The Bush era has seen remarkable change in the US foreign policy. After 9/ 11 attacks, President Bush (the son) initiated the Bush Doctrine and started his war on terror which had such implications as the invasion of Afghanistan in 2011, and the invasion of Iraq in 2003.
The Bush era has seen remarkable change in the US foreign policy. After 9/ 11 attacks, President Bush (the son) initiated the Bush Doctrine and started his war on terror which had such implications as the invasion of Afghanistan in 2011, and the invasion of Iraq in 2003.
The US presence in the Middle East can be explained to the fact that it always defends its interets in the region. For, that reason, the US uses divergent means and methods to achieve its ends.
Welsh Consultants publishes- For C-SPAN's most recent Presidential Historians Survey conducted in 2017, nearly 100 historians and biographers rated 43 US presidents. The 2017 C-SPAN survey measured 10 qualities of presidential leadership: public persuasion, crisis leadership, economic management, moral authority, international relations, administrative skills, relations with Congress, vision, pursued equal justice for all, and performance within the context of his times. Historians agree: Abraham Lincoln was the best US president. Scores in each category were then averaged, and the 10 categories were given equal weighting in determining the presidents' total scores. George Washington came in at No. 2, followed by Franklin D. Roosevelt at No. 3. George H. W. Bush ranked at No. 20, beating out his son George W. Bush who came in at No. 33. Other notable commanders in chief included John F. Kennedy at No. 8, Ronald Reagan at No. 9, and Barack Obama at No. 12. Here are the top 25 presidents, according to historians surveyed by C-SPAN. Author, Founder- Manish P
There are several countries that may be foci of wars in the world, including Syria, Palestine, Israel, Iran and North Korea. In the contemporary era, international geopolitical chess points to the existence of three major players: the United States, China and Russia. From the confrontation between these three great military powers in the future, alternatives scenarios to the current may arise that are characterized by the loss of US hegemony on the world stage since the end of the bipolar world confronting the United States and the Soviet Union.
UNITED STATES ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE TO THE PALESTINIAN PEOPLE ziad jaserZiad Jaser
United States Economic Assistance to The Palestinian People
and The Israeli Centric US Policy.
This research paper has examined the effectiveness of U.S. assistance to the Palestinian People and the economic impact it have on Palestinian lives. The research looked into US policy and the Zionist’s influence on the decision making process in Washington. The research showed that the “Israeli Centric” US policies were counterproductive. Israeli control over Palestinian lives, have reduced the effectiveness and hindered the impact of US Economic Aid to the Palestinian People.
The US and other Donors were not able to achieve their objectives of sustainable economic growth, peace and security and the establishment of a viable Palestinian state. The unwillingness or inability of the US and International community to exert enough pressure on Israel to end its illegal occupation, have wasted great deal of Donor’s efforts and resources.
The US presence in the Middle East can be explained to the fact that it always defends its interets in the region. For, that reason, the US uses divergent means and methods to achieve its ends.
Welsh Consultants publishes- For C-SPAN's most recent Presidential Historians Survey conducted in 2017, nearly 100 historians and biographers rated 43 US presidents. The 2017 C-SPAN survey measured 10 qualities of presidential leadership: public persuasion, crisis leadership, economic management, moral authority, international relations, administrative skills, relations with Congress, vision, pursued equal justice for all, and performance within the context of his times. Historians agree: Abraham Lincoln was the best US president. Scores in each category were then averaged, and the 10 categories were given equal weighting in determining the presidents' total scores. George Washington came in at No. 2, followed by Franklin D. Roosevelt at No. 3. George H. W. Bush ranked at No. 20, beating out his son George W. Bush who came in at No. 33. Other notable commanders in chief included John F. Kennedy at No. 8, Ronald Reagan at No. 9, and Barack Obama at No. 12. Here are the top 25 presidents, according to historians surveyed by C-SPAN. Author, Founder- Manish P
There are several countries that may be foci of wars in the world, including Syria, Palestine, Israel, Iran and North Korea. In the contemporary era, international geopolitical chess points to the existence of three major players: the United States, China and Russia. From the confrontation between these three great military powers in the future, alternatives scenarios to the current may arise that are characterized by the loss of US hegemony on the world stage since the end of the bipolar world confronting the United States and the Soviet Union.
UNITED STATES ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE TO THE PALESTINIAN PEOPLE ziad jaserZiad Jaser
United States Economic Assistance to The Palestinian People
and The Israeli Centric US Policy.
This research paper has examined the effectiveness of U.S. assistance to the Palestinian People and the economic impact it have on Palestinian lives. The research looked into US policy and the Zionist’s influence on the decision making process in Washington. The research showed that the “Israeli Centric” US policies were counterproductive. Israeli control over Palestinian lives, have reduced the effectiveness and hindered the impact of US Economic Aid to the Palestinian People.
The US and other Donors were not able to achieve their objectives of sustainable economic growth, peace and security and the establishment of a viable Palestinian state. The unwillingness or inability of the US and International community to exert enough pressure on Israel to end its illegal occupation, have wasted great deal of Donor’s efforts and resources.
PS 1010, American Government 1 Course Learning Out.docxtarifarmarie
PS 1010, American Government 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit VIII
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Describe the three branches of government.
4. Explain how the U.S. government functions at the federal, state, and local levels.
5. Identify the role of political parties in the United States political system.
6. Discuss how policies affect change.
6.1 Describe the purpose and goals of one type of policy in the United States.
6.2 Discuss how a specific policy might cause the United States to implement either isolationism or
internationalism.
7. Identify the impact of media on public opinion and politics.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
3
Unit VIII Lesson
Reading: “An ‘Invitation to Struggle’? The Use of Force Against ‘Legislatively
Vulnerable’ American Presidents”
Reading: “11. Policy Making: Political Interactions”
Unit VIII Final Project
4
Unit VIII Lesson
Reading: “An ‘Invitation to Struggle’? The Use of Force Against ‘Legislatively
Vulnerable’ American Presidents”
Reading: “11. Policy Making: Political Interactions”
Unit VIII Final Project
5
Reading: “An ‘Invitation to Struggle’? The Use of Force Against ‘Legislatively
Vulnerable’ American Presidents”
Reading: “11. Policy Making: Political Interactions”
Unit VIII Final Project
6.1
Unit VIII Lesson
Chapter 17
Reading: “11a. Foreign Policy: What Now?”
Reading: “11b. Defense Policy”
Reading: “11c. Economic Policy”
Reading: “11d. Social and Regulatory Policy”
Unit VIII Final Project
6.2
Unit VIII Lesson
Chapter 17
Reading: “Lesson 4: The Great Debate: Internationalists vs. Isolationists”
Unit VIII Final Project
7
Unit VIII Lesson
Reading: “11. Policy Making: Political Interactions”
Unit VIII Final Project
UNIT VIII STUDY GUIDE
Policy: Domestic, Economic, and Foreign
PS 1010, American Government 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Reading Assignment
In order to access the reading from the OpenStax American Government textbook, please click the link below.
Chapter 17: Foreign Policy (Section 17.4)
To access the following resources, click the links below.
Foster, D. M. (2006). An “invitation to struggle”? The use of force against “legislatively vulnerable” American
presidents. International Studies Quarterly, 50(2), 421–444. Retrieved from
https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?auth=CAS&url=http://search.ebscohost.com/logi
n.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=20656715&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 11. Policy Making: Political interactions. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/11.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 11a. Foreign policy: What now? Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/11a.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 11b. Defense policy. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/11b.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 11c. Economic policy. Retri.
Running head AMERICA AS THE WORLD’S POLICEMEN .docxSUBHI7
Running head: AMERICA AS THE WORLD’S POLICEMEN 1
AMERICA AS THE WORLD’S POLICEMEN 2
America As The World’s Policemen
Robert DeVos
Strayer University
December 8, 2017
Though it’s believed that industrialization in the United States eventually led to a lot of development, some aspects of the American culture were wedged negatively during this time. The great 20th century had its ups, and downs, for example, the rise of Panama Canal from the fall of William Taft’s Standard Oil Firm but the most important thing was how the U.S dominance was portraited in a significant way. The U.S dominated domestically and also internationally, and they were branded the world’s policemen which till date thrives. Displaying total dominance over all other countries. In this paper, I will get to define global events linking the American military to the foreign policy that was created after the civil war. I will also discuss aspects of United States history that has led to the rise of America as a global superpower country and policeman (Borges, 2014, p. 43-46). Other than that, I will also cover international incidents that America has engaged on a policing character since WWII. Finally, the forces driving the global policy decisions concerning the events cited will be comprised. The warfare against ISIS and Libyan Civil Warfare are both dashed back to Humanitarian Assistance. This can be squared back to the 1901 Platt amendment when Cuba resented Americans although it was an independent country. This change was meant to domineer the teller amendment then add to the Cuban constitution giving way for the U.S to intervene the Islas using military personnel. This also applied when revolution threatened. Throughout this period the Americans sympathized with Filipinos, Cubans, Guamanians and Puerto Ricans overlooking the deceit and violence of United States government. Schools, hospitals, and churches were built for the benefits of the helpless people mentioned. The American Humanitarian Assistance is there to protect and alleviate human suffering caused by intentional crisis for example war, natural disasters and terrorism.
To prevent more world wars America had to take responsibility. Cautionary measures had to be considered for this to be possible. The took it upon themselves to execute policies that were meant to prevent nuclear development in the future (Millis, 1981, 56-58). After the Civil War, foreign policy was created. Some of the international events that the U.S military was involved in included the American military went to Iraq, Afghanistan, and Korea. These acts caught the foreign nations’ attention mostly the U.S which is among the 28 countries that comprise NATO also known as “(North Atlantic Treaty Organization).” America ba ...
Abstract: This study examined United States and democratization in Iraq. The study was anchored on the
democratic peace theory as propounded by Immanuel Kant in 1795. The study adopted ex-post research design
while data was gotten from secondary source such as textbooks, journal articles, newspapers, magazines and
internet and the data generated was analyzed through content analysis. The findings of the study showed that The
United States efforts to adoptive democracy was widely implemented by a range of governmental and nongovernmental actors in Iraq, but it has yielded far less than what was promised and United States interest has had
negative effects on democratization in Iraq as the dissolution of the Iraqi army has resulted to security vacuum in
Iraq. Based on the findings the study recommended among others; Democracy should not be seen as a United
States import but rather an indigenous adaptation of general principles by Iraqi people.
Communist Party of the Philippines
Contribution to the 13th International Communist Seminar:
"The Strategy and Tactics of the Struggle against Global US Imperialist War"
Brussels, 2-4 May 2004
The U.S. role in world affairs: what is America's duty as the world's only superpower?
1. The U.S. role in world affairs: what is America's duty as the
world's only superpower?
"Yesterday, six U.S. soldiers were killed after an attack by guerrilla fighters in Iraq ..."
Such news reports have become all too frequent in recent months. Last March, U.S.-led troops
invaded Iraq after President Saddam Hussein refused to cooperate with United Nations (UN)
weapons inspectors. Although no weapons of mass destruction have been found in Iraq, people are
grateful that Hussein, a brutal dictator, has been overthrown.
But the attack on Iraq and the war in Afghanistan have raised an important question: What role
should the U.S. play in world affairs?
Defending the Free World
For nearly 50 years after World War II, the U.S. made defense of the "free world" the primary aim of
its foreign policy. From 1945 to 1991, America was locked in a bitter struggle with the Soviet Union,
a country that U.S. President Ronald Reagan once called an "evil empire." Each of the two nuclear
military powers sought to spread its influence--one democratic, the other Communist--across the
world. This struggle was known as the Cold War.
In 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed, ending the Cold War. Suddenly, the U.S. was the world's only
"superpower." America's foreign policy shifted, from one of containing Communism to promoting
international cooperation.
Today, the U.S. makes its presence felt--militarily and economically--across the globe. It criticizes
nations that do not encourage freedom and human rights. It also extends help to countries facing
civil unrest, epidemic diseases, and economic crises. But that doesn't mean U.S. foreign policy is
always without controversy.
No Consensus
Because of the potential threat that Saddam Hussein posed, President George W. Bush ordered what
has been called the first preemptive (preventive) war in U.S. history.
"The [U.S. and its allies] will not live at the mercy of an outlaw regime that threatens the peace with
weapons of mass murder," President Bush said of Hussein's Iraq.
The UN and several countries, including France, Germany, Russia, China, and Canada, criticized the
U.S. invasion. Many said the U.S. should not attack Iraq without first getting an international
consensus (agreement).
Muslim nations were also angered by what they called "a war on Islam." A U.S. attack on Iraq, said
Iran's Foreign Minister last February, would help "people like [Osama] bin Laden preserve their
popularity and become a hero, especially among the youth in the Islamic states."
The formal war against Hussein ended in April, but U.S. troops and officials remain in Iraq to help
2. rebuild the country and its government. In recent months, they have faced increasing hostility, with
an average of 30 attacks a day.
Violence in Afghanistan
In November 2001, U.S.-led forces overthrew the Taliban government in Afghanistan. Now, Al Qaeda
terrorists and former Taliban leaders have begun to launch attacks against remaining U.S. troops
and the UN-backed government of President Hamid Karzai (KAR-zeye). The violence has caused
many people to wonder if we have committed enough resources to helping this war-torn nation.
Last month, Congress approved an $87.5 billion package for Iraq and Afghanistan; $22.8 billion of
the money will be used for reconstruction projects and to help the Iraqi and Afghan people. This
represents the largest U.S. aid package since the Marshall Plan, which helped rebuild Europe after
World War II.
"We will not leave the Iraqi people in chaos," said Senator Ted Stevens (R, Alaska), "and we will not
create a vacuum for terrorist groups to fill."
The Bush Doctrine
After the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, the U.S. adopted a foreign policy known as the
"Bush Doctrine." According to this set of principles, the U.S. will need to attack terrorists and hostile
nations--before they attack us.
"We cannot defend America and our friends by hoping for the best," President Bush said in 2002.
"We must take the battle to the enemy, disrupt his plans, and confront the worst threats before they
emerge."
Some critics have likened the U.S. policy to a "hunting license" that disregards international law and
diplomatic relations. People also fear that preemptive military strikes could result in retaliatory
attacks against American interests at home and overseas.
War on Terrorism
The centerpiece of the Bush Doctrine is the U.S.-led war on terrorism. U.S. troops currently seek out
and fight Al Qaeda terrorists in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and other Central Asian nations.
Last month, President Bush urged several Middle Eastern nations, including Iran, Syria, Egypt, and
Saudi Arabia, to promote democracy throughout the region.
"As long as the Middle East remains a place where freedom does not flourish," the President said, "it
will remain a place of [decay], resentment, and violence ready for export."
One Jordanian official says that he supports the call for democracy, but only if "it is to be applied
equally to all states and not [used as an excuse] to change unfriendly regimes."
Despite such criticism, U.S. leadership and resources remain key elements in resolving global issues.
The U.S. role as mediator (referee) in the Middle East is crucial to establishing peace between the
Palestinians and Israelis, for example.
"There will be no peace [in the Middle East] without the U.S.," a European official said last spring.
3. "Peace treaties signed between Israel, Egypt, and Jordan were possible because of courageous
leaders supported by [the U.S.]."
President Bush is also working to halt the nuclear-weapons programs in Iran and North Korea. So
far, both nations have resisted U.S. calls for cooperation.
With American troops stationed in 136 countries, many people worry that our armed forces are
overburdened. The Bush administration has struggled to persuade other countries to contribute
military support in Iraq. The United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, and other nations have supplied troops.
But Turkey, Pakistan, and India have recently turned down requests for military reinforcements.
Even the International Red Cross and the UN have scaled back their presence in Baghdad, Iraq's
capital, because of growing violence.
Some observers say that lessons learned in the Vietnam War (1964-1975) should be applied to U.S.
involvement in Iraq. About 58,000 U.S. soldiers were killed in Vietnam, and Communist forces won
the war.
Despite a growing number of casualties in Iraq, President Bush remains determined to complete the
U.S. mission there. "The strength and will of free peoples is now being tested before a watching
world," the President said recently. "And we will meet this test."
In a post-September 11 world, can the U.S. achieve its goals of international cooperation while
continuing to act as global policeman?
Words to Know
* Cold War: An intense rivalry that developed after World War II when the Communist Soviet Union
sought to spread its influence worldwide.
Your Turn
THINK ABOUT IT
1. What role should the U.S. play in world affairs?
2. Why might the Iraqi boys above be against the U.S.?
LESSON PLANS
OBJECTIVES
Students should understand
* the U.S. plays a leadership role in resolving many global problems.
TEACHING STRATEGY
Discuss with the class what it means for one nation to be an ally of another. Ask students: "Why do
countries form alliances?"
4. BACKGROUND
The U.S. dominates the world militarily and economically. The U.S. military defense budget for 2004
will probably exceed the defense budgets of the next 20 top-spending nations combined. The U.S.
economy is also the most powerful of all nations. In 2001, the U.S. accounted for 21 percent, or
$10.4 trillion, of the world's gross domestic product (value of all goods and services produced in one
year).
THINKING SKILLS
COMPARE AND CONTRAST: Compare the U.S. foreign policy in the periods from 1945 to 1991 and
from 1991 to 2001. (From 1945 to 1991, the U.S. focused primarily on containing the spread of
Communism throughout the world. From 1991 to 2001, the U.S. foreign policy shifted toward
promoting greater international cooperation.)
COMPREHENSION: How did U.S. foreign policy change after September 11, 2001? (The Bush
administration adopted a more aggressive foreign policy that called for preemptive strikes against
any group or nation that threatens American interests at home or abroad.)
ACTIVITY
OVERSEAS U.S. MILITARY MISSIONS: Divide the class into four groups. Assign to each group one
of the following world areas where the U.S. is currently involved in military operations: Central Asia,
Southeast Asia, Africa, or South America. Each group should write a report or create a time line that
details the U.S. military missions in the assigned world region.
STANDARDS
SOCIAL STUDIES, GRADES 5-8
* Power, authority, and governance: How the U.S. plays a leading political, military, and economic
role in resolving world problems.
* Global connections: How some nations oppose current U.S. military operations, and distrust U.S.
leadership in resolving some international disputes.
RESOURCES
PRINT
* Spies, Karen B., Isolation vs. Intervention (Millbrook Press, 1997), Grades 5-8.
* Jenkins, Brian M., Countering Al Qaeda (Rand Corporation, 2002). Grades 5-8.
WEB SITES
* United Nations
www.un.org/
* U.S. State Department
5. www.state.gov/
QUICK QUIZ
Decide whether each sentence is true, false, or an opinion.
-- 1. As the world's only "superpower," the U.S. should protect the rights of people everywhere.
-- 2. The Cold War was the intense rivalry between groups of Communist and non-Communist
nations before World War II.
-- 3. About $22 billion of the $87.5 billion U.S. aid package for Iraq and Afghanistan will fund
reconstruction projects in those nations.
-- 4. The Bush Doctrine calls for pre-emptive strikes against terrorists and hostile nations
threatening world peace.
-- 5. The U.S. supports the government of Afghanistan's President Pervez Musharraf.
ANSWERS
1. Opinion
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False
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No portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the
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Copyright 2003, Gale Group. All rights reserved. Gale Group is a Thomson Corporation Company.
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