The Industrial Revolution led to developments in transportation such as turnpikes, steamboats, and canals. Communication advanced with the telegraph, and farming saw innovations like the iron plow and cotton gin. In textiles, inventions like the spinning jenny and power loom increased production. A model factory town called Lowell was established in Massachusetts, bringing together workers and machinery for efficient textile production, employing primarily young single women. However, child labor was common and working conditions were often unsafe, dirty, crowded, and involved long hours of low-paid labor.

1. The Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution

2. Developments of the time periodDevelopments of the time period
►TransportationTransportation – turnpikes, corduroy– turnpikes, corduroy
roads, steamboats, canalsroads, steamboats, canals
►Communication –Communication – the telegraphthe telegraph
►FarmingFarming – iron plow with replaceable parts,– iron plow with replaceable parts,
lightweight steel plow, mechanical reaper,lightweight steel plow, mechanical reaper,
cotton gincotton gin
►TextilesTextiles – spinning jenny, water-powered– spinning jenny, water-powered
loom, sewing machineloom, sewing machine

3. Lowell – aLowell – a “model factory town”“model factory town”
► Francis Cabot LowellFrancis Cabot Lowell
started the town -- anstarted the town -- an
entire town was builtentire town was built
around the textile factoryaround the textile factory
► Factory system –Factory system –
workers and machineryworkers and machinery
together in one place totogether in one place to
produce goodsproduce goods
► Used primarily young,Used primarily young,
single girls as workerssingle girls as workers
(Lyddie) – why??(Lyddie) – why??

4. Conditions of the time periodConditions of the time period
►Child labor – kids as young as seven yearsChild labor – kids as young as seven years
old worked on farms and in factories; mostold worked on farms and in factories; most
times parents needed the moneytimes parents needed the money
►Long hours – often 12 hour days, 6 dayLong hours – often 12 hour days, 6 day
weeksweeks
►Low payLow pay
►Unsafe, dirty, loud, crowded, etc.Unsafe, dirty, loud, crowded, etc.
►The first 8 slides in review…The first 8 slides in review…