This document discusses key aspects of thorax radiology including positioning for PA and AP views, assessing heart size, visibility of anatomical structures like the scapulae, lungs zones, and measurements like cardiothoracic ratio. It provides guidance on evaluating rotation, inspiration, and penetration on chest x-rays as well as identifying structures like the lobe of azygos vein and aortic knuckle.

1. THORAX
RADIOLOGY

2. P A VIEW

4. A P VIEW

5. LATERAL DECUBITUS POSITION

6. P A VIEW A P VIEW

7. A P VIEW
• Heart size is exaggerated
P A VIEW
• The apparent heart size is nearer
to the real size

8. The edges of the scapulae are
retracted laterally with only a
small portion projected over each
lung.
The scapulae are not retracted
laterally and they remain
projected over each lung.

9. • R - Rotation - Spinous processes
at midpoint between medial
ends of the clavicles
• I - Inspiration - 5 to 7 anterior
ribs intersecting the diaphragm
in the mid-clavicular line
• P - Penetration - Spine visible
behind the heart

12. LUNG ZONES

13. LOBE OF AZYGOS VEIN

14. COSTOPHRENIC ANGLE

16. CARDIOTHORACIC RATIO

17. AORTIC KNUCKLE

18. RIBS

23. THANK
YOU
- Dr. Athira P A