The document discusses the Screenplay Pattern, an approach to modeling user interactions in automated tests. It outlines some problems with traditional page object patterns, such as duplication of code and unintuitive structure. The Screenplay Pattern models interactions as tasks performed by actors using their abilities, providing a more intuitive and flexible design. The document then demonstrates implementing the Screenplay Pattern in C# using the Boa Constrictor library, rewriting a web test to search DuckDuckGo in this manner in 3 sentences or less.

1. The Screenplay Pattern
Better Interactions for Better Automation

2. 2
Andrew “Pandy” Knight
Lead Software Engineer in Test
PrecisionLender, a Q2 Company
AutomationPanda.com
@AutomationPanda

3. 3
Andrew “Pandy” Knight
Lead Developer for Boa Constrictor

4. 4
3-Part Talk
1. Problems with traditional interactions
2. Why Screenplay is better
3. Using Screenplay with Boa Constrictor

6. Interactions

7. Interactions
How users operate software: loads, clicks, scrapes, etc.

8. 8
Testing =
Interaction +Verification

9. 9
A simple DuckDuckGo search test
Open the
search engine
Search for a
phrase
Verify results
appear

10. 10
A simple DuckDuckGo search test
Open the
search engine
Search for a
phrase
Verify results
appear
1. Navigate

11. 11
A simple DuckDuckGo search test
Open the
search engine
Search for a
phrase
Verify results
appear
1. Navigate
1. Enter search phrase
2. Click search button

12. 12
A simple DuckDuckGo search test
Open the
search engine
Search for a
phrase
Verify results
appear
1. Navigate
1. Enter search phrase
2. Click search button
1. Scrape page title
2. Scrape result links

13. 13

14. 14
Raw WebDriver calls

15. 15
Raw WebDriver calls
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

16. 16
Raw WebDriver calls
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// Open the search engine
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://duckduckgo.com/");

17. 17
Raw WebDriver calls
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// Open the search engine
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://duckduckgo.com/");
// Search for a phrase
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).SendKeys("panda");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_button_homepage")).Click();

18. 18
Raw WebDriver calls
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// Open the search engine
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://duckduckgo.com/");
// Search for a phrase
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).SendKeys("panda");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_button_homepage")).Click();
// Verify results appear
driver.Title.ToLower().Should().Contain("panda");
driver.FindElements(By.CssSelector("a.result__a")).Should().BeGreaterThan(0);

19. 19
Raw WebDriver calls
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// Open the search engine
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://duckduckgo.com/");
// Search for a phrase
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).SendKeys("panda");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_button_homepage")).Click();
// Verify results appear
driver.Title.ToLower().Should().Contain("panda");
driver.FindElements(By.CssSelector("a.result__a")).Should().BeGreaterThan(0);
driver.Quit();

20. 20
Raw WebDriver calls
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// Open the search engine
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://duckduckgo.com/");
// Search for a phrase
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).SendKeys("panda");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_button_homepage")).Click();
// Verify results appear
driver.Title.ToLower().Should().Contain("panda");
driver.FindElements(By.CssSelector("a.result__a")).Should().BeGreaterThan(0);
driver.Quit();
Race
Conditions
!
1
2
3

21. 21
Implicit waits
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30);
// Open the search engine
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://duckduckgo.com/");
// Search for a phrase
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).SendKeys("panda");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_button_homepage")).Click();
// Verify results appear
driver.Title.ToLower().Should().Contain("panda");
driver.FindElements(By.CssSelector("a.result__a")).Should().BeGreaterThan(0);
driver.Quit();

22. 22
Explicit waits
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
// Open the search engine
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://duckduckgo.com/");
// Search for a phrase
wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).Count > 0);
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).SendKeys("panda");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_button_homepage")).Click();
// Verify results appear
wait.Until(d => d.Title.ToLower().Contains("panda"));
wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(By.CssSelector("a.result__a"))).Count > 0);
driver.Quit();

23. 23
Duplicate code
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
// Open the search engine
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://duckduckgo.com/");
// Search for a phrase
wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).Count > 0);
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).SendKeys("panda");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_button_homepage")).Click();
// Verify results appear
wait.Until(d => d.Title.ToLower().Contains("panda"));
wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(By.CssSelector("a.result__a"))).Count > 0);
driver.Quit();

24. 24
Unintuitive code
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://duckduckgo.com/");
wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).Count > 0);
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_form_input_homepage")).SendKeys("panda");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("search_button_homepage")).Click();
wait.Until(d => d.Title.ToLower().Contains("panda"));
wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(By.CssSelector("a.result__a"))).Count > 0);
driver.Quit();

25. 25
Page Object Pattern
public class SearchPage
{
}

26. 26
Page Object Pattern
public class SearchPage
{
public const string Url = "https://duckduckgo.com/";
public static By SearchInput => By.Id("search_form_input_homepage");
public static By SearchButton => By.Id("search_button_homepage");
}

27. 27
Page Object Pattern
public class SearchPage
{
public const string Url = "https://duckduckgo.com/";
public static By SearchInput => By.Id("search_form_input_homepage");
public static By SearchButton => By.Id("search_button_homepage");
public IWebDriver Driver { get; private set; }
public SearchPage(IWebDriver driver) => Driver = driver;
}

28. 28
Page Object Pattern
public class SearchPage
{
public const string Url = "https://duckduckgo.com/";
public static By SearchInput => By.Id("search_form_input_homepage");
public static By SearchButton => By.Id("search_button_homepage");
public IWebDriver Driver { get; private set; }
public SearchPage(IWebDriver driver) => Driver = driver;
public void Load() => Driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(Url);
}

29. 29
Page Object Pattern
public class SearchPage
{
public const string Url = "https://duckduckgo.com/";
public static By SearchInput => By.Id("search_form_input_homepage");
public static By SearchButton => By.Id("search_button_homepage");
public IWebDriver Driver { get; private set; }
public SearchPage(IWebDriver driver) => Driver = driver;
public void Load() => Driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(Url);
public void Search(string phrase)
{
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(SearchInput).Count > 0);
Driver.FindElement(SearchInput).SendKeys(phrase);
Driver.FindElement(SearchButton).Click();
}
}

30. 30
Page Object Pattern usage
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
SearchPage searchPage = new SearchPage(driver);
searchPage.Load();
searchPage.Search(“panda”);

31. 31
Page Object Pattern usage
IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
SearchPage searchPage = new SearchPage(driver);
searchPage.Load();
searchPage.Search(“panda”);
ResultPage resultPage = new ResultPage(driver);
resultPage.WaitForTitle(“panda”);
resultPage.WaitForResultLinks();
driver.Quit();

32. 32
Page object duplication redux
public class AnyPage
{
// ...
}

33. 33
Page object duplication redux
public class AnyPage
{
// ...
public void ClickButton()
{
Wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(Button).Count > 0);
driver.FindElement(Button).Click();
}
}

34. 34
Page object duplication redux
public class AnyPage
{
// ...
public void ClickButton()
{
Wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(Button).Count > 0);
driver.FindElement(Button).Click();
}
public void ClickOtherButton()
{
Wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(OtherButton).Count > 0);
driver.FindElement(OtherButton).Click();
}
}

35. 35
Page object duplication redux
public class AnyPage
{
// ...
public void ClickButton()
{
Wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(Button).Count > 0);
driver.FindElement(Button).Click();
}
public void ClickOtherButton()
{
Wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(OtherButton).Count > 0);
driver.FindElement(OtherButton).Click();
}
}

36. 36
A base page
public class BasePage
{
}

37. 37
A base page
public class BasePage
{
public IWebDriver Driver { get; private set; }
public WebDriverWait Wait { get; private set; }
public SearchPage(IWebDriver driver)
{
Driver = driver;
Wait = new WebDriverWait(Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
}
}

38. 38
A base page
public class BasePage
{
public IWebDriver Driver { get; private set; }
public WebDriverWait Wait { get; private set; }
public SearchPage(IWebDriver driver)
{
Driver = driver;
Wait = new WebDriverWait(Driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
}
protected void Click(By locator)
{
Wait.Until(d => d.FindElements(locator).Count > 0);
driver.FindElement(locator).Click();
}
}

39. 39
Base page inheritance
public class AnyPage : BasePage
{
// ...
public AnyPage(IWebDriver driver) : base(driver) {}
public void ClickButton() => Click(Button);
public void ClickOtherButton() => Click(OtherButton);
}

40. 40
Even more duplication?
public class AnyPage : BasePage
{
// ...
public void ClickButton() => Click(Button);
public void ClickOtherButton() => Click(OtherButton);
public void ButtonText() => Text(Button);
public void OtherButtonText() => Text(OtherButton);
public void IsButtonDisplayed() => IsDisplayed(Button);
public void IsOtherButtonDisplayed() => IsDisplayed(OtherButton);
}

41. Page objects
are free-form.
There’s no official version.There’s no conformity.There’s no enforcement.
Page objects are more of a “convention” than a true design pattern.

42. There must be
a better way.

43. 43
Reconsidering interactions

44. 44
Reconsidering interactions
Actor

45. 45
Reconsidering interactions
Actor Product

46. 46
Reconsidering interactions
Actor Interaction Product

47. 47
Reconsidering interactions
Actor Ability Interaction Product

48. Actors
use Abilities
to perform Interactions.

49. Actors
use Abilities
to perform Interactions.
This is the heart of the Screenplay Pattern.

50. 50

51. 51
Boa Constrictor
• Open source C# implementation of the Screenplay Pattern
• Developed by PrecisionLender, a Q2 Company
• Can be used with any test framework (SpecFlow, NUnit, etc.)
• Doc site: q2ebanking.github.io/boa-constrictor
• GitHub repository: q2ebanking/boa-constrictor
• NuGet package: Boa.Constrictor
The .NET Screenplay Pattern

52. 52
Let’s rewrite that
DuckDuckGo search test
using Boa Constrictor.

53. 53
Required packages
// NuGet Packages:
// Boa.Constrictor
// FluentAssertions
// RestSharp
// Selenium.Support
// Selenium.WebDriver
using Boa.Constrictor.Logging;
using Boa.Constrictor.RestSharp;
using Boa.Constrictor.Screenplay;
using Boa.Constrictor.WebDriver;
using FluentAssertions;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using static Boa.Constrictor.WebDriver.WebLocator;

54. 54
Creating the Actor
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());

55. 55
Adding Abilities
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));

56. 56
Adding Abilities
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
public class BrowseTheWeb : IAbility
{
public IWebDriver WebDriver { get; }
private BrowseTheWeb(IWebDriver driver) =>
WebDriver = driver;
public static BrowseTheWeb With(IWebDriver driver) =>
new BrowseTheWeb(driver);
}

57. 57
Modeling web pages
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
public static class SearchPage
{
public const string Url =
"https://www.duckduckgo.com/";
public static IWebLocator SearchInput => L(
"DuckDuckGo Search Input",
By.Id("search_form_input_homepage"));
}

58. 58
Attempting a Task
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));

59. 59
Attempting a Task
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
public void AttemptsTo(ITask task)
{
task.PerformAs(this);
}

60. 60
Attempting a Task
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
public class Navigate : ITask
{
private string Url { get; set; }
private Navigate(string url) => Url = url;
public static Navigate ToUrl(string url) => new Navigate(url);
public void PerformAs(IActor actor)
{
var driver = actor.Using<BrowseTheWeb>().WebDriver;
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(Url);
}
}

61. 61
Attempting a Task
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
public class Navigate : ITask
{
private string Url { get; set; }
private Navigate(string url) => Url = url;
public static Navigate ToUrl(string url) => new Navigate(url);
public void PerformAs(IActor actor)
{
var driver = actor.Using<BrowseTheWeb>().WebDriver;
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(Url);
}
}

62. 62
Attempting a Task
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
public static class SearchPage
{
public const string Url =
"https://www.duckduckgo.com/";
public static IWebLocator SearchInput => L(
"DuckDuckGo Search Input",
By.Id("search_form_input_homepage"));
}

63. 63
Asking a Question
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();

64. 64
Asking a Question
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
public TAnswer
AskingFor<TAnswer>(IQuestion<TAnswer> question)
{
return question.RequestAs(this);
}

65. 65
Asking a Question
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
public class ValueAttribute : IQuestion<string>
{
public IWebLocator Locator { get; }
private ValueAttribute(IWebLocator locator) => Locator = locator;
public static ValueAttribute Of(IWebLocator locator) => new ValueAttribute(locator);
public string RequestAs(IActor actor)
{
var driver = actor.Using<BrowseTheWeb>().WebDriver;
actor.AttemptsTo(Wait.Until(Existence.Of(Locator), IsEqualTo.True()));
return driver.FindElement(Locator.Query).GetAttribute("value");
}
}

66. 66
Asking a Question
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
public class ValueAttribute : IQuestion<string>
{
public IWebLocator Locator { get; }
private ValueAttribute(IWebLocator locator) => Locator = locator;
public static ValueAttribute Of(IWebLocator locator) => new ValueAttribute(locator);
public string RequestAs(IActor actor)
{
var driver = actor.Using<BrowseTheWeb>().WebDriver;
actor.AttemptsTo(Wait.Until(Existence.Of(Locator), IsEqualTo.True()));
return driver.FindElement(Locator.Query).GetAttribute("value");
}
}

67. 67
Asking a Question
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
public static class SearchPage
{
public const string Url =
"https://www.duckduckgo.com/";
public static IWebLocator SearchInput => L(
"DuckDuckGo Search Input",
By.Id("search_form_input_homepage"));
}

68. 68
Asking a Question
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();

69. 69
Composing a custom Interaction
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));

70. 70
Composing a custom Interaction
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));
public class SearchDuckDuckGo : ITask
{
public string Phrase { get; }
private SearchDuckDuckGo(string phrase) =>
Phrase = phrase;
public static SearchDuckDuckGo For(string phrase) =>
new SearchDuckDuckGo(phrase);
public void PerformAs(IActor actor)
{
actor.AttemptsTo(SendKeys.To(SearchPage.SearchInput, Phrase));
actor.AttemptsTo(Click.On(SearchPage.SearchButton));
}
}

71. 71
Composing a custom Interaction
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));
public class SearchDuckDuckGo : ITask
{
public string Phrase { get; }
private SearchDuckDuckGo(string phrase) =>
Phrase = phrase;
public static SearchDuckDuckGo For(string phrase) =>
new SearchDuckDuckGo(phrase);
public void PerformAs(IActor actor)
{
actor.AttemptsTo(SendKeys.To(SearchPage.SearchInput, Phrase));
actor.AttemptsTo(Click.On(SearchPage.SearchButton));
}
}

72. 72
Composing a custom Interaction
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));

73. 73
Waiting for Questions to yield answers
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));
actor.WaitsUntil(Appearance.Of(ResultPage.ResultLinks), IsEqualTo.True());

74. 74
Waiting for Questions to yield answers
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));
actor.WaitsUntil(Appearance.Of(ResultPage.ResultLinks), IsEqualTo.True());

75. 75
Waiting for Questions to yield answers
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));
actor.WaitsUntil(Appearance.Of(ResultPage.ResultLinks), IsEqualTo.True());
public static IWebLocator ResultLinks => L(
"DuckDuckGo Result Page Links",
By.ClassName("result__a"));

76. 76
Waiting for Questions to yield answers
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));
actor.WaitsUntil(Appearance.Of(ResultPage.ResultLinks), IsEqualTo.True());

77. 77
Waiting for Questions to yield answers
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));
actor.WaitsUntil(Appearance.Of(ResultPage.ResultLinks), IsEqualTo.True());

78. 78
Quitting the web browser
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));
actor.WaitsUntil(Appearance.Of(ResultPage.ResultLinks), IsEqualTo.True());
actor.AttemptsTo(QuitWebDriver.ForBrowser());

79. 79
A completed test
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
actor.Can(BrowseTheWeb.With(new ChromeDriver()));
actor.AttemptsTo(Navigate.ToUrl(SearchPage.Url));
actor.AskingFor(ValueAttribute.Of(SearchPage.SearchInput)).Should().BeEmpty();
actor.AttemptsTo(SearchDuckDuckGo.For("panda"));
actor.WaitsUntil(Appearance.Of(ResultPage.ResultLinks), IsEqualTo.True());
actor.AttemptsTo(QuitWebDriver.ForBrowser());

80. 80
A REST API test

81. 81
A REST API test
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());

82. 82
A REST API test
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
Actor.Can(CallRestApi.Using(new RestClient("https://dog.ceo")));

83. 83
A REST API test
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
Actor.Can(CallRestApi.Using(new RestClient("https://dog.ceo")));
var request = new RestRequest("api/breeds/image/random", Method.GET);

84. 84
A REST API test
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
Actor.Can(CallRestApi.Using(new RestClient("https://dog.ceo")));
var request = new RestRequest("api/breeds/image/random", Method.GET);
var response = Actor.Calls(Rest.Request(request));

85. 85
A REST API test
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
Actor.Can(CallRestApi.Using(new RestClient("https://dog.ceo")));
var request = new RestRequest("api/breeds/image/random", Method.GET);
var response = Actor.Calls(Rest.Request(request));
response.StatusCode.Should().Be(HttpStatusCode.OK);

86. 86
A REST API test
IActor actor = new Actor(name: "Andy", logger: new ConsoleLogger());
Actor.Can(CallRestApi.Using(new RestClient("https://dog.ceo")));
var request = new RestRequest("api/breeds/image/random", Method.GET);
var response = Actor.Calls(Rest.Request(request));
response.StatusCode.Should().Be(HttpStatusCode.OK);

88. Actors

89. Actors
use Abilities

90. Actors
use Abilities
to perform Interactions.

91. 91
SOLID principles
Single-Responsibility Principle Actors,Abilities, and Interactions are treated as separate
concerns.
Open-Closed Principle Each new Interaction must be a new class, rather than a
modification of an existing class.
Liskov Substitution Principle Actors can call all Abilities and Interactions the same way.
Interface Segregation Principle Actors,Abilities, and Interactions each have distinct,
separate interfaces.
Dependency Inversion Principle Abilities and Interactions are handled as interfaces.
Interactions use Abilities via dependency injection from
the Actor.

92. 92
Why use Screenplay?

93. 93
Why use Screenplay?
1. Rich, reusable, reliable interactions

94. 94
Why use Screenplay?
1. Rich, reusable, reliable interactions
2. Interactions are composable

95. 95
Why use Screenplay?
1. Rich, reusable, reliable interactions
2. Interactions are composable
3. Easy waiting

96. 96
Why use Screenplay?
1. Rich, reusable, reliable interactions
2. Interactions are composable
3. Easy waiting
4. Readable, understandable calls

97. 97
Why use Screenplay?
1. Rich, reusable, reliable interactions
2. Interactions are composable
3. Easy waiting
4. Readable, understandable calls
5. Covers all interactions – not justWeb UI

98. 98
The Screenplay Pattern

99. 99
The Screenplay Pattern
provides better interactions

100. 100
The Screenplay Pattern
provides better interactions
for better automation.

101. 101
Actors use Abilities to perform Interactions
Actor Ability Interaction

102. 102
Getting started

103. 103
Getting started

104. 104
Getting started

105. 105
Getting started

106. 106
Getting started

107. 107
https://q2ebanking.github.io/boa-constrictor/

108. 108

109. 109
I’ll mail Boa Constrictor stickers to 10 people who
tweet what they learned from this webinar!
Include @AutomationPanda & #BoaConstrictor!