This newsletter discusses various issues impacting the oceans including the costs of recreational fishing, excessive consumerism and global warming. It provides 3 actions readers can take to help save the oceans: make sustainable seafood choices, use fewer plastic products, and help take care of beaches by cleaning up trash. The newsletter encourages supporting organizations that protect the ocean and educating oneself on ocean and marine life issues.
The document summarizes the case for ending Hawaii's reef wildlife trade. It discusses the history of the trade and increasing concerns about its impacts on fish populations and coral reef ecosystems. While the aquarium trade provides some economic benefits, it employs fewer than 100 collectors and generates only $1.2 million annually compared to the billions in value provided by reef wildlife viewing. Overcollection has led to population declines and local extinctions of many targeted species, especially endemic species. The document calls for supporting efforts to ban the reef wildlife trade in Hawaii to protect these vital ecosystems.
The document discusses the negative environmental impacts of meat production and consumption, including the inefficient use of resources and pollution of land, water, and air. It cites several scientific studies and organizations that have found livestock farming, especially cattle raising, is one of the most significant contributors to environmental problems globally. The conclusion states that choosing not to patronize the meat industry is the single best thing individuals can do to help the sustainability of the ecosystem, more so than any other industry. Reducing meat consumption would help address issues of land use, pollution, fossil fuel use, and food supply.
The document analyzes the impacts of drift gillnet fishing off the California coast. It finds that the fishery produces high rates of bycatch, catching over 17,000 marine animals from 2005-2015 while only keeping around 11,000. Though the size of the fishery and rates of bycatch have decreased in recent years, 30% bycatch is still considered high. Data from National Observer Program reports show the fishery catches many species of concern, including endangered whales, sea turtles, sharks and dolphins. While regulations have aimed to reduce impacts, conflicts remain due to the fishery's threats to biodiversity and protected species.
This document discusses shark finning, which involves removing sharks' fins and discarding their bodies at sea. Shark finning is driven by demand for shark fin soup, especially in Asia, and results in the deaths of 73 million sharks annually. While laws banning shark finning have been implemented in many places, the practice continues illegally and threatens shark populations due to sharks' slow reproduction. Both conservationists and some cultural groups debate these laws, which aim to preserve shark ecosystems while some see them as discriminatory. The document argues awareness of threats to sharks could help reduce demand and protect shark populations.
- MPAs are marine protected areas where human activity is restricted to conserve natural resources. They are defined by local ordinances and laws.
- While the number of MPAs in Southeast Asia has increased, connecting them across ASEAN member countries remains a challenge.
- Overfishing and illegal wildlife trade are reducing shark populations and costing the Philippines an estimated $12 million annually.
Waterbird Conservation for the AmericasSotirakou964
This document provides a framework for conserving waterbird populations throughout the Americas. It sets broad goals such as advocating continent-wide monitoring, regional conservation planning, and national/local action. The plan aims to weave together resources, science, and stakeholders to achieve sustainable waterbird populations and habitat management across their ranges. It emphasizes initial priorities like seabirds and colonial nesters in northern areas, with plans to expand coverage over time. Implementation will rely on partnerships across geographic and organizational boundaries to coordinate waterbird conservation efforts internationally, nationally, regionally, and locally throughout the Americas.
Aquarium collecting for the U.S. mainland aquarium hobby has decimated Hawaii reefs. Learn about the impacts and what you can do to help protect Hawaii reefs and wildlife from the aquarium trade.
This document discusses environmental psychology and various environmental issues affecting the earth. It defines environmental psychology as the study of how humans interact with and affect their surrounding environment. It then covers several topics within environmental psychology, including water pollution, deforestation, man-made disasters, overpopulation, and global warming. For each topic, it provides background information on causes and effects, as well as potential solutions to address these environmental problems.
The document summarizes the case for ending Hawaii's reef wildlife trade. It discusses the history of the trade and increasing concerns about its impacts on fish populations and coral reef ecosystems. While the aquarium trade provides some economic benefits, it employs fewer than 100 collectors and generates only $1.2 million annually compared to the billions in value provided by reef wildlife viewing. Overcollection has led to population declines and local extinctions of many targeted species, especially endemic species. The document calls for supporting efforts to ban the reef wildlife trade in Hawaii to protect these vital ecosystems.
The document discusses the negative environmental impacts of meat production and consumption, including the inefficient use of resources and pollution of land, water, and air. It cites several scientific studies and organizations that have found livestock farming, especially cattle raising, is one of the most significant contributors to environmental problems globally. The conclusion states that choosing not to patronize the meat industry is the single best thing individuals can do to help the sustainability of the ecosystem, more so than any other industry. Reducing meat consumption would help address issues of land use, pollution, fossil fuel use, and food supply.
The document analyzes the impacts of drift gillnet fishing off the California coast. It finds that the fishery produces high rates of bycatch, catching over 17,000 marine animals from 2005-2015 while only keeping around 11,000. Though the size of the fishery and rates of bycatch have decreased in recent years, 30% bycatch is still considered high. Data from National Observer Program reports show the fishery catches many species of concern, including endangered whales, sea turtles, sharks and dolphins. While regulations have aimed to reduce impacts, conflicts remain due to the fishery's threats to biodiversity and protected species.
This document discusses shark finning, which involves removing sharks' fins and discarding their bodies at sea. Shark finning is driven by demand for shark fin soup, especially in Asia, and results in the deaths of 73 million sharks annually. While laws banning shark finning have been implemented in many places, the practice continues illegally and threatens shark populations due to sharks' slow reproduction. Both conservationists and some cultural groups debate these laws, which aim to preserve shark ecosystems while some see them as discriminatory. The document argues awareness of threats to sharks could help reduce demand and protect shark populations.
- MPAs are marine protected areas where human activity is restricted to conserve natural resources. They are defined by local ordinances and laws.
- While the number of MPAs in Southeast Asia has increased, connecting them across ASEAN member countries remains a challenge.
- Overfishing and illegal wildlife trade are reducing shark populations and costing the Philippines an estimated $12 million annually.
Waterbird Conservation for the AmericasSotirakou964
This document provides a framework for conserving waterbird populations throughout the Americas. It sets broad goals such as advocating continent-wide monitoring, regional conservation planning, and national/local action. The plan aims to weave together resources, science, and stakeholders to achieve sustainable waterbird populations and habitat management across their ranges. It emphasizes initial priorities like seabirds and colonial nesters in northern areas, with plans to expand coverage over time. Implementation will rely on partnerships across geographic and organizational boundaries to coordinate waterbird conservation efforts internationally, nationally, regionally, and locally throughout the Americas.
Aquarium collecting for the U.S. mainland aquarium hobby has decimated Hawaii reefs. Learn about the impacts and what you can do to help protect Hawaii reefs and wildlife from the aquarium trade.
This document discusses environmental psychology and various environmental issues affecting the earth. It defines environmental psychology as the study of how humans interact with and affect their surrounding environment. It then covers several topics within environmental psychology, including water pollution, deforestation, man-made disasters, overpopulation, and global warming. For each topic, it provides background information on causes and effects, as well as potential solutions to address these environmental problems.
Đề Tiếng Anh 12 cơ bản unit 9 có đáp án - VipLam.NetThùy Linh
The document provides a multiple choice quiz about deserts. It contains questions testing understanding of vocabulary related to desert environments, such as different landforms and plant life found in deserts. It also includes questions about classifying and defining deserts based on factors like average annual precipitation levels. The questions cover topics such as the location and size of major deserts, how plants and animals have adapted to desert conditions, and hazards faced by humans in hot and cold desert environments.
The document discusses the history and impacts of whaling. It notes that while whaling was once an important industry, unregulated commercial whaling drove many whale species to endangerment or extinction due to overhunting. Today, some countries like Japan, Norway, and Iceland still engage in limited whaling despite an international ban, and whale populations remain threatened. Protecting whales is important for maintaining ocean biodiversity and ecosystem balance.
This document summarizes a meeting to discuss protecting wild brook trout populations in Rhode Island. It outlines the decline of brook trout populations due to threats like degraded habitat and introduced species. It proposes establishing an experimental management area in the upper Wood River watershed to protect brook trout by restricting fishing methods and ending stocking of non-native trout. Public opinion surveys and existing trout conservation models in other states support this approach. Protecting brook trout could also provide economic benefits from increased tourism. Action is needed to prevent brook trout from becoming further endangered in Rhode Island.
THREATS AND CONSERVATION OF TERESTIAL AND AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY Sahil Jain
This document provides a summary of threats to terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity and approaches for conservation. It discusses how human activities like habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation are reducing biodiversity on land and in water. Specific threats include deforestation, agricultural intensification, urban expansion, invasive species, climate change, and pollution from development. The document then outlines approaches to conserve biodiversity like protecting habitats through reserves, restoring degraded areas, sustainable land and water management, reducing pollution, and increasing environmental awareness.
The annual report summarizes activities of the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission and member tribes in 2022. Key points include: Lorraine Loomis, a longtime chairperson, passed away and Ed Johnstone was selected to fill her term. A statue of Billy Frank Jr. will represent Washington state in the U.S. Capitol. Salmon fisheries faced restrictions due to declining stocks. Tribes continued to manage shellfish harvests through agreements. The Quinault Indian Nation opened razor clam digs when toxins subsided. The Nisqually Tribe is testing use of cedar boughs to attract herring.
This document summarizes discussions from the Center for Environmental Concerns Philippines' (CEC) monthly educational program "Talakayan sa Kubo". In October, the discussion focused on food security and the situation of Philippine peasants, with a representative from Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas stating that the country's agrarian policies are worsening poverty and hunger. In December, the discussion centered on human rights issues in the Philippines, with a representative from Karapatan saying President Aquino's reform agenda resembles the repressive previous administration. The document also provides statistics on extrajudicial killings under the former president.
Aquatic macrophytes functions in several ways in water bodies, they are critical to Niger Delta inland waters because they enhance the physical structure of the habitat which serves as living space for small aquatic animals and play a vital role in fisheries production. Macrophytes play an important role in the aquatic environment but unfortunately very little attention is being directed towards the conservation of these aquatic resources and they can get out of control and create problems when they are not properly managed. This paper examines common aquatic macrophytes in Niger Delta in Nigeria with emphasis on benefits, problems and also proffers best practices for adequately managing the macrrophytes in Niger Delta inland waters.
Irrigation for A Growing World: the Intelligent Use of WaterFarica46m
This document discusses options for addressing the global water crisis. It begins by outlining the basic problems of limited fresh water availability and increasing population and consumption. Some options presented to address water scarcity include water re-pricing to reflect true costs, water reuse, desalination, water transfers and delivery improvements, alternative plant selection, and conservation through efficient irrigation. Water-efficient irrigation technologies in particular are highlighted as having potential to significantly decrease agricultural and landscape water use while maintaining productivity.
This document discusses how Florida's wildlife may be impacted if the state's population doubles to 36 million by 2060 as predicted. Key points:
- An estimated 7 million acres of land, equivalent to the size of Vermont, could be converted from rural to urban uses, destroying 2.7 million acres of native habitat.
- Many species would lose significant portions of their habitat, such as gopher tortoises potentially losing 20% of their current range.
- Remaining conservation lands would become more isolated as development surrounds them, making it difficult for wide-ranging animals to move safely between habitats.
- Fragmented and isolated habitats would be harder to manage, invasive species would spread more easily, and
Financing Nature: Closing the global biodiversity financing gapSarah Bergs
2. Deutz, A., Heal, G.M., Niu, R., Swanson, E., Townshend, T., Zhu, L., Delmar, A., et al. (2020), Financing Nature: Closing the global biodiversity financing gap, The Paulson Institute, The Nature Conservancy, and Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability.
1) The document discusses several threats facing marine life and ocean ecosystems, including overfishing, pollution, climate change, and habitat destruction from human activity. These factors are causing populations of sharks, whales, and other marine species to decline drastically.
2) Specifically, shark fin soup trade in Asia is responsible for killing over 1 million hammerhead sharks per year through finning. Discarded fishing gear also causes "ghost fishing" that non-selectively traps and kills millions of other marine animals.
3) Pollution from plastics, chemicals, and noise are toxic and disrupt communication for marine life. Rising CO2 levels are acidifying oceans and harming shellfish and plankton. These threats could transform
This document is the 2019 annual report from the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission (NWIFC). It provides summaries of NWIFC's work in 2019 related to hatchery management, habitat management, harvest management of various fisheries, wildlife management, and regional collaboration on issues like forest management, ocean resources, water resources and Puget Sound recovery. It also discusses key issues and events in 2019 like a Supreme Court victory on culvert repair, agreement on fisheries management, concerns about water quality standards and tribal habitat strategy called gw∂dzadad.
This annual report from the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission summarizes their work in 2021 managing natural resources in Western Washington through co-management with the state. It discusses declining salmon returns leading to reduced fishing opportunities, as well as efforts to protect and restore riparian habitat. It also covers impacts of seal and sea lion predation on salmon, COVID-19 impacts on tribal fisheries and economies, and the 50th anniversary of the "Fish Wars" that led to upholding treaty fishing rights in the Boldt decision.
The United States has made progress on environmental protection through laws and regulations since the 1970s, but still has work to do. While manufacturing companies now comply with environmental regulations and recycling has increased, issues like conserving water and protecting wildlife still require long-term comprehensive planning. In response, many cities and universities have formed sustainability offices and adopted green plans using new technologies. However, continued highway expansion promotes sprawl and vehicle emissions, threatening species through habitat loss and collisions. More sustainable transportation options like light rail are needed.
This document discusses biodiversity and ecosystems. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life forms within an ecosystem or planet. Biodiversity is important because it supports ecosystem functions like decomposition and provides resources like food, medicine, and oxygen. Ecosystems are physical environments shared by living organisms. While biodiversity loss originated through natural causes, the current extinction rate is 100 times higher than the natural rate due to human activities like habitat destruction. Potential future issues from loss of biodiversity include increased pollution, extinction of more species, decreased food supplies, and increased diseases. Politics, culture, population growth, and lack of environmental regulations can exacerbate biodiversity loss.
Lavides et al 2016_reef fish disappearances Philippines_Plos One.PDFMargarita Lavides
This document summarizes a research article that uses fishers' knowledge to infer patterns of disappearance of coral reef finfish species in five marine biodiversity areas in the Philippines. Through interviews with over 2,600 fishers, the study identified 59 finfish species that have disappeared from catches between the 1950s and 2014. Five species that were reported to have zero catches by the most fishers were analyzed in more detail. Statistical models estimated an 88% decline in the catch of green bumphead parrotfish, an 82% decline in humphead wrasse, a 66% decline in African pompano, a 74% decline in giant grouper, and a 64% decline in mangrove red snapper based on
The 2020 annual report from the Treaty Indian Tribes in Western Washington summarizes tribal natural resource management activities over the past year, including:
1) Salmon harvest was reduced due to low returns, while shellfish and marine fish harvest was managed through cooperative agreements.
2) Habitat, hatchery, wildlife, and forest management programs were ongoing, while concerns remained regarding implementation of the culvert case ruling and potential rollbacks to water quality standards.
3) Regional collaboration on issues like orca recovery, salmon habitat protection, and pinniped management continued through groups like the Billy Frank Jr. Salmon Coalition.
The illegal wildlife trade is devastating iconic animal species like rhinos, tigers, and elephants. It has become a multi-billion dollar criminal industry. Poaching is killing thousands of these animals each year to meet the growing demand for their parts in traditional medicines and products. This illegal trade threatens not only these species but also the environment and security of people who live near them. Conservation groups and individuals are working to curb demand and strengthen laws against poaching and trafficking to help protect endangered wildlife.
The world's population exceeded 7 billion in 2011 and is projected to increase by 40% over the next 40 years. Egypt's population grew rapidly from 20 million in 1948 to 80 million in 2011, adding 20 million people every 20 years. Rapid population growth is increasing environmental pollution like air, water, noise, and waste as finite resources are used up more quickly and fossil fuels are burned, releasing greenhouse gases.
Đề Tiếng Anh 12 cơ bản unit 9 có đáp án - VipLam.NetThùy Linh
The document provides a multiple choice quiz about deserts. It contains questions testing understanding of vocabulary related to desert environments, such as different landforms and plant life found in deserts. It also includes questions about classifying and defining deserts based on factors like average annual precipitation levels. The questions cover topics such as the location and size of major deserts, how plants and animals have adapted to desert conditions, and hazards faced by humans in hot and cold desert environments.
The document discusses the history and impacts of whaling. It notes that while whaling was once an important industry, unregulated commercial whaling drove many whale species to endangerment or extinction due to overhunting. Today, some countries like Japan, Norway, and Iceland still engage in limited whaling despite an international ban, and whale populations remain threatened. Protecting whales is important for maintaining ocean biodiversity and ecosystem balance.
This document summarizes a meeting to discuss protecting wild brook trout populations in Rhode Island. It outlines the decline of brook trout populations due to threats like degraded habitat and introduced species. It proposes establishing an experimental management area in the upper Wood River watershed to protect brook trout by restricting fishing methods and ending stocking of non-native trout. Public opinion surveys and existing trout conservation models in other states support this approach. Protecting brook trout could also provide economic benefits from increased tourism. Action is needed to prevent brook trout from becoming further endangered in Rhode Island.
THREATS AND CONSERVATION OF TERESTIAL AND AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY Sahil Jain
This document provides a summary of threats to terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity and approaches for conservation. It discusses how human activities like habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation are reducing biodiversity on land and in water. Specific threats include deforestation, agricultural intensification, urban expansion, invasive species, climate change, and pollution from development. The document then outlines approaches to conserve biodiversity like protecting habitats through reserves, restoring degraded areas, sustainable land and water management, reducing pollution, and increasing environmental awareness.
The annual report summarizes activities of the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission and member tribes in 2022. Key points include: Lorraine Loomis, a longtime chairperson, passed away and Ed Johnstone was selected to fill her term. A statue of Billy Frank Jr. will represent Washington state in the U.S. Capitol. Salmon fisheries faced restrictions due to declining stocks. Tribes continued to manage shellfish harvests through agreements. The Quinault Indian Nation opened razor clam digs when toxins subsided. The Nisqually Tribe is testing use of cedar boughs to attract herring.
This document summarizes discussions from the Center for Environmental Concerns Philippines' (CEC) monthly educational program "Talakayan sa Kubo". In October, the discussion focused on food security and the situation of Philippine peasants, with a representative from Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas stating that the country's agrarian policies are worsening poverty and hunger. In December, the discussion centered on human rights issues in the Philippines, with a representative from Karapatan saying President Aquino's reform agenda resembles the repressive previous administration. The document also provides statistics on extrajudicial killings under the former president.
Aquatic macrophytes functions in several ways in water bodies, they are critical to Niger Delta inland waters because they enhance the physical structure of the habitat which serves as living space for small aquatic animals and play a vital role in fisheries production. Macrophytes play an important role in the aquatic environment but unfortunately very little attention is being directed towards the conservation of these aquatic resources and they can get out of control and create problems when they are not properly managed. This paper examines common aquatic macrophytes in Niger Delta in Nigeria with emphasis on benefits, problems and also proffers best practices for adequately managing the macrrophytes in Niger Delta inland waters.
Irrigation for A Growing World: the Intelligent Use of WaterFarica46m
This document discusses options for addressing the global water crisis. It begins by outlining the basic problems of limited fresh water availability and increasing population and consumption. Some options presented to address water scarcity include water re-pricing to reflect true costs, water reuse, desalination, water transfers and delivery improvements, alternative plant selection, and conservation through efficient irrigation. Water-efficient irrigation technologies in particular are highlighted as having potential to significantly decrease agricultural and landscape water use while maintaining productivity.
This document discusses how Florida's wildlife may be impacted if the state's population doubles to 36 million by 2060 as predicted. Key points:
- An estimated 7 million acres of land, equivalent to the size of Vermont, could be converted from rural to urban uses, destroying 2.7 million acres of native habitat.
- Many species would lose significant portions of their habitat, such as gopher tortoises potentially losing 20% of their current range.
- Remaining conservation lands would become more isolated as development surrounds them, making it difficult for wide-ranging animals to move safely between habitats.
- Fragmented and isolated habitats would be harder to manage, invasive species would spread more easily, and
Financing Nature: Closing the global biodiversity financing gapSarah Bergs
2. Deutz, A., Heal, G.M., Niu, R., Swanson, E., Townshend, T., Zhu, L., Delmar, A., et al. (2020), Financing Nature: Closing the global biodiversity financing gap, The Paulson Institute, The Nature Conservancy, and Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability.
1) The document discusses several threats facing marine life and ocean ecosystems, including overfishing, pollution, climate change, and habitat destruction from human activity. These factors are causing populations of sharks, whales, and other marine species to decline drastically.
2) Specifically, shark fin soup trade in Asia is responsible for killing over 1 million hammerhead sharks per year through finning. Discarded fishing gear also causes "ghost fishing" that non-selectively traps and kills millions of other marine animals.
3) Pollution from plastics, chemicals, and noise are toxic and disrupt communication for marine life. Rising CO2 levels are acidifying oceans and harming shellfish and plankton. These threats could transform
This document is the 2019 annual report from the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission (NWIFC). It provides summaries of NWIFC's work in 2019 related to hatchery management, habitat management, harvest management of various fisheries, wildlife management, and regional collaboration on issues like forest management, ocean resources, water resources and Puget Sound recovery. It also discusses key issues and events in 2019 like a Supreme Court victory on culvert repair, agreement on fisheries management, concerns about water quality standards and tribal habitat strategy called gw∂dzadad.
This annual report from the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission summarizes their work in 2021 managing natural resources in Western Washington through co-management with the state. It discusses declining salmon returns leading to reduced fishing opportunities, as well as efforts to protect and restore riparian habitat. It also covers impacts of seal and sea lion predation on salmon, COVID-19 impacts on tribal fisheries and economies, and the 50th anniversary of the "Fish Wars" that led to upholding treaty fishing rights in the Boldt decision.
The United States has made progress on environmental protection through laws and regulations since the 1970s, but still has work to do. While manufacturing companies now comply with environmental regulations and recycling has increased, issues like conserving water and protecting wildlife still require long-term comprehensive planning. In response, many cities and universities have formed sustainability offices and adopted green plans using new technologies. However, continued highway expansion promotes sprawl and vehicle emissions, threatening species through habitat loss and collisions. More sustainable transportation options like light rail are needed.
This document discusses biodiversity and ecosystems. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life forms within an ecosystem or planet. Biodiversity is important because it supports ecosystem functions like decomposition and provides resources like food, medicine, and oxygen. Ecosystems are physical environments shared by living organisms. While biodiversity loss originated through natural causes, the current extinction rate is 100 times higher than the natural rate due to human activities like habitat destruction. Potential future issues from loss of biodiversity include increased pollution, extinction of more species, decreased food supplies, and increased diseases. Politics, culture, population growth, and lack of environmental regulations can exacerbate biodiversity loss.
Lavides et al 2016_reef fish disappearances Philippines_Plos One.PDFMargarita Lavides
This document summarizes a research article that uses fishers' knowledge to infer patterns of disappearance of coral reef finfish species in five marine biodiversity areas in the Philippines. Through interviews with over 2,600 fishers, the study identified 59 finfish species that have disappeared from catches between the 1950s and 2014. Five species that were reported to have zero catches by the most fishers were analyzed in more detail. Statistical models estimated an 88% decline in the catch of green bumphead parrotfish, an 82% decline in humphead wrasse, a 66% decline in African pompano, a 74% decline in giant grouper, and a 64% decline in mangrove red snapper based on
The 2020 annual report from the Treaty Indian Tribes in Western Washington summarizes tribal natural resource management activities over the past year, including:
1) Salmon harvest was reduced due to low returns, while shellfish and marine fish harvest was managed through cooperative agreements.
2) Habitat, hatchery, wildlife, and forest management programs were ongoing, while concerns remained regarding implementation of the culvert case ruling and potential rollbacks to water quality standards.
3) Regional collaboration on issues like orca recovery, salmon habitat protection, and pinniped management continued through groups like the Billy Frank Jr. Salmon Coalition.
The illegal wildlife trade is devastating iconic animal species like rhinos, tigers, and elephants. It has become a multi-billion dollar criminal industry. Poaching is killing thousands of these animals each year to meet the growing demand for their parts in traditional medicines and products. This illegal trade threatens not only these species but also the environment and security of people who live near them. Conservation groups and individuals are working to curb demand and strengthen laws against poaching and trafficking to help protect endangered wildlife.
The world's population exceeded 7 billion in 2011 and is projected to increase by 40% over the next 40 years. Egypt's population grew rapidly from 20 million in 1948 to 80 million in 2011, adding 20 million people every 20 years. Rapid population growth is increasing environmental pollution like air, water, noise, and waste as finite resources are used up more quickly and fossil fuels are burned, releasing greenhouse gases.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
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This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
2. Contents:
Letter from the Editor Page 3
The Cost of Recreational Fishing Page 4
Excessive Consumerism & Global Warming Page 7
10 Things You Can Do to Save the Ocean Page 8
Letter from the Editors,
Thank you for your interest in our newsletter, which is dedicated to
educating the public and spreading concern for the preservation of our
planet’s oceans. We hope you find the articles interesting and that they
inspire you spread the word about environmental conservation.
2
3. We also encourage you to visit the websites of our sources, such as the
EPA and National Geographic for more information.
Thank you,
Eric McCroskey & Julio Perez
The Cost of Recreational Fishing – Eric McCroskey
“Give me a fish and I’ll eat for a day. Teach me to
fish and I’ll eat for a lifetime.” The lesson in this
common anecdote has nothing to do with fishing,
so would it be as powerful if it referenced wheat,
corn, or beef? Not if you asked someone from parts
of the world where they do not consume these
products. However, unlike most foods, fish is
consumed in virtually every country, and it has
sustained mankind as a food source since the early
civilizations. And why would we have any reason to
3
4. believe this could change? After all, we see how the weather destroys crops. We see how disease kills
livestock. But what could possibly deplete the vast, endless oceans of fish? For most people, this is the
mindset that leads them to take fish for granted; like water from a faucet. As a result, sport fishing has
become a pastime around the world. In fact, the American Sportfishing Association reports that, in
America alone, recreational fishing creates over a million jobs and has a $125 billion impact on our
economy.
So how does sport fishing fit into the recent crusade of environmentalism? It’s easy to criticize
commercial fishing companies that indiscriminately pull seafood out of the water by the ton. But when
we think of recreational fishing, what usually comes to mind is a retired old man relaxing out on the
lake, or a father taking his young son on his first fishing trip. Unfortunately, this is not a true
representation of what sport fishing has become: a significant threat to the ecosystem of underwater
life, and it is spinning out of control.
Between 2008 and 2009, fishing license sales increased by 11%, and it’s assumed that
unlicensed fishing is growing at an even higher rate. There are a number of reasons for this, like the
growing population of baby boomers reaching retirement, and economic conditions that make
inexpensive activities like fishing popular for families. This should be very alarming when you consider
the fish population is shrinking, not growing - in some areas by as much as 90% over the last 100 years.
An international group of ecologists and economists warned in 2006 that the world will run out of
seafood by 2048 if steep declines in marine life continue at the current rate. This was reported by the
Washington Post and backed by a four year scientific study.
Technology has significantly added to this problem. The days of patiently waiting and hoping to
hook a fish are fading fast, because for about $500 anyone can purchase a sonar computer to locate fish
for them. In 10 years, the technology could be 1/3rd the price. There are also advancements in bait and
lure design that increase the success of catching fish. Products like this are pillars in the multi-billion
dollar sport fishing industry.
So if a serious problem exists, why isn’t the
government stopping it? Unfortunately, the ocean is like
the internet in many ways – it is too big to put in a
supervised box. There are hundreds of laws in place to
protect fish populations from being exploited, but the
government does not have the means to advertise them,
let alone enforce them, in most areas. In fact, if you don’t
go out of your way to research fishing laws on your own,
there is a good chance you could be breaking some. For
example, certain fish can only be caught during certain
times of the year, and fish under a certain weight must be
released. Some areas restrict the type of bait or lures you
can use, the number of fish you can catch, or whether or
not you can fish at all. But if you have ever been fishing,
you probably never even saw a sign listing these rules.
Most of the government’s resources are aimed at large
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5. scale commercial fishing – and for a good reason. The black market for illegal fishing has an estimated
value of $24 Billion. Because of this, sport fishing violations fall through the cracks.
Another major issue with sport fishing is the lack of environmental awareness people have. One
piece of trash, one beer can, or one small oil leak is insignificant in the eyes of the common individual,
and this inability to see the greater picture is often the reason people pollute or litter. Reputable fishing
companies pay close attention to what they leave in the water, and are held responsible for it.
Individuals or families are not. Multiply one incident by millions and a serious problem arises, such as
800,000 tons of trash over the
last 25 years.
People tend to ignore
problems they cannot see, and
the destruction of our planet’s
marine life is one of them. This
isn’t simply an environmental
protection issue, it threatens
human existence as we know it.
Seafood feeds billions of
people every day, and food
shortage is already a global
epidemic. Many people cannot
afford to lose this invaluable
resource. The public must be
made aware of the damage they are causing and sport fishing needs to be reexamined. It is entirely
possible to feed the populations of the world while sustaining the fish population, but it requires a new
way of thinking. But until people realize their food supply may not be there tomorrow, it is unlikely that
we will see any positive changes.
References
American Sportifishing Association – Statistics: http://www.asafishing.org/
Washington Post: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/02/AR2006110200913.html
Environmental Protection Agency: http://www.water.epa.gov
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7. Excessive Consumerism & Global Warming - Julio Perez
Ever since we were kids attending elementary school, not yet knowing the cause and
effects that the consumption of fresh raw materials bring forth, school systems and teachers have
taught us the importance of protecting the Earth's Ozone and ecosystems. I can remember back to
middle school when my science teacher taught us the significance of the Greenhouse effect. The
Greenhouse effect is "...a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by
atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions. (Annex Glossary)" The significance
are these greenhouse gases which are increasing from human activities such as deforestation and the
burning of fossil fuels, contributing to one of the most worrisome and looked at complications of our
time -- Global warming.
These problems of excessive consumerism which lead to a huge impact in the increase
of Global warming are heavily discussed and exposed by filmmaker Annie Leonard in her film The Story
of Stuff. Although the facts brought forth in the film are specifically targeted at excessive consumerism
to that in the United States, it puts in perspective how cruel it is that we as humans are treating mother
Earth. The film's and Annie's main focus revolves around what is known as Materials economy. The
Materials economy is a vicious cycle of this excessive consumerism which goes through the process of
extraction, production, distribution, consumption, and disposal.
The video is divided up into chapters, starting with chapter 1 where Leonard discusses
the process and problems of extraction and also discusses in-short the influences from the government.
She explains how society is flawed because some people are given more opportunity and say than
others are, and that corporations hold more control and attention from the government. This system is
flawed because if do not own or buy a lot of stuff then your beliefs and what you stand up for do not
hold any value. Extraction can be defined as natural resource exploitation, or in others words trashing
the planet. Many conflicts come forth when talking discussing extraction, the bottom line is that the
Earth is running out of resources because we as humans are using too much stuff. We are running out of
resources, in the last decade 1/3 of the world's resource has been consumed (Leonard). It has gotten to
a point where we are pushing the Earth to its limits causing us to get resources from Third World
countries and causing more people to suffer.
Next the process of production is discussed, and in this process things seem to just
become more complicated. In this process of the materials economy, it is best described in that "we use
energy to mix toxic chemicals in with the natural resources to make toxin contaminated products." A
point is made on this topic of production that seems very harsh and inhumane to me. Leonard brings up
the point that it is just not our resources that are being wasted, but also our people. People in the third
world are forced to work with these toxins as a result of degradation of their environment for our
benefit. As far as pollution goes from this process, factories emit over 4 billion pounds of toxic into the
air each year. This is all just simple cause and effect. The erosion of local environments and economies
leaves people with no other economic option but to work (and live) in toxic environments.
After this production of toxic materials, comes the step of moving the materials into
distribution. The goal here is to sell as quickly as possible and keep prices down. “It’s all about
externalizing the costs. What that means is that the real costs of making Stuff aren’t captured in the
price. In other words, we’re not paying for the Stuff we buy.” This chapter of the video is filled with hard
hitting and mind blowing facts. “Guess what percentage of total material flow through this system is still
in product or use six months after their date of sale in North America. 50%? 20%? No, one percent. One.
In other words, 99% of the Stuff we harvest, mine, process, transport – 99% of the Stuff we run through
this system is trashed within 6 months!” It is so simple to add to this problem without even realizing, we
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8. as consumers are influenced to buying these products or this Stuff and so much of it is being produced
that we just keep buying and wasting without even thinking of the effects.
This leads right into the next topic of the film and also one of the most highlighted –
consumption: The heart of the system; the engine that drives it. This is the step of the cycle in which the
materials are kept in motion and keep them flowing. Corporations have a large amount of control over
consumers and they are able to pull into large amounts of consumers, selling large amounts of
materials/product through simple advertisement. It is said that Americans have fallen into this routine
of "working/watching TV/spending money" cycle. For the most part this is true and makes it very simple
for corporations to sell their products because they know that most people will just for the comfort of
having stuff. "Planned obsolescence is another word for ‘designed for the dump.’ It means they actually
make Stuff that is designed to be useless as quickly as possible so we will chuck it and go buy a new one.
It’s obvious with Stuff like plastic bags and coffee cups, but now it’s even big Stuff: mops, DVDs,
cameras, barbeques even, everything!" This is makes it seem that recycling won't even help the effects
of excessive consumerism with all these products simply going to waste. Although recycling should be
more and more influenced in people's everyday life, recycling will never be enough.
Coming to the last chapter of the film -- disposal, and this is where a large amount of
effects from excessive consumerism lead directly to Global warming and also pollution to a large
amount of the Earth's waterways. Today, in our nation over 40 percent of our nation’s rivers are
unfishable, unswimmable, or undrinkable (Leonard). Most materials that are made are produced so that
they cannot be recycled making it so that recycling will never be 100% effective. These types of products
are stuffed in landfills which pollute air, land, and water, and change the climate over time. The toxins
are being released into the air and the effects of greenhouse gases are only increasing.
We all need to wake up and realize the big picture. Every little bit helps, although you
might not see a direct or an immediate effect, steps need to be taken. Governments need to get back to
the morals of "for the people" and stop giving in to the control of corporation only tending to their
benefits and their impact in the economy. We as the people and as consumers need to realize that our
consumption of these products only influence corporations to extract more and more raw materials
enable to provide more product. All of these problems have been created internally, they have been
created by the people and there is no reason that we as people can't take serious steps to create
solutions to put an end to these problems.
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9. 10 Things You Can Do to Save the Ocean
Provided By:
1. Mind Your Carbon Footprint and Reduce Energy Consumption
Reduce the effects of climate change on the ocean by leaving the car at home
when you can and being conscious of your energy use at home and work. A
few things you can do to get started today: Switch to compact fluorescent
light bulbs, take the stairs, and bundle up or use a fan to avoid oversetting your thermostat.
2. Make Safe, Sustainable Seafood Choices
Global fish populations are rapidly being depleted due to demand, loss of habitat, and unsustainable fishing
practices. When shopping or dining out, help reduce the demand for overexploited species by choosing seafood that
is both healthful and sustainable.
3. Use Fewer Plastic Products
Plastics that end up as ocean debris contribute to habitat destruction and entangle and kill tens of thousands of
marine animals each year. To limit your impact, carry a reusable water bottle, store food in nondisposable
containers, bring your own cloth tote or other reusable bag when shopping, and recycle whenever possible.
4. Help Take Care of the Beach
Whether you enjoy diving, surfing, or relaxing on the beach, always clean up after yourself. Explore and appreciate
the ocean without interfering with wildlife or removing rocks and coral. Go even further by encouraging others to
respect the marine environment or by participating in local beach cleanups.
5. Don't Purchase Items That Exploit Marine Life
Certain products contribute to the harming of fragile coral reefs and marine populations. Avoid purchasing items
such as coral jewelry, tortoiseshell hair accessories (made from hawksbill turtles), and shark products.
6. Be an Ocean-Friendly Pet Owner
Read pet food labels and consider seafood sustainability when choosing a diet for your pet. Never flush cat litter,
which can contain pathogens harmful to marine life. Avoid stocking your aquarium with wild-caught saltwater fish,
and never release any aquarium fish into the ocean or other bodies of water, a practice that can introduce non-native
species harmful to the existing ecosystem.
7. Support Organizations Working to Protect the Ocean
Many institutes and organizations are fighting to protect ocean habitats and marine wildlife. Find a national
organization and consider giving financial support or volunteering for hands-on work or advocacy. If you live near
the coast, join up with a local branch or group and get involved in projects close to home.
8. Influence Change in Your Community
Research the ocean policies of public officials before you vote or contact your local representatives to let them know
you support marine conservation projects. Consider patronizing restaurants and grocery stores that offer only
sustainable seafood, and speak up about your concerns if you spot a threatened species on the menu or at the seafood
counter.
9. Travel the Ocean Responsibly
Practice responsible boating, kayaking, and other recreational activities on the water. Never throw anything
overboard, and be aware of marine life in the waters around you. If you’re set on taking a cruise for your next
vacation, do some research to find the most eco-friendly option.
10. Educate Yourself About Oceans and Marine Life
All life on Earth is connected to the ocean and its inhabitants. The more you learn about the issues facing this vital
system, the more you’ll want to help ensure its health—then share that knowledge to educate and inspire others.
Source: http://ocean.nationalgeographic.com/ocean/take-action/10-things-you-can-do-to-save-
the-ocean/
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