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Tiensin- Current Status of TADs in Thailand
- 1. Transboundary Animal Diseases: Our challenges and opportunities for capacity building of veterinary services Thanawat Tiensin, DVM, PhD Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Thailand
- 2. Food security and income generation TADs
- 3. Chickens with a certain level of biosecurity – challenge and opportunity
- 4. • Tuna and shrimp • Chicken and duck meat products • Pigs and pork products • Dairy products • Feed and petfood • Animal genetics Thailand - Exports of livestock and aquatic animal products 4
- 5. - 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 61,290 61,587 67,740 88,658 87,176 96,399 112,479 134,009 156,598 166,505 91,811 : 183,580 Value of livestock product exports, 2003-2015 Million Thai Baht Export of 5.25 Billion USD in 2015 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
- 6. Total value: 183,580 million Thai Baht (US$ 5.25 billion) Exports of Thai livestock products by types, 2013
- 7. TADs bring us together HPAI African swine fever
- 8. All About trust Together we can – another challenge and opportunity
- 9. Beauty of the Concept BUT, in reality
- 10. Zoonoses Disaster management Food safety Occupational health Car accident Cancer AMR Transboundary animal diseases
- 11. The concept of multi-sectoral or multi-ministerial approaches for public sector governance is an essential element through which a country acquires the authorities to jointly provide and manage public goods and services. “ONE HEALTH” We can make changes. It is an opportunity.
- 12. 62 million birds killed and culled 17 of 25 human cases died (449 of 844 cases in worldwide) HPAI H5N1 in Thailand (2004-2008) Tiensin et al., Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2005 5,300 million Thai Baht (US$ 132.5 million) for direct compensation 0.39% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2004 decreased - 25,240 million Thai Bath (US$ 631 million) 12 Photos: Dr. Thaweesak Songserm
- 13. (Tiensin et al., 2005 and 2007) ?? What, Where, Why, When and How? H5N1 Outbreak 13
- 14. Factors associated with H5N1 infection around clusters Tiensin et al., Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009 14
- 15. Understanding of the ecology and nature of a disease occurrence Tiensin et al., Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009 15 Hypothetical pathways of HPAI H5N1 transmission within and between subdistricts
- 16. Animal-human-ecosystem interface: Biosecurity and Biocontainment Revisit 16
- 17. Animal-human- ecosystem interface Small-scale farming and market chain • How to trace backward to the source of poultry • How to maintain herd immunity/ vaccination program in backyard operations LBVD, Myanmar and Tiensin, 2011
- 18. Diversification of poultry production systems in SE Asia Country Large industrial Medium commercial Small commercial Backyard Cambodia <1% poultry <1% poultry 99% farms, 90% poultry Indonesia 3.5% poultry, export and national consumption 21.2% poultry 11.8% poultry 63.5% poultry Lao PDR Small 10% poultry 90% poultry Thailand 70-80 % production, export and domestic 10-15% production 5% production Viet Nam Small 20-25% production, few producers 10-15% production, few producers 65% production, possibly 70% of poultry
- 19. Poultry compartmentalisation • Strict biosecurity measures • Comprehensive surveillance program • Traceability • Preventive and control measures for AI
- 20. Strict Biosecurity on Commercial Poultry farms
- 21. Improvement of bio-security of backyard poultry 21
- 22. Improvement of bio-security of duck farms 22
- 23. Road control and GPS tracing (From Farm to SLH) Farm SLH
- 24. AI Reporting System Online Report RK1 Verified RK1 (Suspected cases) Positive confirm case Daily Report Result ND and AI Samples Verified
- 25. Targeted groups on surveillance • Poultry in compartmentalized farms • Poultry on GAP certified farms • Poultry on pre-GAP certified farm • Native poultry or fighting cocks with basic biosecurity • Backyard poultry • Free grazing ducks • Natural and wild migratory birds
- 26. Timeframe of surveillance in poultry Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Cloacal swab -Backyard poultry - Free-grazing duck (cloacal swab & serum) Serum - Breeders poultry - Poultry in buffer zone - Native chicken/ fighting cocks/pet birds Serum - Breeders poultry - Poultry in buffer zone - Native chicken/ fighting cocks/pet birds Cloacal swab - Breeder - Poultry in buffer zone - Breed and layer farms - Native chicken/ fighting cocks/pet birds Routine clinical and routine laboratory surveillance Intensive Active sur. 26 Cloacal swab - Breeders - Poultry in buffer zone - Broiler and layer farms -Native chicken/ fighting cocks/pet birds Intensive active clinical sur. Cloacal swab - Backyard poultry - Free-grazing duck (cloacal swab & serum)
- 27. 0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 900,000 1,000,000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 150,648 253,960 900,337 788,611 814,932 733,290 576,552 504,902 763,855 214,495 239,037 271,184 National Avian Influenza Surveillance in Poultry of Thailand (Sampling of cloacal and tracheal swabs) No.samples 27Pre-slaughterhouse and pre-movement testing samples excluded
- 28. 5 km radius Sampling 20 cloacal swabs in an affected farm/village Outer 5 km radius on clinical surveillance HPAI 5 km. 5 km. 10 km. radius Movement Prohibition for 30 daysRestocking after 90 days of stamping-out the last animals and disinfecting completion Outbreak response 10 km. 28
- 29. We can make CHANGES Together, we can bring more trusts and better collaboration. CRISIS is an opportunity
- 30. PVS brings CHANGES PVS Gap Analysis, 2014 Progress and outcomes of PVS Pathway PVS Evaluation, 2012
- 31. A lack of veterinarians at field level (district level), A lack of regulatory control over veterinary drug sales and their use (outside of GAP certified farms), Domestic food safety in smaller slaughtering establishments, milk collecting centres needs more attention in order to guarantee the same high quality as the exports, Technical independence to be improved, Some gaps in disease control programmes, Capacity and authority of the VSB Major gaps of PVS Evaluation
- 32. In 2013-2015, 280 new veterinarians were recruited to work at the DLD district level. The Royal Thai Government approved a 10-year recruitment plan of 1,000 official vets. Public-private partnership in VS (delegation of the authority to private sector) 10-year plan of veterinarian recruitment 126 127 27 20 25 39 63 56 99 121 154 143 117 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Currently there are 956 vets out of 10,627 DLD staff
- 33. 35 Dairy Herd Health Units (DHHUs) at the District Level (Mass and Focus) One Team: 2-3 veterinarians, 1-2 animal husbandry technicians Enhancing GAP and GMP system in dairy sector Increasing additional tasks of field vets in the future
- 34. Twinning Program on Laboratories (Brucellosis / EID)
- 35. Bridging WHO and OIE tools for the assessment of national capacities
- 36. What are the WHO IHR Monitoring Framework and the OIE PVS Pathway? Lessons Learnt from the National Workshop on IHR/PVS Assessment
- 37. Sharing the same goals, Having the same competencies and capacities to be improved, Being friends (IHR/PVS) for sometime, Talking the same language Our similarities How to work together? bring a concept to the field level?
- 38. 8 Core Capacities • Legislation and Policy • Coordination • Surveillance • Response • Preparedness • Risk Communications • Human Resources • Laboratory Potential hazards • Infectious pathogen • Zoonotic pathogen and food safety • Chemical hazards • Radio nuclear hazards Events at Points of Entry Human, physical and financial resources (14 cc) - Technical staffing - Competencies - Continuing education - Coordination - Structure stability - Resource - Funding etc. Technical authority and capability (18 cc) - Laboratory - Risk analysis - Border security - Epidemiological surveillance - Response - Food safety -Vet biologicals etc. Interaction with stakeholders (7 cc) - Communication - Consultation with stakeholders - Official representation - Accreditation/ delegation - Participation - VSB etc. Access to markets (8 cc) - Legislation - Implementation of legislation - International harmonisation and Certification - Transparency -Comparmentalisation - Zoning etc. Fundamental Components and Competencies Core Capacities PVS Evaluation Tool IHR Monitoring Framework
- 39. Some initiatives to tackle main health issues: Together, we have learnt many lessons: Rabies, HPAI, SARS, MERS, Antimicrobial resistance, etc.
- 40. Working together: Village Animal Health and Public Health Volunteers 40Village Health Volunteer
- 41. Database for daily suspected case report Name & ID Address Poultry type No. of Sick /Dead/Destroy Signs Sick Date Activities Sample ID Signs Activities District Province Date Sharing information between animal and public health services
- 42. SURVEILLANCE NETWORK (One Health) District Livestock Officer Provincial level District level Sub- district level Village Chief of village/ Livestock volunteer/ Poultry owner Public Health Volunteer / Suspected patient (s) Subdistrict Administration Organization District Public Health Office / Hospital Subdistrict Health Unit Provincial Livestock Office HPAI Task Force District Gov. (Head) Provincial Public Health Office / Hospital Provincial level District level Sub- district level Village HPAI Task Force Prov. Gov. (Supervisor) Subdistrict Livestock Assistant 42
- 43. ‘One Health Approach’ at provincial level ‘One Health Committee’ at provincial level established Regular meeting organized ‘One Health’ Coordinating Center at provincial level Clear roles and responsibilities identified Chain of command and coordination mechanism (Clear flow chart) for public health emergency response Joint Surveillance and Rapid Response Team (SRRT) between animal and public health sectors Joint investigation for Brucellosis and Streptococcus suis infection, etc
- 44. 44 Vet in Actions - Various Trainings Field Epidemiology Training Programme (FETP) for Veterinarians (FETPV)
- 45. Prevention and Control Working Group through ‘One Health Approach’ - Rabies
- 46. Prevention and Control Working Group through ‘One Health Approach’ - Brucellosis
- 47. From Recommendations to Actions: to achieve the quality of PHS and VS Challenging, transforming and empowering. Better quality and safety of lives Act locally, impact globally
- 48. Disease priorities in Asia and the Pacific Region • OIE Official recognition of PPR, AHS free • Self-declaration free of HPAI • OIE Official endorsement of FMD National Control Program • SEACFMD Free Zone in the eastern region of Thailand • Rabies control and elimination program • OIE Official recognition of CBPP, BSE, CSF free (on-going process)
- 49. FMD free zone
- 50. • OIE Reference Laboratory for FMD, RRL Pakchong • OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, NIAH Bangkok • OIE Collaborating Center for Capacity Building of Veterinary Services
- 51. Keep walking
- 52. Thank you… Dean Consortium of Veterinary Medicine