The document discusses the MEAN stack, which is a full-stack JavaScript framework that uses MongoDB, ExpressJS, AngularJS, and Node.js. It provides an overview of each component, explaining that MongoDB is the database, ExpressJS is the web application framework, AngularJS is the front-end framework, and Node.js is the web server. The MEAN stack allows for full-stack development with JavaScript and provides benefits like asynchronous communication and being easy to start developing with.