The picture is identified as the negative coccus.
Gram-negative bacteria are spread worldwide, in virtually all environments that support life.
They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell
wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane.
Medically relevant gram-negative cocci include the four types that cause a sexually transmitted
disease Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis), and respiratory symptoms
(Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae).
Solution
The picture is identified as the negative coccus.
Gram-negative bacteria are spread worldwide, in virtually all environments that support life.
They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell
wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane.
Medically relevant gram-negative cocci include the four types that cause a sexually transmitted
disease Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis), and respiratory symptoms
(Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae)..
Pathogenesis of microbial infections dr. ihsan alsaimarydr.Ihsan alsaimary
Dr. ihsan edan abdulkareem alsaimary
PROFESSOR IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
ihsanalsaimary@gmail.com
mobile : 009647801410838
university of basrah - college of medicine - basrah -IRAQ
The presentation provide in depth knowledge about two of the most affecting bacteria to human health. They are Neisseria ( causing gonorrhea and Meningitis) and Shigella ( Diarrhea)
Bacterial virus (Bacteriophage).
Structure of bacteriophage.
Where we can find phage?
Families of bacteriophage.
Life cycle of bacteriophage.
Potential uses of bacteriophage.
Bacteriophage vs. antibiotics.
Factors affecting phage therapy.
Viruses are microscopic organisms that exist almost everywhere on earth. They can infect animals, plants, fungi, and even bacteria.Viruses vary in complexity. They consist of genetic material, RNA or DNA, surrounded by a coat of protein, lipid (fat), or glycoprotein. Viruses cannot replicate without a host, so they are classified as parasitic.They are considered the most abundant biological entity on the planet.
Here we discuss the general properties of viruses in detail.
Opportunistic Mycosis are: caused by fungi that cannot infect healthy humans but can
cause serious often fatal mycoses in people whose resistance has been lowered (immunocompromised patients).
Many fungi previously considered non- pathogenic are
now recognized as etiological agents of the
opportunistic fungal infections.
The laboratory must identify and report completely
the presence of all fungi recovered from
immunocompromised patient, since every organism is
a potential pathogen
The highly susceptible groups for opportunistic fungal
infection are
- AIDs patients,
-Leukemic patients,
-individuals on chemotherapy for treatment of cancer,
-alcoholics. The commonest causes of opportunistic mycosis are:
-Candidiasis
- Aspergillosis
- Zygomycosis
-Cryptococosis
-Pneumocystis carn
Candidiasis is a relatively common human infection that can
take form of;
superficial,
mucocutanous or
systemic disease.
Principally it is caused by the three species of the genus candida,
namely,
C.albicans,
C.tropicalis and
C.krusei
Superficial and mucocutaneous candidiasis
It is superficial infections of skin and mucous membranes
Through, oral and vaginal candidiasis
- Oesophageal candidiasis
-Skin lesions of folds, groin, axilla, and interdigital areas
- Napkin eruptions in infants
- Paranychial candidiaiasis
Invasive:
Candidemia: initial stage can be transient if phagocytic
system is intact.
Disseminated or hematogenous candidiasis if phagocytic
system is compromised.
Multi organs can be involved with infection: kidney,
prosthetic heart valves, brain, eye, meninges.
Mortality: 30-40%
Predisposing factors
Diabetes
Immunosupperession
T-cell immunodeficiency disorders
Acquired- immunodeficiency syndrome, (AIDS)
Leukaemias, Lymphomas
Steroid treatments
Broad spectrum antibiotics
Laboratory diagnosis
Superficial or mucocutaneous candidiasis is diagnosed by
finding the fungus in tissue scraping and culture
Systemic candidiasis is difficult to diagnose.
Definitive diagnosis is made by the histopathologic
demonstration of the invasion of tissue by the yeast.
Specimens from surface lesions, mouth, vaginal, sputum,
exudates etc are examined using different methods.
Direct examination
a) KOH
Exposed lesions can usually be easily diagnosed by
clinical appearance together with finding typical budding
yeast cells and pseudohyphae and /or true hyphea in lesion
scrapings treated with KOH.
b) Gram-stain
Gram stain smears show large gram-positive budding yeast cells
with pseudohyphea.
Germ tube test
Candida albicans can be presumptively identified based
on the production of a germ tube
Principle
When incubated with serum at 370C for 1 to 3 hours,
C.albicans will form a germ tube.
Procedure
1. Pipette 0.5 ml of serum into a test tube
2. Inoculate the tube with a small amount of the
organism to be
tested.
When two atoms are covalently bonded, the more elctronegative atom drags the
shaired pair of electron towards itself, thus making the bond polar.
Solution
When two atoms are covalently bonded, the more elctronegative atom drags the
shaired pair of electron towards itself, thus making the bond polar..
we can senthysise 4 methylheptanal to propene by adding hydrogen in presence of
nickel catalyst 2 we have to add water in cyclohexane
Solution
we can senthysise 4 methylheptanal to propene by adding hydrogen in presence of
nickel catalyst 2 we have to add water in cyclohexane.
More Related Content
Similar to The picture is identified as the negative coccus.Gram-negative bac.pdf
Pathogenesis of microbial infections dr. ihsan alsaimarydr.Ihsan alsaimary
Dr. ihsan edan abdulkareem alsaimary
PROFESSOR IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
ihsanalsaimary@gmail.com
mobile : 009647801410838
university of basrah - college of medicine - basrah -IRAQ
The presentation provide in depth knowledge about two of the most affecting bacteria to human health. They are Neisseria ( causing gonorrhea and Meningitis) and Shigella ( Diarrhea)
Bacterial virus (Bacteriophage).
Structure of bacteriophage.
Where we can find phage?
Families of bacteriophage.
Life cycle of bacteriophage.
Potential uses of bacteriophage.
Bacteriophage vs. antibiotics.
Factors affecting phage therapy.
Viruses are microscopic organisms that exist almost everywhere on earth. They can infect animals, plants, fungi, and even bacteria.Viruses vary in complexity. They consist of genetic material, RNA or DNA, surrounded by a coat of protein, lipid (fat), or glycoprotein. Viruses cannot replicate without a host, so they are classified as parasitic.They are considered the most abundant biological entity on the planet.
Here we discuss the general properties of viruses in detail.
Opportunistic Mycosis are: caused by fungi that cannot infect healthy humans but can
cause serious often fatal mycoses in people whose resistance has been lowered (immunocompromised patients).
Many fungi previously considered non- pathogenic are
now recognized as etiological agents of the
opportunistic fungal infections.
The laboratory must identify and report completely
the presence of all fungi recovered from
immunocompromised patient, since every organism is
a potential pathogen
The highly susceptible groups for opportunistic fungal
infection are
- AIDs patients,
-Leukemic patients,
-individuals on chemotherapy for treatment of cancer,
-alcoholics. The commonest causes of opportunistic mycosis are:
-Candidiasis
- Aspergillosis
- Zygomycosis
-Cryptococosis
-Pneumocystis carn
Candidiasis is a relatively common human infection that can
take form of;
superficial,
mucocutanous or
systemic disease.
Principally it is caused by the three species of the genus candida,
namely,
C.albicans,
C.tropicalis and
C.krusei
Superficial and mucocutaneous candidiasis
It is superficial infections of skin and mucous membranes
Through, oral and vaginal candidiasis
- Oesophageal candidiasis
-Skin lesions of folds, groin, axilla, and interdigital areas
- Napkin eruptions in infants
- Paranychial candidiaiasis
Invasive:
Candidemia: initial stage can be transient if phagocytic
system is intact.
Disseminated or hematogenous candidiasis if phagocytic
system is compromised.
Multi organs can be involved with infection: kidney,
prosthetic heart valves, brain, eye, meninges.
Mortality: 30-40%
Predisposing factors
Diabetes
Immunosupperession
T-cell immunodeficiency disorders
Acquired- immunodeficiency syndrome, (AIDS)
Leukaemias, Lymphomas
Steroid treatments
Broad spectrum antibiotics
Laboratory diagnosis
Superficial or mucocutaneous candidiasis is diagnosed by
finding the fungus in tissue scraping and culture
Systemic candidiasis is difficult to diagnose.
Definitive diagnosis is made by the histopathologic
demonstration of the invasion of tissue by the yeast.
Specimens from surface lesions, mouth, vaginal, sputum,
exudates etc are examined using different methods.
Direct examination
a) KOH
Exposed lesions can usually be easily diagnosed by
clinical appearance together with finding typical budding
yeast cells and pseudohyphae and /or true hyphea in lesion
scrapings treated with KOH.
b) Gram-stain
Gram stain smears show large gram-positive budding yeast cells
with pseudohyphea.
Germ tube test
Candida albicans can be presumptively identified based
on the production of a germ tube
Principle
When incubated with serum at 370C for 1 to 3 hours,
C.albicans will form a germ tube.
Procedure
1. Pipette 0.5 ml of serum into a test tube
2. Inoculate the tube with a small amount of the
organism to be
tested.
Similar to The picture is identified as the negative coccus.Gram-negative bac.pdf (20)
When two atoms are covalently bonded, the more elctronegative atom drags the
shaired pair of electron towards itself, thus making the bond polar.
Solution
When two atoms are covalently bonded, the more elctronegative atom drags the
shaired pair of electron towards itself, thus making the bond polar..
we can senthysise 4 methylheptanal to propene by adding hydrogen in presence of
nickel catalyst 2 we have to add water in cyclohexane
Solution
we can senthysise 4 methylheptanal to propene by adding hydrogen in presence of
nickel catalyst 2 we have to add water in cyclohexane.
The enthalpy change is negative because a bond is being formed between the
nitrogen atoms. The entropy change is negative as well because two moles of particles are
turned into one mole.
Solution
The enthalpy change is negative because a bond is being formed between the
nitrogen atoms. The entropy change is negative as well because two moles of particles are
turned into one mole..
In Chemistry, a mixture is defined as two or more substances which have been
combined such that each substance retains its own chemical identity.
Solution
In Chemistry, a mixture is defined as two or more substances which have been
combined such that each substance retains its own chemical identity..
Suppose distribution an IP datagram since A to F. Suppose over the e.pdfanukoolelectronics
Suppose distribution an IP datagram since A to F. Suppose over the entire ARP table is up to
detail all for ARP resolution
Solution
Suppose distribution an IP datagram since A to F. Suppose over the entire ARP table is up to
detail all for ARP resolution.
The disclosure requirements for the assignment of specific receivabl.pdfanukoolelectronics
The disclosure requirements for the assignment of specific receivables include reporting them
separately as a current asset, but it does not include presenting the equity in assigned accounts
parenthetically or in a note.
Solution
The disclosure requirements for the assignment of specific receivables include reporting them
separately as a current asset, but it does not include presenting the equity in assigned accounts
parenthetically or in a note..
The answer is composite key.If the primarykey is combination of on.pdfanukoolelectronics
The answer is composite key.
If the primarykey is combination of one or more attributes then it is called composite key.
Solution
The answer is composite key.
If the primarykey is combination of one or more attributes then it is called composite key..
Temparatre.javaimport java.util.Scanner; public class Temparat.pdfanukoolelectronics
Temparatre.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Temparatre {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int temp[][] = new int[12][2];
for(int i=0; i
Solution
Temparatre.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Temparatre {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int temp[][] = new int[12][2];
for(int i=0; i.
Since They are not Divisible by any other number and are divisible 1.pdfanukoolelectronics
Since They are not Divisible by any other number and are divisible 1 and themselves. B:Prime
numbers
Solution
Since They are not Divisible by any other number and are divisible 1 and themselves. B:Prime
numbers.
Security issues of Neighbor Discovery in IPv6IPv6 nodes use the N.pdfanukoolelectronics
Security issues of Neighbor Discovery in IPv6:
IPv6 nodes use the Neighbor Discovery Protocol to discover other nodes on the link, to establish
the link-layer addresses to find routers, and to maintain reachability information about the paths
to active neighbors. It turns out that the basic NDP lacks a method for determining approved
neighbors. If not secured, NDP is vulnerable to various attacks like redirection, stealing
addresses, rejection of service advertisement, and parameter spoofing could occur.
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery issues:
The functionality of the IPv6 Neighbor Discovery protocol corresponds to the combination of the
IPv4 protocols. IPv6 has some new vulnerabilities because of the structure of its headers. The
security of IPv4 is roughly equivalent to IPv6. So, the same issues occur in IPv4 equivalent
protocols.
Solution
Security issues of Neighbor Discovery in IPv6:
IPv6 nodes use the Neighbor Discovery Protocol to discover other nodes on the link, to establish
the link-layer addresses to find routers, and to maintain reachability information about the paths
to active neighbors. It turns out that the basic NDP lacks a method for determining approved
neighbors. If not secured, NDP is vulnerable to various attacks like redirection, stealing
addresses, rejection of service advertisement, and parameter spoofing could occur.
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery issues:
The functionality of the IPv6 Neighbor Discovery protocol corresponds to the combination of the
IPv4 protocols. IPv6 has some new vulnerabilities because of the structure of its headers. The
security of IPv4 is roughly equivalent to IPv6. So, the same issues occur in IPv4 equivalent
protocols..
Because there is the largest number of electrons in the compound, the F2- ion will
have the shortest bond length. They will be most attracted
Solution
Because there is the largest number of electrons in the compound, the F2- ion will
have the shortest bond length. They will be most attracted.
HPLC, is a chromatographic technique used to separate a mixture of c.pdfanukoolelectronics
HPLC, is a chromatographic technique used to separate a mixture of compounds in analytical
chemistry and biochemistry with the purpose of identifying, quantifying and purifying the
individual components of the mixture. Some common examples are the separation and
quantitation of performance enhancement drugs (e.g. steroids) in urine samples, or of vitamin D
levels in serum.
HPLC typically utilizes different types of stationary phases (i.e. sorbents) contained in columns,
a pump that moves the mobile phase and sample components through the column, and a detector
capable of providing characteristic retention times for the sample components and area counts
reflecting the amount of each analyte passing through the detector. The detector may also
provide additional information related to the analyte, (i.e. UV/Vis spectroscopic data, if so
equipped). Analyte retention time varies depending on the strength of its interactions with the
stationary phase, the composition and flow rate of mobile phase used, and on the column
dimensions. HPLC is a form of liquid chromatography that utilizes small size columns (typically
250 mm or shorter and 4.6 mm i.d. or smaller; packed with smaller particles), and higher mobile
phase pressures compared to ordinary liquid chromatography.
Solution
HPLC, is a chromatographic technique used to separate a mixture of compounds in analytical
chemistry and biochemistry with the purpose of identifying, quantifying and purifying the
individual components of the mixture. Some common examples are the separation and
quantitation of performance enhancement drugs (e.g. steroids) in urine samples, or of vitamin D
levels in serum.
HPLC typically utilizes different types of stationary phases (i.e. sorbents) contained in columns,
a pump that moves the mobile phase and sample components through the column, and a detector
capable of providing characteristic retention times for the sample components and area counts
reflecting the amount of each analyte passing through the detector. The detector may also
provide additional information related to the analyte, (i.e. UV/Vis spectroscopic data, if so
equipped). Analyte retention time varies depending on the strength of its interactions with the
stationary phase, the composition and flow rate of mobile phase used, and on the column
dimensions. HPLC is a form of liquid chromatography that utilizes small size columns (typically
250 mm or shorter and 4.6 mm i.d. or smaller; packed with smaller particles), and higher mobile
phase pressures compared to ordinary liquid chromatography..
F2 F is the most electronegative. Thus, among these diatomic speci.pdfanukoolelectronics
F2
F is the most electronegative. Thus, among these diatomic species, F2 is the most redily to
accept electrons from other less electronegative atoms
Solution
F2
F is the most electronegative. Thus, among these diatomic species, F2 is the most redily to
accept electrons from other less electronegative atoms.
evo-devo stands for Evolutionary developmental biology (It compares .pdfanukoolelectronics
evo-devo stands for Evolutionary developmental biology (It compares the developmental
processes of different organisms to infer the ancestral relationships between them and how
developmental processes evolved.)
Solution
evo-devo stands for Evolutionary developmental biology (It compares the developmental
processes of different organisms to infer the ancestral relationships between them and how
developmental processes evolved.).
An s orbital is spherical in shape.Its electron density is uniformly distributed . It is
not at the nucleus B) false
Solution
An s orbital is spherical in shape.Its electron density is uniformly distributed . It is
not at the nucleus B) false.
B. Cryptanalysis is the act of obtaining plain text from cipher text.pdfanukoolelectronics
B. Cryptanalysis is the act of obtaining plain text from cipher text without a key. Cryptanalysis is
the study of breaking encryption systems. Although it can mean obtaining the plain text from the
cipher text without a key, it can also mean that the cryptosystem was cracked because someone
found a weakness in the cryptosystem’s implementation. Such was the case with wired
equivalent privacy (WEP).
Solution
B. Cryptanalysis is the act of obtaining plain text from cipher text without a key. Cryptanalysis is
the study of breaking encryption systems. Although it can mean obtaining the plain text from the
cipher text without a key, it can also mean that the cryptosystem was cracked because someone
found a weakness in the cryptosystem’s implementation. Such was the case with wired
equivalent privacy (WEP)..
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
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unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
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The picture is identified as the negative coccus.Gram-negative bac.pdf
1. The picture is identified as the negative coccus.
Gram-negative bacteria are spread worldwide, in virtually all environments that support life.
They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell
wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane.
Medically relevant gram-negative cocci include the four types that cause a sexually transmitted
disease Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis), and respiratory symptoms
(Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae).
Solution
The picture is identified as the negative coccus.
Gram-negative bacteria are spread worldwide, in virtually all environments that support life.
They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell
wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane.
Medically relevant gram-negative cocci include the four types that cause a sexually transmitted
disease Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis), and respiratory symptoms
(Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae).
