Lesson Powerpoint

1. CHAPTER 1: THE
PROBLEM AND ITS
BACKGROUND

2. Objectives
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
a. identify the essential elements of the introduction;
b. distinguish different parts of introduction; and
c. formulate the introduction of the research.

3. CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM
AND ITS BACKGROUND
The first chapter of the research paper is entitled “The Problem
and Its Background”. Its purpose is to introduce the problem and
clarify important variables, its delimitations, and its significance
to the field of study. It has the following essential elements or
parts:
a. Introduction
b. Statement of the Problem
c. Scope and Delimitation
d. Significance of the Study

4. INTRODUCTION
The introduction is important in establishing the cognitive setting
of the research. It discusses the important details and
information of the research. It has the following elements:
1. Rationalization of the need to research on the problem.
2. Clarification of the important terminologies for the reader to
easily understand what the research is all about.
3. Establishment of the degree of seriousness of the problem
which prompted the researcher to look for solutions.

5. The following questions can aid the researcher in formulating
the introduction:
1. What is the rationale of the problem?
This question is answered by sharing the reasons why the
researcher decided to look for solutions to the problem. The
rationale is formulated not only by stating the reasons of the
conduct but also narrating incidences from international to
local scenarios.
2. What is the setting of the problem?
The setting describes the distinctive characteristics of the
geographical location of the place where the study is
conducted.

6. 3. What is the basic literature foundation of the study?
This part seeks to provide the researcher clarify on terms
and variables used in the study.
4. What is the general objective of the problem?
This is the general statement of the problem or the major
tasks of the researcher to fulfill and should also be the basis
of the specific problems.
5. What is the overall purpose of the study?
It is important to note that the researcher must be totally
aware of the purpose of the research problem.

7. After the topic is selected, all questions should be asked based on
the objectives of the study. The statement of the problem should
be sufficiently focused and designed to formulate clear research
questions. It is one of the most important pieces of the research
design. Basically, it defines what the researcher wants to learn or
understand. In writing the statement of the problem, it includes
the objective of the study and enumerates the research questions.
STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM

8. • Objective of the Study- This is the first part of the statement
of the problem. The researchers must state the purpose of the
study clearly and specifically.
Example: “The main objective of this study is to . . . “
• Research Questions- These are investigative questions which are to be
answered. The answers to the research questions should lead to the solution of the
research problem. Research questions must be stated vividly and explicitly
expressed in question form. It should possess the characteristics of SMART (Specific,
Measurable, Attainable, Realistic and Time-bound). There are also two types of
research questions:
- General Question is the major question focused on the research study.
- Specific Questions are detailed questions concentrated on the in-depth
investigation of the research study.

9. Research is a very noble undertaking if it makes significant
contributions to the community or the academic field or
discipline where the researcher is affiliated with.
Significance of the study discusses the benefits of the
study to the society in general, and to its beneficiaries.
SIGNIFICANCE OF
THE STUDY

10. The scope and delimitations of qualitative research are tandem ideas of
what, and what not the researcher can do.
Scope alludes to what information is being analyzed. It also defines and
identifies the significant variables that are focus on the study like
concept, population, and timeline.
Delimit is the explanation of the scope of study. It allows the researcher
to explain why certain aspects of a subject were chosen and why others
were excluded.
SCOPE AND
DELIMITATION

11. THANK YOU
SO MUCH