The Phoenicians were enigmatic people, who left little in the way of written records. Much of what we know of them from ancient times was recorded by Greek and Roman historians who mentioned their seamanship and shrewd business dealings.
Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in Canaan which covered most of the western, coastal part of the fertile Crescent. Several major Phoenician cities were built on the coastline of the Mediterranean. It was an enterprising maritime trading culture that spread across the Mediterranean from 1550 BCE to 300 BCE.
After earning his BA in international affairs from Georgetown University, Phillip Zakas went on to found a company called Gridskippr. There, he served as the chairman of the board, president, and chief of product strategy. A person with diverse interests, Phillip Zakas has dived wrecks of ancient Phoenician ships in the Aegean Sea.
The Phoenicians were the great mariners of the ancient world, and their thalassocracy (maritime realm) was organized into city-states. It is important to understand there was never a country or empire called “Phoenicia.” A possible origin of the historical name for this Semitic/Canaanite culture might have come from the ancient Greek Φοινίκη (Phoiníkē) meaning “Purple Land.” That is because the Phoenicians were famous in their own time for their dark purple dye—a rare and prized commodity. Inhabitants of the Phoenician city-states along the Eastern Mediterranean coast (like Sidon and Tyre) might have called themselves Kenaani (Canaanites).
Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in Canaan which covered most of the western, coastal part of the fertile Crescent. Several major Phoenician cities were built on the coastline of the Mediterranean. It was an enterprising maritime trading culture that spread across the Mediterranean from 1550 BCE to 300 BCE.
After earning his BA in international affairs from Georgetown University, Phillip Zakas went on to found a company called Gridskippr. There, he served as the chairman of the board, president, and chief of product strategy. A person with diverse interests, Phillip Zakas has dived wrecks of ancient Phoenician ships in the Aegean Sea.
The Phoenicians were the great mariners of the ancient world, and their thalassocracy (maritime realm) was organized into city-states. It is important to understand there was never a country or empire called “Phoenicia.” A possible origin of the historical name for this Semitic/Canaanite culture might have come from the ancient Greek Φοινίκη (Phoiníkē) meaning “Purple Land.” That is because the Phoenicians were famous in their own time for their dark purple dye—a rare and prized commodity. Inhabitants of the Phoenician city-states along the Eastern Mediterranean coast (like Sidon and Tyre) might have called themselves Kenaani (Canaanites).
Carthage was only one amongst several colonies which the Phoenicians planted along the coasts of the western Mediterranean.
The Carthaginians faced constant threats from the native inhabitants of the area which they had coloized, the Berbers (many of these would later become organized into the powerful kingdoms of Numidia and Mauritania, who, through their alliances with Rome, would help to overthrow Carthage before themselves succumbing to Roman power). From the outset, therefore, Carthage had to maintain itself as a military power.
The city seems to have started out as a dependency of Tyre, but later (c. 650 BCE) gained its independence.
The two most important trends of the early archaic period were the spread of Greek culture and the new governmental model of tyranny. Both had profound effects upon Greek history
Sadigh Gallery aims to inform their clients and readers about lesser-known ancient civilizations that left an interesting legacy. For this blog post, the team will introduce readers to the ancient Minoans who thrived during the Middle Bronze Age on the island of Crete from 3000 until 1100 BC. Here are some interesting facts worth knowing about this civilization
It the study of some Italian students from Reggio Calabria about the Jewish community in their territory. It is an etwinning project with other two schools, a Spanish and a Polish one.
Carthage was only one amongst several colonies which the Phoenicians planted along the coasts of the western Mediterranean.
The Carthaginians faced constant threats from the native inhabitants of the area which they had coloized, the Berbers (many of these would later become organized into the powerful kingdoms of Numidia and Mauritania, who, through their alliances with Rome, would help to overthrow Carthage before themselves succumbing to Roman power). From the outset, therefore, Carthage had to maintain itself as a military power.
The city seems to have started out as a dependency of Tyre, but later (c. 650 BCE) gained its independence.
The two most important trends of the early archaic period were the spread of Greek culture and the new governmental model of tyranny. Both had profound effects upon Greek history
Sadigh Gallery aims to inform their clients and readers about lesser-known ancient civilizations that left an interesting legacy. For this blog post, the team will introduce readers to the ancient Minoans who thrived during the Middle Bronze Age on the island of Crete from 3000 until 1100 BC. Here are some interesting facts worth knowing about this civilization
It the study of some Italian students from Reggio Calabria about the Jewish community in their territory. It is an etwinning project with other two schools, a Spanish and a Polish one.
Humans are in born explorers. Throughout history, one of the deepest human impulses has been the
drive to voyages to explore, encounter, and reveal the unknown. The history of exploration is complete
with noteworthy success stories and the unfortunate failures of many explorers. People have always
been curious about the world and this quest for knowledge has driven explorers on bold adventures
throughout the ages. Voyages and Exploration has also been motivated by the desire for wealth and
power, the wish to spread one’s culture and religion, and the need to reach new trading partners. Many
navigational tools and map-making developed over time have enabled explorers to reach these goals.
On Sadigh Gallery, the professionals that work there, its beloved patrons, and the Gallery's guarantee. Sadigh Gallery provides affordable and legitimate ancient artworks and coins for collectors of every level. With convivial service, the company has cultivated warm, trusting, and honest relationships with many of its decadeslong customers.
Shop rare and important antiquities, including jewelry and coins from various cultures. All Orders by Phone Only. Call us Toll Free at 1(800)426-2007 or 1(212)725-7537 to place your order(s). All artifacts come with a Lifetime Certificate of Authenticity.
Mesopotamia is believed to be the cradle of civilization in the west. Its name literally means land between rivers as it is located between the Tigrus and Euphrates rivers. Mesopotamia included Sumer and the Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian empires, all of which are native to what is now Iraq.
Find what you want to know about us or our services here. If you do not find answers, you can always contact us by calling the gallery toll free (800)426-2007
If you have been looking for the perfect items to decorate your home with, you may want to consider antiques. While some wonder why anyone would want to embellish their home with old items, the truth is that there are some great advantages to investing in antiques.
Artworks and artifacts tend to fetch a high price because of the historical value they hold, Sadigh Gallery shares. This is why it comes as no surprise that the most coveted pieces also come from the most significant places in our history. In this blog, find out more about some beautiful treasures from the Holy Land
50% off all artifacts from Sadigh Gallery's Sensational Discounts Flyer. Shop rare and important antiquities, including jewelry and coins from various cultures. All Orders by Phone Only. Call us Toll Free at 1(800)426-2007 or 1(212)725-7537 to place your order(s). All items guaranteed authentic and come with a Lifetime Certificate of Authenticity.
With a rather elementary understanding, a work of art is often recognized and appreciated for its mere appearance. However, as Sadigh Gallery has experienced in its business, the work of art becomes even more valuable because of the story that it has to share. This is true even for the masterpieces. Here are some little-known facts about the Mona Lisa
Ancient Greece has a certain familiar presence in modern times, from the Trojan War and Odysseus to the commanding presence of the Parthenon. Art has an important role in keeping the ancient culture alive and well no matter the passage of time. Here’s a quick introduction to ancient Greek art, which still delights and keeps art enthusiasts and collectors in awe.
50% Off Everything! Shop rare and important antiquities, including jewelry and coins from various cultures. All Orders by Phone Only. Call us Toll Free at 1(800)426-2007 or 1(212)725-7537 to place your order(s). All artifacts guaranteed authentic and come with a Lifetime Certificate Authenticity.
Campania was colonized by Ancient Greeks and was part of Magna Graecia. Magna Graecia, meaning Great Greece in Latin, is the name of the coastal areas of Southern Italy on the Tarentine Gulf that were extensively colonized by Greek settlers. The colonists, i.e. the Greeks, who began arriving in the 8th century BC, brought with them their Hellenic cultures, which left a lasting impression on Italy, particularly on the culture of ancient Rome. The capital city of Campania is Naples. Ancient sites such as Pompeii, Herculaneum, Paestum, Velia and Mount Vesuvius are all located in Campania.
Shop rare and important antiquities, including jewelry and coins from various cultures. All Orders by Phone Only. Call us Toll Free at 1(800)426-2007 or 1(212)725-7537 to place your order(s)
Archaeologists, both professional and amateur ones, unearth wonders from tens of thousands of years past. Every once in a while, their discoveries are incredibly puzzling that they remain unexplained. These invaluable artifacts spark conversations and further discoveries in order to prove and explain their existence.
Get 50% Off authentic artifacts, including jewelry and coins from Sadigh Gallery's 2021 Huge Spring Flyer. All Orders by Phone Only. Call us Toll Free at 1(800)426-2007 or 1(212)725-7537 to place your order(s). Every artifact comes with a Lifetime Certificate of Authenticity.
Collecting coins is both fascinating and rewarding. But a lot of people have the idea that this hobby is only for the rich. You’d be surprised to know that there are tons of collectors out there of different income groups, nationalities, genders, and age. Here are some tips to get you started.
The value of ancient artifacts cannot be stressed enough within the context of history. They provide the people with ways of assessing cultural, social, and other anthropological realities of past civilizations. They offer a valuable perspective on human history by providing a complete picture of the changes societies go through following social and environmental upheavals.
Get 50% Off authentic artifacts, including jewelry and coins from Sadigh Gallery's 2021 Fantastic Savings Flyer. All Orders by Phone Only. Call us Toll Free at 1(800)426-2007 or 1(212)725-7537 to place your order(s). Every artifact comes with a Lifetime Certificate of Authenticity.
Get 50% Off authentic antiquities, including jewelry and coins from Sadigh Gallery's 2021 Winter Sale. All Orders by Phone Only. Call us Toll Free at 1(800)426-2007 or 1(212)725-7537 to place your order(s). Every artifact comes with a Lifetime Certificate of Authenticity.
The value of ancient artifacts cannot be stressed enough within the context of history. They provide the people with ways of assessing cultural, social, and other anthropological realities of past civilizations. They offer a valuable perspective on human history by providing a comple
Shop Sadigh Gallery's 2021 New Year's Sale. 50% off everything from this flyer. Unique, rare and important antiquities, jewelry and coins from various cultures. All Orders by Phone Only. Call us Toll Free at 1(800)426-2007 or 1(212)725-7537 to place your order(s). All items come with a Lifetime Certificate of Authenticity.
thGAP - BAbyss in Moderno!! Transgenic Human Germline Alternatives ProjectMarc Dusseiller Dusjagr
thGAP - Transgenic Human Germline Alternatives Project, presents an evening of input lectures, discussions and a performative workshop on artistic interventions for future scenarios of human genetic and inheritable modifications.
To begin our lecturers, Marc Dusseiller aka "dusjagr" and Rodrigo Martin Iglesias, will give an overview of their transdisciplinary practices, including the history of hackteria, a global network for sharing knowledge to involve artists in hands-on and Do-It-With-Others (DIWO) working with the lifesciences, and reflections on future scenarios from the 8-bit computer games of the 80ies to current real-world endeavous of genetically modifiying the human species.
We will then follow up with discussions and hands-on experiments on working with embryos, ovums, gametes, genetic materials from code to slime, in a creative and playful workshop setup, where all paticipant can collaborate on artistic interventions into the germline of a post-human future.
2137ad Merindol Colony Interiors where refugee try to build a seemengly norm...luforfor
This are the interiors of the Merindol Colony in 2137ad after the Climate Change Collapse and the Apocalipse Wars. Merindol is a small Colony in the Italian Alps where there are around 4000 humans. The Colony values mainly around meritocracy and selection by effort.
2137ad - Characters that live in Merindol and are at the center of main storiesluforfor
Kurgan is a russian expatriate that is secretly in love with Sonia Contado. Henry is a british soldier that took refuge in Merindol Colony in 2137ad. He is the lover of Sonia Contado.
The Legacy of Breton In A New Age by Master Terrance LindallBBaez1
Brave Destiny 2003 for the Future for Technocratic Surrealmageddon Destiny for Andre Breton Legacy in Agenda 21 Technocratic Great Reset for Prison Planet Earth Galactica! The Prophecy of the Surreal Blasphemous Desires from the Paradise Lost Governments!
Explore the multifaceted world of Muntadher Saleh, an Iraqi polymath renowned for his expertise in visual art, writing, design, and pharmacy. This SlideShare delves into his innovative contributions across various disciplines, showcasing his unique ability to blend traditional themes with modern aesthetics. Learn about his impactful artworks, thought-provoking literary pieces, and his vision as a Neo-Pop artist dedicated to raising awareness about Iraq's cultural heritage. Discover why Muntadher Saleh is celebrated as "The Last Polymath" and how his multidisciplinary talents continue to inspire and influence.
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The Phoenicians
The Phoenicians were enigmatic people, who left little in the way of written records. Much of what
we know of them from ancient times was recorded by Greek and Roman historians who mentioned
their seamanship and shrewd business dealings.
Napoleon III put modern historians in touch with the Phoenicians. While subduing a revolt in
Syria, he called upon the French scholar, Ernest Renan, to lead an expedition to the area, much as
Napoleon the Great had done some fifty years earlier when he brought a group of scholars to Egypt
during his campaign.
Because of Renan’s interest in Semitic languages, he was particularly keen on investigating the site
of Byblos. In addition to being a major Phoenician port, the name held linguistic implications.
“Byblos” the Greek word for papyrus, leads to “biblion” or book, while lead to “bible”. Renan was
pursuing an Old Testament reference, “Gebel”, which was the Semitic name for Byblos. The trail
ultimately lead to nothing for Renan’s linguistic research, but during the investigation he found
several granite slabs covered with Egyptian hieroglyphs, and a bas-relief, which he believed to be
the goddess Hathor. The relief was, in fact, Baalat-Global the Phoenician earth-mother goddess.
This find was the beginning of the rediscovery of ancient Phoenicia.
Later, excavations that are more extensive produced a series of semi-intact royal tombs that
yielded a glimpse of Phoenician treasure, including vessels of gold, silver, and obsidian, sandals
and breastplates of gold, and an array of royal paraphernalia. The most important find, however,
was an inscription in the Phoenician alphabet on an elaborate sarcophagus:
“This coffin was made by Ithobaal, the son of Ahiram, King of Byblos, as the eternal resting place
for his father. If any ruler or governor or general attacks Byblos and touches this coffin, his scepter
will be broken…”
This discovery in 1922 touched off a wave of excavation in Byblos and a renewed interest in the
origin of the Phoenicians. Since ancient times, there has been speculation as to the origin of the
Phoenicians. The Greeks were particularly puzzled by the Phoenicians who suddenly appeared and
built an empire in their midst.
They, in fact, gave them the name, “phoinikes” loosely translated as “red people” from the color of
their land. The Phoenicians called themselves Canaanites, and modern researchers tell us they
were the descendents of two groups, the early Canaanites who inhabited the coast of Lebanon, and
the Sea People who invaded Lebanon about 1200 BC.
The early Canaanites had a limited ship building technology, sailing only flat-bottomed barges that
hugged the shore. The invading Sea People, some of whom stayed on, introduced among other
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things, a much more sophisticated maritime technology. Thus their descendents, the Phoenicians,
appeared on the scene with an established maritime tradition, and the technology to build ships
with a keeled hull. This allowed them to sail the open seas, and as a result, the Phoenicians
developed a flourishing sea trade.
They settled along the coast of Lebanon, in a loose federation of city-states that were built on
islands of rocky promontories, which provided natural harbors for shipbuilding and trade. The
cities, Byblos, Tyre, Sidon, Arwad, studded the seacoast like jewels, and their wealth became
legendary. At the height of their trading empire, they imported copper from Cyprus; linen from
Egypt; ivory from India; tin from Spain; horses from Anatolia; and peacocks from Africa. They
became famous for their highly prized purple dye extracted from the murex snail, and for the fine
timber cut from their forests.
Their major cultural contribution was their alphabet. It consisted of 22 consonants, and was the
foundation of our English alphabet, and it was the core for Hebrew, Arabic, and Syriac script.
The Phoenicians were skilled artisans noted for their fine crafts, often “borrowing” a basic idea or
technology and improving on it. The craft of glass making was raised to a fine art by Phoenician
artisans, and they may have been the first to develop blown glass. Their terracotta vessels and pots
often show a thoughtful refinement of shape, as do their votive statues.
The Phoenicians worshipped a triad of deities, each having different names and attributes
depending upon the city in which they were worshipped, although their basic nature remained the
same. The primary god was El, protector of the universe, but often called Baal.
The son, Baal or Melqart, symbolized the annual cycle of vegetation and was associated with the
female deity Astarte in her role as the maternal goddess. She was called Asherar-yam, Our Lady of
the Sea, and in Byblos, she was Baalat, our dear lady. Astarte was linked with mother goddesses of
neighboring cultures, in her role as combined heavenly mother and each mother. Cult statues of
Astarte in many different forms were left as votive offerings in shrines and sanctuaries as prayers
for good harvest, for children, and for protection and tranquility in the home. The Phoenician triad
was incorporated in varying degrees by their neighbors and Baal and Astarte eventually took on the
look of Greek deities.
The Phoenicians reached the peak of their culture around 1,000 BC, when they had established
trading colonies in Cyprus, Sicily, Sardinia, Africa and Spain. Their North African city of Cartage
was founded about 800 BC and remained strong until the sack of the Romans in 146 BC. The great
city-states of Phoenicia ended with the fall of Tyre to the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar in 573
BC. The glory of the Phoenicians was in decline, when in 332 BC Alexander the Great conquered
Tyre and the remnants of the Phoenician culture were swept into the Hellenistic Empire.