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the key to well blended mixtures
1. VORTEX INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD
E-mail: info@incmachine.com www.incmachine.com
Add: No.128 Huayuan Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, China
The key to well-blended mixtures
The segregation is one of the three key issues facing those that handle powders.
It is responsible for unscheduled downtimes due to quality issues. The mitigation
of segregation is a primary objective when handling mixtures and blends.
Segregation is a mechanistic phenomenon.
For example, fine particles may sift down through a matrix of coarse particles,
resulting in separation of fines and coarse. In this case, the fines generally end
up near the top of piles formed. Conversely, fine or light particles can be
entrained in flowing gas during free fall. When this aerated steam hits a pile or
other surface, the gas travelling with the
Particle is dislodged and air currents carry fine particles down a pile where they
deposit near equipment walls. The fines usually end up at the bottom of the pile
– a very different segregation profile than sifting segregation. In some cases
fluidization of powder can result in a classification of particles within a column of
bulk solid, creating a top-to-bottom segregation profile with the fines at the top.
A prescribed material blend may be subject to one or all of these phenomena. To
solve a segregation problem in a plant, one must understand the magnitude of
the segregation (segregation intensity), the unique segregation pattern, and the
2. VORTEX INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD
E-mail: info@incmachine.com www.incmachine.com
Add: No.128 Huayuan Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, China
root causes of segregation. Evaluations such as segregation potential tests, PSD
analysis, angle of repose measurements, and true density tests, can be
performed that quantify the segregation pattern, magnitude, and segregation
mechanisms. It is possible with this information to determine how much of what
component in a blend is segregating by which mechanism. It is important to
measure the segregation intensity on a component – by -component basis.
Segregation intensity is a standard deviation relative to the mean concentration
of segregation potential test data. It is always measured for each component in
the mix. You may find that one component has very low segregation intensity
values, while other components in the mix has significantly higher values.
Equally important is a measure of the segregation pattern on a component-by-
component basis. You want to know where in the process equipment each
component may end up. This is generally done by plotting the segregation
concentration profile measured from a segregation potential test as a function of
some spatial dimension. This could be a plot of component concentrations down
a pile or component concentrations as a function of depth of material. Test
techniques exist that allow the user to get this information. If segregation
intensity numbers are large, then the segregation pattern information helps an
engineer design feed systems with the right velocity profiles or draw-down
sequences to remix segregated materials during operation or discharge.
Sometimes the engineer wants to know what type of blender or equipment will
best handle a material sensitive to segregation. In this case, understanding the
cause(s) of segregation becomes important to determine which equipment may
induce significant separation of material during operation. If a material is very
sensitive to repose angle segregation, then a blender that blend predominantly
by forming piles may be a poor choice, while a blender that operates without
forming piles may be a better choice.
Fully quantifying the segregation mechanism on a component-by-component
basis requires a measure of segregation intensity numbers in addition to particle
scale properties like particle size distributions, repose angles, or true particle
density values. This particle scale or true particle density values. This particle
scale or component scale information can be used, with segregation intensity
numbers, to compute what percent of total segregation is due to a particular
segregation mechanism for any component in the system. This approach not
only allows an engineer to design system based on sound judgement, but
provides formulators the ability to design a material that will not segregation in
the first place.
3. VORTEX INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD
E-mail: info@incmachine.com www.incmachine.com
Add: No.128 Huayuan Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, China
If one can quantify the causes behind segregation on a component-by-
component basis, then one can modify a particle scale characteristic to charge
the root cause of segregation and design materials with minimal segregation
tendencies. Thus, to effectively solve segregation problems, one must know the
segregation magnitude, segregation pattern, and segregation mechanisms on a
component-by-component basis.