This document discusses a proposed blockchain-based system for secure health data management. It begins with background on electronic medical records and concerns about data security and privacy. It then provides an overview of blockchain technology and how it could address these concerns through distributed, immutable record keeping. The proposed system would use Ethereum as a framework, storing health records on the blockchain network with unique hashes and timestamps. An initial prototype demonstration showed healthcare stakeholders could add, retrieve, and update electronic health records through a RESTful API. The conclusion discusses future research directions to further evaluate the framework.

1. TOPIC
PRESENTER MD JOBAIR HOSSAIN FARUK
Blockchain-based Secured Health Data
Management
Supervisor: Professors H. Shahriar1, M. Valero1, S. Sneha1, S. Ahamed2, M. Rahman3
iOTAS Research Group, 1
Kennesaw State University, 2
Marquette University, 3
Florida International University - USA

2. § Health: Physical, Mental, and Social prosperity
§ Healthcare facilities for the society and elderly population
§ Health records
– Traditional
– Electronic
BACKGROUND

3. § Electronic Medical Record (EMR) appeared in the 1960s and 1970s
§ At the time when new computer technologies were developed
§ As well as emerging of health informatics at the same time
§ EMRs
o Rapidly gather and manage sets of information
o Monitor changes in patient outcomes after installation of a new practice or treatment
§ EHRs have revolutionized the format of health records, transforming the healthcare
industry and making patients' medical records easier to read and access from virtually
anywhere on the globe
BACKGROUND

4. Data can be
manipulated or
altered easily
Creates concerns in
terms of security
and privacy of
patients
BACKGROUND
q Conventional computing approach:

5. • What is the solution?
BACKGROUND

6. .
OUTLINE
Background
Literature
Review
Blockchain and
its Framework
Proposed
System
System
Evaluation
Conclusion

7. KEY
CONTRIBUTIONS
Discuss progress
and the prospective
opportunities for
secure health data
management using
Blockchain
Provide a thorough
overview of
blockchain
technology and its
two widely
frameworks, (i)
Ethereum and (ii)
Hyperledger Fabric.
Imparting an
adequate overview
of the concept of
blockchain
technology in
software
engineering and its
inter alia interaction
Propose a system
architecture for
secure heath data
management by
using Ethereum as a
model

8. § Distributed, incorruptible database of records or digital events
§ Execute, validate, and maintain by a network of computers instead of a single central
network among participating parties around the world
§ Establish networks using distributed ledger technology (DLT)
§ Store data between a group of users that are authenticated predefined network protocols
BLOCKCHAIN

9. § Record a timestamp to avoid tempering the stored data
§ Enhance authentication, confidentiality, transparency, and unique data sharing
characteristics
§ Allow the creation of a tamper-evident, shared, and trusted ledger that sequentially
appends cryptographically secure data transactions
§ The ledger would only be accessible to trusted parties; once a transaction has been added
to the ledger, it cannot be modified
WHY BLOCKCHAIN?

10. ONC'S
REQUIREMENTS
• The Office of the National Coordinator for Health
Information Technology (ONC) introduced the “Cures Act”
• Offer patients and their caregivers seamless and access to
confidential information, exchange, and use of electronic
health information
• Provide right to electronically access the entirety of their
electronic health information and records (EHI, EHR),
structured and/or potentially unstructured, at no expense
• ONC creates a set of necessary guidelines for health IT
developers, require IT professionals to be certified as health
IT developers in order to adequate the newly established
technical requirements
Fig. 4: The Cures Act Final Rule Highlighted Regulatory Dates

11. BLOCKCHAIN IN HEALTHCARE?
Blockchain can mitigate concerns about data ownership
and share by allowing patients to keep their data and
choose who they share it with

12. BLOCKCHAIN IN HEALTHCARE?
Fig. 1: Represents blockchain-based workflow consists of primary layers including raw data, and
stakeholders by S. Khezr, M. Moniruzzaman, A. Yassine, and R. Benlamri (2019)

13. § Multiple blockchain infrastructures have emerged:
§ permissionless blockchain that focuses on “trustless” networks used by any
individuals, Bitcoin is an example.
§ permissioned blockchains where only pre-verified users shall have access; for instance,
enterprise-based systems.
BLOCKCHAIN INFRASTRUCTURES!

14. BLOCKCHAIN FRAMEWORKS!
Ethereum: Ethereum is a public
network that enables permissioned
networks.
Hyperledger Fabric: Hyperledger is a
fully permissioned network designed for
operations involving sensitive and
confidential data.

15. • Ethereum:
• Introduced as a platform in 2013
• transaction-based state machine concepts
• goal to provide a tightly integrated end-to-end system to the end-developer
• built-in decentralized transactions and in an environment where the system can
perform any computations
• all nodes must have access to the whole records in blockchain
• a Merkle Patricia Tree (MPT) is being used to improve the state
• allow execution of up to 15 transactions per second
BLOCKCHAIN: ETHEREUM

16. BLOCKCHAIN: ETHEREUM
Fig. 2: Ethereum’s Block structure and Merkle Root

17. • Hyperledger Fabric:
• consensus-based distributed peer-to-peer ledger
• combines blockchain with a system for "smart contract" application
• focus trust, accountability, and transparency at their core, and legitimate business
limitations
• includes novel security features such as private data collections, which allow only
certain authorized users to access certain data
• allow execution of up to 3,500 transactions per second
BLOCKCHAIN: HYPERLEDGER FABRIC

18. • Software Engineering (SE) is a systematic, disciplined, and quantified approach to
software development, operation, and maintenance method.
• Use case and principle of Software Engineering in Blockchain-Oriented Software (BOS)
development.
• SE can facilitate the development of Smart Contracts, ensure effective testing activities,
and enhance collaboration in large teams.
• The concept of SE in blockchain reflects in “Smart Contract” where Ethereum is
typically written using “Solidity”.
• Solidity is an object-oriented language having data structures, public and private functions, and
the ability to inherit notions like events and modifiers from other contracts.
BLOCKCHAIN IN SE

19. BLOCKCHAIN IN SE
Fig. 3: Blockchain-Oriented Software development process by
M. Marchesi et al (2018)

20. RELATED WORK
- Paper Review
Initial Search: 180
Total Inclusion: 20
IEEE Xplore, Research
Gate, Springer Link
- Applications
Six Blockchain Based
Applications
Gem Health Network,
MedRec, Carechain included

21. • We propose research into the establishment of a decentralized, peer-to-peer network of
participants
• Transactions are recorded on a shared distributed ledger for the purpose of patient data
management and secure accessibility
• We initially develop a demo prototype to furnish a clear visualization of the proposed
blockchain-oriented healthcare application using Ethereum framework as a model
SYSTEM OVERVIEW

22. SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURE
• A secure Application Programming Interface
(API) that meets with the criteria of ONC
• Ethereum based data repository
• Each data links with a unique and unchangeable
hash and timestamp
Fig. 5: UML Use Case for Blockchain-Based Health Application

23. .
SYSTEM
ENTITIES
Blockchain Network Cloud Database
Healthcare Stakeholders

24. • After contriving an initial prototype, we generally validate through experimental
simulation approaches
• Demonstration indicates a proficient operating capability among three primary
components of the system (i) Blockchain Network (ii) Cloud Database (iii) Healthcare
Stakeholders
• The data comes from the preset form that stakeholders can create. Once submitted, the
EMR data shall transact to the blockchain storage. Each EMR data consists of a unique
hash and timestamp and the stored data is accessible using the authorized API
SYSTEM EVALUATION

25. SYSTEM EVALUATION
Fig. 6: Depicts a form to create
patient data
Fig. 7: Stored data saved in Ethereum-Based
Blockchain Network

26. SYSTEM EVALUATION
Fig. 9: An interface for accessing
stored data using API
Fig. 10: Transaction Details in Blockchain
Network

27. DISCUSSION
Every record would contain a timestamp
and unique cryptographic signature lead
the data to an auditable, immutable
network
Ensure data security and integrity, while
allowing the choice for patients and
providers to access the data anytime and
anywhere

28. • In this study, we successfully introduced Ethereum-based system that has competency in
storing Electronic Health Data within a secure and immutable blockchain network
• System demonstration indicates that the prototype allows the permissioned stakeholders
to add, update, and retrieve EHR data on a RESTful API environment
• We recognize possible directions for future research, thus, the concerns revealed in our
analysis, we will outline a framework for further empirical research that will be done
extensively
CONCLUSION

29. “Data should never be stored as writing in pencil that could deface anytime rather
storing in an immutable format that will protect data transaction transparently”
Emphasizes by the Author,
Hossain Jobair

30. REFERENCE CITED
[1] H. Jobair, H. Shahriar, M. Valero. “Towards Blockchain-Based Secure Data Management
for Remote Patient Monitoring”. To appear in IEEE ICDH 2021, Full paper.

31. Questions?

32. Thank You!
mhossa21@students.kennesaw.edu | Md Jobair Hossain Faruk | www.linkedin.com/in/jobair16
Presented By,