experience from across the NHS and beyond to inform options on how to improve services, break down silos and focus on population health outcomes.
This event is exclusively for Commissioners, GPs, and Policymakers keen to understand how new integrated care systems and models of care can meet the needs of their local population and can be implemented pragmatically and affordably to drive improvement goals and achieve better health, better care and better value.
Blockchain Technology for Patients Medical RecordseHealth Forum
Med-iFile uses blockchain technology & cryptographic processes to provide a unique infrastructure to patients’ medical records. We aim at creating a nationwide database and communications framework for the medical sector. Under the proposed technological framework, we can ensure data integrity, protect the privacy of sensitive data & enhance the capabilities of clinical research.
Med-iFile team:
George Efthymiou, Sotiria Kalivi, Fotis Papastergiou, Christos Martinis, Nikos Drakopoulos
This presentation describes regulatory hurdles to keep in mind when acquiring / selling medical devices companies with CE certificates to prevent them from becoming invalid.
Presentation at the Advamed MedTech conference in Boston on 25 September regarding the state of implementation of the EU Medical Devices Regulation MDR, and what companies can still do before its date of application on 26 May 2020
Managing New Requirement for Economic Operator RegimeErik Vollebregt
Presentation of new economic operator regime under the new EU Medical Devices and IVDs Regulations, delivered at the Q1 Medical Devices Regulation conference on 16 July 2019
Q1 Medical Devices Regulation - practical consequences for manufacturersErik Vollebregt
Presentation at the Q1 MDR conference in Arlington on 12 July 2018 about the consequences of the EU Medical Devices Regulation for US companies in the medtech industry
New legal obligations and liability under MDR and IVDRErik Vollebregt
Presentation at the MedTech Summit in Amsterdam on 19 June 2017 on the product liability regime under the MDR and IVDR, its nexus with the EU Product Liability Directive and its impact on other provisions in the MDR / IVDR
Presentation at the Dutch Sterilisation Association annual meeting about how the new EU Medical Devices Regulation affects the sterilisation industry specifically.
3D medtech printing under EU Medical Devices Directive and under future Medic...Erik Vollebregt
3D medtech printing conference maastricht presentation discussing 3D medtech printing under EU Medical Devices Directive and under future Medical Devices Regulation
Changes in device classification under the EU Medical Devices and In Vitro Di...Erik Vollebregt
Presentation at the Q1 Intensive MDR/IVDR Readiness
and Transition Management Workshop about classification changes under the EU Medical Devices and In Vitro Diagnostic Regulation
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
3. Trends
• MDR / IVDR
• New design / security
requirements
• New classification rules
• Transitional regime
4. Classification MDR
• Under the new rule 11 all CDS and monitoring is class IIa or higher and
class III becomes available for software
• Self-certification will be the exception rather than the rule
5. Where are you with your gap assessment and transition?
6. Connected health
related top 8 points
of attention under
GDRP
1. Informed consent criteria
2. Data concerning health scope
3. Right to be forgotten (applies to commercial collection of
health data)
4. Privacy by design)
• For large scale processing of data concerning health
• In case of profiling
5. Profiling requirements
• including right to object if processing significantly
affects data subject
6. Data portability right of user
7. Security requirements
8. Export of data to extra-EU jurisdictions
8. Read the whole story
Digital Health Legal, April 2017, p. 4-9
9. www.axonlawyers.com
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Erik Vollebregt
Axon Lawyers
Piet Heinkade 183
1019 HC Amsterdam
T +31 88 650 6500
M +31 6 47 180 683
E erik.vollebregt@axonlawyers.com
@meddevlegal
B http://medicaldeviceslegal.com
READ MY BLOG:
http://medicaldeviceslegal.com