Topic: against early marriage General Purpose: To argue Specific Purpose: To argue that early marriages should be forbidden since they cause more harm than good. Thesis Statement: The government and other social organizations should sought to discourage early marriages since 1) early marriages erode the moral standard of the youth; 2) increases the rate of divorce in the society today; 3) compromise family planning; 4) deteriorates the living standard and crumbles economic growth. Introduction 1. [Attention Getter] research conducted by the International Centre for Research on Women on early Marriage (2013) presented the following statistical data regarding developing countries. A. Statistically computed data shows that a third of women under the age 18 get married at a tender age. B. Statistics speculates that over 150 million girls are likely to get married before attaining the age of 18. C. According to Frida Okonofua’s work confronting the Challenge of Reproductive Health in Africa: A Textbook for Students and Development Practitioners. Women that spoil in early marriage are most vulnerable to death after childbirth. 2. [Topic Justification/ Establish Controversy] early marriage is a rapidly growing phenomena that human right and the governments all over the world are striving to deal. A. Frida’s work elaborates that marriage for girls under that age of 18 puts them at risk of contracting a reproductive disorder related to childbirth and pregnancy. B. According to Kate Plourde (2012), The Stories Behind the Statistics: Early Marriage, more than 37,000 teenage girls get married all over the world on a daily basis. Early marriage is a violation of the human right laws governing the safety and general wellbeing of children. Therefore, early marriage compromises economic development and compromises emanation of a pool of young labor force. 3. [Credible Statement] Am mostly emotional about human right activism. A. I have studied some cases of early marriages and reviewed the available secondary sources regarding the implications of early marriages on the society today. 4. [Preview] The governments should create strict policies and regulations that forbid early marriage for the following reasons. A. Firstly, early marriages erode the moral standards of the society today. B. Secondly, early marriages forbid a nation, young and highly skilled labor force, hence compromising economic growth. Transition: the bottom line early marriages impact negatively on the welfare of teenagers and economic endeavors of a nation. Body 1. [First Constructive Argument] Early marriage is direct constituent of poverty. This idea is portrayed in Naana Otoo-Oyortey and Sonita Pobi’s work, Early marriage and Poverty (2003) A. Marriage was meant to be a holy union between a man and a woman. However, early marriage endanger the fundamentals of marriage as an institution. I. Early marriage has been significantly associated with the escalating poverty levels in developing ...

1. Topic: against early marriage
General Purpose: To argue
Specific Purpose: To argue that early marriages should be
forbidden since they cause more harm than good.
Thesis Statement: The government and other social
organizations should sought to discourage early marriages since
1) early marriages erode the moral standard of the youth; 2)
increases the rate of divorce in the society today; 3)
compromise family planning; 4) deteriorates the living standard
and crumbles economic growth.
Introduction
1. [Attention Getter] research conducted by the International
Centre for Research on Women on early Marriage (2013)
presented the following statistical data regarding developing
countries.
A. Statistically computed data shows that a third of women
under the age 18 get married at a tender age.
B. Statistics speculates that over 150 million girls are likely to
get married before attaining the age of 18.
C. According to Frida Okonofua’s work confronting the
Challenge of Reproductive Health in Africa: A Textbook for
Students and Development Practitioners. Women that spoil in
early marriage are most vulnerable to death after childbirth.
2. [Topic Justification/ Establish Controversy] early marriage is
a rapidly growing phenomena that human right and the
governments all over the world are striving to deal.
A. Frida’s work elaborates that marriage for girls under that age
of 18 puts them at risk of contracting a reproductive disorder
related to childbirth and pregnancy.
B. According to Kate Plourde (2012), The Stories Behind the
Statistics: Early Marriage, more than 37,000 teenage girls get
married all over the world on a daily basis. Early marriage is a
violation of the human right laws governing the safety and

2. general wellbeing of children. Therefore, early marriage
compromises economic development and compromises
emanation of a pool of young labor force.
3. [Credible Statement] Am mostly emotional about human right
activism.
A. I have studied some cases of early marriages and reviewed
the available secondary sources regarding the implications of
early marriages on the society today.
4. [Preview] The governments should create strict policies and
regulations that forbid early marriage for the following reasons.
A. Firstly, early marriages erode the moral standards of the
society today.
B. Secondly, early marriages forbid a nation, young and highly
skilled labor force, hence compromising economic growth.
Transition: the bottom line early marriages impact negatively on
the welfare of teenagers and economic endeavors of a nation.
Body
1. [First Constructive Argument] Early marriage is direct
constituent of poverty. This idea is portrayed in Naana Otoo-
Oyortey and Sonita Pobi’s work, Early marriage and Poverty
(2003)
A. Marriage was meant to be a holy union between a man and a
woman. However, early marriage endanger the fundamentals of
marriage as an institution.
I. Early marriage has been significantly associated with the
escalating poverty levels in developing countries. (Nation
Against Early Marriage, 2013).
II. Early marriage compromised the availability of a young and
skilled workforce thus compromising economic growth of a
nation.
B. Early marriage as an economic setback. Ukwuoma
Amstrong’s article of the socio-economic implications of early
marriage shade intensive light on this aspect.
I. Early marriages paralyzes the education system since the
number of school dropouts will significantly increase.
II. Early marriage results in substandard living standard since

3. the parties involved have not achieved economic stability.
2. [Second Constructive Argument] secondly, early marriages
deteriorate the moral standards of the society today.
A. Early marriage is a violation of the human right laws.
I. Early marriage involve women under the age of 18 years.
Therefore it can be termed as violation of children’s rights
(Nation against Early Marriage, 2013).
II. A study conducted by UNICEF in 2005 revealed that early
marriage is a crippling endeavor on the society’s development.
B. Emanation of a morally derailed generation
I. Early marriage is fundamentally a major setback and a factor
that is continuously infusing depletion of the moral standards in
the society.
Conclusion
I. In summary is significantly fundamental that a review is done
on why it is essential to discourage early marriages.
A. Firstly, early marriages deteriorate the moral standards in the
society.
B. Secondly, early marriages destabilize economic development
of a country
C. Finally, early marriages put women on the verge of high
susceptibility to reproductive infections.
II. In line with all the highlighted impacts of early marriage.
The need for adverse measure to curb early marriage is
fundamentally necessary. Therefore, the government should
dedicate resources and personnel toward containing of this
rapidly growing phenomenon.
Hypothetical Enthymeme
Major Premise: If you violate child rights, you will be violate
the human right laws.
Minor Premise: early marriages violate child rights.
Conclusion: early marriages violate human right laws.
III. [Refutation] Finally, early marriages do more harm than
good to the society.
A. [Minimization] Early marriages cause serious damage on the

4. society’s moral stability, as opposed to the speculated
traditional reasons for early marriages.
I. Early marriages spoil the moral grounds for the young
generation.
B. [Turn the Tables] furthermore early marriages compromise a
country’s economic growth.
I. Depletion of a young and skilled labor force.
II. Deterioration of living standard.
III. Increasing the dependent population.
C. [Turn the Tables] moreover, medical risks is another aspect
of concern.
I. Mothering at a tender age results in reproductive related
infection.
Transition: the bottom line is clear, early marriages do massive
damage to the society.
Citation
ICRW (2013). Child marriage facts and figures. Retrieved from
http://www.icrw.org/child-marriage-facts-and-figures
Otoo-Oyortey, N., Pobi, S., Forum of Marriage and the Rights
of Women and Girls, & International Planned Parenthood
Federation. (2003). Early marriage and poverty: Exploring links
for policy and programme development. London: Forum of
Marriage and the Rights of Women and Girls.
Plourde, K. (2012). The story behind the statistics: Early
marriage. BILL & MELINDA GATES foundation. Print.
Retrieved from:

5. http://www.impatientoptimists.org/Posts/2012/12/The-Stories-
Behind-the-Statistics-Early-Marriage#.Vi_QmytlK1t.
Tangri, S. (2013). The impacts of early marriage: Domestic
Violence and sexuality. Nation Against Early Marriage. Print.
Retrieved from:
http://www.breakthrough.tv/earlymarriage/2013/08/impact-
early-marriage-domestic-violence-sexuality/
Ukwuoma, A. Child marriage in Nigeria: The health hazards and
socio-legal implications. Lulu. Com. Print. P. 5
UNICEF. (2005). Early Marriage A Harmful Traditional
Practice A Statistical Exploration 2005. New York: United
Nations Children's Fund, (UNICEF).
· Changes Within FEMA
· Select ONE of the topics listed below and write a 2-page
paper.
· You must include a minimum of two references, one being
from an outside, non-GU source.
Topic #1
The decision to move the Federal Emergency Management
Agency into the Department of Homeland Security changed the
dynamics of emergency management, including the function and
focus of FEMA, the interactions between the nations lead
emergency manager and the President, among other changes.
On one side, there is the feeling that incorporating FEMA into
DHS has helped to concentrate the agencies dealing with hazard
and risk under one roof, thereby eliminating some of the
problems that occurred on September 11th. On the other side is
the argument that inserting FEMA into DHS has severely
weakened the ability of FEMA to perform its required function.

6. Use this forum to state your opinion on whether or not you
think FEMA belongs in DHS, or whether it should be returned
to Cabinet-level status, and support your answer with examples
(hypothetical or actual).
Topic #2
FEMA Administrator Craig Fugate has made several significant
changes to the way in which FEMA operates, which are
intended to trickle down to the State and local levels. Examples
include the Whole Community concept, a greater use of social
media, and a move back towards the All-Hazards Emergency
Management approach. State your impressions of Administrator
Fugate’s tenure at FEMA, and give examples to support your
statements.
· All of the written work submitted must clearly be your own.
Keep in mind transcription of material (copying), followed by
parenthetical identification of the source with little or no
original thought added does not constitute an adequate essay.
You are expected to provide some evidence that at least a
significant portion of the each essay is your own reaction to,
thought about or evaluation of the subject of the essay,
composed in your own words. Agreement, disagreement,
examples, etc. are appropriate – as long as evidence of some
thoughtful and pertinent independent thought, reaction, or
response to the term or question is included.