Nutrition and feeding of native pig

Nutrition & Feeding
of Native Pigs
Dr. Ronilo O. de Castro
Swine ISP Manager
Native Pig Short Course Training
DPITC, DOST-PCAARRD, Los Banos, Laguna
September 12-13, 2019ISO 9001:2015

Introduction
• Nutrition – providing balanced diet (in adequate amount
and optimum proportions)
• Feeds is the largest cost in animal production
• To maximize productivity and minimize cost - the amount
of nutrients in the feed should meet the nutrient
requirement of the animal
nutrient supply = nutrient demand
• Nutrient demand
– Growth
– Reproduction (breeding, lactation)
– Maintenance

Introduction
• Important to consider:
Nutrient content of feed ingredients/materials
(digestibility)
Nutrient requirement of animal at different
stages of growth/production
 Mycotoxin contamination and antinutritional
content
• Accurate and precise feed formulation is the
key

“Native pigs are known to have the capability
to utilize low quality feed materials”
“Hinde maselan pakainin”

Native pigs are believe to have higher digestive
capacity in the gastro-intestinal tract and higher
microbial activity in the hindgut than improved pigs,
which is important for degradation of dietary fiber
Bach Knudsen and Hansen
1991; Jørgensen et al. 1996;
Freire et al. 2000

General Feeding Practices
• Nutrition
– Combination of concentrate (mix feed) and forage
or other feed materials
– Twice feeding per day
– Supplementation of trichantera and forages and
other farm by-products

Feeding Practices*
• Sows and Boars
– 1-1.5 kgs of mixed feed per day
– Supplemented with other feed
materials e.g. forages, root crops
and vegetable rejects etc.
– Additional feed is given to lactating
sows
• Suckling piglets (10-45 days)
– Ad-libitum feeding of hog starter
mash
– Supplemented with rice bran,
copra, root crops, trichantera etc.
*BAR-BAI-NSPRDC. General Guide. Pag-aalaga ng Native na Baboy

Feeding Practices*
• Weaner/grower (2 - 5
months)
– 0.3 – 1.0 kg of mixed feed
per day
– Supplemented with other
feed materials e.g.
forages, root crops and
vegetable rejects etc.
Provide clean drinking water at all times

• A variety of feeds/feed materials can be given to the native pigs
‘daliri’
copradarak

• Fermented feed (forage/plant based)
• FPJ – fermented plant juice
• FFJ – fermented fruit juice
• Cooked rootcrops (gabi, pongapong,
kamote)

Sample mixed feed by BAI-NSPRDC
Slide courtesy of Dr. R. Santiago

Slide courtesy of Dr. R. Santiago
Sample mixed feed by BAI-NSPRDC
Ingredients Quantity, kg P/kg Total Cost
Darak 35 8 280
Corn 32 18 576
Copra 27.7 15 415.5
Molasses 3 20 60
Limestone 2 12 24
Salt 0.30 15 4.5
Others Ad-libitum
Total 100 P1,355.95 o
P13.56/kg
Pakain para sa Grower (2 buwan edad pataas) (BAI-NSPRDC, 2014)

Recommendation
• Sows and Boars
– Low cost breeder mash or rice bran
• Suckling piglets
– Low cost starter mash
– Provide easy to digest feed
• Weaners/growers
– Low cost grower mash or rice bran

Recommendation:
Establish forage production
area to have sustainable
supply of feed and minimize
feed cost

Unpublished data. Garcia, 2019

Unpublished data. Garcia, 2019
• Trichantera has
similar
digestibility with
soybean meal
• AA in trichantera
are highly
digestible

• DE and ME values determined for yellow corn are
greater in Philippine native pigs than commercial pigs
(Garcia, 2019)
• Calcium requirement for growing Philippine native
pigs (20 to 40 kg) is 0.53% (Garcia, 2019)
• Phosphorus requirement for growing Philippine
native pigs (20 to 40 kg) is 0.25% (Garcia, 2019)
• The optimal ratio for standardized ileal digestible
Lys: ME ratio for 20 to 40 kg Black Tiaong pigs is
2.82 (Villanueva and Sulabo, 2018)
Latest Research Findings

Thank you for your attention
Photo credits:
RC Santiago
RM Panaligan
AM Monleon

Nutrition and feeding of native pig