Versión 2 (definitiva): Presentado en la Clínica VIDA en 11.11.2016, por invitación de Jairo Estrada. Versión corregida (se corrigen errores en 3 diapositivas de la versión anterior).
Evidencia de terapias en segunda línea en HR+/Her2- aBC, inhibidores de mTORMauricio Lema
- The study evaluated adding everolimus to tamoxifen treatment for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients who progressed on aromatase inhibitors.
- Results showed that the combination of everolimus and tamoxifen increased clinical benefit rate, time to progression, and overall survival compared to tamoxifen alone. Toxicity was manageable.
- Further biomarker analysis found that patients with markers of mTOR pathway activation derived greater benefit from the everolimus combination treatment. Larger validation studies are still needed.
Tratamiento inicial de cáncer de mama HR+/Her2- metastásico en postmenopáusicasMauricio Lema
Versión inicial (con errores): Presentado en junta de la Clínica VIDA, 11.11.2016. Invitado por Jairo Estrada. La versión corregida está en: http://www.slideshare.net/MauricioLema/tratamiento-inicial-de-pacientes-posmenopusicas-con-cncer-de-mama-hrher2-metastsico-una-visin-panormica
This document summarizes hormonal therapy approaches for metastatic breast cancer. It discusses how hormone receptor status predicts response to hormonal treatments and chemotherapy. First-line options include aromatase inhibitors, which have better outcomes than tamoxifen. Fulvestrant and targeting HER2 in combination with hormonal therapy can improve outcomes. Ongoing hormonal therapy is effective for recurrent disease, with changing hormone receptor status in recurrence not impacting subsequent treatment selection.
This document provides an overview of breast cancer therapy. It discusses that breast cancer treatment is multidisciplinary, involving surgery, radiation, and systemic therapy. For early-stage breast cancer, the majority of women are candidates for either breast-conserving surgery plus radiation or mastectomy, as the risks and survival outcomes are similar between the two approaches. Adjuvant systemic therapy is used based on proven survival benefits and molecular profiling to individualize treatment.
1. Adjuvant therapies like tamoxifen and chemotherapy have been shown to decrease the risk of recurrence and mortality from early breast cancer based on large meta-analyses.
2. Molecular classification of early breast cancer into subgroups like luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive, and triple-negative helps determine which patients are likely to benefit most from adjuvant chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or targeted therapies.
3. Large randomized controlled trials have demonstrated improved outcomes with anthracycline-based chemotherapy compared to CMF and the addition of taxanes to anthracycline regimens compared to anthracyclines alone in the adjuvant setting.
Kinds of Liver Cancers diagnosis and TreatementsSumit Roy
Wockhardt Hospitals has proved its medical one-upmanship yet again by successfully performing a major liver re-resection on a 58 year old man. In a case of a recurrent cancerous liver tumor which many hospitals worldwide would shirk from taking up for a second surgery, the expert team at Wockhardt Hospitals led by Dr S K Mathur took the challenge and skillfully excised the tumors in an arduous 11- hour surgical procedure
1) Around 60-70% of breast cancer patients have estrogen receptor positive tumors, making them candidates for hormonal therapy which has been shown to improve survival rates.
2) Tamoxifen is the standard adjuvant hormonal therapy and has been shown to reduce breast cancer recurrence rates by 24-43% and mortality by 14-23% depending on duration of therapy.
3) Aromatase inhibitors like letrozole and anastrazole are also used as adjuvant therapy and have been shown in trials to further reduce recurrence rates compared to tamoxifen alone.
Hormonal therapy plays an important role in the treatment of breast cancer. Estrogen exposure is a major risk factor for breast cancer, so therapies aim to reduce estrogen levels or block its effects. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifen act as antagonists in breast tissue. Aromatase inhibitors prevent aromatization of androgens to estrogens in postmenopausal women. LHRH agonists suppress ovarian function. Oophorectomy was one of the earliest hormonal therapies used but had significant morbidity. Modern therapies like tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and LHRH agonists are better tolerated and more effective, improving outcomes for breast cancer patients.
Evidencia de terapias en segunda línea en HR+/Her2- aBC, inhibidores de mTORMauricio Lema
- The study evaluated adding everolimus to tamoxifen treatment for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients who progressed on aromatase inhibitors.
- Results showed that the combination of everolimus and tamoxifen increased clinical benefit rate, time to progression, and overall survival compared to tamoxifen alone. Toxicity was manageable.
- Further biomarker analysis found that patients with markers of mTOR pathway activation derived greater benefit from the everolimus combination treatment. Larger validation studies are still needed.
Tratamiento inicial de cáncer de mama HR+/Her2- metastásico en postmenopáusicasMauricio Lema
Versión inicial (con errores): Presentado en junta de la Clínica VIDA, 11.11.2016. Invitado por Jairo Estrada. La versión corregida está en: http://www.slideshare.net/MauricioLema/tratamiento-inicial-de-pacientes-posmenopusicas-con-cncer-de-mama-hrher2-metastsico-una-visin-panormica
This document summarizes hormonal therapy approaches for metastatic breast cancer. It discusses how hormone receptor status predicts response to hormonal treatments and chemotherapy. First-line options include aromatase inhibitors, which have better outcomes than tamoxifen. Fulvestrant and targeting HER2 in combination with hormonal therapy can improve outcomes. Ongoing hormonal therapy is effective for recurrent disease, with changing hormone receptor status in recurrence not impacting subsequent treatment selection.
This document provides an overview of breast cancer therapy. It discusses that breast cancer treatment is multidisciplinary, involving surgery, radiation, and systemic therapy. For early-stage breast cancer, the majority of women are candidates for either breast-conserving surgery plus radiation or mastectomy, as the risks and survival outcomes are similar between the two approaches. Adjuvant systemic therapy is used based on proven survival benefits and molecular profiling to individualize treatment.
1. Adjuvant therapies like tamoxifen and chemotherapy have been shown to decrease the risk of recurrence and mortality from early breast cancer based on large meta-analyses.
2. Molecular classification of early breast cancer into subgroups like luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive, and triple-negative helps determine which patients are likely to benefit most from adjuvant chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or targeted therapies.
3. Large randomized controlled trials have demonstrated improved outcomes with anthracycline-based chemotherapy compared to CMF and the addition of taxanes to anthracycline regimens compared to anthracyclines alone in the adjuvant setting.
Kinds of Liver Cancers diagnosis and TreatementsSumit Roy
Wockhardt Hospitals has proved its medical one-upmanship yet again by successfully performing a major liver re-resection on a 58 year old man. In a case of a recurrent cancerous liver tumor which many hospitals worldwide would shirk from taking up for a second surgery, the expert team at Wockhardt Hospitals led by Dr S K Mathur took the challenge and skillfully excised the tumors in an arduous 11- hour surgical procedure
1) Around 60-70% of breast cancer patients have estrogen receptor positive tumors, making them candidates for hormonal therapy which has been shown to improve survival rates.
2) Tamoxifen is the standard adjuvant hormonal therapy and has been shown to reduce breast cancer recurrence rates by 24-43% and mortality by 14-23% depending on duration of therapy.
3) Aromatase inhibitors like letrozole and anastrazole are also used as adjuvant therapy and have been shown in trials to further reduce recurrence rates compared to tamoxifen alone.
Hormonal therapy plays an important role in the treatment of breast cancer. Estrogen exposure is a major risk factor for breast cancer, so therapies aim to reduce estrogen levels or block its effects. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifen act as antagonists in breast tissue. Aromatase inhibitors prevent aromatization of androgens to estrogens in postmenopausal women. LHRH agonists suppress ovarian function. Oophorectomy was one of the earliest hormonal therapies used but had significant morbidity. Modern therapies like tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and LHRH agonists are better tolerated and more effective, improving outcomes for breast cancer patients.
1) The document discusses several targeted agents for breast cancer, including the estrogen receptor (ER), HER2, and VEGF/EGFR inhibitors.
2) Clinical trials are exploring combinations of targeted agents, such as lapatinib and letrozole, as well as targeted agents with endocrine therapies like everolimus and aromatase inhibitors.
3) The AZURE trial evaluated adding zoledronic acid to standard adjuvant therapy and found no effect on disease-free survival overall, but a 29% reduction in mortality in postmenopausal patients.
The document summarizes studies on hormone therapy options for pre- and postmenopausal patients with breast cancer. Major studies showed that aromatase inhibitors such as anastrozole and letrozole were more effective than tamoxifen for postmenopausal patients. Trials also compared different durations and sequences of aromatase inhibitors and tamoxifen. For premenopausal patients, questions remain about the optimal duration and role of ovarian suppression with or without chemotherapy. Extended adjuvant therapy with letrozole after 5 years of tamoxifen was shown to further reduce the risk of recurrence in postmenopausal patients based on the MA.17 trial results.
Pruebas genómicas de recurrencia en cáncer de mama - OncotypeDx y su entornoMauricio Lema
Presentación para el simposio satélite de Amarey en el marco del congreso de los 85 años del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Hotel Hyatt, 29.08.2019, Bogotá
Satyajeet rath chemotherapy and hormone therapy in breast cancerSatyajeet Rath
This document summarizes research on chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for breast cancer. Key findings include:
- Studies from the 1970s showed adjuvant CMF chemotherapy reduced relapse and mortality rates compared to surgery alone.
- Later trials found adding taxanes like paclitaxel or docetaxel to AC chemotherapy regimens improved disease-free and overall survival rates.
- Trials also compared different chemotherapy drug combinations and schedules, finding some regimens like adding epirubicin or substituting CEF for CMF led to better outcomes.
- Long term follow up of decades-old trials continues to show adjuvant chemotherapy has lasting benefits with minimal long-term side effects.
Adjuvant Tamoxifen for 2 years followed by adjuvant Anastrozole for 3 years is also an acceptable option based on the evidence. However, upfront aromatase inhibitor for 5 years is preferred for most postmenopausal patients based on trials such as ATAC, BIG 1-98, and IES which showed superiority of aromatase inhibitors over tamoxifen.
The document summarizes the current state of metastatic breast cancer treatment. It discusses how survival rates have improved over time and metastatic breast cancer is now considered a chronic, treatable disease rather than an immediately terminal condition. Treatment involves systemic therapies like chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, targeted therapies, as well as radiation, surgery, and supportive care. Selection of optimal first-line systemic treatment depends on disease characteristics and patient factors. Ongoing research focuses on tailoring and sequencing treatments to overcome resistance and further extend patient survival and quality of life.
This document provides an overview of breast cancer therapy. It discusses trends in breast cancer incidence in the United States, declining mortality rates, and treatment approaches for early stage disease including local and systemic therapies guided by risk assessment. Key aspects of risk assessment using tools like Oncotype DX are outlined. The roles of endocrine therapy and chemotherapy in adjuvant treatment are summarized, including evolving regimens and trial results demonstrating improved outcomes. Potential toxicities of different systemic therapies are also highlighted.
Endocrine Therapy In Advanced Breast Cancerguest8887a7
The document summarizes the evolution of endocrine therapy for advanced/metastatic breast cancer from the late 19th century to present. Key developments include Beatson's discovery in 1895 that removing ovaries slowed breast cancer progression, later studies showing that other endocrine therapies like tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors improved outcomes compared to previous standards, and phase III trials demonstrating superior efficacy of aromatase inhibitors over tamoxifen as first-line therapy in postmenopausal women.
Pharmaceutical prospectives of anti estrogen, m-tor, CDK 4/6 in Breast CancerNoha El Baghdady
This document discusses various treatments for breast cancer, including anti-estrogen therapies, mTOR inhibitors, and CDK 4/6 inhibitors. It describes how these drugs work and their side effects. For anti-estrogens, it compares aromatase inhibitors like anastrozole and tamoxifen. It also discusses managing side effects like hot flashes. For mTOR inhibitors, it provides details on everolimus, including dosing and drug interactions through CYP450 pathways. Finally, it compares the first three CDK 4/6 inhibitors approved - palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib - in terms of their pharmacokinetics, dosing, and drug interaction profiles.
Hormonal treatment of metastatic breast cancer dr. abeer elsayedAbeer Ibrahim
This document discusses hormonal treatment options for breast cancer. It covers:
1. The modes of action of different hormonal therapies like tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, LHRH agonists, and fulvestrant.
2. Treatment choices in the adjuvant and metastatic settings for premenopausal and postmenopausal women. This includes sequencing options and combination therapies.
3. Mechanisms of resistance to hormonal therapies and potential predictive biomarkers for treatment response.
Hormone therapy is an important treatment for hormone receptor positive breast cancers. Tamoxifen for 5 years and aromatase inhibitors are effective adjuvant therapies. Trials have shown that aromatase inhibitors are superior to tamoxifen alone for postmenopausal women. Sequential therapy with tamoxifen followed by an aromatase inhibitor also improves outcomes compared to tamoxifen alone. Ongoing research continues to refine the optimal duration and sequencing of hormone therapies.
Adjuvant endocrine therapy in breast cancer Mamdouh Sabry
Adjuvant endocrine therapy is an important treatment for breast cancer patients. Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors are commonly used to block the effects of estrogen and progesterone, which can fuel breast cancer growth. Determining menopausal status is crucial for selecting the appropriate endocrine treatment. While adjuvant endocrine therapy improves outcomes for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, doctors must also monitor for side effects and address issues like future fertility with patients.
Breast cancer is a major public health problem globally. Treatment involves multidisciplinary care and includes surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and bone modifying agents depending on the stage and molecular characteristics of the cancer. The goals of treatment are to cure early-stage breast cancer through adjuvant therapies and prolong life and improve quality of life for metastatic breast cancer which is not currently curable. Molecular classification of breast cancers into luminal, HER2+, and triple negative subtypes helps guide treatment selection.
This document discusses the relationship between estrogen and breast cancer. It summarizes research showing that sufficient estrogen levels are important for breast health and that the risk of breast cancer increases with estrogen deficiency associated with aging. While some studies have linked hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to increased breast cancer risk, this document argues that these studies used synthetic hormones rather than bioidentical hormones and did not consider differences in hormone levels and cycling. The document concludes that, when administered properly, bioidentical estrogen therapy may reduce breast cancer risk by inhibiting growth and inducing apoptosis of cancer cells.
This document summarizes management strategies for metastatic hormone receptor positive breast cancer. It discusses that hormone receptor positive disease has better survival rates than other subtypes. Roughly 30% of early breast cancer patients will develop advanced or metastatic disease, with 6-10% presenting with metastases initially. Treatment modalities discussed include reducing estrogen production, selective estrogen receptor modulators like tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, fulvestrant, progestins, targeted therapies, CDK4/6 inhibitors, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors. Combination treatment strategies are also summarized.
This presentation discusses breast cancer, specifically hormone receptor positive/HER2 negative breast cancer. It provides statistics on the distribution of breast cancer molecular subtypes in the United States. It also discusses the evolving treatment landscape for hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer, including the approvals and use of targeted therapies in combination with endocrine therapy, such as CDK4/6 inhibitors. Clinical trial results are summarized that demonstrate improved progression-free survival when a CDK4/6 inhibitor is added to first-line endocrine therapy for advanced hormone receptor positive breast cancer. An approach to personalized therapy is proposed based on factors such as endocrine sensitivity and molecular alterations.
This document summarizes the treatment landscape for ovarian cancer. It discusses standard first-line treatment options including platinum-based chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel, as well as the importance of adequate surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible. It also reviews several phase 3 clinical trials investigating the addition of angiogenesis inhibitors like bevacizumab to chemotherapy regimens. Trials like ICON7 and GOG 218 found improved progression-free survival when bevacizumab was added to first-line treatment. For recurrent disease, bevacizumab was also found to improve outcomes when added to chemotherapy in platinum-sensitive patients based on studies like OCEANS and GOG-213. Residual
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Approximately 30% of patients are premenopausal and 10% are aged 35-45 years old. Around 75% of cases are hormone receptor-positive. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, and monoclonal antibody therapy. Estrogens and progesterone are implicated in breast carcinogenesis, so endocrine therapies that block these hormones' effects can treat hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, ovarian suppression, and selective progesterone modulators are some endocrine agents used. Menopause diagnosis is important for determining appropriate endocrine therapy.
This document summarizes hormonal treatment for breast cancer, including the history and mechanisms of various endocrine therapies. It discusses the timeline of developments in hormonal therapies from the late 19th century to present, covering areas like surgical oophorectomy, tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and more. Key findings and mechanisms of different therapies like tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and fulvestrant are summarized. The optimal use and duration of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy is discussed based on various clinical trials. The relationship between tamoxifen benefit and estrogen/progesterone receptor status is also covered.
Controversias actuales en el manejo de cáncer colorrectal metastàsicoMauricio Lema
This document summarizes recent controversies in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer through an interactive session with fellows. It reviews the current standards of care for first-line systemic therapy including FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and FOLFOXIRI combinations with or without biologics like bevacizumab. It also discusses predictive biomarkers for anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies like RAS and BRAF mutations which determine response to these agents. Clinical trials are summarized that establish various chemotherapy regimens and combinations with biologics as effective first-line options for metastatic colorectal cancer.
Este documento trata sobre la prevención y el diagnóstico oportuno del cáncer de pulmón. Resalta que el cáncer de pulmón es muy frecuente y letal, y que el factor de riesgo más importante es el tabaquismo. Aunque el cribado con tomografía computarizada de baja dosis puede reducir la mortalidad por cáncer de pulmón, su implementación es difícil. La única forma realmente efectiva de prevenir este cáncer es luchar contra el tabaquismo.
1) The document discusses several targeted agents for breast cancer, including the estrogen receptor (ER), HER2, and VEGF/EGFR inhibitors.
2) Clinical trials are exploring combinations of targeted agents, such as lapatinib and letrozole, as well as targeted agents with endocrine therapies like everolimus and aromatase inhibitors.
3) The AZURE trial evaluated adding zoledronic acid to standard adjuvant therapy and found no effect on disease-free survival overall, but a 29% reduction in mortality in postmenopausal patients.
The document summarizes studies on hormone therapy options for pre- and postmenopausal patients with breast cancer. Major studies showed that aromatase inhibitors such as anastrozole and letrozole were more effective than tamoxifen for postmenopausal patients. Trials also compared different durations and sequences of aromatase inhibitors and tamoxifen. For premenopausal patients, questions remain about the optimal duration and role of ovarian suppression with or without chemotherapy. Extended adjuvant therapy with letrozole after 5 years of tamoxifen was shown to further reduce the risk of recurrence in postmenopausal patients based on the MA.17 trial results.
Pruebas genómicas de recurrencia en cáncer de mama - OncotypeDx y su entornoMauricio Lema
Presentación para el simposio satélite de Amarey en el marco del congreso de los 85 años del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Hotel Hyatt, 29.08.2019, Bogotá
Satyajeet rath chemotherapy and hormone therapy in breast cancerSatyajeet Rath
This document summarizes research on chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for breast cancer. Key findings include:
- Studies from the 1970s showed adjuvant CMF chemotherapy reduced relapse and mortality rates compared to surgery alone.
- Later trials found adding taxanes like paclitaxel or docetaxel to AC chemotherapy regimens improved disease-free and overall survival rates.
- Trials also compared different chemotherapy drug combinations and schedules, finding some regimens like adding epirubicin or substituting CEF for CMF led to better outcomes.
- Long term follow up of decades-old trials continues to show adjuvant chemotherapy has lasting benefits with minimal long-term side effects.
Adjuvant Tamoxifen for 2 years followed by adjuvant Anastrozole for 3 years is also an acceptable option based on the evidence. However, upfront aromatase inhibitor for 5 years is preferred for most postmenopausal patients based on trials such as ATAC, BIG 1-98, and IES which showed superiority of aromatase inhibitors over tamoxifen.
The document summarizes the current state of metastatic breast cancer treatment. It discusses how survival rates have improved over time and metastatic breast cancer is now considered a chronic, treatable disease rather than an immediately terminal condition. Treatment involves systemic therapies like chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, targeted therapies, as well as radiation, surgery, and supportive care. Selection of optimal first-line systemic treatment depends on disease characteristics and patient factors. Ongoing research focuses on tailoring and sequencing treatments to overcome resistance and further extend patient survival and quality of life.
This document provides an overview of breast cancer therapy. It discusses trends in breast cancer incidence in the United States, declining mortality rates, and treatment approaches for early stage disease including local and systemic therapies guided by risk assessment. Key aspects of risk assessment using tools like Oncotype DX are outlined. The roles of endocrine therapy and chemotherapy in adjuvant treatment are summarized, including evolving regimens and trial results demonstrating improved outcomes. Potential toxicities of different systemic therapies are also highlighted.
Endocrine Therapy In Advanced Breast Cancerguest8887a7
The document summarizes the evolution of endocrine therapy for advanced/metastatic breast cancer from the late 19th century to present. Key developments include Beatson's discovery in 1895 that removing ovaries slowed breast cancer progression, later studies showing that other endocrine therapies like tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors improved outcomes compared to previous standards, and phase III trials demonstrating superior efficacy of aromatase inhibitors over tamoxifen as first-line therapy in postmenopausal women.
Pharmaceutical prospectives of anti estrogen, m-tor, CDK 4/6 in Breast CancerNoha El Baghdady
This document discusses various treatments for breast cancer, including anti-estrogen therapies, mTOR inhibitors, and CDK 4/6 inhibitors. It describes how these drugs work and their side effects. For anti-estrogens, it compares aromatase inhibitors like anastrozole and tamoxifen. It also discusses managing side effects like hot flashes. For mTOR inhibitors, it provides details on everolimus, including dosing and drug interactions through CYP450 pathways. Finally, it compares the first three CDK 4/6 inhibitors approved - palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib - in terms of their pharmacokinetics, dosing, and drug interaction profiles.
Hormonal treatment of metastatic breast cancer dr. abeer elsayedAbeer Ibrahim
This document discusses hormonal treatment options for breast cancer. It covers:
1. The modes of action of different hormonal therapies like tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, LHRH agonists, and fulvestrant.
2. Treatment choices in the adjuvant and metastatic settings for premenopausal and postmenopausal women. This includes sequencing options and combination therapies.
3. Mechanisms of resistance to hormonal therapies and potential predictive biomarkers for treatment response.
Hormone therapy is an important treatment for hormone receptor positive breast cancers. Tamoxifen for 5 years and aromatase inhibitors are effective adjuvant therapies. Trials have shown that aromatase inhibitors are superior to tamoxifen alone for postmenopausal women. Sequential therapy with tamoxifen followed by an aromatase inhibitor also improves outcomes compared to tamoxifen alone. Ongoing research continues to refine the optimal duration and sequencing of hormone therapies.
Adjuvant endocrine therapy in breast cancer Mamdouh Sabry
Adjuvant endocrine therapy is an important treatment for breast cancer patients. Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors are commonly used to block the effects of estrogen and progesterone, which can fuel breast cancer growth. Determining menopausal status is crucial for selecting the appropriate endocrine treatment. While adjuvant endocrine therapy improves outcomes for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, doctors must also monitor for side effects and address issues like future fertility with patients.
Breast cancer is a major public health problem globally. Treatment involves multidisciplinary care and includes surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and bone modifying agents depending on the stage and molecular characteristics of the cancer. The goals of treatment are to cure early-stage breast cancer through adjuvant therapies and prolong life and improve quality of life for metastatic breast cancer which is not currently curable. Molecular classification of breast cancers into luminal, HER2+, and triple negative subtypes helps guide treatment selection.
This document discusses the relationship between estrogen and breast cancer. It summarizes research showing that sufficient estrogen levels are important for breast health and that the risk of breast cancer increases with estrogen deficiency associated with aging. While some studies have linked hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to increased breast cancer risk, this document argues that these studies used synthetic hormones rather than bioidentical hormones and did not consider differences in hormone levels and cycling. The document concludes that, when administered properly, bioidentical estrogen therapy may reduce breast cancer risk by inhibiting growth and inducing apoptosis of cancer cells.
This document summarizes management strategies for metastatic hormone receptor positive breast cancer. It discusses that hormone receptor positive disease has better survival rates than other subtypes. Roughly 30% of early breast cancer patients will develop advanced or metastatic disease, with 6-10% presenting with metastases initially. Treatment modalities discussed include reducing estrogen production, selective estrogen receptor modulators like tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, fulvestrant, progestins, targeted therapies, CDK4/6 inhibitors, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors. Combination treatment strategies are also summarized.
This presentation discusses breast cancer, specifically hormone receptor positive/HER2 negative breast cancer. It provides statistics on the distribution of breast cancer molecular subtypes in the United States. It also discusses the evolving treatment landscape for hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer, including the approvals and use of targeted therapies in combination with endocrine therapy, such as CDK4/6 inhibitors. Clinical trial results are summarized that demonstrate improved progression-free survival when a CDK4/6 inhibitor is added to first-line endocrine therapy for advanced hormone receptor positive breast cancer. An approach to personalized therapy is proposed based on factors such as endocrine sensitivity and molecular alterations.
This document summarizes the treatment landscape for ovarian cancer. It discusses standard first-line treatment options including platinum-based chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel, as well as the importance of adequate surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible. It also reviews several phase 3 clinical trials investigating the addition of angiogenesis inhibitors like bevacizumab to chemotherapy regimens. Trials like ICON7 and GOG 218 found improved progression-free survival when bevacizumab was added to first-line treatment. For recurrent disease, bevacizumab was also found to improve outcomes when added to chemotherapy in platinum-sensitive patients based on studies like OCEANS and GOG-213. Residual
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Approximately 30% of patients are premenopausal and 10% are aged 35-45 years old. Around 75% of cases are hormone receptor-positive. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, and monoclonal antibody therapy. Estrogens and progesterone are implicated in breast carcinogenesis, so endocrine therapies that block these hormones' effects can treat hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, ovarian suppression, and selective progesterone modulators are some endocrine agents used. Menopause diagnosis is important for determining appropriate endocrine therapy.
This document summarizes hormonal treatment for breast cancer, including the history and mechanisms of various endocrine therapies. It discusses the timeline of developments in hormonal therapies from the late 19th century to present, covering areas like surgical oophorectomy, tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and more. Key findings and mechanisms of different therapies like tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and fulvestrant are summarized. The optimal use and duration of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy is discussed based on various clinical trials. The relationship between tamoxifen benefit and estrogen/progesterone receptor status is also covered.
Controversias actuales en el manejo de cáncer colorrectal metastàsicoMauricio Lema
This document summarizes recent controversies in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer through an interactive session with fellows. It reviews the current standards of care for first-line systemic therapy including FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and FOLFOXIRI combinations with or without biologics like bevacizumab. It also discusses predictive biomarkers for anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies like RAS and BRAF mutations which determine response to these agents. Clinical trials are summarized that establish various chemotherapy regimens and combinations with biologics as effective first-line options for metastatic colorectal cancer.
Este documento trata sobre la prevención y el diagnóstico oportuno del cáncer de pulmón. Resalta que el cáncer de pulmón es muy frecuente y letal, y que el factor de riesgo más importante es el tabaquismo. Aunque el cribado con tomografía computarizada de baja dosis puede reducir la mortalidad por cáncer de pulmón, su implementación es difícil. La única forma realmente efectiva de prevenir este cáncer es luchar contra el tabaquismo.
Este documento presenta información sobre el cáncer de próstata, incluyendo su epidemiología, factores de riesgo, métodos de detección, clasificación patológica, estadificación, pronóstico y opciones de tratamiento. Discute los beneficios y riesgos del tamizaje de PSA, así como las recomendaciones de varias organizaciones. También cubre temas como la biología molecular del cáncer de próstata, técnicas de diagnóstico y valoración pronóstica.
85% of gastric cancers are adenocarcinomas which can be diffuse or intestinal type. Diffuse cancers have worse prognosis and lack cell cohesion. Risk factors include dried foods, nitrates, H. pylori infection, and pernicious anemia. Symptoms include abdominal pain, weight loss, and anemia. Treatment involves surgery with D1 or D2 lymph node dissection and chemotherapy or chemoradiation for advanced or high risk cancers.
This document provides an overview of an oncology course for medical students. It discusses that cancer is curable in almost 2/3 of patients but is a catastrophic event for the patient and their family. It changes a person's self-image and how they are viewed by others. The document also covers cancer statistics worldwide, common causes, screening and diagnosis, staging, treatment intent and aggressiveness based on stage and performance status, and supportive care including management of symptoms like pain, depression, and nausea.
Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences that cap the ends of chromosomes. They shorten with each cell division due to the end replication problem. When telomeres become critically short, cells enter a state of replicative senescence. Cancer cells express telomerase to maintain telomere length, avoiding replicative senescence and achieving immortality.
El documento proporciona información sobre el tamizaje para el cáncer de mama, incluyendo las características de un programa de tamizaje ideal, los sesgos asociados con el tamizaje, y la evidencia sobre la mamografía. Resume los factores de riesgo para el cáncer de mama, herramientas de evaluación del riesgo, la efectividad de la detección temprana, los posibles daños, y las pautas actuales para el tamizaje mamográfico.
This document discusses cancer epidemiology and statistics globally, nationally, and locally. It provides data on the most common types of cancer worldwide, in the United States, and in Colombia in terms of incidence and mortality. It also discusses trends in cancer rates and risk factors for cancer such as obesity, tobacco use, diet, physical activity, and more. Graphics show cancer statistics for specific countries and populations.
Este documento discute el cáncer de colon y recto, incluyendo factores de riesgo, prevención, detección, estadificación, tratamiento y pronóstico. El cáncer colorrectal es común en Colombia, con 12 nuevos casos y 5 muertes diarias. Los factores de riesgo incluyen dieta alta en grasas animales, síndromes hereditarios y enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. La detección incluye análisis de sangre oculta en heces y colonoscopia. El tratamiento depende del estadio
This document discusses oncological emergencies and fever neutropenia in cancer patients. It provides guidelines for the diagnosis and management of fever neutropenia, including recommending empiric antibiotic and antifungal therapy for high-risk patients. It also addresses the impact of time to antibiotic treatment, risk-stratification tools for outpatient management, and appropriate use of prophylactic antibiotics.
El documento describe varias emergencias oncológicas, incluyendo obstrucciones de vísceras, compresión de la vena cava superior, hipercalcemia asociada a cáncer, y neutropenia febril. Explica los factores de riesgo, signos clínicos, evaluación diagnóstica y recomendaciones para el manejo antibiótico empírico de la neutropenia febril. También cubre temas como la fisiopatología, etiología y tratamiento de la hipercalcemia asociada a cáncer.
Este documento explica la angiogénesis y su importancia en la investigación del cáncer. La angiogénesis es el proceso de crecimiento de nuevos vasos sanguíneos y es necesaria para que los tumores crezcan más allá de 1-2 mm. Se describen varios factores que regulan la angiogénesis como las células endoteliales, proteínas reguladoras y moléculas señalizadoras. También se explica cómo los inhibidores de la angiogénesis como la endostatina pueden detener el crecimiento
Integración de cetuximab en cáncer de cabeza y cuelloMauricio Lema
This document discusses several topics related to integrating cetuximab in the treatment of head and neck cancer:
1) It discusses the use of cetuximab combined with radiation therapy based on evidence from clinical trials showing improved outcomes compared to radiation therapy alone.
2) It examines induction chemotherapy in the cetuximab era, noting several clinical trials that have combined induction chemotherapy with cetuximab and radiation therapy.
3) It considers when cisplatin should be avoided for locally advanced head and neck cancer, noting clinical recommendations for defining patient populations unsuitable for platinum-based chemotherapy including factors like renal dysfunction, hearing loss, and cardiovascular disease.
The document summarizes several presentations from the 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting related to breast cancer research:
1) The MA.17R study found that extending aromatase inhibitor therapy beyond 5 years reduced breast cancer recurrences by 34% compared to 5 years of treatment alone. No worsening of quality of life or new toxicities were observed.
2) The PALOMA-2 study showed that adding palbociclib to letrozole significantly prolonged progression-free survival compared to letrozole alone in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.
3) Results from the MONARCH 1 study found that abemaciclib, a
1) Endocrine therapy resistance in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer can occur through various mechanisms including loss of ER expression, crosstalk between ER and growth factor receptor pathways, and activation of the mTOR pathway.
2) Clinical trials have shown that combining endocrine therapies like aromatase inhibitors with targeted therapies against HER2 or mTOR can help overcome resistance, improving outcomes.
3) Further research is still needed to better understand resistance mechanisms and identify biomarkers to predict which combinations may help individual patients.
- Metastatic breast cancer is commonly diagnosed in elderly patients, with around 40% of cases occurring in patients over 65 years old.
- Treatment of metastatic breast cancer in elderly patients focuses on prolonging life and controlling symptoms while maintaining quality of life and minimizing toxicity.
- For hormone receptor-positive cancer, hormone therapy is usually the initial treatment, with chemotherapy considered for hormone-refractory disease while choosing less toxic options. Clinical trials have also shown benefit from hormone withdrawal in some cases.
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The document discusses new drug developments in subsets of breast cancer. It describes how breast cancer is being segmented into rare molecular subtypes defined by specific molecular alterations. This molecular segmentation is important for optimally developing targeted agents by enriching clinical trials for patients with the relevant molecular alteration. Several new drugs for treating specific breast cancer subtypes are mentioned, including drugs targeting HER2, angiogenesis, hormone receptors, and DNA repair pathways in triple negative breast cancer.
The document discusses new drug developments in subsets of breast cancer. It describes how breast cancer is being segmented into rare molecular subtypes defined by specific molecular alterations. This molecular segmentation is important for optimally developing targeted agents by enriching clinical trials for patients with the relevant molecular alteration. Several new drugs for treating specific breast cancer subtypes are discussed, including drugs targeting HER2, angiogenesis, hormone receptors, and DNA repair pathways in triple negative breast cancer.
Tamoxifen And CYP2D6: Using Pharmacogenetics to discover a new drugRyan Squire
Dr. Matthew Goetz, assistant professor of oncology and pharmacology at the Mayo Clinic, shared his pharmacogenomic research findings related to risks and occurrence of breast cancer. He explained that in order to truly personalize medicine, you must account for all possible theories and variables. Goetz continued to say that although many believe pharmacology to be boring, it is a key component of the future model of care. Some may say, so this drug doesn’t work–why not just try another drug? It’s much more complicated than that.
Dr. Goetz touched on the variety of cases in his study in breast cancer patients, some with strange and perplexing results. When giving the same drug to multiple patients, each yielded a variety of different results. Some patients had successful reduction in tumor size, while others resulted in no change and some even experienced tumor growth as a result of the drug. Personalized health care is the answer to this, for lack of a better term, ’shot-in-the-dark’ type of therapy. If physicians can understand each patient’s biology and genetic makeup individually, they can better apply treatments and medications. This would therefore reduce health care costs and enable patients to receive much more efficient treatments.
Presentación realizada por la Dra. Pilar Escudero del HCU Lozano Blesa, en el marco de la I Jornada de actualización e innovación en Oncología que tuvo lugar en el CIBA en enero de 2015.
Tratamiento de cáncer de colon metastásico: de las guías de práctica, genómic...Mauricio Lema
1) The document discusses treatment guidelines and clinical trials for metastatic colorectal cancer. It summarizes several studies evaluating different chemotherapy regimens and targeted therapies as first-line and second-line treatment options.
2) Location of the primary tumor is noted as an important factor in prognosis. Studies presented at ASCO 2016 evaluated the relationship between tumor location and outcomes with various treatments.
3) Ongoing research is exploring continuing anti-angiogenic therapies beyond progression and evaluating new combination regimens incorporating agents like ziv-aflibercept.
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This document discusses treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including both potentially curative treatments like surgery and transplantation as well as palliative treatments. It describes staging systems for HCC and the Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer treatment algorithm. Molecular classification and targeted drugs for HCC are also reviewed, including phase III clinical trials of sorafenib and sunitinib. Ongoing and proposed clinical trials at Montefiore/Einstein combining various local and systemic modalities are discussed.
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This document provides an overview of hormone therapy (H/T) for breast cancer patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) tumors. It discusses H/T in the adjuvant, metastatic, and local-regional recurrence settings. For patients with ER+/HER2- tumors, H/T alone is not inferior to chemotherapy and may be superior. For patients with ER+/HER2+ tumors, combining an aromatase inhibitor with HER2-targeted therapy such as trastuzumab improves progression-free survival compared to an aromatase inhibitor alone in the metastatic setting.
This document summarizes the optimal treatment of ovarian cancer. It presents two case studies, the first involving a 59-year-old woman with stage III ovarian cancer, and the second involving a 62-year-old woman with recurrent ovarian cancer. For the first case, the document suggests that paclitaxel plus carboplatin is the optimal initial treatment. For the recurrent case, it discusses whether debulking surgery is appropriate and different chemotherapy options. The document then outlines milestones in ovarian cancer treatment and strategies for improving outcomes, including increasing optimal debulking rates, adding new drugs, dose-dense therapy, targeted therapies like bevacizumab, and intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
This document summarizes the optimal treatment of ovarian cancer based on two case studies presented at a masterclass. For the first case of stage III ovarian cancer, the recommended treatment is paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy. For the second case of recurrent ovarian cancer after initial treatment, debulking surgery may be considered, and chemotherapy options discussed include carboplatin-paclitaxel, carboplatin-gemcitabine, and carboplatin-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. The document then outlines key milestones in ovarian cancer treatment and strategies for improving outcomes beyond standard chemotherapy.
Hormonal and novel therapies in metastatic breast cancerAjeet Gandhi
1) The document discusses hormonal and targeted therapy approaches for metastatic breast cancer, including several clinical trials.
2) The BOLERO-2 trial found that adding everolimus to exemestane significantly improved progression-free survival compared to placebo plus exemestane in patients with hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.
3) Other trials discussed include PALOMA-1 which found palbociclib combined with letrozole doubled progression-free survival compared to letrozole alone, and Cleopatra which showed pertuzumab in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel improved progression-free survival compared to placebo in the first-line
This document summarizes key points from a lecture on chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer. It discusses various chemotherapy regimens including monotherapy, doublets, and triplets. It also reviews data on adding biological therapies like bevacizumab and cetuximab to treatment. Finally, it presents findings on the predictive marker TOPO1 and plans for the FOCUS-3 trial to further evaluate biomarkers.
1) Adjuvant chemotherapy reduces breast cancer mortality by 17-33% according to meta-analyses, with anthracycline-based regimens being more effective than CMF.
2) For HER2-positive early breast cancer, adjuvant chemotherapy plus trastuzumab is the standard of care, improving disease-free and overall survival compared to chemotherapy alone.
3) For endocrine-responsive early breast cancer, the absolute benefit of chemotherapy depends on risk factors; genomic signatures can help identify patients most likely to benefit from chemotherapy in addition to endocrine therapy.
1) Adjuvant chemotherapy reduces breast cancer mortality by 17-33% according to meta-analyses, with anthracycline-based regimens being more effective than CMF.
2) For HER2-positive early breast cancer, adjuvant chemotherapy plus trastuzumab is the standard of care, improving disease-free and overall survival compared to chemotherapy alone.
3) For endocrine-responsive early breast cancer, the absolute benefit of chemotherapy depends on risk factors; genomic signatures can help identify patients most likely to benefit from chemotherapy in addition to endocrine therapy.
1) The document discusses PARP inhibition in breast cancer, from preclinical rationale to clinical trials. It summarizes key trials like OlympiAD and EMBRACA which showed improved progression-free survival with PARP inhibitors olaparib and talazoparib in advanced BRCA-mutated breast cancer.
2) It also discusses the OlympiA trial, which is evaluating olaparib as adjuvant therapy in early-stage high-risk BRCA-mutated breast cancer patients to reduce the risk of disease recurrence.
3) Finally, it briefly touches on the increased rates of BRCA testing post the "Angelina Jolie effect" and the need to expand BRCA testing
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Tratamiento inicial de pacientes posmenopáusicas con cáncer de mama HR+/her2- metastásico: Una visión panorámica
1. Tratamiento inicial de cáncer de mama
en pacientes posmenopáusicas
HR+/Her2- metastásico: una visión
panorámica
Mauricio Lema Medina MD
Clínica de Oncología Astorga / Clínica SOMA, Medellín
Medellín, 11.11.2016
6. CMF vs Tam
CMF vs Tam + Androgen
FU vs Androgen
AC vs Tam
FACV vs Various
Chemotherapy alone versus endocrine therapy alone for metastatic breast cancer
(Review)
Wilcken N, Cochrane, 2003
7. A Randomized Trial in Postmenopausal Patients With Advanced Breast
Cancer Comparing Endocrine and Cytotoxic Therapy Given
Sequentially or in Combination
ANZBCTG, JCO (1986): 4; 186-193
CR + PR + NC 76% 81% 84%
8. A Randomized Trial in Postmenopausal Patients With Advanced Breast
Cancer Comparing Endocrine and Cytotoxic Therapy Given
Sequentially or in Combination
ANZBCTG, JCO (1986): 4; 186-193
10. What is the optimal
first-line chemotherapy in aBC?
11. Paclitaxel and epirubicin versus paclitaxel and carboplatin as first-line chemotherapy in
patients with advanced breast cancer: a phase III study conducted by the Hellenic
Cooperative Oncology Group
Fountzilas G, Ann Oncol, 2004
Paclitaxel Epirubicin
Paclitaxel Carboplatin
RMBC
327 patients
Unknown Her2 status
Both ER+ and ER- Endpoint: OS
12. Paclitaxel and epirubicin versus paclitaxel and carboplatin as first-line chemotherapy in
patients with advanced breast cancer: a phase III study conducted by the Hellenic
Cooperative Oncology Group
Fountzilas G, Ann Oncol, 2004
Paclitaxel Epirubicin
Paclitaxel Carboplatin
RMBC
327 patients
Unknown Her2 status
Both ER+ and ER- Endpoint: OS
TTF
Paclitaxel + Carboplatin: 10.8 mo
Paclitaxel + Epirubicin: 8.1
OS
Paclitaxel + Carboplatin
Paclitaxel + Epirubicin
NS: 22-27mo
13. A randomized phase III study comparing three anthracycline-free taxane-based
regimens, as first line chemotherapy, in metastatic breast cancer
Fountzilas G, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009
Docetaxel + Gemcitabine q3w
Weekly paclitaxel
RMBC
416 patients
ER+: 65%
Triple negative: 15%
Trastuzumab in 6 patients
Endpoint: OS
OS
Paclitaxel + Carboplatin q3w
OS
Paclitaxel + Carboplatin: 29.9 mo
Docetaxel + Gemcitabine: 26.9 mo
Weekly Paclitaxel: 41.0 mo
p=0.037
PFS
11 mo
14. A randomized phase III study comparing three anthracycline-free taxane-based
regimens, as first line chemotherapy, in metastatic breast cancer
Fountzilas G, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009
15. A randomized phase III study comparing three anthracycline-free taxane-based
regimens, as first line chemotherapy, in metastatic breast cancer
Fountzilas G, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009
PCb vs Weekly paclitaxel
16. 2009 Weekly paclitaxel 49% 47wks75%
Fountzilas, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009
ORR CBR PFS/TTF
ER+/ER-/Her2+
17. What is the optimal
first-line chemotherapy in aBC?
Weekly paclitaxel appears to be
superior to combination agents in
“all-comers” with aBC
18.
19. What is the optimal
first-line single-agent hormonal
therapy in HR+/Her2- aBC?
20.
21. 2001 Tamoxifen 20% 26wks38%
Letrozole 30% 41wks49%
Mouridsen H, JCO, 2001
HR: 0.7
ORR CBR PFS/TTF
ER/PR status unknown in some
27. ESMO-2016, Copenhagen, 7-11 October 2016
A phase 3 trial confirms a phase 2 trial (FIRST).
Fulvestrant appears less effective in visceral metastases.
All patients where hormonotherapy naïve.
30. What is the optimal
first-line single-agent hormonal
therapy in HR+/Her2- aBC?
Fulvestrant is superior to AIs and
displays a remarkable OS in non-
visceral metastatic in de-novo aBC
34. Anti ER treatment with Fulvestrant induces
PI3k pathway activation
Fox EM, Arteaga CL, Miller TW. Frontiers in Oncology, 2012
35. Hortobagyi GN et al. SABCS 2011;Abstract S3-7.
Postmenopausal, ER-
positive locally
advanced or metastatic
breast cancer
Progression on letrozole
or anastrozole
(n = 724)
R
Everolimus – 10 mg daily
+
Exemestane – 25 mg daily
(n = 485)
Placebo
+
Exemestane – 25 mg daily
(n = 239)
Stratification: Sensitivity to prior hormonal therapy and presence of visceral metastases
Endpoints:
• Primary: Progression-free survival (PFS) by local assessment
• Secondary: Overall survival, overall response rate, quality of life,
safety, bone markers, pharmacokinetics
BOLERO-2 Study Design
36. Patients with primary resistance were
those relapsing during or within 6
months of stopping adjuvant AI
treatment or progressing within 6
months of starting AI treatment in the
metastatic setting
37. Response and Clinical Benefit
Everolimus + Exemestane
Placebo + Exemestane
Response Clinical Benefit
Percent
12.0%
1.3%
50.5%
25.5%
P < 0.0001
P < 0.0001
Baselga J, et al. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:520-529.
41. Bolero-2: OS of Exemestane + Everolimus
in mBC
Piccert M, et al. Ann Oncol 2014
42. 2012 Exemestane (E) 1% 17wks25%
Everolimus + E 13% 49wks50%
Baselga, NEJM, 2012
ORR CBR PFS/TTF
Progressing after neoadjuvant therapy
Central review
43. Royce, M. ESMO (2016), Abstract 2220
BOLERO-4: Phase 2 trial of first-line everolimus (EVE) plus letrozole (LET) in
estrogen receptor–positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor
2–negative (HER2−) advanced breast cancer (BC)
44. Royce, M. ESMO (2016), Abstract 2220
BOLERO-4: Phase 2 trial of first-line everolimus (EVE) plus letrozole (LET) in
estrogen receptor–positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor
2–negative (HER2−) advanced breast cancer (BC)
45. Royce, M. ESMO (2016), Abstract 2220
BOLERO-4: Phase 2 trial of first-line everolimus (EVE) plus letrozole (LET) in
estrogen receptor–positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor
2–negative (HER2−) advanced breast cancer (BC)
46. Royce, M. ESMO (2016), Abstract 2220
BOLERO-4: Phase 2 trial of first-line everolimus (EVE) plus letrozole (LET) in
estrogen receptor–positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor
2–negative (HER2−) advanced breast cancer (BC)
55. PALOMA 2: AE Summary
• Most AEs resulting in d/c reported as single events, most commonly
neutropenia with palbociclib (1.6%) or fatigue with placebo (0.9%)
• One on-study, treatment-related death because of pulmonary
embolism/respiratory failure in placebo arm
Slide credit: clinicaloptions.comFinn R, et al. ASCO 2016. Abstract 507.
Outcome, % Palbociclib +
Letrozole (n = 444)
Placebo +
Letrozole (n = 222)
Serious AE 19.6 12.6
Serious AE occurring in ≥ 1% of pts
Febrile neutropenia
Pulmonary embolism
1.6
0.9
0
1.4
AE-related discontinuation 9.7 5.9
AE-related death 2.3 1.8
56. PALOMA 2: Conclusions
• First-line palbociclib + letrozole significantly improved median PFS vs
placebo + letrozole in women with ER+/HER2- advanced breast
cancer
– Median PFS improved by > 10 mos compared to placebo
• 24.8 mos vs 14.5 mos, HR: 0.58 (95% CI: 0.46-0.72; P < .0001)
• Palbociclib clinical benefit observed in all prespecified subgroups
• Palbociclib well tolerated with neutropenia, leukopenia the most
frequently reported AEs
• PALOMA-2[1] data confirm PALOMA-1[2] results and constitute the longest
median PFS improvement to date in the front-line setting in advanced ER+
breast cancer
Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
1. Finn R, et al. ASCO 2016. Abstract 507.
2. Finn RS, et al. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16:25-35.