The lithium market experienced a sharp drop in demand in 2009 due to the global economic downturn. Industrial production fell significantly between 2008 and 2009 in major economies like the US, Europe, and Japan, which account for 60% of lithium demand. Chinese industrial output, however, remained positive due to fiscal stimulus and GDP grew by 8.7%. Global lithium consumption decreased by around 15% in 2009 compared to average annual growth of 6% from 2000 to 2008, as the market is dominated by industrial applications sensitive to economic conditions. Demand is expected to recover as the global economy improves.
2007:Botswana – Recent Economic Developments and Prospectseconsultbw
- Botswana's GDP growth was -0.8% in 2005/06, mainly due to declines in the mining sector, though underlying non-mining growth has been picking up slowly.
- Inflation has declined steadily since early 2006 to 7.4% in January 2007 due to falling oil prices, faster than expected.
- Exchange rates have stabilized due to a slightly reduced crawling peg, restoring competitiveness, while foreign exchange reserves have more than doubled since 2003.
- Exports have become more diversified away from diamonds in recent years, though diamond exports still account for the majority, and exports are growing faster than imports.
The document discusses the economic outlook for Asia in light of the global financial crisis. It finds that while emerging Asia led global growth to date, the region is now more exposed and correlated to economic conditions in the US and advanced economies. A downturn in the US is estimated to slow growth in emerging Asia by 0.25-0.5 percentage points. However, country exposures vary widely within Asia. The outlook notes downside risks remain significant given increased trade and financial linkages with the US.
This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Gold Mining in Metric Tons. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, South Africa, and Rest of World. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for each region for the period 2007 through 2012. Also, a six-year historic analysis is provided for these markets. The report profiles 106 companies including many key and niche players such as AngloGold Ashanti Limited, Barrick Gold Corporation, Compa
This document provides an overview and outlook of commodity markets from Neal Brewster of Rio Tinto Economics Department. It summarizes that the global financial crisis caused the largest economic shock since WWII but commodity prices have rebounded strongly from lows. While developed economies are in recovery, underlying growth may be limited. Chinese demand has been the main driver of commodities, with imports and investment surging, but long-term Chinese growth relies on a shift to domestic consumption. Various commodity markets are discussed, including excess aluminum and iron ore capacity balanced by constrained copper supply and Chinese demand. Future metals consumption growth depends on developing world population and wealth increases.
Drivers in the minor metals market beyond 2020Neal Brewster
The minor metals markets represent significant investment opportunities but face challenges over the next decade from economic, sustainability, and consumer demand trends. Three main factors will influence these markets - the global economic outlook, sustainability concerns regarding costs and supply, and shifting consumer and end use trends. While global economic growth is expected to be modest in the near term, the world's population and developing economies provide opportunities for increased metals consumption. However, pressures are rising around improving sustainability in the mining sector, which could significantly impact supply. Both producers and customers will need to respond through improving industry returns, reducing pollution and impacts, creating socio-economic benefits, and minimizing resource use. Roskill consulting can provide in-depth analysis and support to leverage opportunities and address challenges
This document provides a comparative study of consumer trends in Latin America and Asia-Pacific emerging markets. It finds that while incomes are rising across these regions, Latin America suffers from greater income inequality which impacts spending patterns. The middle class makes up a smaller portion of households in Latin America compared to Asia-Pacific. Looking ahead, the document predicts technology and communications as well as health and wellness will be growing consumer sectors in these emerging markets in the coming years as incomes rise further.
This document provides an overview of Terex Corporation and its business segments. It discusses how Terex is positioned for long-term trends in global construction and energy demand. It also notes that while the current economic environment presents near-term challenges, Terex has leading market positions and is taking actions to manage through the downturn such as reducing production and costs. Key long-term drivers for Terex's business are expected to be growth in developing markets and infrastructure and energy projects.
2007:Botswana – Recent Economic Developments and Prospectseconsultbw
- Botswana's GDP growth was -0.8% in 2005/06, mainly due to declines in the mining sector, though underlying non-mining growth has been picking up slowly.
- Inflation has declined steadily since early 2006 to 7.4% in January 2007 due to falling oil prices, faster than expected.
- Exchange rates have stabilized due to a slightly reduced crawling peg, restoring competitiveness, while foreign exchange reserves have more than doubled since 2003.
- Exports have become more diversified away from diamonds in recent years, though diamond exports still account for the majority, and exports are growing faster than imports.
The document discusses the economic outlook for Asia in light of the global financial crisis. It finds that while emerging Asia led global growth to date, the region is now more exposed and correlated to economic conditions in the US and advanced economies. A downturn in the US is estimated to slow growth in emerging Asia by 0.25-0.5 percentage points. However, country exposures vary widely within Asia. The outlook notes downside risks remain significant given increased trade and financial linkages with the US.
This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Gold Mining in Metric Tons. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, South Africa, and Rest of World. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for each region for the period 2007 through 2012. Also, a six-year historic analysis is provided for these markets. The report profiles 106 companies including many key and niche players such as AngloGold Ashanti Limited, Barrick Gold Corporation, Compa
This document provides an overview and outlook of commodity markets from Neal Brewster of Rio Tinto Economics Department. It summarizes that the global financial crisis caused the largest economic shock since WWII but commodity prices have rebounded strongly from lows. While developed economies are in recovery, underlying growth may be limited. Chinese demand has been the main driver of commodities, with imports and investment surging, but long-term Chinese growth relies on a shift to domestic consumption. Various commodity markets are discussed, including excess aluminum and iron ore capacity balanced by constrained copper supply and Chinese demand. Future metals consumption growth depends on developing world population and wealth increases.
Drivers in the minor metals market beyond 2020Neal Brewster
The minor metals markets represent significant investment opportunities but face challenges over the next decade from economic, sustainability, and consumer demand trends. Three main factors will influence these markets - the global economic outlook, sustainability concerns regarding costs and supply, and shifting consumer and end use trends. While global economic growth is expected to be modest in the near term, the world's population and developing economies provide opportunities for increased metals consumption. However, pressures are rising around improving sustainability in the mining sector, which could significantly impact supply. Both producers and customers will need to respond through improving industry returns, reducing pollution and impacts, creating socio-economic benefits, and minimizing resource use. Roskill consulting can provide in-depth analysis and support to leverage opportunities and address challenges
This document provides a comparative study of consumer trends in Latin America and Asia-Pacific emerging markets. It finds that while incomes are rising across these regions, Latin America suffers from greater income inequality which impacts spending patterns. The middle class makes up a smaller portion of households in Latin America compared to Asia-Pacific. Looking ahead, the document predicts technology and communications as well as health and wellness will be growing consumer sectors in these emerging markets in the coming years as incomes rise further.
This document provides an overview of Terex Corporation and its business segments. It discusses how Terex is positioned for long-term trends in global construction and energy demand. It also notes that while the current economic environment presents near-term challenges, Terex has leading market positions and is taking actions to manage through the downturn such as reducing production and costs. Key long-term drivers for Terex's business are expected to be growth in developing markets and infrastructure and energy projects.
Monthly statistical e-bulletin comprising about 30 tables and some charts with the latest available economic/financial market indicators, both Indian and Global.
The global market research industry experienced its first decline since 1988, with turnover falling 3.7% to $28.9 billion in 2009. Europe saw the largest decline at 4.8% as most regions were negatively impacted by the economic downturn. While North America fared better with a 3.8% decline, 64 countries saw decreases after adjusting for inflation, including 23 of the top 25 markets. Looking ahead, the report forecasts continued challenges but hopes for a return to growth in 2010.
This presentation summarises recent macroeconomic developments in Latvia and outlines a medium-term outlook for real GDP and inflation. Presentation reviews ongoing economic recovery, labour market issues and includes analyses on core factors behind the path of inflation. The main focus of the presentation is on the issue of competitiveness of the Latvian economy pointing to the costs adjustment process and productivity gains, as well as presenting export performance, market shares and current account developments. Presentation also features slides on monetary and financial market developments.
India's international trade and investmentMohit Malviya
India's international trade and foreign direct investment has grown substantially in recent years. Between 2002 and 2008, India's total merchandise trade increased from $95 billion to $391 billion, with exports growing at an average rate of 24.5% and imports growing 30.3% annually. Major trading partners for both exports and imports include the US, China, UAE, and Saudi Arabia. Trade has shifted towards developing Asian countries, with Asia's share of exports increasing from 39% to 52% during 2001-2008. Foreign direct investment inflows and outflows have also increased significantly.
External risks continue to threaten the global economy but Korea’s economic growth will likely improve in the second half of 2011 and free trade agreements are poised to increase expansion substantially. Those were among the points made at the Korean Economic Forum, co-hosted by Samsung Economic Research Institute and the Korea JoongAng Daily at the Hotel Shilla on May 25. Among the many distinguished guests were ambassadors, CEOs and foreign correspondents.
Hans Stråberg, President and CEO of Electrolux, presented the Q3 2009 results. The key points included:
- Record high earnings and improved results in all regions due to cost savings, price and mix improvements, and lower raw material costs despite weak market demand.
- Continued strong cash flow with over SEK 3.5 billion better operating cash flow than Q3 2008 due to positive earnings and improved working capital.
- All consumer durable regions showed cost reductions and mix improvements leading to increased margins despite weak markets, with Latin America seeing strong demand and Asia Pacific gaining market share.
The Future of Pharma: A U.S. Sector ReviewCognizant
The future of U.S. pharma will depend on companies diversifying products and services to address global demand, as well as adopting new operating models that boost R&D productivity.
This document summarizes the Q1 2010 results conference call of a company that produces motors, automation systems, energy transmission and distribution equipment, and paints. The call notes that the economic recovery is gradual, with growth coming first from consumers and shorter cycle industrial products. The company's revenues decreased year-over-year due to FX impacts. Profitability improved through cost controls despite lower revenues. Contact information is provided for investors.
This document summarizes the China PC market outlook for 2010 from a research report published in May 2010 by IDC. Some key points:
- PC shipments in China are expected to reach 2 billion units by 2010, signifying the arrival of the digital era in China. Notebook PC shipments are forecasted to reach 51% of the total China PC market in 2010.
- The Chinese economy is expected to continue strong growth in 2010, with GDP growth projected between 9.5-11%. However, rising commodity prices may lead to higher inflation.
- Within the IT industry, the consumer market is expected to continue driving growth, while the enterprise market remains steady. The notebook and mobile computing segments are seen
Recent Economic Developments in Latvia and Medium-term OutlookLatvijas Banka
After strong growth in 2011, Latvia's GDP is expected to slow in 2012 due to weakening external demand. Export performance supported domestic demand recovery in 2011. Inflation increased in 2011 due to global price rises and indirect tax changes. Unemployment continued declining in 2011 and competitiveness improved as wage growth matched productivity and export market shares grew. Current account deficits narrowed significantly from pre-crisis levels. Monetary policy remains tight with high capital reserves and liquidity while non-performing loans peaked in late 2010 and have shown signs of improvement.
Roland berger investment_banking_20120710shaikhsalman
The document discusses the outlook for the global investment banking industry in summer 2012. It makes the following key points:
1) Global investment banking revenues are projected to be in the range of EUR 200-260 billion for 2012, depending on how the European sovereign debt crisis unfolds. This represents only a small increase or potential decrease from 2011 levels.
2) Performance in investment banking strongly differed between peer groups in 2011-2012. Emerging markets players grew while many mid-sized developed markets players came under pressure.
3) Unless major changes are made to business models, return on equity for most investment banks is expected to remain in the single digits. Significant restructuring and job cuts may be needed for the
Apl investor presentation may 2012 final versionParish Aggarwal
- Consolidated total income for Q4 FY 2011-12 grew by 29.3% to Rs. 2546 crores compared to the same period last year.
- Operating profit grew by 32.7% to Rs. 351.3 crores and profit after tax grew by 39.5% to Rs. 259.5 crores.
- Material costs increased by 32% due to rising input prices, impacting operating margins.
- Other income increased substantially due to treasury income and dividend received from subsidiaries.
- Fastenal Company reported financial results for Q3 2009, with net sales down 21.7% and net earnings down 34.7% from Q3 2008. For the first nine months of 2009, net sales were down 19% and net earnings down 35.6% compared to the same period in 2008.
- The weakened economy continues to negatively impact Fastenal's business, particularly sales to manufacturing and non-residential construction customers. However, steps taken through the "pathway to profit" initiative have helped stabilize costs.
- Fastenal opened 45 new stores in the first nine months of 2009, increased its dividends, and generated strong operating cash flow despite economic challenges.
The presentation discusses Sherwin-Williams, a global coatings manufacturer. It provides an overview of the company, the coatings industry, and Sherwin-Williams' competitive advantages. These include a diversified customer base, controlled distribution network, leading brands, investment in technology, and a strategy of growth through acquisitions. Financial highlights show Sherwin-Williams has maintained profitability and strong cash flows despite challenges in its end markets.
This document provides a summary of CMC's financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2006. Key highlights include:
- Revenue was up 25% year-over-year to Rs. 251.23 crore. Profit after tax was up 1% to Rs. 16.16 crore.
- Margins improved with EBITDA up 74% to Rs. 22.09 crore. Profit before tax declined 17% to Rs. 20.19 crore due to lower other income.
- The services segment saw strong growth with revenues up 47% year-over-year. International revenues increased 60% and now make up 34% of total revenue.
- Systems integration
The document is Iochpe-Maxion's 1Q09 earnings release which summarizes the company's financial performance in the first quarter of 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. Key highlights include a 27.4% reduction in consolidated net operating revenue to R$290.6 million. EBITDA fell 58.1% to R$25.2 million and the company reported a net loss of R$3.2 million compared to a net profit in 1Q08. Exports declined 40.3% in US dollar terms. The earnings decline was driven by reductions in vehicle production and demand across key markets including Brazil, North America, and Europe.
(TSX.V-AAL) Small cap lithium exploration & development company. Assets located in Clayton Valley (Nevada) and in the heart of Argentina;s lithium triangle. Award-winning team with strong record in making discoveries and building companies.Company has drilled lithium brine in multiple holes at Clayton Valley, adjacent to Albemarle's lithium brine operation, and is partnered with Orocobre, one of the world's largest lithium producers, on the Cauchari (Argentina) asset, which hosts a a near-surface resource with a large exploration target. Orocobre owns 31% of Advantage.
Lithium is approved for treating bipolar disorder and is dosed based on achieving a target serum level. Common side effects include thyroid dysfunction, diabetes insipidus, tremor, weight gain and cognitive impairment. Dosing must be adjusted for renal impairment and in elderly patients due to reduced clearance. Lithium has a half-life of 14-24 hours and is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. Monitoring of serum levels and side effects is important during long-term lithium treatment.
The document discusses the history of electric vehicles and how they were produced but then destroyed to protect oil industry profits. It describes some early electric vehicles like the GM EV1 and Nissan Hypermini that showed promise but were taken back and dismantled by the automakers. Alternative fuel vehicles like hydrogen and water-powered cars that were developed were also not widely adopted. The oil and auto industries have worked to suppress new technologies that threaten oil consumption in order to keep prices and profits high.
Both the Nissan Leaf and the Tesla Model S prove as top contenders in the world market of electric cars. In this 2015, Tesla Motors’ Model S leads in the United States economy, whereas the Nissan Leaf takes first within the global arena of sales. Government bonuses increase the attractiveness of purchasing one of these vehicle types.
Monthly statistical e-bulletin comprising about 30 tables and some charts with the latest available economic/financial market indicators, both Indian and Global.
The global market research industry experienced its first decline since 1988, with turnover falling 3.7% to $28.9 billion in 2009. Europe saw the largest decline at 4.8% as most regions were negatively impacted by the economic downturn. While North America fared better with a 3.8% decline, 64 countries saw decreases after adjusting for inflation, including 23 of the top 25 markets. Looking ahead, the report forecasts continued challenges but hopes for a return to growth in 2010.
This presentation summarises recent macroeconomic developments in Latvia and outlines a medium-term outlook for real GDP and inflation. Presentation reviews ongoing economic recovery, labour market issues and includes analyses on core factors behind the path of inflation. The main focus of the presentation is on the issue of competitiveness of the Latvian economy pointing to the costs adjustment process and productivity gains, as well as presenting export performance, market shares and current account developments. Presentation also features slides on monetary and financial market developments.
India's international trade and investmentMohit Malviya
India's international trade and foreign direct investment has grown substantially in recent years. Between 2002 and 2008, India's total merchandise trade increased from $95 billion to $391 billion, with exports growing at an average rate of 24.5% and imports growing 30.3% annually. Major trading partners for both exports and imports include the US, China, UAE, and Saudi Arabia. Trade has shifted towards developing Asian countries, with Asia's share of exports increasing from 39% to 52% during 2001-2008. Foreign direct investment inflows and outflows have also increased significantly.
External risks continue to threaten the global economy but Korea’s economic growth will likely improve in the second half of 2011 and free trade agreements are poised to increase expansion substantially. Those were among the points made at the Korean Economic Forum, co-hosted by Samsung Economic Research Institute and the Korea JoongAng Daily at the Hotel Shilla on May 25. Among the many distinguished guests were ambassadors, CEOs and foreign correspondents.
Hans Stråberg, President and CEO of Electrolux, presented the Q3 2009 results. The key points included:
- Record high earnings and improved results in all regions due to cost savings, price and mix improvements, and lower raw material costs despite weak market demand.
- Continued strong cash flow with over SEK 3.5 billion better operating cash flow than Q3 2008 due to positive earnings and improved working capital.
- All consumer durable regions showed cost reductions and mix improvements leading to increased margins despite weak markets, with Latin America seeing strong demand and Asia Pacific gaining market share.
The Future of Pharma: A U.S. Sector ReviewCognizant
The future of U.S. pharma will depend on companies diversifying products and services to address global demand, as well as adopting new operating models that boost R&D productivity.
This document summarizes the Q1 2010 results conference call of a company that produces motors, automation systems, energy transmission and distribution equipment, and paints. The call notes that the economic recovery is gradual, with growth coming first from consumers and shorter cycle industrial products. The company's revenues decreased year-over-year due to FX impacts. Profitability improved through cost controls despite lower revenues. Contact information is provided for investors.
This document summarizes the China PC market outlook for 2010 from a research report published in May 2010 by IDC. Some key points:
- PC shipments in China are expected to reach 2 billion units by 2010, signifying the arrival of the digital era in China. Notebook PC shipments are forecasted to reach 51% of the total China PC market in 2010.
- The Chinese economy is expected to continue strong growth in 2010, with GDP growth projected between 9.5-11%. However, rising commodity prices may lead to higher inflation.
- Within the IT industry, the consumer market is expected to continue driving growth, while the enterprise market remains steady. The notebook and mobile computing segments are seen
Recent Economic Developments in Latvia and Medium-term OutlookLatvijas Banka
After strong growth in 2011, Latvia's GDP is expected to slow in 2012 due to weakening external demand. Export performance supported domestic demand recovery in 2011. Inflation increased in 2011 due to global price rises and indirect tax changes. Unemployment continued declining in 2011 and competitiveness improved as wage growth matched productivity and export market shares grew. Current account deficits narrowed significantly from pre-crisis levels. Monetary policy remains tight with high capital reserves and liquidity while non-performing loans peaked in late 2010 and have shown signs of improvement.
Roland berger investment_banking_20120710shaikhsalman
The document discusses the outlook for the global investment banking industry in summer 2012. It makes the following key points:
1) Global investment banking revenues are projected to be in the range of EUR 200-260 billion for 2012, depending on how the European sovereign debt crisis unfolds. This represents only a small increase or potential decrease from 2011 levels.
2) Performance in investment banking strongly differed between peer groups in 2011-2012. Emerging markets players grew while many mid-sized developed markets players came under pressure.
3) Unless major changes are made to business models, return on equity for most investment banks is expected to remain in the single digits. Significant restructuring and job cuts may be needed for the
Apl investor presentation may 2012 final versionParish Aggarwal
- Consolidated total income for Q4 FY 2011-12 grew by 29.3% to Rs. 2546 crores compared to the same period last year.
- Operating profit grew by 32.7% to Rs. 351.3 crores and profit after tax grew by 39.5% to Rs. 259.5 crores.
- Material costs increased by 32% due to rising input prices, impacting operating margins.
- Other income increased substantially due to treasury income and dividend received from subsidiaries.
- Fastenal Company reported financial results for Q3 2009, with net sales down 21.7% and net earnings down 34.7% from Q3 2008. For the first nine months of 2009, net sales were down 19% and net earnings down 35.6% compared to the same period in 2008.
- The weakened economy continues to negatively impact Fastenal's business, particularly sales to manufacturing and non-residential construction customers. However, steps taken through the "pathway to profit" initiative have helped stabilize costs.
- Fastenal opened 45 new stores in the first nine months of 2009, increased its dividends, and generated strong operating cash flow despite economic challenges.
The presentation discusses Sherwin-Williams, a global coatings manufacturer. It provides an overview of the company, the coatings industry, and Sherwin-Williams' competitive advantages. These include a diversified customer base, controlled distribution network, leading brands, investment in technology, and a strategy of growth through acquisitions. Financial highlights show Sherwin-Williams has maintained profitability and strong cash flows despite challenges in its end markets.
This document provides a summary of CMC's financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2006. Key highlights include:
- Revenue was up 25% year-over-year to Rs. 251.23 crore. Profit after tax was up 1% to Rs. 16.16 crore.
- Margins improved with EBITDA up 74% to Rs. 22.09 crore. Profit before tax declined 17% to Rs. 20.19 crore due to lower other income.
- The services segment saw strong growth with revenues up 47% year-over-year. International revenues increased 60% and now make up 34% of total revenue.
- Systems integration
The document is Iochpe-Maxion's 1Q09 earnings release which summarizes the company's financial performance in the first quarter of 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. Key highlights include a 27.4% reduction in consolidated net operating revenue to R$290.6 million. EBITDA fell 58.1% to R$25.2 million and the company reported a net loss of R$3.2 million compared to a net profit in 1Q08. Exports declined 40.3% in US dollar terms. The earnings decline was driven by reductions in vehicle production and demand across key markets including Brazil, North America, and Europe.
(TSX.V-AAL) Small cap lithium exploration & development company. Assets located in Clayton Valley (Nevada) and in the heart of Argentina;s lithium triangle. Award-winning team with strong record in making discoveries and building companies.Company has drilled lithium brine in multiple holes at Clayton Valley, adjacent to Albemarle's lithium brine operation, and is partnered with Orocobre, one of the world's largest lithium producers, on the Cauchari (Argentina) asset, which hosts a a near-surface resource with a large exploration target. Orocobre owns 31% of Advantage.
Lithium is approved for treating bipolar disorder and is dosed based on achieving a target serum level. Common side effects include thyroid dysfunction, diabetes insipidus, tremor, weight gain and cognitive impairment. Dosing must be adjusted for renal impairment and in elderly patients due to reduced clearance. Lithium has a half-life of 14-24 hours and is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. Monitoring of serum levels and side effects is important during long-term lithium treatment.
The document discusses the history of electric vehicles and how they were produced but then destroyed to protect oil industry profits. It describes some early electric vehicles like the GM EV1 and Nissan Hypermini that showed promise but were taken back and dismantled by the automakers. Alternative fuel vehicles like hydrogen and water-powered cars that were developed were also not widely adopted. The oil and auto industries have worked to suppress new technologies that threaten oil consumption in order to keep prices and profits high.
Both the Nissan Leaf and the Tesla Model S prove as top contenders in the world market of electric cars. In this 2015, Tesla Motors’ Model S leads in the United States economy, whereas the Nissan Leaf takes first within the global arena of sales. Government bonuses increase the attractiveness of purchasing one of these vehicle types.
Pan American Lithium Corp. is a junior mining company engaged in acquiring and exploring lithium properties in Latin America. It has a portfolio of 11 lithium projects in Chile covering over 20,000 hectares, including mineral and water rights. Key projects include Laguna Verde with an inferred resource of over 500,000 tons lithium carbonate equivalent, and Rio de la Sal/Pedernales and Llanta which show promising lithium grades from initial exploration. The company aims to advance these projects through further exploration work including resource estimates to evaluate their development potential.
Lithium Supply & Markets 2010 Chairman\'s Opening SpeechSimon Moores
1. The document summarizes the key developments in the lithium industry in 2009-2010, including increased interest and investment in lithium resources and production from automakers seeking to develop electric vehicles.
2. Major supply developments included projects moving to production by companies like Galaxy Resources, increased exploration of resources in countries like Bolivia, and emerging production centers in locations like Nevada, Canada, and Argentina.
3. The automotive industry shifted its thinking towards electric vehicles due to the economic recession and government stimulus programs, with many major automakers announcing major investments in electric vehicle technologies.
This document provides an overview of AMG Advanced Metallurgical Group N.V., including:
- AMG is a global supplier of critical materials to industries like transportation, energy, and infrastructure.
- They have attractive growth opportunities across end markets driven by regulations promoting CO2 reduction.
- Their portfolio of critical materials and engineering division help provide stable earnings compared to mining industry peers.
- AMG has significant potential for increasing prices of materials like vanadium, tantalum, and titanium alloys based on historical ranges.
Extraction and Applications of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys (Uranium, Lithium...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Metals & Alloys is a primary source of the lanthanide rare earth metals (including yttrium and scandium) and of rare earth metal alloys. The oxides produced from processing rare earths are collectively referred to as rare earth oxides. Although rare earths are relatively common in the earth’s crust, they often do not occur in high enough concentrations, or occur along with high levels of radioactive elements to make their extraction economic.
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Cypress Development has discovered a 5 km zone of strong lithium mineralization up to 3,800 ppm Li in claystone on the surface of its projects in Nevada. Recent sampling on the Dean project identified lithium mineralization of up to 3,700 ppm Li in a 2 square km zone. Cypress plans to drill its Glory project to estimate the size and grade of the lithium-rich claystones discovered at surface and to test for lithium-rich brines below. The company's projects are located near producing lithium mines and have potential for exploration success given the strong lithium results found to date.
Lithium is commonly used to treat mania associated with bipolar disorder. It works by regulating manic episodes. Common side effects include tremors, nausea, and thinning hair. Lithium toxicity can occur if lithium levels in the blood become too high and symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, blurred vision, and irregular heartbeat. Nurses play an important role in monitoring lithium levels and educating patients to ensure proper dosing and prevent toxicity.
International Lithium: Presentation Of Our Strategic Partner - Ganfeng Lithiu...Kirill Klip
International Lithium: Presentation Of OUR Strategic Partner - Ganfeng Lithium from China. Ganfeng Lithium is the leading integrated and diversified lithium materials producer.
International Lithium Introduction PresentationKirill Klip
International Lithium Corp. ("ILC") a "Clean Tech" lithium resource developer with a global portfolio of lithium assets. It is 25.5%. owned by TNR Gold Corp (TNR:TSX).
International Lithium Corp. ("ILC") currently holds highly prospective projects in the most prolific areas of the world for lithium and rare metals. ILC has recently reinforced its relationship with strategic partner Jiangxi Ganfeng Lithium Co Ltd, from China, through an increased equity stake of 17.5% to further advance the core ILC projects.
The document discusses using the Lithium PHP framework to build a photo blog application. It provides examples of defining a Photos model to interact with photo data, building views to display and edit photos, implementing a PhotosController to handle requests and define actions, and setting routes. The model saves photo data and tags to the database. Views are used to display photo details, edit forms, and render tags as links. The controller handles index, view, add, edit and nearby location based actions. Routes are also defined, including one to directly serve photo image files.
International Lithium Presentation April 2016Kirill Klip
International Lithium Corp is a lithium exploration company listed on the TSX Venture Exchange. It has lithium and rare metals projects in Argentina, Canada, and Ireland. Its key project is the Mariana lithium-potassium-boron brine project in Argentina, which has yielded high-grade lithium, potassium, and boron values from drilling. International Lithium also has hard rock pegmatite projects including Avalonia in Ireland and Mavis Lake in Canada, which have returned high lithium grades. The company's strategic partner is Ganfeng Lithium, a major lithium producer, which provides support to advance the projects.
04 01 2009 I Embraer Day 2009 Ny Executive Jets PresentationEmbraer RI
This document provides an overview of Embraer's executive aviation business from its 9th US Annual Analyst & Investor Meeting. It discusses Embraer's executive jet product portfolio including the Phenom 100 and 300, Legacy 450/500, and Lineage 1000. Performance data for these models is presented. It also summarizes Embraer's customer support solutions including its growing global service center network and training programs.
01 04 2009 I Embraer Day Ny 2009 ApresentaçãO AviaçãO ExecutivaEmbraer RI
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The lithium market: 2010 review and outlook
1. The lithium market:
2009 review and outlook
Robert Baylis
Manager – Industrial Minerals Research
Roskill Information Services Ltd.
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
1
2. Disclaimer
The statements in this presentation represent the considered views of Roskill
Information Services Ltd. It includes certain statements that may be deemed
"forward-looking statements." All statements in this presentation, other than
statements of historical facts, that address future market developments, government
actions and events, are forward-looking statements. Although Roskill Information
Services Ltd. believes the outcomes expressed in such forward-looking statements
are based on reasonable assumptions, such statements are not guarantees of future
performance and actual results or developments may differ materially from those in
forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those in forward-looking statements include changes in battery
output and general economic, market or business conditions.
While Roskill Information Services Ltd has made every reasonable effort to ensure
the veracity of the information presented it cannot expressly guarantee the accuracy
and reliability of the estimates, forecasts and conclusions contained herein.
Accordingly, the statements in the presentation should be used for general guidance
only.
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
2
3. Outline
• Demand
– The global economic downturn
– Impact on lithium markets
– Outlook
• Supply
– Trade indicators
– Production
– China update
• Project developments
– Advanced projects update
– 2009 – a good year for explorers
• Pricing movements
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
3
5. Lithium is consumed in wide variety of forms and
end-uses
Lithium is consumed in a wide-range of end-uses
Lithium finds most use in carbonate and hydroxide form
(around 50% of demand)
Mineral forms of lithium account for 25% of consumption and
chemicals and metal/alloys the remainder
Batteries have been the main driver of demand growth and,
despite the 2008/09 downturn, this will continue in the 2010s
with new applications, e.g. electric vehicles
However, lower growth in mature, industrial markets for lithium
e.g. greases, aluminium, ceramics & glass will temper future
demand
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
5
6. The global economic downturn caused a sharp drop in
industrial production between 2008 Q3 and 2009 Q1.
Signs of recovery in H2 2009
World: Quarterly change in GDP and Industrial Output, 2006-2009 (%)
10.0
5.0
0.0
2007Q1
2007Q2
2007Q3
2007Q4
2008Q1
2008Q2
2008Q3
2008Q4
2009Q1
2009Q2
2009Q3
2009Q4e
-5.0
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
-25.0
GDP Industrial Output
Source: IMF, World Bank, CIA World Factsheet, Roskill estimates
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
6
7. Views from the market, demand seen significantly
down on 2008
“Lower end use demand and customer inventory destocking
drove revenue decline” (FMC Corp, Jul 2009)
“Revenues for the lithium and derivatives segment during
first nine months of 2009 decrease of 38.7%” (SQM Sep, 2009)
“Demand is off by 30% this year for the entire lithium industry”
(Jon Evans, FMC Lithium, Industrial Minerals, Dec 2009)
“Total lithium demand down 25% in 2009” (SQM, January 2009)
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
7
8. Industrial output in the USA, Europe and Japan
(which account for 60% of lithium demand)
dropped by 15% between Q2 2008 and Q2 2009
Europe, Japan & USA: Quarterly change in industrial output,
2003-2009 (%)
115
110
Europe
105
100
USA
95
90
Japan
85
80
1
20 3
20 1
3
20 1
3
20 1
3
20 1
3
20 1
20 3
1
3
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
03
03
04
04
05
05
06
06
07
07
08
08
09
09
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Source: IMF, World Bank, OECD, EuroStat
Note: Data re-based, 2005 Q3 = 100 Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
8
9. Chinese industrial output remained positive in
2009 due to large fiscal stimulus package while
GDP grew by 8.7% year-on-year
China: Year-on-year change in industrial output, 2006-2009 (%)
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
20 3
20 4
20 1
20 2
20 3
20 4
20 1
20 2
20 3
20 4
20 1
20 2
20 3
20 4
20 1
20 2
3
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
05
05
06
06
06
06
07
07
07
07
08
08
08
08
09
09
09
20
Source: IMF, World Bank, OECD, EuroStat
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
9
10. Consumption down 15% in 2009, compared to
average growth of 6%py between 2000 and 2008
World: Consumption of lithium by end-use, 2000-2009 (t LCE)
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Ceramics and glass Batteries Greases
Aluminium Air treatment Continuous casting
Rubber and thermoplastics Pharmaceuticals Other
Source: Roskill data
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
10
11. Why was 2009 so gloomy for lithium demand?
Market dominated by industrial applications
World: Consumption of lithium by end-use, 2009
Other
Pharmaceutical 15% Ceramics and
Rubber and
2% glass
thermoplastics
31%
4%
Continuous
casting
4%
Air treatment
6%
Aluminium
6% Greases Batteries
9% 23%
Source: Roskill data
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
11
12. All of the key demand sectors for lithium have been
affected, however the outlook for 2010 looks more
positive
Sector 2009 observations & outlook
Ceramics & Glass •Construction sector to fall 3.7% in 2009, flat in 2010
Batteries •Li-ion battery production to register 3% growth in 2009, strong growth to return in 2010
Grease •Dip in industrial output hit 2009 demand, 2010 outlook brighter
Aluminium •Capacity shuttered in 2009. Potential for supply crunch in 2010 and plant re-opening
•Industrial and commercial property slump. Recovery in industrial production should
Air-treatment
boost demand in 2010
Continuous casting •Steel production down 8-9% in 2009, recovery in world output forecast for 2010
Rubber & •Rubber and plastics demand impacted by dip in industrial output, 2010 likely to show
thermoplastics improvement
Pharmaceuticals •Inelastic to recession, pharmaceuticals necessary items
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
12
13. Consumption of lithium is forecast to increase to
147kt LCE in 2013
World: Forecast consumption of lithium, 2008-2013 (t LCE)
+7.9%
150,000 +7.4%
+13.4%
+2.4% +11.0%
120,000 -15.0%
90,000
60,000
30,000
-
2008 2009f 2010f 2011f 2012f 2013f
Ceramics & glass Batteries
Industrial end-uses (grease, aluminium ) Other (pharmaceuticals, Al-Li alloys )
Source: Roskill estimates
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
13
14. But it might not be all plain sailing
Risk of hyper-inflation in developed countries, but more
importantly in China
This could increase interest rates and reduce liquidity in money
markets, therefore hitting consumer spending
Developed countries are also debt-laden, which could mean
reduced outlay on infrastructure/public works
Some analysts suspect there is a looming property bubble in
China
Recovery and growth in lithium demand in the short-term is not
100% certain
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
14
15. Significant potential for increased lithium
demand from mid-2010s as EV roll-out gains
momentum
World: Electric vehicle production and lihtium demand for electric vehicle
batteries, 2008-2020
EV sales (Li-ion)
Lithium demand for electric vehicle
6 140,000
Battery vehicle sales (M units)
5 120,000 PHEV sales (Li-ion)
batteries (t LCE)
100,000
4
HEV sales (Li-ion)
80,000
3
60,000
HEV sales (NiMH)
2
40,000
1 20,000 Lithium demand from vehicles
(10% penetration scenario)
0 0
Lithium demand from vehicles
f
f
f
f
f
f
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
(5% penetration scenario)
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Source: Roskill data
Note: Vehicle sales data assumes 5% electric vehicle penetration by 2020 Roskill
(i.e. 5% of total vehicles will have some form of battery power assist)
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
2kg LCE in HEV, 15kg LCE in PHEV and 22kg LCE in EV
15
16. Production
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
16
17. Trade in lithium compounds fell by 43% in 2009,
exports of lithium carbonate from Chile were down
almost 50%
Major producing countries: Exports of lithium compounds, 2000-2009 (t LCE)
90,000
80,000
70,000
60,000
Lithium chloride
50,000
Lithium hydroxide
40,000
Lithium carbonate
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e
Source: Global Trade Atlas
Notes: Lithium carbonate = Chile, Argentina, USA & China
Lithium hydroxide = Chile, USA, China & Russia Roskill
Lithium chloride = Chile, Argentina & China
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
Data for 2009 is extrapolated from Jan-Oct/Nov trade data
17
18. Lithium production estimated to have fallen by
25% to 100kt LCE in 2009
World: Production of lithium by country, 2000-2009e (t LCE)
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e
Argentina Australia Chile China USA Others
Source: The Economics of Lithium, 11th Edition, 2009;
Roskill estimates for 2009
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
18
19. Chinese brine producers continue to debug process
routes, progress seen slow & expensive, products often
below market specification
CITIC Guoan:
Calcined separation method: can separate high Mg:Li ratio brine
But, excess hydrochloric acid causing corrosion problems
Produced around 1,100t LCE in 2009
JV with Chemphys, LOI with Toyota Tsusho for battery-grade Li carbonate
Qinghai Lithium Co. (Western Mining):
Membrane separation method (Mg:Li ratio taken from 20:1 to 1:2)
Precipitation of salt & membrane plugging causing problems
Produced around 2,000t LCE in 2009
Qinghai Salt Lake (Qinghai Salt Lake Potash):
Resin absorption method, investigating nanofiltration
High fresh water (600l/1t LCE), resin & power consumption = high cost
Produced around 400t LCE in 2009
Tibet Mineral (Zabuye):
Freeze-thaw evaporation method
Poor fresh water resources & transport infrastructure = low capacity
Produced around 1,000t LCE in 2009
Source: Press reports
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
19
20. Chinese lithium consumption reaches 30,000t LCE
in 2009, still reliant on Australian minerals
China: Balance of Chinese lithium market, 2009 (t LCE)
40,000
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
conversion
production
production
Compound
consumption
consumption
Compound
Mineral
imports
Domestic
Compound
stocks
Mineral
Mineral
imports
exports
Brine
Mineral
Source: Roskill data, Global Trade Atlas
Note: Does not include lithium chemicals, metal and derivatives Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
20
21. Existing world capacity sufficient to meet demand until
mid-2010s, new capacity required to meet EV battery
demand from 2014
World: Capacity for the production of lithium compounds, 2008-2013 (t LCE)
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
2008 2009e 2010f 2011f 2012f 2013f 2014f 2015f 2016f 2017f 2018f 2019f 2020f
New capacity required
Chinese mineral conversion capacity (effective)
Chinese brine capacity (effective)
Existing Americas brine capacity
Compound consumption (5% EV penetration rate by 2020)
Source: Roskill estimates
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
21
23. 2009: the lithium exploration “boom”
January 2009:
7 brine & 14 mineral producers
35+ projects in various stages of exploration & feasibility
January 2010:
7 brine & 13 mineral producers (TANCO stopped in 2009)
2 projects under construction
1 project in feasibility stage
4 projects in pre-feasibility stage
60+ projects undergoing exploration
POSCO, Magna, Toyota Tsusho announce investments in
lithium explorers
Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
23
24. Status of potential new lithium projects at end-
2009
Company Location Type Capacity Start-up Status
(t LCE) (estimated)
Galaxy Resources Mount Cattlin, Mineral 17,000 2010 (Mine) Construction
Australia conversion 2011 (Plant) Feasibility-stage
& Jiangxi, China
Sentient Group Rincon, Argentina Brine 1,2001 2010 Construction
Orocobre Olaroz, Argentina Brine 15,000 2012 Feasibility-stage
Canada Lithium Quebec, Canada Mineral 10,000+ 2012 Pre-feasibility
conversion stage
Keliber (Nordic Mining) Lantta, Finland Mineral 3,300 2013 Pre-feasibility
conversion stage
Simbol Mining California, USA Brine 2013 Pre-feasibility
stage
Western Lithium Nevada, USA Mineral 27,700 2014 Pre-feasibility
conversion stage
Source: Company data; Roskill estimates
Note: 1 – Initial capacity of pre-production ponds Roskill
Approachable. Independent. Expert.
24