These slides basically elaborate the mechanism of thermoreception in insects,thermoreceptors involved in the process and separate mechanism in some of insects that how they percieve the change in temperature.

3. H.Tichy,E.Gingel.(2001) “problems in hygro and thermoreceptors” springer
Heidelberg,newyork :271-287
• THERMORECEPTION
• Process by which different level of heat energy in the
environment and or in body is detected by organisms.
• Insects evolved mechanisms to survive.
• So, rapid detection of environment and body temperature is
important for their survival
• Control of insect body temperature by physiological or
behavioral means indicates presence of thermoreceptors

4. • In insects humidity and temperature receptors usually
present together in a single sensillum
• These receptors are found in antennae of insects
• A typical thermo hygro receptive sensillum contains about 2-5
sensory cells.
• Surrounding cells of sensillum deals with thermoreception.
R.F.Chapman(1998) “The insects; structure and
function”Cambridge university press,UK:524

5. General thermohygro receptive sensillum

6. • THERMORECEPTION IN FRUIT FLIES
• Fruit flies need a quick and efficient system for sensing
dangerous temperatures and escaping
• Fruit flies have “hot” and “cold” thermoreceptor neurons
in their antenna, similar to the ones we have in our skin.
• The “hot cells” are activated by heat while the “cold cells”
are activated by cold.
• Each cell type is also inhibited by the other temperature
B.CHRISTMAN(2015) “breaking research: how brain
recognizes hot and cold”.

8. IN COCKROACHES
• Possess only one type of thermoreceptor
neurons on antennae ,excited by cooling
and inhibited by warming.
• There are about 20 cold receptors per
antenna.
• Each cold receptor consists of a delicate
hair like structure sensillum emerging
from a ring-shaped wall.
• At constant temperatures the cold
receptor is continuously active.
K.Rogers(2016)“thermoreception”encyclopeadia britanica

9. THERMORECEPTION IN
MOSQUOTOES
A pair of antagonistic
thermoreceptive cells is associated
with each of two sensilla located on
the antennal tip of Aedes aegypti

10. • EXPERIMENT:
• Electrode was inserted into the wall between the two
sensilla.
• For example, a rapid temperature change of an air
stream caused the warm cell to respond with a sharp
rise in frequency.
• The cell also responded to a sudden temperature drop.
• The same step-like cooling sharply increased the
frequency of the cold cell.
E. Gingl, A. Hinterwirth, H. Tichy(1 July 2005 ) “Sensory Representation
of Temperature in Mosquito Warm and Cold Cells”Journal of
Neurophysiology :176-185

11. • THERMOSENSITIVE BEHAVIOR OF LOCUSTS
• First movement :it is awakening with the sunrise. Able to
exhibit responses at this time.
• Morning descent: when thermoreceptor sense rise in
temperature they move down from their host plants and bask
• Evening ascent : when temperature drops during evening they
again ascend on surrounding vegetation.
M.Abdullah(1961) “Behavioral Effects of Temperature
on Insects” the Ohio Journal of Science:216-217

12. • IN HONEY BEES
• They learn to associate thermal stimuli with a nectar reward.
• Honeybee foragers returning from a good food source can warm bodies to
higher temperatures, than when returning from less concentrated.
• Elevated temperatures perceived by workers receiving food samples from
these successful foragers, because their antennae contain thermosensitive
sensillae . Honeybees possess paired thermoreceptive antennae.
• when temperatures rise above the thermal optimum of the hive (34°C),
workers stand at the hive entrance and fan their wings to decrease in-hive
temperature.
R Menzel, G. Manz, R Menzel,. &U Greggers.(2001). Massed and
spaced learning in honeybees: 198-208