The traffic light1
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The document discusses the development of the modern traffic light in the 1920s. Police Officer William Potts of Detroit invented the first three-color traffic light using red, amber, and green lights to control automobile traffic. In 1920, the first four-way traffic light was installed at an intersection in Detroit. By 1921, Detroit had installed 15 additional traffic lights. In 1923, Garrett Morgan patented an early electric traffic light with three positions to stop traffic and allow pedestrians to cross more safely. The traffic light helped bring order and safety to increasingly busy city streets during the rise of the automobile.
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Similar to The traffic light1
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Chapter 16, S. 1 2
New technologies and urban planning improved life at the turn of the century. Streetcars and skyscrapers addressed the needs of growing cities. Inventions like airplanes, cameras, automobiles, and printing presses made information sharing and transportation easier. Education also changed with increased attendance, high school addition, and vocational focus.
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Air Plane
The Airmail Act of 1925 bestowed the Post Office with the powers to contract with private airlines to transport mail.
Not until the Air Commerce Act came into law in 1926, the Aviation industry in the United States was unregulated. The Act created an Aeronautic Branch within the United States Department of Commerce with regulatory powers over civil aviation. The Aeronautic Branch was tasked with functions such as pilot testing and licensing, issuing aircraft airworthiness certificates, establishing and enforcing safety regulations. The agency was also responsible for establishing airways and operating and maintaining aids to air navigation, in addition to investigating accidents and incidents.
The Aeronautics Branch was rebranded the Bureau of Air Commerce in 1934. This was followed by takeover of air traffic control centers previously operated by commercial airlines in 1936 by the Bureau, and the eventual expansion the air traffic control system.
Signed into law by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 that formed the Federal Aviation Agency that later changed to Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) that replaced the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA). The act empowered the FAA to oversee and regulate safety in the airline industry and the use of American airspace by both military aircraft and civilian aircraft.
Communications between the contents were opened up by the airmail act of 1925; families were able to reconnect with one another. This originally started off as just letters from the service men coming back to their family but we now write and ship packages back and forth(Learning-to-fly.com, 2008-2014). The Air commerce Act of 1926 played a great role in setting up policies that help ensure the public’s safety by requiring pilots to become licensed and setting up a board to deal with testing procedures, licensing and certificates and enforcing safety regulations.
According to (Learning-to-fly.com, 2008-2014), the Air commerce Act of 1926 also set up airways and operated and maintained aids to assist in navigation in addition to investigating accidents incidents. In 1934 the Aeronautics Branch was renamed the Bureau of Air Commerce. In 1936 they took over air traffic control centers from commercial airlines and expanding the control system (Wright-Brothers.org, 2010). The Federal Aviation Act of 1958 empowered the FAA to oversee and regulate safety in the airline industry and the use of American airspace by both military aircraft and civilian aircraft (Learning-to-fly.com, 2008-2014).
It is beyond doubt these regulations have in a great way helped change how things were done then and now. Their implementation is t.
AbstractReckless Walking Must Be DiscouragedThe Autom.docx
Abstract
"Reckless Walking Must Be Discouraged":
The Automobile Revolution and the Shaping of Modem Urban Canada to 1930
Stephen Davies
The introduction of the automobile at
the tarn of the century revolutionized
all aspects of Canadian life from sound
and smell, to housing design, to street
patterns and congestion. In addition to
the physical changes brought about by
its presence, the automobile radically
altered established rural-urban
relationships, and its proliferation also
necessitated an increasing regulation of
society as a whole. Thus, given the wide
range of changes created by the
automobile, few Canadians remained
unaffected by its introduction in the
first decades of the 20th century.
Résumé
L'apparition de l'automobile au Canada à
l'aube du vingtième siècle a révolutionné
l'existence dans tous ses aspects, de la
qualité de l'air à l'environnement sonore
en passant par les grilles de rues, les types
d'habitat et... la congestion. Au delà des
transformations du cadre physique,
l'automobile a bouleversé les relations
entre le rural et l'urbain, et la
généralisation de son usage a resserré le
quadrillage réglementaire imposé à la
société dans son ensemble. L'éventail des
changements est tel que rares sont les
Canadiens qui sont restés à l'abri de leurs
effets.
"Civilization," wrote Dr Frank Crane in 1918,
"is a matter of transportation. The true
symbol ot the twentieth century, the sign of
its soul, the indicator of its spirit, is the
wheel." And, as Crane went on to argue, the
greatest adaptation of the wheel was the
automobile.'
In the three decades that followed its
introduction into Canada at the turn of the
century, the automobile revolutionized all
aspects of Canadian life. However, in a
society in which the presence of the
automobile has become an inseparable part
of daily life, the nature and magnitude of
change created by its rapid proliferation is
readily overlooked. The following is an
exploration of the automobile's impact on
Canadian society during the first three
decades of the 20th century.^ One can easily
comprehend the physical alterations: road-
building, traffic signs, and the ever-growing
problem of congestion. But there is another
aspect to be considered, one which must be
balanced against the unbridled enthusiasm
and optimism of individuals such as Crane.
Change cannot always be directed or
controlled, and the automobile, like other
major innovations, also brought unanticipated
and, in many instances, undesired
consequences.
Net all change was as physically apparent
as, for example, the automatic traffic signals
that began to appear in Canadian cities
during the 1920s. There was also a crucial,
though less obvious, cultural and social
reorientation. What must not be overlooked is
an element of irony ccnnected with the
automobile's proliferation, in that many of the
changes were the opposite of what the
auto's introduction had promised. One of the
unforeseen by-products of the.
Industrial Revolution Power Point Yera
The document discusses several major technological advancements from the 18th and 19th centuries as well as the 20th century that drove the Industrial Revolution and modernization. Some key inventions and developments mentioned include the spinning jenny, steam engine, railroads, airplanes, television, and mobile phones. The effects of these technologies on society, both positive and negative, are also examined such as increasing productivity but also child labor and wealth inequality. Solutions proposed to address the problems created by technological change include governments providing new jobs and taxing the rich to help the poor.
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Education Material about Transportation Presentation Template
If you want to buy this presentation template, please visit http://madlis.com
Good design gets out of the way of the content you are sharing. It helps your audience focus on the content itself instead of the design.
But, it's no secret that most people dislike giving presentations. The dread of public speaking consistently ranks among the greatest fears in public surveys.
This presentation slides can help you reduce the anxiety involved with giving a presentation. Well-designed slides not only build your own confidence, they make your key points clearer to the audience.
Kabuki Presentation : Light Color Version
Education Material about Transportation Presentation Template
If you want to buy this presentation template, please visit http://madlis.com
Good design gets out of the way of the content you are sharing. It helps your audience focus on the content itself instead of the design.
But, it's no secret that most people dislike giving presentations. The dread of public speaking consistently ranks among the greatest fears in public surveys.
This presentation slides can help you reduce the anxiety involved with giving a presentation. Well-designed slides not only build your own confidence, they make your key points clearer to the audience.
Functional Classification of Streets: So important that no one wants to talk ...
This presentation was given as an online seminar sponsored by American Planning Association's New Urbanism Division. The audio is available on YouTube: http://youtu.be/J9HjJ78Ma7w
As practitioners of new urbanism principles, it is important to understand why our street networks have eroded so dramatically and the direct connection to livability and sustainability that we strive to achieve. The purpose of the webcast will educate participants to strengthen their transportation planning knowledge base. That knowledge will increase productivity of the collaboration between engineers and planners.
Functional classification is a transportation topic that is often left for engineers to sort out, but it has a huge impact on urban planning. Anyone involved in urban planning – including community stakeholders – should be part of the dialogue surrounding the function of public streets. Functional classification is a way that transportation professionals group streets according to the type of traffic they serve and the degree of access expected to adjacent land uses.
Few transportation issues are as important as functional classification, and yet it is one of the least understood or debated. Despite the Federal Highway Administration’s advocacy of flexible design standards, typical practice in the United States has been very rigid, leading to unintended negative consequences. For new urbanism, that means streets that require almost highway speeds and lane widths—physical impacts that are contrary to the overall purpose of new urban planning. For example, in some areas an Urban Principal Arterial might require a minimum 45 MPH design speed and minimum 12-foot wide lanes, even if the surrounding land uses need more appropriate (i.e. livable, sustainable) solutions.
The session includes two primary takeaways: (1) history of streets (vitality, walkability, etc.); and (2) how we can learn from our history to improve streets (including mobility and safety for all users). Designing places scaled appropriately for active human living is critical, especially in urbanized areas (city centers, suburbs, villages, etc.).
Street cleaning
Street cleaning has been an important part of maintaining sanitation in cities since the 19th century. Early street cleaners used brooms and shovels, while modern machines can vacuum and collect debris and small particles to help reduce water pollution. The first mechanical street sweepers were invented in the 1840s in Manchester, England and 1849 in the United States. Today's regenerative air sweepers use forced air and vacuuming to collect debris efficiently. Advances in technology allow modern sweepers to collect smaller particles than older models.
Industrialrevolution 000
The Industrial Revolution of the 19th century brought dramatic changes to transportation, communication, and technology through inventions like the steamboat, railroads, and telegraph. It also introduced the cotton gin, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793, which significantly increased cotton production in the U.S. though reliance on slave labor. While innovations improved transportation and communication, the Industrial Revolution also resulted in environmental pollution, unsafe working conditions, and wealth disparities between factory owners and laborers.
Historic means of travelling
This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of transportation systems and their impact on tourism and the environment. It discusses 7 major eras of transportation development from pre-industrial to modern systems. Modes of transport covered include airlines, railways, motor coaches, automobiles, and cruise ships. Transportation is a key factor enabling tourism but relies heavily on petroleum and contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental impacts.
Morrall
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The traffic light1
- 1. The Traffic Light:Enhancing Transportationin the Roaring 1920’s
- 2. By the 1920’s, there were already new and improved forms of transformation—ships, airplanes, cars, and of course, trains. Transportation provided not only a means of getting from place to place, but a new and innovative way of life.
- 3. Thanks to Henry Ford, the inflexible American industrialist, the assembly line and conveyer belt furthered mass production. Now, not only were more meat packages produced, but more automobiles also—and at low prices too. An easy enough job working at one of these assembly lines, women found work here and contributed money to supporting their families.
- 5. But what was one to do about the increasing chaos on the streets? There was a huge concern about the ever increasing number of vehicles simultaneously moving on the streets. It seemed as if this disorder would lead to a number of different issues. It caused more accidents and was more difficult and dangerous for pedestrians who were trying to cross the road.
- 6. Police stepped in in their attempt to bring safety, order, organization to the flow of traffic between automobiles and pedestrians. But these police, along with many other Americans of this time, knew there had to be a simpler way…
- 7. …and Police Officer William L. Potts of Detroit, Michigan discovered that solution. Railroads were using automatic controls, so he adapted these signals for the streets to. Red; amber; and green railroad lights plus thirty-seven dollars worth of wire and electrical controls made the world’s first 4-way three color traffic light.
- 9. In the year of 1920, this newly conceived traffic light was installed on the corner of Woodward and Michigan Avenues in Detroit. By 1921, the city of Detroit had installed a total of fifteen of these new automatic lights.
- 10. Three years later, in 1923, Garrett Morgan, the first African-American to own an automobile, invented the electric automatic traffic light. Realizing that Ohio was in need of control over the flow of traffic, he applied for a patent to produce inexpensive traffic lights. This had three positions (stop, go, and the third halting all traffic to allow pedestrians to cross the street more safely) on a T-shaped pole.
- 11. "This invention relates to traffic signals, and particularly to those which are adapted to be positioned adjacent the intersection of two or more streets and are manually operable for directing the flow of traffic... In addition, my invention contemplates the provision of a signal which may be readily and cheaply manufactured." Garrett Morgan
- 12. America was not the only country to adopt the traffic light. Other countries began using the traffic light to enhance transportation and promote safety. 1927: England’s first use of automatic experimental traffic lights in Wolverhampton.
- 13. These inventions in the 1920’s allowed for more transportation enhancement. More traffic lights were installed all over the world, in addition to new traffic signals. Now, pedestrians know when it is safe to cross the street, and cars know when to yield to them. Worldly, safety on the streets has improved greatly.
- 14. Not only did pedestrians feel safer crossing the road when they knew no traffic was approaching, but drivers felt more safe taking comfort in knowing that there was an organized system preventing many accidents. This opened up many other doors for transportation and road methods of keeping everyone feeling secure and under control in the hectic time period of the Roaring 1920’s. Thanks to this time period, driving and being on the streets today has become a safer activity.