Tizen is an open-source, cross-platform operating system based on Linux, primarily developed by Samsung and Intel, with a timeline of significant releases starting from 2012. It offers features like HTML5 support, rich personalization, and compatibility across various devices including smartphones, wearables, and smart TVs, but faces challenges such as limited market familiarity and potential coding vulnerabilities. Tizen Studio provides tools for developers to create applications for the platform, emphasizing its adaptability and user-friendly interface.