The European starch industry consists of 23 member companies that operate 68 production plants across 21 European Union member states. In 2011, these companies generated €7.7 billion in annual turnover with a workforce of 14,300. They invested €540 million that year in production facilities and research and development. The industry processes over 22 million tonnes of raw materials annually into around 10 million tonnes of starch and starch derivatives. Starch is produced from maize, wheat, and potatoes, with maize comprising around 34% of production. The main end use markets for starch and derivatives are confectionery and drinks, processed foods, and corrugating and paper making.