Glaciers, which occupy about 6 of the territory of Tajikistan, significantly affect the formation of runoff. Under the conditions of climate change 1.5° , which has been occurring over the past 100 years, directly affecting the volume of glaciers sources of food and water content of rivers, up to 10 20 feeding the flow of large rivers, and in dry and hot years, the contribution of glaciers to the water resources of individual rivers in the summer can reach up to 70 , leading to their annual melting. It is expected that the effects of climate change, leading to the degradation of glaciation, on water resources will have a cumulative effect on many sectors of the economy, including agriculture increased demand for irrigation or forestry . One of the main sectors of the Tajik economy that is vulnerable to climate change is agriculture. Its economic, social and political features determine the potential for adaptation to climate change and, as a result, are the main factors determining the state of the economy, focused mainly on agriculture. A significant source of livelihood for the rural population, remote mountainous areas of Tajikistan, is agro pastoral farming. At the same time, the bulk of the population is oriented towards subsistence farming, which actually provides for their need for food. At the same time, the area of arable land is limited here, and the productivity of the agricultural sector is very low. It should be noted that in of the countrys land area is Tajikistan, in general, less than 7 suitable for growing crops. Water, despite the abundance of water resources in the country, remains the main problem for farmers in the mountainous areas of Tajikistan. It should be noted that in the Eastern Pamirs, due to the high altitudes and arid climate, animal husbandry is the only type of agriculture, and the western part of the Pamirs is characterized by the presence of conditions for growing on the coastal part of the rivers, using irrigation, wheat, potatoes, tomatoes and cucumbers. Based on the analysis and monitoring of existing fund materials, in this work, the choice of the research object was made the basin of the lower left tributaries of the Muksu River the left tributary of the Surkhob River , a glacier No. 815 located on the territory of the Lakhsh district, the Republic of Tajikistan. Research by Hugonnet R. using the geodetic method established that due to the decrease in the surface of the glacier in the middle part and the increase in its height in the tongue part, as well as taking into account its active downward movement, the structure of the object is destroyed, which leads to active degradation of the glacier No. 815 . At the same time, it was revealed that the advance of the frontal part of the glacier was 130 meters. Analysis and assessment of the state of irrigated lands located in the study area was carried out by calculating vegetation indices, for example, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI the implem
Background on the Development Issues of Soil Erosion of Sloping Lands of Azer...BRNSS Publication Hub
The article examines the issues of the possibility of studying the areas of development by soil erosion and
its control. The study proved that the development of soil erosion is based on the forming impact of natural
and anthropogenic factors. The degree of potential danger and the possibility of prevention, taking into
account, the preservation of the environmental situation in the foothills of the Upper Shirvan in the example
of the Shamakhi district of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were studied. The main tasks of the study were a
determination of the amount and degree of development of eroded and erosion-prone soils of the foothill
zones carried out on the basis of soil erosion surveys of the farms of the republic
Evaluations of Stream Flow Response to Land use and Land Cover Changes in Wab...IJCMESJOURNAL
Land Use and Land Cover Change (LU/LC) is one of the notable human induced worldwide changes. Hence, understanding the stream flow responses of a watershed to this dynamic change is becoming fundamental for water resources management planning. The study was conducted with the objective to analyses the impact of Land use and Land cover changes on stream flow response of Wabe watershed, in Omo-Gibe basin. Land use and land cover maps were developed using satellite image of Landsat5 TM 1988, Landsat7 ETM+ 2001 and Landsat8 OLI/TIRS 2018 through maximum likelihood algorithm of supervised classification using ERDAS Imagine 2014 and ArcGIS software for satellite image processing and map preparation. A physical based, semi-distributed hydrological model SWAT was used to simulate LU/LC change effects on the stream flow responses of watershed. During the study period the land use and land cover has changed due to natural and anthropogenic activity. The results depicted that there was an incessant expansion of agricultural land, built-up area and forest cover, on the other hand declining of agroforestry; grassland and woodland were happened during from the 1988 to 2018 periods. Due to the occurred LU/LC changes, the mean monthly stream flow were increased by 5.97m3/s for wet season and similarly the dry season flow showed increasing by 0.96m3/s during the study periods from 1988 up to 2018. Generally the result indicated that large changes of the stream flow in the watershed. Hence result notified an urgent intervention, so as to regulate the LU/LC change and to reduce its strong impacts on the stream flow of the Wabe watershed.
Hydrochemical characterization, classification and evaluation of groundwater ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study of groundwater quality in the Sirsa watershed region of Nalagarh Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. 32 groundwater samples were collected during pre- and post-monsoon seasons and analyzed for physical and chemical parameters. The results showed that parameters like chloride, bicarbonate, sulfate and nitrate were within desirable limits, but pH, total hardness and magnesium exceeded limits at some locations. 50% of samples exceeded desirable limits for electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and calcium. Classification of samples revealed calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate water types. Most samples fell into normal categories for chloride, sulfate and bicarbonate. Analysis indicated majority of samples were sodium
This document discusses the condition of soils in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. It notes that over 70% of the region's territory is agricultural land, but intensive economic activity has led to soil degradation through erosion, acidification, reduced humus content, and pollution. The humus content and fertility of soils has decreased significantly in recent decades. Soil acidity is also increasing, occupying about one third of surveyed areas. About 32% of agricultural land, or 13.3 million hectares, is affected by water erosion, reducing crop yields. Factors such as improper farming practices, lack of soil protection measures, and expansion of certain energy-intensive crops have exacerbated the problems. The document analyzes the types and
climatic impact on freshwater resources of pakistankiranaftab13
The document discusses the impacts of climatic change on Pakistan's freshwater resources. It notes that global warming is causing glaciers in Pakistan to melt faster, initially increasing river flows but eventually leading to a 30-40% reduction. This threatens Pakistan's water security as the population and agriculture sector depend heavily on irrigation. Other issues discussed include more frequent floods from increased glacier melt and monsoon rains, as well as droughts. Glacial lake outburst floods also pose risks. Adaptation is needed like improved water storage and early warning systems.
Surface Flow and Flood in the Shamakhi District Located in the South-east Par...BRNSSPublicationHubI
This document summarizes research on soil types and erosion in the Shamakhi District of Azerbaijan. Key findings include:
- The soils studied (Gray-brown, gray-soil-meadow, etc.) contain 1.24-4.19% humus that penetrates deep into the soil profile.
- Calcium is the dominant absorbed base. Exchangeable sodium and magnesium levels were also measured.
- The moisture regime is determined by precipitation and evaporation. Experiments were conducted on surface runoff and flooding during rains to measure soil erosion on mountain slopes in the region.
- Irrigation techniques and fertilization systems were analyzed for their effects on soil structure and plant nutrition in mountainous and foothill
Advances in Geological and Geotechnical Engineering Research | Vol.2, Iss.1 J...Bilingual Publishing Group
Geomorphological Evolution and Palaeoenvironmental Change in the Western Alashan Plateau, China
The Application of Geophysical Techniques in Tracking Leachate Plumes Migration in a Typical Cemetery within the Sandy formation in Benin City, Nigeria
Analysing the Influencing Factors of a Postgenetic Subsidence Doline’s Development Using Model Experiments
Properties of Natural Catastrophes
This document summarizes a conference on global climate change that was held in Voronezh, Russia from October 3-5, 2019. The conference brought together domestic and international scientists to discuss regional impacts of climate change in Russia and worldwide. Conference participants represented universities, research institutions, and geographical societies from across Russia as well as several other countries. The document outlines the topics covered at the conference, which examined global climate trends, regional features of climate change, impacts on soil, biota, landscapes, and cities, and socioeconomic and health effects of regional climate change. It also describes the organization of the conference and publication of the materials with support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research.
Background on the Development Issues of Soil Erosion of Sloping Lands of Azer...BRNSS Publication Hub
The article examines the issues of the possibility of studying the areas of development by soil erosion and
its control. The study proved that the development of soil erosion is based on the forming impact of natural
and anthropogenic factors. The degree of potential danger and the possibility of prevention, taking into
account, the preservation of the environmental situation in the foothills of the Upper Shirvan in the example
of the Shamakhi district of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were studied. The main tasks of the study were a
determination of the amount and degree of development of eroded and erosion-prone soils of the foothill
zones carried out on the basis of soil erosion surveys of the farms of the republic
Evaluations of Stream Flow Response to Land use and Land Cover Changes in Wab...IJCMESJOURNAL
Land Use and Land Cover Change (LU/LC) is one of the notable human induced worldwide changes. Hence, understanding the stream flow responses of a watershed to this dynamic change is becoming fundamental for water resources management planning. The study was conducted with the objective to analyses the impact of Land use and Land cover changes on stream flow response of Wabe watershed, in Omo-Gibe basin. Land use and land cover maps were developed using satellite image of Landsat5 TM 1988, Landsat7 ETM+ 2001 and Landsat8 OLI/TIRS 2018 through maximum likelihood algorithm of supervised classification using ERDAS Imagine 2014 and ArcGIS software for satellite image processing and map preparation. A physical based, semi-distributed hydrological model SWAT was used to simulate LU/LC change effects on the stream flow responses of watershed. During the study period the land use and land cover has changed due to natural and anthropogenic activity. The results depicted that there was an incessant expansion of agricultural land, built-up area and forest cover, on the other hand declining of agroforestry; grassland and woodland were happened during from the 1988 to 2018 periods. Due to the occurred LU/LC changes, the mean monthly stream flow were increased by 5.97m3/s for wet season and similarly the dry season flow showed increasing by 0.96m3/s during the study periods from 1988 up to 2018. Generally the result indicated that large changes of the stream flow in the watershed. Hence result notified an urgent intervention, so as to regulate the LU/LC change and to reduce its strong impacts on the stream flow of the Wabe watershed.
Hydrochemical characterization, classification and evaluation of groundwater ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study of groundwater quality in the Sirsa watershed region of Nalagarh Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. 32 groundwater samples were collected during pre- and post-monsoon seasons and analyzed for physical and chemical parameters. The results showed that parameters like chloride, bicarbonate, sulfate and nitrate were within desirable limits, but pH, total hardness and magnesium exceeded limits at some locations. 50% of samples exceeded desirable limits for electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and calcium. Classification of samples revealed calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate water types. Most samples fell into normal categories for chloride, sulfate and bicarbonate. Analysis indicated majority of samples were sodium
This document discusses the condition of soils in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. It notes that over 70% of the region's territory is agricultural land, but intensive economic activity has led to soil degradation through erosion, acidification, reduced humus content, and pollution. The humus content and fertility of soils has decreased significantly in recent decades. Soil acidity is also increasing, occupying about one third of surveyed areas. About 32% of agricultural land, or 13.3 million hectares, is affected by water erosion, reducing crop yields. Factors such as improper farming practices, lack of soil protection measures, and expansion of certain energy-intensive crops have exacerbated the problems. The document analyzes the types and
climatic impact on freshwater resources of pakistankiranaftab13
The document discusses the impacts of climatic change on Pakistan's freshwater resources. It notes that global warming is causing glaciers in Pakistan to melt faster, initially increasing river flows but eventually leading to a 30-40% reduction. This threatens Pakistan's water security as the population and agriculture sector depend heavily on irrigation. Other issues discussed include more frequent floods from increased glacier melt and monsoon rains, as well as droughts. Glacial lake outburst floods also pose risks. Adaptation is needed like improved water storage and early warning systems.
Surface Flow and Flood in the Shamakhi District Located in the South-east Par...BRNSSPublicationHubI
This document summarizes research on soil types and erosion in the Shamakhi District of Azerbaijan. Key findings include:
- The soils studied (Gray-brown, gray-soil-meadow, etc.) contain 1.24-4.19% humus that penetrates deep into the soil profile.
- Calcium is the dominant absorbed base. Exchangeable sodium and magnesium levels were also measured.
- The moisture regime is determined by precipitation and evaporation. Experiments were conducted on surface runoff and flooding during rains to measure soil erosion on mountain slopes in the region.
- Irrigation techniques and fertilization systems were analyzed for their effects on soil structure and plant nutrition in mountainous and foothill
Advances in Geological and Geotechnical Engineering Research | Vol.2, Iss.1 J...Bilingual Publishing Group
Geomorphological Evolution and Palaeoenvironmental Change in the Western Alashan Plateau, China
The Application of Geophysical Techniques in Tracking Leachate Plumes Migration in a Typical Cemetery within the Sandy formation in Benin City, Nigeria
Analysing the Influencing Factors of a Postgenetic Subsidence Doline’s Development Using Model Experiments
Properties of Natural Catastrophes
This document summarizes a conference on global climate change that was held in Voronezh, Russia from October 3-5, 2019. The conference brought together domestic and international scientists to discuss regional impacts of climate change in Russia and worldwide. Conference participants represented universities, research institutions, and geographical societies from across Russia as well as several other countries. The document outlines the topics covered at the conference, which examined global climate trends, regional features of climate change, impacts on soil, biota, landscapes, and cities, and socioeconomic and health effects of regional climate change. It also describes the organization of the conference and publication of the materials with support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document summarizes a research paper on the development of alluvial fans and associated land use problems in the Himalayan foothills of West Bengal, India. It contains the following key points:
1) The paper studies the evolution and development of alluvial fans formed by rivers in the area and examines land use issues, particularly related to agriculture.
2) The study area covers 1000 km2 demarcated by the Tista and Jaldhaka rivers and includes several micro alluvial fans. Fan development results from interactions between climate, tectonism, and hydrology.
3) Agricultural land use is well developed on fertile alluvial deposits but suffers from poor irrigation,
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF SAND HARVESTING ON WATER QUALITY IN RIVER THWAKE ...Tabitha Nzula Mwanzia
This document summarizes a study that assessed the physicochemical effects of sand harvesting on water quality in River Thwake in Machakos County, Kenya. Water samples were collected from a sand harvesting site and a non-sand harvesting site and analyzed for various parameters including temperature, pH, turbidity, color, conductivity, heavy metals, BOD and COD. The results showed significant differences in color, turbidity, iron, COD and zinc between the two sites, indicating sand harvesting is negatively impacting water quality. However, other parameters like copper, conductivity, temperature and pH were not significantly different. The results were compared to WHO and Kenyan water quality guidelines to determine suitability for domestic use.
Zulfuqarov, Huseynova Journal of Life Sciences and Biomedicine 2710-4915.pdfZiyaNecefli
This document summarizes the effects of climate change on health in Azerbaijan. It finds that global climate change is causing higher temperatures, more extreme weather events, rising sea levels and other issues that impact human health. In Azerbaijan, increasing temperatures and floods are already affecting the population. The document reviews how climate change spreads diseases and harms food and water security. It calls for actions like decarbonizing the economy to build resilience and provide a healthy environment for future generations in Azerbaijan.
The article explains the nature of transboundary water management system in Central Asia and identifies the most acute deficiencies in rational use of water, which may become the potential “casus bellum” of regional conflicts and threat to water security. The article sheds light on the national interests of regional states regarding water resources. The global warming is represented in two different dimensions: as a catalyst of wars for hydro resources and as a conciliator of long- existing “hydro political” tensions in the region. Potential recommendations for peaceful and sustainable water management are also briefly stated.
Climate change is negatively impacting Pakistan's water resources, forests, and energy sector. Rising temperatures are causing glaciers and snowpack to melt faster, reducing water availability. This threatens agriculture and energy production. Deforestation, which is increasing due to population growth and wood demand, is exacerbating climate change and reducing biodiversity. More floods and droughts from climate change further stress these vulnerable sectors. Urgent action is needed to address the causes and impacts of climate change in Pakistan to ensure environmental, economic, and social sustainability.
Impacts of cc in central asia (case study uzbekistan)lin-cecphils
Uzbekistan is highly dependent on irrigated agriculture which uses over 90% of its available water resources. It has experienced increasing temperatures, irregular precipitation patterns, and a significant water shortage exacerbated by the shrinking of the Aral Sea. The entire population is affected by water shortages and higher temperatures, but farmers and others reliant on water availability for their livelihoods are most at risk. A severe drought in 2000 impacted over 1 million people and the government required international aid, demonstrating the country's vulnerability to climate change impacts.
Do submerged plants improve the water quality in mining subsidence reservoirs?EdytaSierka
Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2020
This paper provides an analysis of the effect of submerged vegetation on the physicochemical parameters of water with particular regard to transparency in mining subsidence reservoirs (MSR). The research encompassed 8 subsidence reservoirs with a diversified structure of submerged plants in the littoral zone. It has been proven that reservoirs where submerged vegetation coverage is greater than 25% of the water surface area are characterized by significantly greater transparency of water. High water transparency is desirable due to a greater utility value of reservoirs and their biologic diversity. The results from this research indicate that supporting the development of submerged vegetation in mining subsidence reservoirs may be an effective method for improving the water quality of such reservoirs.
The document analyzes how climate change is impacting the water resources of the Kunduz River Basin in Afghanistan. Temperature and precipitation trends are analyzed using available station data from the 1960s-1980s and 2000s-present, which show significant changes, including extreme warming of over 2°C and a precipitation decrease of over 30%. These changes are reducing river discharge and increasing barren land at the expense of vegetation cover. Glacial melt provides some increased runoff in highland areas. The trends indicate drier conditions and challenge sustainable water management in the basin given its importance for local livelihoods and agriculture.
The document analyzes the impact of climate change on water resources in Pakistan. It examines increasing temperatures and shifting rainfall patterns that are contributing to more frequent and severe flooding in the country. The analysis focuses on three regions: along the Indus River, in northern and central Pakistan, and in southern Pakistan. It finds that while temperature and precipitation are normally distributed in the first two regions from 1960-2014, precipitation in southern Pakistan is not normally distributed, indicating climate change is altering rainfall. The study predicts heavier monsoon rains in southern Pakistan in the future based on observed trends.
Ground water fluctuations in Northwestern Bangladesh (Over last 30 years) Imp...Mozakkir Azad
1) Groundwater levels in northwestern Bangladesh fluctuate seasonally, with levels lowest in March-May during the dry season due to high withdrawal for irrigation.
2) Long-term analysis shows declining groundwater levels over time in many areas, especially around Dhaka City and in the Barind Tract where extraction exceeds recharge.
3) Groundwater levels are declining the most rapidly (over 0.5 m/year) in and around Dhaka City and the Barind Tract region due to high population and agricultural extraction pressures.
This study analyzed the oil content in soybean seeds from different varieties using NMR relaxation method. The results showed:
- The lowest oil content was 14.6-14.9% in seeds of the Pentata variety weighing 100-250 mg.
- The highest oil content was 19.3-19.7% in seeds of the Ladutsa variety weighing 100-200 mg.
- Insufficient water provision in rainfed fields increased the oil content in Pentata variety seeds to 18-19% in 2020 and 2022, compared to normal years.
- NMR relaxation method allows nondestructive measurement of oil content in soybean seeds of different varieties and growing conditions.
Potential hydrogeological, environment and vulnerability to pollution of the ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the potential hydrogeology, environment, and vulnerability to pollution of aquifers in the coastal basin of Essaouira, Morocco. The region contains two main aquifers - the Plio-Quaternary and Turonian. Analysis found the aquifers highly vulnerable to pollution, with 61% highly vulnerable and 20% very highly vulnerable. Vulnerability was highest in the western coastal area and decreased moving eastward. Water quality analysis found the Plio-Quaternary groundwater to be of varying salinity, dominated by sodium and chloride ions, indicating vulnerability to seawater intrusion if overexploited.
Potential hydrogeological, environment and vulnerability to pollution of the ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the potential hydrogeology, environment, and vulnerability to pollution of aquifers in the coastal basin of Essaouira, Morocco. The region contains two main aquifers - the Plio-Quaternary and Turonian. Mapping showed that 61% of the region has high vulnerability to pollution, 20% has very high vulnerability, and 15% has medium vulnerability. Areas of very high vulnerability are located in the western coastal area. Groundwater flow is generally from southeast to northwest, influenced by the regional geology. The aquifers provide drinking water and irrigation but are threatened by overuse, seawater intrusion, and potential pollution from development.
Comparison and Evaluation of Water Occupancy Rates of the Kılıçkaya Dam Lake ...AI Publications
This study was carried out in Kılıçkaya Dam Lake in northeastern Turkey. Kılıçkaya Dam is a dam built between 1980-1989 to generate energy on Kelkit Stream. With this study, the water occupancy rates of Kılıçkaya Dam Lake, which has a proportionally large area, between the years 2010-2021 were compared and evaluated. If a general conclusion is drawn for Kılıçkaya Dam Lake, it has been determined that the water occupancy rates between the years 2010-2021 varied between 18.40 and 56.80 percent. The slope line of the water occupancy rates obtained in this study is downward. The results showed that the water occupancy rates in Kılıçkaya Dam Lake have a decreasing trend on an annual basis. When the average of the water occupancy rates between 2010-2021 is evaluated, the water occupancy rate values in Kılıçkaya Dam Lake indicate drought. The results obtained will be of great benefit to various users and decision makers in terms of their future planning within the framework of a comprehensive and large-scale drought management plan that is proposed to be prepared for the Kılıçkaya Dam Lake.
A Review Of Case Studies On Climate Change Impact On Hydrologic Cycle An Ind...Renee Lewis
This document reviews case studies on the impact of climate change on India's hydrologic cycle. It discusses how climate change is altering precipitation patterns and increasing temperatures, which can intensify flooding and affect water availability. The document examines two specific case studies: changing flood characteristics in two river basins and variations in rainfall spatial/temporal patterns and groundwater levels in parts of North India. It aims to assess the potential impacts of climate change on surface water and groundwater resources to inform sustainable water resource management and identify future research needs.
The document summarizes the results of a study on fertilizer use for direct sowing of winter wheat in southern Kazakhstan. It found that applying phosphorus fertilizer at a rate of P45 kg/ha during sowing and nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of N70 kg/ha in the tillering phase resulted in the highest average winter wheat grain yield of 37.7 q/ha over two years, an increase of 2.9 times compared to no fertilizer. Optimizing the phosphate regime with nitrogen fertilizers during the tillering phase balanced nutrition when productive organs were forming. Adequate moisture reserves during growth periods resulted in consistently high grain yields for rainfed conditions in southern Kazakhstan.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
More Related Content
Similar to The Impact of Glacia Degradation on the State of the Agricultural Sector in the High Mountain Territories of Tajikistan
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document summarizes a research paper on the development of alluvial fans and associated land use problems in the Himalayan foothills of West Bengal, India. It contains the following key points:
1) The paper studies the evolution and development of alluvial fans formed by rivers in the area and examines land use issues, particularly related to agriculture.
2) The study area covers 1000 km2 demarcated by the Tista and Jaldhaka rivers and includes several micro alluvial fans. Fan development results from interactions between climate, tectonism, and hydrology.
3) Agricultural land use is well developed on fertile alluvial deposits but suffers from poor irrigation,
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF SAND HARVESTING ON WATER QUALITY IN RIVER THWAKE ...Tabitha Nzula Mwanzia
This document summarizes a study that assessed the physicochemical effects of sand harvesting on water quality in River Thwake in Machakos County, Kenya. Water samples were collected from a sand harvesting site and a non-sand harvesting site and analyzed for various parameters including temperature, pH, turbidity, color, conductivity, heavy metals, BOD and COD. The results showed significant differences in color, turbidity, iron, COD and zinc between the two sites, indicating sand harvesting is negatively impacting water quality. However, other parameters like copper, conductivity, temperature and pH were not significantly different. The results were compared to WHO and Kenyan water quality guidelines to determine suitability for domestic use.
Zulfuqarov, Huseynova Journal of Life Sciences and Biomedicine 2710-4915.pdfZiyaNecefli
This document summarizes the effects of climate change on health in Azerbaijan. It finds that global climate change is causing higher temperatures, more extreme weather events, rising sea levels and other issues that impact human health. In Azerbaijan, increasing temperatures and floods are already affecting the population. The document reviews how climate change spreads diseases and harms food and water security. It calls for actions like decarbonizing the economy to build resilience and provide a healthy environment for future generations in Azerbaijan.
The article explains the nature of transboundary water management system in Central Asia and identifies the most acute deficiencies in rational use of water, which may become the potential “casus bellum” of regional conflicts and threat to water security. The article sheds light on the national interests of regional states regarding water resources. The global warming is represented in two different dimensions: as a catalyst of wars for hydro resources and as a conciliator of long- existing “hydro political” tensions in the region. Potential recommendations for peaceful and sustainable water management are also briefly stated.
Climate change is negatively impacting Pakistan's water resources, forests, and energy sector. Rising temperatures are causing glaciers and snowpack to melt faster, reducing water availability. This threatens agriculture and energy production. Deforestation, which is increasing due to population growth and wood demand, is exacerbating climate change and reducing biodiversity. More floods and droughts from climate change further stress these vulnerable sectors. Urgent action is needed to address the causes and impacts of climate change in Pakistan to ensure environmental, economic, and social sustainability.
Impacts of cc in central asia (case study uzbekistan)lin-cecphils
Uzbekistan is highly dependent on irrigated agriculture which uses over 90% of its available water resources. It has experienced increasing temperatures, irregular precipitation patterns, and a significant water shortage exacerbated by the shrinking of the Aral Sea. The entire population is affected by water shortages and higher temperatures, but farmers and others reliant on water availability for their livelihoods are most at risk. A severe drought in 2000 impacted over 1 million people and the government required international aid, demonstrating the country's vulnerability to climate change impacts.
Do submerged plants improve the water quality in mining subsidence reservoirs?EdytaSierka
Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2020
This paper provides an analysis of the effect of submerged vegetation on the physicochemical parameters of water with particular regard to transparency in mining subsidence reservoirs (MSR). The research encompassed 8 subsidence reservoirs with a diversified structure of submerged plants in the littoral zone. It has been proven that reservoirs where submerged vegetation coverage is greater than 25% of the water surface area are characterized by significantly greater transparency of water. High water transparency is desirable due to a greater utility value of reservoirs and their biologic diversity. The results from this research indicate that supporting the development of submerged vegetation in mining subsidence reservoirs may be an effective method for improving the water quality of such reservoirs.
The document analyzes how climate change is impacting the water resources of the Kunduz River Basin in Afghanistan. Temperature and precipitation trends are analyzed using available station data from the 1960s-1980s and 2000s-present, which show significant changes, including extreme warming of over 2°C and a precipitation decrease of over 30%. These changes are reducing river discharge and increasing barren land at the expense of vegetation cover. Glacial melt provides some increased runoff in highland areas. The trends indicate drier conditions and challenge sustainable water management in the basin given its importance for local livelihoods and agriculture.
The document analyzes the impact of climate change on water resources in Pakistan. It examines increasing temperatures and shifting rainfall patterns that are contributing to more frequent and severe flooding in the country. The analysis focuses on three regions: along the Indus River, in northern and central Pakistan, and in southern Pakistan. It finds that while temperature and precipitation are normally distributed in the first two regions from 1960-2014, precipitation in southern Pakistan is not normally distributed, indicating climate change is altering rainfall. The study predicts heavier monsoon rains in southern Pakistan in the future based on observed trends.
Ground water fluctuations in Northwestern Bangladesh (Over last 30 years) Imp...Mozakkir Azad
1) Groundwater levels in northwestern Bangladesh fluctuate seasonally, with levels lowest in March-May during the dry season due to high withdrawal for irrigation.
2) Long-term analysis shows declining groundwater levels over time in many areas, especially around Dhaka City and in the Barind Tract where extraction exceeds recharge.
3) Groundwater levels are declining the most rapidly (over 0.5 m/year) in and around Dhaka City and the Barind Tract region due to high population and agricultural extraction pressures.
This study analyzed the oil content in soybean seeds from different varieties using NMR relaxation method. The results showed:
- The lowest oil content was 14.6-14.9% in seeds of the Pentata variety weighing 100-250 mg.
- The highest oil content was 19.3-19.7% in seeds of the Ladutsa variety weighing 100-200 mg.
- Insufficient water provision in rainfed fields increased the oil content in Pentata variety seeds to 18-19% in 2020 and 2022, compared to normal years.
- NMR relaxation method allows nondestructive measurement of oil content in soybean seeds of different varieties and growing conditions.
Potential hydrogeological, environment and vulnerability to pollution of the ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the potential hydrogeology, environment, and vulnerability to pollution of aquifers in the coastal basin of Essaouira, Morocco. The region contains two main aquifers - the Plio-Quaternary and Turonian. Analysis found the aquifers highly vulnerable to pollution, with 61% highly vulnerable and 20% very highly vulnerable. Vulnerability was highest in the western coastal area and decreased moving eastward. Water quality analysis found the Plio-Quaternary groundwater to be of varying salinity, dominated by sodium and chloride ions, indicating vulnerability to seawater intrusion if overexploited.
Potential hydrogeological, environment and vulnerability to pollution of the ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the potential hydrogeology, environment, and vulnerability to pollution of aquifers in the coastal basin of Essaouira, Morocco. The region contains two main aquifers - the Plio-Quaternary and Turonian. Mapping showed that 61% of the region has high vulnerability to pollution, 20% has very high vulnerability, and 15% has medium vulnerability. Areas of very high vulnerability are located in the western coastal area. Groundwater flow is generally from southeast to northwest, influenced by the regional geology. The aquifers provide drinking water and irrigation but are threatened by overuse, seawater intrusion, and potential pollution from development.
Comparison and Evaluation of Water Occupancy Rates of the Kılıçkaya Dam Lake ...AI Publications
This study was carried out in Kılıçkaya Dam Lake in northeastern Turkey. Kılıçkaya Dam is a dam built between 1980-1989 to generate energy on Kelkit Stream. With this study, the water occupancy rates of Kılıçkaya Dam Lake, which has a proportionally large area, between the years 2010-2021 were compared and evaluated. If a general conclusion is drawn for Kılıçkaya Dam Lake, it has been determined that the water occupancy rates between the years 2010-2021 varied between 18.40 and 56.80 percent. The slope line of the water occupancy rates obtained in this study is downward. The results showed that the water occupancy rates in Kılıçkaya Dam Lake have a decreasing trend on an annual basis. When the average of the water occupancy rates between 2010-2021 is evaluated, the water occupancy rate values in Kılıçkaya Dam Lake indicate drought. The results obtained will be of great benefit to various users and decision makers in terms of their future planning within the framework of a comprehensive and large-scale drought management plan that is proposed to be prepared for the Kılıçkaya Dam Lake.
A Review Of Case Studies On Climate Change Impact On Hydrologic Cycle An Ind...Renee Lewis
This document reviews case studies on the impact of climate change on India's hydrologic cycle. It discusses how climate change is altering precipitation patterns and increasing temperatures, which can intensify flooding and affect water availability. The document examines two specific case studies: changing flood characteristics in two river basins and variations in rainfall spatial/temporal patterns and groundwater levels in parts of North India. It aims to assess the potential impacts of climate change on surface water and groundwater resources to inform sustainable water resource management and identify future research needs.
The document summarizes the results of a study on fertilizer use for direct sowing of winter wheat in southern Kazakhstan. It found that applying phosphorus fertilizer at a rate of P45 kg/ha during sowing and nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of N70 kg/ha in the tillering phase resulted in the highest average winter wheat grain yield of 37.7 q/ha over two years, an increase of 2.9 times compared to no fertilizer. Optimizing the phosphate regime with nitrogen fertilizers during the tillering phase balanced nutrition when productive organs were forming. Adequate moisture reserves during growth periods resulted in consistently high grain yields for rainfed conditions in southern Kazakhstan.
Similar to The Impact of Glacia Degradation on the State of the Agricultural Sector in the High Mountain Territories of Tajikistan (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
Brand Guideline of Bashundhara A4 Paper - 2024khabri85
It outlines the basic identity elements such as symbol, logotype, colors, and typefaces. It provides examples of applying the identity to materials like letterhead, business cards, reports, folders, and websites.
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD56254 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 3 | May-June 2023 Page 2
vegetation and calculating the vegetation index NDVI is implemented using data from satellite images Landsat
5-7 and Sentinel 2
In particular, based on the study of the dynamics of the area of agricultural land, it was found that not only the
sown area has changed, but both the sowing cycle and the timing of harvesting have also been violated.
Thus, the main factors for ensuring the stable development of the agricultural sector in mountainous areas are the
development of measures to adapt to climate change, the improvement and use of water-saving irrigation
technologies, as well as the search for alternative water sources.
KEYWORDS: Tajikistan, glaciers, degradation, climate change, agriculture, GIS technology, remote sensing,
vegetation index, adaptation.
1. INTRODUCTION
Global climate change and its impact on the
environment is one of the most serious problems of
our century. In this regard, the adaptation of
agriculture acquires a special role, since this industry
is the most vulnerable and dependent on natural and
socio-economic metamorphoses. Today it is
extremely important to study and predict the response
of the agricultural sector to climate change, to
develop effective ways of its adaptation.
The first statement about the threat of global climate
change was published by the World Meteorological
Organization (WMO) in 1976. Then the World
Climate Conferences made it possible in 1979 and
1990. to form scientific programs for the development
and adoption by the world community in 1992 of the
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and
the preparation of the Kyoto Protocol [4].
In the context of global warming and the growth of
the world's population, there is a shortage of water
resources everywhere, and Tajikistan is no exception.
In recent years, there has been an intensive reduction
in the area of glaciation in the world, especially
glaciers, less than 0.1 km2, and this is confirmed by
many researchers, for example, in the study of T.
Bolkh in the Ala-Archa valley in the Northern Tien
Shan from 1964 to 2010, glaciers were continuously
shrinking and lost 18.3±5.0% of the total area [12].
Also, measurements of the Earth's surface
temperature indicate its annual increase, especially in
recent decades [6]. According to WMO data, the
hottest years for the entire period of instrumental
observations were 2010-2020.
After the collapse of the USSR, starting from the
1990s, due to the inaccessibility of objects and the
high cost of research, activities to study glaciation in
Tajikistan, unfortunately, declined sharply, including
scientific and expeditionary work, and the last
available data on our object dates back to the 60s
years of the XX century.
The first route studies of glaciers in the study area
were carried out in 1897, and V.I. Lipsky discovered
glacier No. 815, which was named "Borak", and the
local population called the river flowing from the
glacier "Obishain". In 1913, members of the German-
Austrian expedition gave the glacier the name
"Oshanin" and under this name it was included in the
catalog of glaciers by N. L. Korzhenevsky, and the
Obishain River, in turn, was renamed "Oshaninsu"
[5].
By 1966, when compiling the Catalog of Glaciers of
the USSR, it was found that the Borak glacier had
already broken up into three glaciers, with a total area
of 1.4 km2, which, under numbers No. 813-815, were
included in the catalog. [5]. Modern remote sensing
data made it possible to establish that the area of these
glaciers is only 0.7 km2, i.e. for 55 years, the area of
the glacier has halved, confirming its degradation for
almost 100 years. It should be noted that such an
intense melting of the glacier is not typical for this
area. Global warming and an increase in air
temperature will contribute to further melting of
glaciers and this process, unfortunately, is
accelerating and, as a result, the territory of our study
will be subject to water shortages, especially during
the growing season. Consequently, the solution of the
issue of adaptation to such a development of events
becomes even more relevant.
The purpose of this study is to establish the degree of
glacier melting and its impact on the water supply of
irrigated lands in the village of Mok, Lakhsh district
of the Republic of Tajikistan.
2. Research object.
The study area is defined in the basin of the following
tributaries of the Muksu River (left tributary of the
Surkhob River), located in the Rasht valley, in the
Lakhsh region, which is administratively part of the
regions of republican subordination of Tajikistan and
on the northern border with the Batken region of
Kyrgyzstan, in the west with the Rasht region, in the
south with Tajikabad and Sangvor districts, in
production with the Chon-Alai district of the Osh
region of Kyrgyzstan and the Murgab district of the
GBAO of Tajikistan (Fig. 1).
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD56254 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 3 | May-June 2023 Page 3
Rice. 1. Place of study.
Based on the obtained images (September 1, 2018, at the end of the growing season), the object of research,
using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), it was found that the total area of agricultural land in
the lower reaches of the Oshaninsu River is 170 ha (Fig. 2).
Fig.2. Research area Sentinel 2 snapshot, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).
3. Methodology.
Research methodology for determining the area of the glacier for the period from 2000 to 2022. included the use
of satellite images Landsat 5-7 and Sentinel 2 [11] as well as geographic information systems and was
implemented in the ArcGIS 10.5 program using SWIR, NIR, RED spectral channels [1]. The channels used
made it possible to clearly identify the boundaries of the glacier, and with the help of a manual expert method,
the contour of the glacier was obtained, which made it possible to obtain the areas of the glacier for the years
under study.
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD56254 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 3 | May-June 2023 Page 4
NDVI is a standardized index showing the presence and condition of vegetation. This index uses the contrast
characteristics of two bands from multispectral raster data. Negative values correspond to areas without
vegetation. Very low values correspond to areas with little or no vegetation. Moderate values correspond to
grassy and shrubby areas, while high values indicate lush vegetation. In ArcGIS 10.5, using the classification
tool, features were extracted from images.
The use of the NDVI method [8,7,10] made it possible to obtain the dynamics of the area of agricultural land in
the study area over the past seven years (Fig. 3 A). In ArcGIS 10.5, using a classification tool, objects were
extracted from images created using an image segmentation process, where pixels that are in close proximityand
have similar spectral characteristics are grouped and represent real objects on the surface (Fig. 3 B).
Fig.3. Agricultural land (green). A) using the NDVI method, B) using a classification tool
To determine the dynamics of the glacier surface, publicly available data on the mass loss of glaciers were used,
where changes in surface height for all glaciers in the world were determined using a geodetic method using
archives of high-resolution satellite images [12]. Using the above methods, results were obtained on the
dynamics of the glacier, changes in the frontal part of the glacier, as well as the dynamics of irrigated lands.
4. Results.
The results obtained made it possible to establish that the frontal part of the Borak glacier (No. 815) slid by 130
meters, and the area of advancement at the same time amounted to 41820 m2, which is 7% of the total area of
the glacier (580458 m2) compared to its state in 2000. Comparative An analysis of the glacier area data from
2000 to 2022 revealed that the total glacier area remained almost unchanged and in 2000 it was 580458 m2 and
in 2022 it was 580067 m2 (Fig. 4). Compensation for the increase in the frontal part of the glacier occurred due
to a decrease in the lateral parts of the glacier and from the surface of the accumulation zone.
Fig.4. Dynamics of the area of glacier No. 815 from 2000 to 2022
Based on the analysis of the results obtained during the processing of satellite images using NDVI, as well as the
extraction of objects using classification, it was found that the area of agricultural land in 2016 was 2.324 km2,
in 2017 it decreased and amounted to 2.024 km2. Despite the fact that all processed images were obtained on
fixed dates with a difference of 2 to 5 days, the area of irrigated land changed annually, throughout the entire
period from 2016 to 2022. In the images processed using NDVI, zones with both dense and poorly developed
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD56254 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 3 | May-June 2023 Page 5
vegetation were identified. At the same time, the predominance of the area with dense vegetation was revealed
(Fig. 9A).
Fig.5. Dynamics of the area of agricultural land
5. Discussion
According to the results obtained, it was revealed that the glacier in the period from 2016 to 2022. moved
forward by 130 m and this is not typical for such small glaciers (Fig. 6). According to experts (3), there is often a
widespread retreat of the tongue parts of glaciers. Based on a detailed analysis of the process of the glacier
moving forward and determining the speed of its movement, we found that the tongue part moves at an average
speed of 20 meters per year. The received data is confirmed by Sentinel 2 satellite images, the resolution of
which is 10 meters. Based on the processing of annual images, it was visually established that the movement
begins from the middle part of the glacier.
As you know, the movement of glaciers is a common phenomenon, when the mass of ice from the accumulation
zone moves down under the force of its gravity. But in this case, during the movement of ice, the thickness of
the glacier surface decreased, with the exposure of individual parts of the rock on the sides of the glacier, which
was revealed on satellite images. Thus, it is possible to confirm the thesis that in the course of moving forward
the tongue part of the glacier is not an increase in its mass, but is the transfer of ice mass from the upper part of
the glacier down. Thus, the glacier loses the mass that slides down as it descends below the glaciation line and
this leads to the rapid melting of ice that has moved down.
Fig.6. Bork glacier (No. 815), A) glacier contours from 2000 to 2022 B) glacier movement from 2016 to
2022
6. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD56254 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 3 | May-June 2023 Page 6
To confirm the reliability of the research results, publicly available data (13) were used and using the well-
known geodetic method (2), the dynamics of changes in the surface of glaciers from 2000 to 2020 was
determined.
At the same time, a decrease in surface elevations in the middle part and an increase in its height in the tongue
part were recorded by the geodetic method on the studied glacier (Table 1, Fig. 7). In particular, it was found
that in the process of changing the surface of the glacier from 2000 to 2020. the studied glacier in its middle part
decreased by 9.3 meters (per year), and in the lingual part the maximum increase was 6.1 meters.
Table 1 Changes in the surface of the glacier.
Years Maximum decrease in the middle part m/year Maximum increase in lingual part m/year
2000-2005 -15 9.6
2005-2010 -11 6.8
2010-2015 -9.5 12
2015-2020 -6.5 8.1
Rice. 7. Change in the surface of the glacier (meter per year).
The results obtained confirm the fact of the rapid melting of the investigated glacier, sliding from the upper part
to the lower and subject, due to rapid movement, to complete destruction. This trend can lead to rapid
degradation of the glacier and its disappearance.
In connection with the above, it can be noted that the results obtained during the processing of satellite images
for a fixed period using the NDVI methodology show that the area of irrigated land is not stable (Fig. 5) and is in
constant dynamics, which in turn leads to a possible violation of the cycle of sowing and harvesting. On fig. 9.
shows the annual measurements of the area of agricultural land for a fixed date.
Climate change and its impact on agricultural land can have both positive and negative effects. An earlier start of
spring processes and a longer growing season may be positive, but this may lead to an increase in the frequency
and duration of heat wave intensity, with possible frosts during the flowering period. An increase in the heat
supply of crops can also be positive, but this can lead to the emergence of new pests and diseases of agricultural
crops, and an increase in the duration of the stubble period can lead to a lack of moisture supply during the
growing season and an increase in water demand (9).
7. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD56254 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 3 | May-June 2023 Page 7
The degradation of the studied glacier, which provides water resources to the population and irrigated areas of
agricultural crops, can provoke a problem with irrigation water, which will naturally affect both the state of the
agricultural sector and the quality of life of people living in this area. One of the negative consequences of such a
process may be the migration of the population to other territories, which is not the best way out in this situation.
Fig.9. Area of irrigated land from 2016 to 2022 A) NDVI B) Classification
6. Conclusion
The complex of the above methods can be applied to
the study of vulnerable agricultural lands in high
mountainous areas.
The results of the research made it possible to state
the fact of the rapid melting of glacier No. 815.
The degradation of the investigated glacier will
naturally affect both the state of the agricultural sector
and the quality of life of the people living in this area.
The annual change in the area of irrigated land, due to
climate change and the degradation of glaciations,
leads to a violation of the cycle of sowing and
harvesting dates, agricultural work.
For the stable development of the agricultural sector
of mountainous areas, it is proposed to develop
measures to adapt to climate change, improve and use
water-saving irrigation technologies, as well as search
for alternative water sources, taking into account the
existing threats of glaciations melting.
Acknowledgments
The creative team is grateful to the USAID Regional
Water and Environment Project for technical and
financial support in the framework of the Young
Scientists Competition.
7. Reference
[1] Ananicheva M.D., Kapustin G.A. Estimation of
changes in the Byrranga glaciers based on
satellite images and the USSR Glacier
Catalogue. - Ice and Snow, 2010, No. 3 (111). –
pp. 19-26
[2] Ananicheva M.D., Estimation of areas, volumes
and heights of the feeding boundary of the
glacial systems of the North-East of Russia
based on satellite images of the early XXI
century. Ice and Snow. 2014 №1 - p. 125.
[3] Desinov L.V., Konovalov V.G. Remote
monitoring of the long-term glaciation regime
of the Pamirs. - Materials of glaciological
research, 2007, No. 103, - pp. 129–133
8. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD56254 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 3 | May-June 2023 Page 8
[4] Ivanov A.L. Global climate change and its
impact on Russian agriculture // Agriculture.
2009. No. 1. URL:
https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/globalnoe-
izmenenie-klimata-i-ego-vliyanie-na-selskoe-
hozyaystvo-rossii (date of access: 02/23/2023).
[5] Catalog of glaciers in the USSR. T. 14. Issue. 3.
Part 8: Gidrometeoizdat, 1979. - p. 6, 86.
[6] Kayumov A. Mahmadaliev B., Novikov V. The
Third National Communication of the Republic
of Tajikistan under the UN Framework
Convention on Climate Change. Dushanbe,
2014. - p. 167
[7] Korkishko, A. V. Use of the NDVI-index in
agriculture / A. V. Korkishko // Actual
scientific research in the modern world. - 2018.
- No. 5-8 (37). – pp.78-83. – EDN UTDUOG.
[8] Kudryashova, Yu. N. Digital technologies
come to agriculture / Yu. N. Kudryashova //
Development of the agro-industrial complex in
the digital economy: Collection of scientific
papers of the I National scientific and practical
conference dedicated to the 25th anniversary of
the founding of the Faculty of Economics,
Samara , April 25–26, 2019. - Samara: RIO
SamGAU, 2019. - p. 41-44. – EDN VQRAJN.
[9] Melnik V. et al. Agro-climatic zoning of the
territory of Belarus taking into account climate
change // Melnik, V. Yatsukhno, N. Denisov, L.
Nikolaeva, M. Faloleeva. – 2017.
[10] Tabunshchik V. A., Petlyukova E. A., Khitrin
M. O. Application of Sentinel-2 satellite images
for the analysis of lands used in agriculture (on
the example of the Razdolnensky district of the
Republic of Crimea) // Proceedings of the
Karadag Scientific Station named after. T.I.
Vyazemsky - a natural reserve of the Russian
Academy of Sciences. 2018. No. 1 (5). pp. 43-
57. https://doi.org/10.21072/eco.2021.05.05
[11] Electronic resource: USGS.
https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/
[12] Bolch T. Glacier area and mass changes since
1964 in the Ala Archa Valley, Kyrgyz Ala-Too,
northern Tien Shan Ice and Snow.
2015;55(1):28-39. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2015-1-28-
39
[13] Hugonnet, R., McNabb, R., Berthier, E. et al.
Accelerated global glacier mass loss in the
early twenty-first century. Nature 592, 726–731
(2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-
03436-z