A high level overview of changes to the nonresidential energy standard Title 24 Part 6. HVAC, ASHRAE 90.1 equivalent. 2019.

1. Title 24 2019 – Your Greatest Ideas
Turned Into Codes
02.04.2019
Neil Bulger, PE
Red Car Analytics
4460 Chico Ave.
Santa Rosa, California 95407

5. Big Bold Goals in 2011

6. Residential Code Change
(NET ZERO 2020!?#$#!)
Commercial Code Change
(NET ZERO 2030)

7. Commercial Building (Non-Res)
When 2019 Code
Change Advocacy
Starts
Code is
Law
2020

8. Information Is Online (As of 4/23/2018)
https://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2019standards/rulemaking/doc
uments/2018-05-09_hearing/2019_Revised_EnergyCode.php

9. Mandatory HVAC Changes
1. Higher Filtration
2. Balanced Ventilation Multi-Family
3. Commercial Ventilation Calculation
4. Natural Ventilation / Exhaust Rates / DCV & Occ Control
5. Fault Detection for All
6. Equipment Efficiency
7. Demand Management
Prescriptive HVAC Changes
1. Cooling Tower
2. Fan Power Formula
3. Exhaust Transfer Air
4. Solar Hot Water
Lighting Changes
Process Systems
a) Variable Fumehoods Control
b) Stack Exhaust Fan Power
Topics Included Today

10. Mandatory Requirements
120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
MERV 13 filters required
Multifamily HVAC Systems
All Non-Res HVAC Systems

12. Mandatory Requirements
120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
Balanced Ventilation Systems
Multifamily Buildings
Pnnl.gov
basc.pnnl.gov/resource-guides/whole-building-delivered-ventilation

13. • Exhaust only is most common.
• Not very effective ventilation.
• Air comes from where?
• Cannot filter the air.
• It is low cost.
• It was standard when buildings were
leaky and had low exhaust rates.

14. 120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
Mandatory Requirements
New Ventilation Equation
Nonresidential
Title 24
2019
Semi-Simple Method Space Types & Names

15. For ventilation quantities, all spaces covered by part 6 (ENERGY CODE)
take precedence over part 4 (MECH CODE).

16. 120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
Mandatory Requirements
New Ventilation Equation
Nonresidential
Simple Formulas
Vz = Rp x Pz
Vent = 15 cfm/person x People
Vz = Ra x Az
Vent = xx cfm/sf_type x Area
OR
Greater of the two
equations

17. Space Types & Names
120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
New Ventilation Equation
Nonresidential
Unique airflow rates for California
Unique airflow rates for California

18. Exhaust
cfm/sf
Supply
cfm/sf [3]
Supply
cfm/sf [2]
Supply cfm/sf [1]
120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
2016 Nonresidential
Aiflow/Area table
2019 Nonresidential
Aiflow/Area table

19. 120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
Mandatory Requirements
New Ventilation Equation
Nonresidential
Simple Formulas
Vz = Rp x Pz
Vent = 15 cfm/person x People
Vz = Ra x Az
Vent = xx cfm/sf_type x Area
OR
Vent = 0.15 cfm/sf_type* x Area
The Demand Control Ventilation lower limit
*most spaces

20. 120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
Mandatory Requirements
New Ventilation Equation
Nonresidential
Simple Formulas
Ventilation in Commercial Buildings will Increase
In Most Cases

21. 120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
Required Demand Control Ventilation
Required for All Spaces
Greater than:
25 people per 1000 sq ft
(or, less than:
40 square feet / person)

22. 120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
Occupancy Sensing Zone Controls
Mandatory Requirements
All Spaces that require
Lighting Shut-Off Controls
shall require ventilation
controls to go to ZERO for
allowable space types.
Office Space
Corridor
Multipurpose Assembly
Classrooms
Conference Rooms

23. 120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
Filtration
Ventilation
Air
Exhaust
Air
New Formula
Semi-Same
cfm/sf or cfm/person
New
Table cfm/sf
MERV 13
Demand Control
Vent (CO2)
Occ Sensing
Control Vent

24. 120.1 Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality
Natural Ventilation
Nonresidential
1. Single Sided Opening
2. Double Sided Opening
3. Corner Opening
Openable area shall be not
less than 4 percent of the
net occupiable floor area.
225 sf office x 4% = 9 sqft
Mandatory Requirements

25. 120.2 Economizer Fault Detection Diagnostics (FDD)
http://www.automatedbuildings.com/news/feb13/
articles/adms/130121113909adms.html
Required for All Air
Handling Units with
Mechanical Cooling
> 54,000 BTU
Not just Packaged Units
Mandatory Requirements

26. 110.12 Demand Management
New Section to Code
HVAC
Some Rooms
+ / - 4 deg F
Lighting
Above 10,000 sf
15% LPD reduction
Mandatory Requirements
Shall Be Capable of

27. 5 tons
(65,000 BTU)
60 tons
(760,000 BTU)
11.4
IEER
12.9
IEER
9.8
IEER
11.2
IEER
2016 2019
110.2 Equipment Efficiencies are Going Up
Equipment Efficiency Rating
No change in EER
No change in EER
Mandatory Requirements

28. “Variable Speed
compressors & Evaporative
Condensing Units can get up
to 16.9 IEER.”
“Some rooftop
unit configurations are
as high as 13.6 EER.”

29. 140.4 HVAC Changes
Cooling Towers
https://spxcooling.com/coolingtowers
Prescriptive Requirements

30. 140.4 HVAC Changes
Cooling Towers
Was 40 gpm/hp
Prescriptive Requirements

31. 140.4 HVAC Changes
Cooling Towers
Was 40 gpm/hp
Now 60 gpm/hp
(tried for 80 gpm/hp)
Slightly larger tower
size.
This is the same impact as
picking a ‘low approach’ tower.
5 deg to 6 deg F approach tower
vs typical 8 to 10 deg F.
Prescriptive Requirements

32. 140.4 HVAC Changes (New Section)
(o) Exhaust System Transfer Air
Shall Not Exceed:
1. Supply for Heating /
Cooling
2. Allowed Ventilation
Rate
3. Exhaust Total –
Transferred Air
Prescriptive Requirements

33. 140.4 HVAC Changes
Fan Power New Formula
Prescriptive Requirements
Previously T24, 2016
Total hp > 25 hp had a limited
W/cfm
Now for T24, 2019,
Total hp > 5 hp has a limited
W/cfm
Adopting
ASHRAE
90.1 2016
Pressure
Credit
Method

34. 140.4 HVAC Changes
Fan Power New Formula
Adopting ASHRAE 90.1 2016
Pressure Credit Method
Prescriptive Requirements
Option 1
Option 2

35. 140.4 HVAC Changes
Fan Power New Formula
Constant
Volume
Fans
Variable
Volume
Fans
< 0.82 W/cfm < 1.2 W/cfmOption 1
Rated size
Option 2
Rated power
< 0.70 W/cfm +A < 0.97 W/cfm +A
hp < cfm x 0.0011 hp < cfm x 0.0015
bhp < cfm x 0.00094 + A bhp < cfm x 0.0013 + A
Prescriptive Requirements

36. 140.4 HVAC Changes
Fan Power New Formula
Constant
Volume
Fans
Variable
Volume
Fans
< 0.82 W/cfm
< 4.3 inches TSP*
< 1.2 W/cfm
< 5.9 inches TSP*
hp < cfm x 0.0011 hp < cfm x 0.0015
bhp < cfm x 0.00094 + A bhp < cfm x 0.0013 + A
< 0.70 W/cfm +A
< 4 inches TSP* +A
< 0.97 W/cfm +A
< 5.5 inches TSP* +A
*assuming 60% for fan efficiency
Prescriptive Requirements
Option 1
Rated size
Option 2
Rated power

37. Adjustment Credits (A)
Option 2
Rated Power
bhp < cfm x 0.00094 + A bhp < cfm x 0.0013 + A
< 0.70 W/cfm +A
< 4 inches TSP* +A
< 0.97 W/cfm +A
< 5.5 inches TSP* +A

38. 140.4 HVAC Changes
Fan Power New Formula
Variable Volume Fan
< 5.5 inches TSP
+ Fully Ducted Return
< 5.5+0.5 inches TSP
+ Energy Recovery
Ventilator at 65%
effective
< 5.5+0.5+1.0 inches TSP
Prescriptive Requirements
Option 2
Rated Power

39. 140.5 Hot Water Heating
Exception ADDED for 8 stories and above
for requiring solar hot water.
Compliance Change

40. 140.9 HVAC Process Changes
Laboratory Variable Flow Fumehoods
Prescriptive Requirements

43. 140.9 HVAC Process Changes
Laboratory Stack Exhaust Fan Power
Prescriptive Requirements

44. 140.9 HVAC Process Changes
Laboratory Stack Discharge Exhaust Fan Power
Maximum Pressure
Drop of
0.85 inches with air
treatment
0.65 inches without
Prescriptive Requirements

45. https://www.laboratoryequipment.com
140.9 HVAC Process Changes
Laboratory Stack Exhaust Fan Power
Prescriptive Requirements

46. Where will we find the gold in performance compliance?
140.6 Lighting Power Density

47. 140.6 Lighting Power Density
Building Method new LPDs
Most Building
LPDs are
Reducing
Lighting by
20% to 40%
Prescriptive Requirements

48. 140.6 Lighting Power Density
Building Area Method new LPDs

49. 140.6 Lighting Power Density
Building Area Method new LPDs
Lower
General
Lighting
(New)
Task
Lighting
(Additional
lighting)

50. https://www.slideshare.net/AZMAT0/lighting-systems-and-their-designmau-jmi2014

51. 140.6 Lighting Controls
Credit for Daylighting Architectural Features

55. Mandatory HVAC Changes
1. Higher Filtration
2. Balanced Ventilation Multi-Family
3. Commercial Ventilation Calculation
4. Natural Ventilation / Exhaust Rates / DCV & Occ Control
5. Fault Detection for All
6. Equipment Efficiency
7. Demand Management
Prescriptive HVAC Changes
1. Cooling Tower
2. Fan Power Formula
3. Exhaust Transfer Air
4. Solar Hot Water
Lighting Changes
Process Systems
a) Variable Fumehoods Control
b) Stack Exhaust Fan Power
Topics Included Today

57. Questions
Title 24 2019 – Your Greatest
Ideas Turned Into Codes
Neil Bulger, PE
Red Car Analytics
neil@redcaranalytics.com
www.redcaranalytics.com
4460 Chico Ave.
Santa Rosa, California 95407