The document discusses the simple past tense in English grammar. It explains that the simple past is used to describe actions that were completed in the past. It provides rules for forming the past tense of regular and irregular verbs, including spelling changes and pronunciation. It also covers forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the past tense.

1. THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE GRAMMAR

2. SUMMARY Idea. Words. Regular Verbs. Spelling. Pronounciation. Irregular Verbs. Affirmative, negative and questions.

3. IDEA We use the Past simple tense to describe an action that took place in the past. This action is Short and Finished.

4. WORDS These are some words and expressions that usually appear with a verb in the Past Simple. Last ……….. …… ..ago Yesterday In 1986

5. REGULAR VERBS. To write the past simple of a regular verb we add “-ed” to the base form. Work Work ed Play Play ed Paint Paint ed

6. SPELLING RULES To avoid spelling mistakes we must remember three rules: After consonat+vowel+consonant we double the last consonant when the syllable is stressed. S top Stopped C lap Clapped

7. SPELLING RULES When the verb ends in –e, we drop the –e and add the sufix. Move Mov ed Rule Rul ed Live Liv ed

8. SPELLING RULES When the verb ends in consonant+y we drop the “y” and write “i+ed”. Cry Cr ied Try Tr ied

9. PRONOUNCIATION RULES There are 3 ways to pronounce “ –ed” /d/ /t/ /id/

10. PRONOUNCIATION RULES We pronounce /d/ after vowel or voiced sound (b,g,l,m,v,). Play Played /d/ Beg Begged /d/ Live Lived /d/

11. PRONOUNCIATION RULES We pronounce /t/ after voiceless sound: /p/ /k/ /ch/ Work Worked /t/ Stop Stopped /t/

12. PRONOUNCIATION RULES We pronounce /id/ after the sounds /t/ and /d/. Star t Started /id/ En d Ended /id/

13. IRREGULAR VERBS Most verbs are regular. But there are also irregular verbs . You must study the List of Irregular verbs to use them. Choose the Second Column . Break Broke Broken Do Did Done Write Wrote Written

14. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES We use the same form with different subjects to express the past. She broke her leg I found a job We worked together You stoppe d the car.

15. AUXILIARY VERB The auxiliary verb for the past simple is “DID”. When we use the auxiliary verb “did” or “didn´t” the main verb is written in the infinitive.

16. NEGATIVE SENTENCES We write didn´t in front of the verb. Remember the verb in the infinitive . I didn´t study for my exams. They didn´t bring the flowers She didn´t stop the car. The programme didn´t begin one hour ago.

17. QUESTIONS IN THE PAST SIMPLE We write didn´t in front of the subject. The main verb is written in the infinitive. Did you come yesterday? Did you hear the noise? Did she open the present?