This document discusses hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. It defines hyperthyroidism as excess secretion of thyroid hormones T3 and T4, listing common causes like Graves' disease. Symptoms of Graves' disease are then outlined. Tests for diagnosing hyperthyroidism include TSH, T3 and T4 levels, ultrasonography, and radioactive iodine uptake. Treatment options like antithyroid medications and thyroidectomy are also mentioned. Hypothyroidism is defined as a deficiency of thyroid hormones. Its symptoms and diagnostic tests and treatments are briefly covered as well. Nursing care guidelines for patients with hyperthyroidism are provided.

1. JASMI MANU
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
OBS/GYN DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF NURSING ,RAMA UNIVERSITY

4. Definition :
Hyperthyroism is the
second prevalent endocrine
disorder . Excess secretion of T3
& T4 lead to this condition .

5. 1. Grave’s disease due to thyroid stimulating
antibodies .
2. Nodular thyroid disease .
3. Sub-acute thyroiditis .
4. Hyperemesis Gravidarum .
5. Trophoblastic disease .
6. Getting too much iodine .
7. Taking large amount of thyroid hormone .

6. GRAVES DISEASE

7.  Fatigue .
 Frequent bowel
movement.
 Goiter .
 Increase appetite .
 Heat intolerance.
 Increased sweating .
 Nervousness .
 Restlessness .
 Difficulty concentration .
 Weight lose .
 Clammy skin .
 High Blood Pressure .
 Nausea and vomiting .
 Exophthalmos .
 Pounding , rapid or
irregular pulse .
 Palpitation .
 Weakness .
 Difficulty in sleeping .

8. ◊ TSH [ Thyroid Stimulating
Hormone] level .
◊ T3 & T4 level .
◊ Ultrasonagraphy .
◊ Radioactive iodine uptake .

9. ULTRASONOGRAPHY

10. I)Medical Management .
a . Antithyroid drug .
e.g.Propylthiouracil
Methimazole
Carbimazole .
b. β-blockers .
e.g. Propranolol .
II) Surgical
Management .
a . Thyroidectomy .

11. Definition :
Deficiency of thyroid
hormone secretion result in
hypothyrodism .

12.  Autoimmune thyroiditis .
 Atrophy of thyroid gland .
 Therapy for hyperthyroidism :
a. Radioactive iodine .
b. Thyroidectomy .

13.  Fatigue
 Weakness
 Weight Gain
 Coarse Dry Hair
 Dry ,rough pale skin
 Cold intolerance
 Muscle cramp & frequent muscle aches
 Constipation
 Irritability
 Memory loss

14.  Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
 Free T4
 Total T3

15.  Pre-eclampsia
 Anemia
 Infertility
 Myxedema
 Peripheral Neuropathy

16.  Administer prescribed antithyroid medication .
 If iodine is part of treatment mix it with milk , juice or
water , to prevent gastrointestinal distress & give it
through a straw to prevent tooth discoloration .
 Avoid excessive palpation of the thyroid this can precipitate
thyroid storm .
 Minimize physical & emotional distress .
 Measure neck circumference daily , to check for progression
of thyroid enlargement .

17.  Imbalanced nutrition , less than body requirements related
to exaggerated metabolic rate , excessive & increased GI
activity .
 Ineffective coping related to irritability difficulty in
concentration & emotional instability .
 Activity intolerance related to fatigue & depres-
sed cognitive process
 Constipation related to depressed gastrointestinal
function.
 Risk for imbalance body temperature.

18. Thank
you