This study examines the impact of cognitive social capital on entrepreneurial orientation among SME business owners in Syria. Drawing on a sample of 381 SMEs, the research employs a linear regression analysis to explore the relationship between various dimensions of cognitive social capital (shared knowledge, shared values, shared beliefs, and shared understanding) and entrepreneurial orientation. The results indicate that each dimension of cognitive social capital has a significant positive relationship with entrepreneurial orientation, accounting for approximately 27% of the variance in entrepreneurial orientation. These findings highlight the importance of fostering shared mental models and understanding among SME business owners in the challenging Syrian environment. The study contributes to the literature on social capital and entrepreneurship by providing empirical evidence of the positive impact of cognitive social capital on entrepreneurial orientation in a unique context. The results have significant implications for entrepreneurs and policymakers in Syria, emphasizing the potential benefits of investing in the development of cognitive social capital to promote entrepreneurship and economic development.
A SOCIAL CAPITAL APPROACH TO ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM AND INNOVATION: CASE S...indexPub
Despite being recognised as drivers of innovative development, Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) frequently confront resource limitations. Therefore, enhancing the ecosystem is contingent on the entrepreneurs’ social capital, which is crucial for the success of MSMEs. This study applies the social capital approach to analyse the entrepreneurial ecosystem enrichment and its impact on the innovation process of cosmetics MSMEs. The qualitative case study of six cosmetic manufacturing MSMEs explores that social capital is a multifaceted asset to MSMEs. Through an in-depth thematic analysis of three dimensions of social capital (structural, relational, and cognitive), this study states that the innovation process is supported by the synergistic transformation of one dimension of social capital into another. Entrepreneurs sharing the common norms, rules, and language enrich their cognitive as well as relational aspects of ecosystem. The study suggests that as network ties, trust, and norms collectively influence innovation in firms, hence, social capital needs to be studied with its contextualization in the ecosystem.
Organization citizenship behaviour as a determining Factor in Business outcomeAI Publications
The aim of this research was to look at an organization's citizenship behavior as a deciding factor in business success. The aim of the study was to assess private businesses in Kurdistan, especially in Erbil. To allow the study to measure business outcomes, the researchers used five different dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior. The current study used a quantitative analysis approach in which a questionnaire was adapted from academic sources. Both workers had an equal chance of being chosen for the survey using a random sampling technique. The research was conducted in Erbil's private sector. The researchers distributed 85 questionnaires, but only 75 were returned, and only 67 of the 75 questionnaires were completed correctly. The researcher used multiple regression analysis to measure the established research hypotheses, and the results revealed that all five hypotheses are supported, with the highest value being for fairness perception, as organization citizenship behavior element has a significant influence on business outcome, and the lowest value being for job satisfaction, as organization citizenship behavior element has a significant influence on business outcome. This instrument will be used in future research to further our understanding of organizational learning.
Effect of Intellectual Capital on the Profitability of Nigerian Deposit Money...ijtsrd
This study assessed the effect of intellectual capital on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks. The specific objectives are To ascertain the effect of Structural Capital Efficiency SCE on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks to determine the effect of Human Capital Efficiency Coefficient HCE on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks and to examine the effect of Capital Employed Efficiency Coefficient CEE on the profitability in Nigerian deposit money banks. The study adopted Ex post Facto research design. The study used sample of fifteen 15 Nigerian deposit money banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2018 The data for the study was collected from annual reports and accounts of the deposit money banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Regression analysis was employed to test the formulated hypotheses with the aid of e view version 9.0. The study revealed that Structural Capital Efficiency SCE has positive significant effect on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks. The study also revealed that Human Capital Efficiency Coefficient HCE has positive effect on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks, but is not statistically significant. In addition, Capital Employed Efficiency Coefficient CEE has positive effect on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks, but is not statistically significant. The study therefore recommended among others that Banks in Nigeria especially the Deposit Money Banks should adopt an intellectual capital strategy. This can be done by banks adding the position of Chief Intellectual Capital Management Officer CICMO on their organizational chart to help in structuring relevant strategies and policies on how to obtain and best utilize the required resources underlying IC. Okeke, Ifeanyi V | Udeh Francis N "Effect of Intellectual Capital on the Profitability of Nigerian Deposit Money Banks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30333.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/30333/effect-of-intellectual-capital-on-the-profitability-of-nigerian-deposit-money-banks/okeke-ifeanyi-v
The Relationship between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Employee Engagement:...AI Publications
This research examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and employee engagement, using a sample of 372 employees from small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Syria. Our study aimed to provide an empirical understanding of the intricacies that interplay between the entrepreneurial orientation of firms and the level of employee engagement. The results indicate a positive correlation between these two factors. The insights provided by this study may be valuable for business owners, policymakers, and researchers alike.
A Correlation of CSR and Intellectual Capital, its Implication toward Company...inventionjournals
Traditional accounting approach is not considered an intangible asset in determining the value of the company. Judging from the strategic aspect, the business is now growing process wherein, the company actively doing research, product innovation, development potential of the company, management and employee skill improvement and so on. So all the intangible aspects that are key to increasing the value of sustainable enterprises. One example of an intangible asset is intellectual capital (IC). On the other hand this aspect as neglected because it is not expressed in the financial statements which is the main basis in the valuation of the company. This study is exploratory research, has the main objective to assess the link CSR activities with IC in their influence on the creation of value for the company. Outcomes research studies be developed from the analysis of ratings and disclosures IC with antecedent and concequences which have been tested by previous research. However, these studies largely carried on the business environment in developed countries, and is still very limited studies conducted in developing countries that have a cultural background of eastern Indonesia. Based on reviews of an extant of literatures, several internal factors were identified as antecedents for IC. They are: CSR activities, firm growth and type of industry. The sample selection was based on certain criteria, and acquired 52 manufactured companies listed in IDX, from 2010-2014. Thisresearchfinds that CSR disclosure, specifically in the areas of social aspects and firm’s size significantly influences IC and firm value. There was no evidence to support the existence of significant influence of growth toward IC. IC is an intervening variable for the influence of CSR toward company’s value. Overall, findings of this research suggest that IC can be used to improve firm financial performance. The implication of this study is that companies should be concern to report their social activities and upgrade the quality of human capital who theirs.
A SOCIAL CAPITAL APPROACH TO ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM AND INNOVATION: CASE S...indexPub
Despite being recognised as drivers of innovative development, Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) frequently confront resource limitations. Therefore, enhancing the ecosystem is contingent on the entrepreneurs’ social capital, which is crucial for the success of MSMEs. This study applies the social capital approach to analyse the entrepreneurial ecosystem enrichment and its impact on the innovation process of cosmetics MSMEs. The qualitative case study of six cosmetic manufacturing MSMEs explores that social capital is a multifaceted asset to MSMEs. Through an in-depth thematic analysis of three dimensions of social capital (structural, relational, and cognitive), this study states that the innovation process is supported by the synergistic transformation of one dimension of social capital into another. Entrepreneurs sharing the common norms, rules, and language enrich their cognitive as well as relational aspects of ecosystem. The study suggests that as network ties, trust, and norms collectively influence innovation in firms, hence, social capital needs to be studied with its contextualization in the ecosystem.
Organization citizenship behaviour as a determining Factor in Business outcomeAI Publications
The aim of this research was to look at an organization's citizenship behavior as a deciding factor in business success. The aim of the study was to assess private businesses in Kurdistan, especially in Erbil. To allow the study to measure business outcomes, the researchers used five different dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior. The current study used a quantitative analysis approach in which a questionnaire was adapted from academic sources. Both workers had an equal chance of being chosen for the survey using a random sampling technique. The research was conducted in Erbil's private sector. The researchers distributed 85 questionnaires, but only 75 were returned, and only 67 of the 75 questionnaires were completed correctly. The researcher used multiple regression analysis to measure the established research hypotheses, and the results revealed that all five hypotheses are supported, with the highest value being for fairness perception, as organization citizenship behavior element has a significant influence on business outcome, and the lowest value being for job satisfaction, as organization citizenship behavior element has a significant influence on business outcome. This instrument will be used in future research to further our understanding of organizational learning.
Effect of Intellectual Capital on the Profitability of Nigerian Deposit Money...ijtsrd
This study assessed the effect of intellectual capital on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks. The specific objectives are To ascertain the effect of Structural Capital Efficiency SCE on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks to determine the effect of Human Capital Efficiency Coefficient HCE on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks and to examine the effect of Capital Employed Efficiency Coefficient CEE on the profitability in Nigerian deposit money banks. The study adopted Ex post Facto research design. The study used sample of fifteen 15 Nigerian deposit money banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2018 The data for the study was collected from annual reports and accounts of the deposit money banks quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Regression analysis was employed to test the formulated hypotheses with the aid of e view version 9.0. The study revealed that Structural Capital Efficiency SCE has positive significant effect on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks. The study also revealed that Human Capital Efficiency Coefficient HCE has positive effect on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks, but is not statistically significant. In addition, Capital Employed Efficiency Coefficient CEE has positive effect on the profitability of Nigerian deposit money banks, but is not statistically significant. The study therefore recommended among others that Banks in Nigeria especially the Deposit Money Banks should adopt an intellectual capital strategy. This can be done by banks adding the position of Chief Intellectual Capital Management Officer CICMO on their organizational chart to help in structuring relevant strategies and policies on how to obtain and best utilize the required resources underlying IC. Okeke, Ifeanyi V | Udeh Francis N "Effect of Intellectual Capital on the Profitability of Nigerian Deposit Money Banks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30333.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/30333/effect-of-intellectual-capital-on-the-profitability-of-nigerian-deposit-money-banks/okeke-ifeanyi-v
The Relationship between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Employee Engagement:...AI Publications
This research examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and employee engagement, using a sample of 372 employees from small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Syria. Our study aimed to provide an empirical understanding of the intricacies that interplay between the entrepreneurial orientation of firms and the level of employee engagement. The results indicate a positive correlation between these two factors. The insights provided by this study may be valuable for business owners, policymakers, and researchers alike.
A Correlation of CSR and Intellectual Capital, its Implication toward Company...inventionjournals
Traditional accounting approach is not considered an intangible asset in determining the value of the company. Judging from the strategic aspect, the business is now growing process wherein, the company actively doing research, product innovation, development potential of the company, management and employee skill improvement and so on. So all the intangible aspects that are key to increasing the value of sustainable enterprises. One example of an intangible asset is intellectual capital (IC). On the other hand this aspect as neglected because it is not expressed in the financial statements which is the main basis in the valuation of the company. This study is exploratory research, has the main objective to assess the link CSR activities with IC in their influence on the creation of value for the company. Outcomes research studies be developed from the analysis of ratings and disclosures IC with antecedent and concequences which have been tested by previous research. However, these studies largely carried on the business environment in developed countries, and is still very limited studies conducted in developing countries that have a cultural background of eastern Indonesia. Based on reviews of an extant of literatures, several internal factors were identified as antecedents for IC. They are: CSR activities, firm growth and type of industry. The sample selection was based on certain criteria, and acquired 52 manufactured companies listed in IDX, from 2010-2014. Thisresearchfinds that CSR disclosure, specifically in the areas of social aspects and firm’s size significantly influences IC and firm value. There was no evidence to support the existence of significant influence of growth toward IC. IC is an intervening variable for the influence of CSR toward company’s value. Overall, findings of this research suggest that IC can be used to improve firm financial performance. The implication of this study is that companies should be concern to report their social activities and upgrade the quality of human capital who theirs.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Corporate social responsibility institutional drivers a comparative study fro...Adam Shafi Shaik PhD.
ABSTRACT
This study develops an internal–external institutional framework that explains why firms act in socially responsible ways in the emerging country context of India and Saudi Arabia. Utilizing a mixed method of in-depth study selected companies & individuals, the author found that internal institutional factors, including ethical corporate culture and top management commitment, and external institutional factors, including globalization pressure, Government embeddedness, and normative social pressure, will affect the likelihood of firms to act in socially responsible ways. In particular, implicit ethical corporate culture plays a key role in predicting different aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR), while external institutional mechanisms mainly predict market-oriented CSR initiatives. This study contributes to the research on CSR antecedents by showing that in the emerging economy of India and Saudi Arabia, CSR toward non market stakeholders is more close
APPLYING THE TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL TO UNDERSTAND SOCIAL NETWORKING ijcsit
This study examines the individuals’ participation intentions and behaviour on Social Networking Sites (SNSs). For this purpose, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is utilized and extended in this study through the addition of “perceived social capital” construct aiming to increase its explanatory power and predictive ability in this context. Data collected from a survey of 1100 participants and distilled to 657 usable sets has been analysed to assess the predictive power of proposed model via structural equation modelling. The model proposed in this study explains 56% of the variance in “Participation Intentions” and 55% of the variance in “Participation Behaviour”. Participation of behavioural intention in the model’
explanatory power was the highest amongst the constructs (able to explain 28% of usage behaviour).While, “Attitude” explain around 11% of SNSs usage behaviour. The study findings also show that “Perceived Social Capital” construct has a notable impact on usage behaviour, this impact came indirectly through its direct effect on “Attitude” and “Perceived Usefulness”. Participation of “Perceived Social Capital” in the models' explanatory power was the third highest amongst the constructs. “Perceived Social Capital”, alone explain around 9% of SNSs usage behaviour.
The effect-of-project-appraisal-on-the-sustainability-of-small-enterprises-a-...oircjournals
Project appraisal analyzes whether a project is worthy in the light of its costs in terms of resource commitments and the projects’ expected benefits. Appraisal is a key element in the decision to assist in deciding as to whether or not to proceed with a project. This study examined the effects of project appraisal on the sustainability of small enterprises in Eldoret Town. The study was based on the Agency Theory with the population consisting of over 400 respondents from Langas Estate. Stratified and simple random technique was used to select a sample of one hundred and twenty nine (129) respondents. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and a regression analysis was done on the variables. Findings were presented in frequency tables and percentages. The multiple regressions between variables showed that there was an inverse relationship between sustainability of small enterprises and project appraisal. Project appraisal had a P value greater than 0.05 level of significance (P>0.05). Results on hypothesis testing also revealed that, there was no significant relationship between project appraisal and sustainability since the P value was (0.338) and was greater than 0.05, (P>0.05). The study concluded that project appraisal by microfinance institutions was not satisfactory. The projects were locked out of financing options simply because they were not convincing in terms of their profitability. Entrepreneurs were therefore denied the chance to expand and grow their businesses. Finally because entrepreneurs are risk takers they should not fear possibilities of projects crumbling but be ready always to invest in any business idea after their project appraisal.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Profitability in the Banking Sector: The ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
In this article, we explore the relationship between corporate social responsibility and profitability with particular reference to Ethiopian financial industry. In line with this, the paper investigated the practice of corporate social responsibility and its impact on profitability in two private banks in Ethiopia. The study used two sampling phases. The first one is to sample out the two banks among the sixteen private banks operated in the country and the second phase is to select number of respondents within the selected banks. According to National Bank of Ethiopia, (NBE, 2020) annual report among the sixteen private commercial banks operated in the country, six of them were operated in the industry for more than 20 years and two banks namely Dashen and United banks were randomly selected for the study. The study used questionnaires as an instrument for data collection and the Cronbach alpha test was used to test the reliability of the instrument. Correlation analysis was carried out to identify the nature of strength and direction of the relationship between the independent variables (philanthropic, ethical, legal and economic responsibilities) and the dependent variables (profitability), regression analysis was also employed to determine the degree in which the dependent variable can be predicated or explained from the independent variables. The finding reveals that ethical, philanthropic, legal and economic responsibilities of CSR dimension have a positive and significant impact on profitability of the banks. Furthermore, the overall finding of the study suggested that CSR practice of banks has a significant impact on the level of their profitability. The study recommends that banks should improve their efforts exerted towards their CSR practice in order to enhance their profitability.
The Difference between Entrepreneurs and Managers in the Accumulation of Soci...ijtsrd
This paper difference between entrepreneurs and managers in the accumulation of social capital. The analysis for this study involved responses from 50 entrepreneurs and 50 managers in Vietnam. The research results shown three facts that support the predictions 1 social capital is higher among entrepreneurs, 2 the social capital of entrepreneurs rises with firm age, while such behavior is not observed for managers 3 entrepreneurs who invest in human capital also invest in social capital, while such correlation is not observed for managers. Dr. Le Nguyen Doan Khoi "The Difference between Entrepreneurs and Managers in the Accumulation of Social Capital" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38032.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-economics/38032/the-difference-between-entrepreneurs-and-managers-in-the-accumulation-of-social-capital/dr-le-nguyen-doan-khoi
The role of intellectual capital in promoting knowledge management initiativesMansour Esmaeil Zaei
This paper investigates the role of intellectual capital in promotion of successful knowledge management (KM) initiatives. The conclusions are based on the results of field studies conducted in the subsidiary companies of Ministry of Energy of Islamic Republic of Iran (Sistan & Baluchestan
Province). Before designing the conceptual framework, relevant literature pertaining to the history of the work at hand, was reviewed by the researcher. Based on the opinions of external experts, university professors and organization’s experienced executives, a research model was developed. Tools such as textual analysis and interviews were employed to explore relationships between intellectual capital and knowledge management. A survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire which measured research variables
like intellectual capital indexes and KM processes. The output of structural equations models (SEM) and LISREL statistical software showed that intellectual capital and its components have direct effects in promoting KM processes in the subsidiary companies of Ministry of Energy of Islamic Republic of Iran (Sistan & Baluchestan Province). By improving intellectual
capital and its indexes, knowledge management can be improved.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Value Creation of Quoted Oil and Gas Firm...ijtsrd
This study examined the relationship between corporate social responsibility and value creation of quoted oil and gas firms in Nigeria for a period of fourteen 14 years spanning from 2008 to 2021. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between occupational health and safety responsibility, emissions responsibility, employment responsibility and cash value added. Panel data were used in this study, which were obtained from the annual reports and accounts of the ten 10 sampled firms. Ex Post Facto research design was employed. Descriptive statistics of the dataset from the sampled firms was employed to summarily describe the mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values of the data for the study variables. Inferential statistics using Pearson correlation coefficient and Panel least square regression analysis were employed to test the hypotheses of the study. The results showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between occupational health and safety responsibility and cash value added ß1=1.930842 p value = 0.0006 a significant and positive relationship between emissions responsibility and cash value added ß2=0.575137 p value = 0.0116 a significant and positive relationship between employment responsibility and cash value added ß3=.0.075661 p value = 0.0000 of quoted oil and gas firms in Nigeria at 5 level of significance respectively. The study recommended amongst others that firms should develop safety programs in order to protect the workers, reduce absences and down time, ensuring that the workplace is more efficient and productive which will inadvertently result to value creation. Okoli, Angela Obianuju | Okafor, Tochukwu Gloria "Corporate Social Responsibility and Value Creation of Quoted Oil and Gas Firms in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55109.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/accounting-and-finance/55109/corporate-social-responsibility-and-value-creation-of-quoted-oil-and-gas-firms-in-nigeria/okoli-angela-obianuju
Intellectual capital: A modern model to measure the value creation in a businessAI Publications
Using a sample of 92 patients, this study looked into the impact of intellectual capital on the efficiency of private hospitals. The researchers used a quantitative approach to assess the effect of Intellectual capital (Human capital, Structural capital, and Relational capital) on long-term competitive advantage in private hospitals in Iraq's Kurdistan region. The research sample was selected using a random sampling method and conducted in various locations across Iraq's Kurdistan province. A total of 110 questionnaires were distributed, but only 92 people correctly completed them. The findings revealed that the most effective relationship with firm success was between human capital as an element of Intellectual capital, while the least effective relationship was between ownership as an element of Intellectual capital. Furthermore, our findings indicate that finance managers should use debts as a last resort in terms of intellectual capital. Finally, our research can be improved by using more controlled variables, a greater sample size, and data from a longer time span in the regression models. Other methods and steps can be used as well.
The company’s performance which is considered quite important in providing an evaluation for investor decision making triggers further research to find out what factors can improve company performance. Companies have several motivations in risk disclosure, in line with legitimacy theory, that companies tend to take corporate action and behavior similar to the industry itself. This study will examine and analyze the effect of Clan organizational culture on company performance with the intervening variable of risk management disclosure. The research method used is quantitative with multiple linear regression through the Eviews application.
Ethnomusicologists have undergone several types of research of music cultures of the world. These studies had led to myriads of findings that have given shape to the ethnographic study in field of music and allied disciplines. As much as findings revealed various components of music cultures of many ethnic descents, much is yet to be discovered about the determination of how the recontextualization process affects the transfer of various elements of the music cultures. This paper through historical analysis of existing literature assists to investigate and suggest elements of music culture that cannot evade possible transfer and those thoughts of as unnecessary in the process of recontextualization. The discourse also gives explicit definition to music as found in culture as well as music as culture itself.
The Role of Social Capital in Enhancing Competitive Advantageinventionjournals
The present study aims to examine the impact of internal social capital on competitive advantage at Jordanian banks. The study's sample consists of (480) employees that will help answering the study's questions and hypotheses; besides, the researcher developed a questionnaire for the detection of social capital dimensions (relational social capital, cognitive social capital and structural social capital) and the level of competitive advantage. The most important findings and conclusions of the research are: The arithmetic mean of the estimates of employees at Jordanian banks towards social capital dimensions were high. The arithmetic mean of the estimates of employees at Jordanian banks towards competitive advantage were moderate. Regression results indicates that there is statistically significant effect for social capital on competitive advantage at Jordanian banks. Besides, Structural social dimension influence came first concerning the size of the effect.
Knowledge Application and Organizational Sustainability of Oil and Gas Compan...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study examined the relationship between knowledge application and organizational
sustainability of oil and gas companies in Rivers State. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey in its
investigation of the variables. Primary data was generated through structured administered questionnaire. The
population for this study was is made up of the twenty-four registered indigenous oil servicing companies in
Port Harcourt. Since the population is small, this study therefore adopts the entire population of 24 oil and gas
companies in Rivers State as a census. Five (5) managers were selected from each of 24 oil and gas companies
in Rivers State giving a total of 120 respondents. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the
Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the
Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Statistics while the partial correlation was used to test the moderating effect
of organizational culture. The tests were carried out at a 0.05 significance level.The hypotheses were tested
using the Spearman rank order correlation Coefficient. The tests were carried out at a 95% confidence interval
and a 0.05 level of significance. The study findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between
enterprise knowledge audit and organizational sustainability of oil and gas companies in Rivers State. The study
concludes that when the investment in enterprise knowledge audit by oil and gas companies in Rivers State
positively enhances organizational sustainability. The study recommends that management of oil and gas
companies should ensure that knowledge delivery and analysis should be in sustainable environment within the
organization.
KEYWORD: Knowledge Application, Organizational Sustainability,
The Statutory Interpretation of Renewable Energy Based on Syllogism of Britis...AI Publications
The current production for energy consumption generates harmful impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment causing instability to sustainable development goals. The constitutional reforms of British Government serve to be an important means of resolving any encountered incompatibilities to political environment. This study aims to evaluate green economy using developed equation for renewable energy towards political polarization of corporate governance. The Kano Model Assessment is used to measure the equivalency of 1970 Patents Act to UK Intellectual Property tabulating the criteria for the fulfillment of sustainable development goals in respect to the environment, artificial intelligence, and dynamic dichotomy of administrative agencies and presidential restriction, as statutory interpretation development to renewable energy. The constitutional forms of British government satisfy the sustainable development goals needed to fight climate change, advocate healthy ecosystem, promote leadership of magnates, and delegate responsibilities towards green economy. The presidential partisanship must be observed to delineate parties of concerns and execute the government prescriptions in equivalence to the dichotomous relationship of technology and the environment in fulfilling the rights and privileges of all citizens. Hence, the political elites can execute corporate governance towards sustainable development of renewable energy promoting environmental parks and zero emission target of carbon dioxide discharges. The economic theory developed in statutory interpretation for renewable energy serves as a tool to reduce detrimental impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment, mitigate climate change, and produce artefacts of bioenergy and artificial intelligence promoting sustainable development. It is suggested to explore other vulnerabilities of artificial intelligence to prosper economic success.
Enhancement of Aqueous Solubility of Piroxicam Using Solvent Deposition SystemAI Publications
Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is characterized by low solubility-high permeability. The present study was designed to improve the dissolution rate of piroxicam at the physiological pH's through its increased solubility by using solvent deposition system.
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International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Corporate social responsibility institutional drivers a comparative study fro...Adam Shafi Shaik PhD.
ABSTRACT
This study develops an internal–external institutional framework that explains why firms act in socially responsible ways in the emerging country context of India and Saudi Arabia. Utilizing a mixed method of in-depth study selected companies & individuals, the author found that internal institutional factors, including ethical corporate culture and top management commitment, and external institutional factors, including globalization pressure, Government embeddedness, and normative social pressure, will affect the likelihood of firms to act in socially responsible ways. In particular, implicit ethical corporate culture plays a key role in predicting different aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR), while external institutional mechanisms mainly predict market-oriented CSR initiatives. This study contributes to the research on CSR antecedents by showing that in the emerging economy of India and Saudi Arabia, CSR toward non market stakeholders is more close
APPLYING THE TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL TO UNDERSTAND SOCIAL NETWORKING ijcsit
This study examines the individuals’ participation intentions and behaviour on Social Networking Sites (SNSs). For this purpose, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is utilized and extended in this study through the addition of “perceived social capital” construct aiming to increase its explanatory power and predictive ability in this context. Data collected from a survey of 1100 participants and distilled to 657 usable sets has been analysed to assess the predictive power of proposed model via structural equation modelling. The model proposed in this study explains 56% of the variance in “Participation Intentions” and 55% of the variance in “Participation Behaviour”. Participation of behavioural intention in the model’
explanatory power was the highest amongst the constructs (able to explain 28% of usage behaviour).While, “Attitude” explain around 11% of SNSs usage behaviour. The study findings also show that “Perceived Social Capital” construct has a notable impact on usage behaviour, this impact came indirectly through its direct effect on “Attitude” and “Perceived Usefulness”. Participation of “Perceived Social Capital” in the models' explanatory power was the third highest amongst the constructs. “Perceived Social Capital”, alone explain around 9% of SNSs usage behaviour.
The effect-of-project-appraisal-on-the-sustainability-of-small-enterprises-a-...oircjournals
Project appraisal analyzes whether a project is worthy in the light of its costs in terms of resource commitments and the projects’ expected benefits. Appraisal is a key element in the decision to assist in deciding as to whether or not to proceed with a project. This study examined the effects of project appraisal on the sustainability of small enterprises in Eldoret Town. The study was based on the Agency Theory with the population consisting of over 400 respondents from Langas Estate. Stratified and simple random technique was used to select a sample of one hundred and twenty nine (129) respondents. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and a regression analysis was done on the variables. Findings were presented in frequency tables and percentages. The multiple regressions between variables showed that there was an inverse relationship between sustainability of small enterprises and project appraisal. Project appraisal had a P value greater than 0.05 level of significance (P>0.05). Results on hypothesis testing also revealed that, there was no significant relationship between project appraisal and sustainability since the P value was (0.338) and was greater than 0.05, (P>0.05). The study concluded that project appraisal by microfinance institutions was not satisfactory. The projects were locked out of financing options simply because they were not convincing in terms of their profitability. Entrepreneurs were therefore denied the chance to expand and grow their businesses. Finally because entrepreneurs are risk takers they should not fear possibilities of projects crumbling but be ready always to invest in any business idea after their project appraisal.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Profitability in the Banking Sector: The ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
In this article, we explore the relationship between corporate social responsibility and profitability with particular reference to Ethiopian financial industry. In line with this, the paper investigated the practice of corporate social responsibility and its impact on profitability in two private banks in Ethiopia. The study used two sampling phases. The first one is to sample out the two banks among the sixteen private banks operated in the country and the second phase is to select number of respondents within the selected banks. According to National Bank of Ethiopia, (NBE, 2020) annual report among the sixteen private commercial banks operated in the country, six of them were operated in the industry for more than 20 years and two banks namely Dashen and United banks were randomly selected for the study. The study used questionnaires as an instrument for data collection and the Cronbach alpha test was used to test the reliability of the instrument. Correlation analysis was carried out to identify the nature of strength and direction of the relationship between the independent variables (philanthropic, ethical, legal and economic responsibilities) and the dependent variables (profitability), regression analysis was also employed to determine the degree in which the dependent variable can be predicated or explained from the independent variables. The finding reveals that ethical, philanthropic, legal and economic responsibilities of CSR dimension have a positive and significant impact on profitability of the banks. Furthermore, the overall finding of the study suggested that CSR practice of banks has a significant impact on the level of their profitability. The study recommends that banks should improve their efforts exerted towards their CSR practice in order to enhance their profitability.
The Difference between Entrepreneurs and Managers in the Accumulation of Soci...ijtsrd
This paper difference between entrepreneurs and managers in the accumulation of social capital. The analysis for this study involved responses from 50 entrepreneurs and 50 managers in Vietnam. The research results shown three facts that support the predictions 1 social capital is higher among entrepreneurs, 2 the social capital of entrepreneurs rises with firm age, while such behavior is not observed for managers 3 entrepreneurs who invest in human capital also invest in social capital, while such correlation is not observed for managers. Dr. Le Nguyen Doan Khoi "The Difference between Entrepreneurs and Managers in the Accumulation of Social Capital" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38032.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-economics/38032/the-difference-between-entrepreneurs-and-managers-in-the-accumulation-of-social-capital/dr-le-nguyen-doan-khoi
The role of intellectual capital in promoting knowledge management initiativesMansour Esmaeil Zaei
This paper investigates the role of intellectual capital in promotion of successful knowledge management (KM) initiatives. The conclusions are based on the results of field studies conducted in the subsidiary companies of Ministry of Energy of Islamic Republic of Iran (Sistan & Baluchestan
Province). Before designing the conceptual framework, relevant literature pertaining to the history of the work at hand, was reviewed by the researcher. Based on the opinions of external experts, university professors and organization’s experienced executives, a research model was developed. Tools such as textual analysis and interviews were employed to explore relationships between intellectual capital and knowledge management. A survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire which measured research variables
like intellectual capital indexes and KM processes. The output of structural equations models (SEM) and LISREL statistical software showed that intellectual capital and its components have direct effects in promoting KM processes in the subsidiary companies of Ministry of Energy of Islamic Republic of Iran (Sistan & Baluchestan Province). By improving intellectual
capital and its indexes, knowledge management can be improved.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Value Creation of Quoted Oil and Gas Firm...ijtsrd
This study examined the relationship between corporate social responsibility and value creation of quoted oil and gas firms in Nigeria for a period of fourteen 14 years spanning from 2008 to 2021. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between occupational health and safety responsibility, emissions responsibility, employment responsibility and cash value added. Panel data were used in this study, which were obtained from the annual reports and accounts of the ten 10 sampled firms. Ex Post Facto research design was employed. Descriptive statistics of the dataset from the sampled firms was employed to summarily describe the mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values of the data for the study variables. Inferential statistics using Pearson correlation coefficient and Panel least square regression analysis were employed to test the hypotheses of the study. The results showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between occupational health and safety responsibility and cash value added ß1=1.930842 p value = 0.0006 a significant and positive relationship between emissions responsibility and cash value added ß2=0.575137 p value = 0.0116 a significant and positive relationship between employment responsibility and cash value added ß3=.0.075661 p value = 0.0000 of quoted oil and gas firms in Nigeria at 5 level of significance respectively. The study recommended amongst others that firms should develop safety programs in order to protect the workers, reduce absences and down time, ensuring that the workplace is more efficient and productive which will inadvertently result to value creation. Okoli, Angela Obianuju | Okafor, Tochukwu Gloria "Corporate Social Responsibility and Value Creation of Quoted Oil and Gas Firms in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55109.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/accounting-and-finance/55109/corporate-social-responsibility-and-value-creation-of-quoted-oil-and-gas-firms-in-nigeria/okoli-angela-obianuju
Intellectual capital: A modern model to measure the value creation in a businessAI Publications
Using a sample of 92 patients, this study looked into the impact of intellectual capital on the efficiency of private hospitals. The researchers used a quantitative approach to assess the effect of Intellectual capital (Human capital, Structural capital, and Relational capital) on long-term competitive advantage in private hospitals in Iraq's Kurdistan region. The research sample was selected using a random sampling method and conducted in various locations across Iraq's Kurdistan province. A total of 110 questionnaires were distributed, but only 92 people correctly completed them. The findings revealed that the most effective relationship with firm success was between human capital as an element of Intellectual capital, while the least effective relationship was between ownership as an element of Intellectual capital. Furthermore, our findings indicate that finance managers should use debts as a last resort in terms of intellectual capital. Finally, our research can be improved by using more controlled variables, a greater sample size, and data from a longer time span in the regression models. Other methods and steps can be used as well.
The company’s performance which is considered quite important in providing an evaluation for investor decision making triggers further research to find out what factors can improve company performance. Companies have several motivations in risk disclosure, in line with legitimacy theory, that companies tend to take corporate action and behavior similar to the industry itself. This study will examine and analyze the effect of Clan organizational culture on company performance with the intervening variable of risk management disclosure. The research method used is quantitative with multiple linear regression through the Eviews application.
Ethnomusicologists have undergone several types of research of music cultures of the world. These studies had led to myriads of findings that have given shape to the ethnographic study in field of music and allied disciplines. As much as findings revealed various components of music cultures of many ethnic descents, much is yet to be discovered about the determination of how the recontextualization process affects the transfer of various elements of the music cultures. This paper through historical analysis of existing literature assists to investigate and suggest elements of music culture that cannot evade possible transfer and those thoughts of as unnecessary in the process of recontextualization. The discourse also gives explicit definition to music as found in culture as well as music as culture itself.
The Role of Social Capital in Enhancing Competitive Advantageinventionjournals
The present study aims to examine the impact of internal social capital on competitive advantage at Jordanian banks. The study's sample consists of (480) employees that will help answering the study's questions and hypotheses; besides, the researcher developed a questionnaire for the detection of social capital dimensions (relational social capital, cognitive social capital and structural social capital) and the level of competitive advantage. The most important findings and conclusions of the research are: The arithmetic mean of the estimates of employees at Jordanian banks towards social capital dimensions were high. The arithmetic mean of the estimates of employees at Jordanian banks towards competitive advantage were moderate. Regression results indicates that there is statistically significant effect for social capital on competitive advantage at Jordanian banks. Besides, Structural social dimension influence came first concerning the size of the effect.
Knowledge Application and Organizational Sustainability of Oil and Gas Compan...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study examined the relationship between knowledge application and organizational
sustainability of oil and gas companies in Rivers State. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey in its
investigation of the variables. Primary data was generated through structured administered questionnaire. The
population for this study was is made up of the twenty-four registered indigenous oil servicing companies in
Port Harcourt. Since the population is small, this study therefore adopts the entire population of 24 oil and gas
companies in Rivers State as a census. Five (5) managers were selected from each of 24 oil and gas companies
in Rivers State giving a total of 120 respondents. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the
Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the
Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Statistics while the partial correlation was used to test the moderating effect
of organizational culture. The tests were carried out at a 0.05 significance level.The hypotheses were tested
using the Spearman rank order correlation Coefficient. The tests were carried out at a 95% confidence interval
and a 0.05 level of significance. The study findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between
enterprise knowledge audit and organizational sustainability of oil and gas companies in Rivers State. The study
concludes that when the investment in enterprise knowledge audit by oil and gas companies in Rivers State
positively enhances organizational sustainability. The study recommends that management of oil and gas
companies should ensure that knowledge delivery and analysis should be in sustainable environment within the
organization.
KEYWORD: Knowledge Application, Organizational Sustainability,
Similar to The Impact of Cognitive Social Capital on Entrepreneurial Orientation (20)
The Statutory Interpretation of Renewable Energy Based on Syllogism of Britis...AI Publications
The current production for energy consumption generates harmful impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment causing instability to sustainable development goals. The constitutional reforms of British Government serve to be an important means of resolving any encountered incompatibilities to political environment. This study aims to evaluate green economy using developed equation for renewable energy towards political polarization of corporate governance. The Kano Model Assessment is used to measure the equivalency of 1970 Patents Act to UK Intellectual Property tabulating the criteria for the fulfillment of sustainable development goals in respect to the environment, artificial intelligence, and dynamic dichotomy of administrative agencies and presidential restriction, as statutory interpretation development to renewable energy. The constitutional forms of British government satisfy the sustainable development goals needed to fight climate change, advocate healthy ecosystem, promote leadership of magnates, and delegate responsibilities towards green economy. The presidential partisanship must be observed to delineate parties of concerns and execute the government prescriptions in equivalence to the dichotomous relationship of technology and the environment in fulfilling the rights and privileges of all citizens. Hence, the political elites can execute corporate governance towards sustainable development of renewable energy promoting environmental parks and zero emission target of carbon dioxide discharges. The economic theory developed in statutory interpretation for renewable energy serves as a tool to reduce detrimental impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment, mitigate climate change, and produce artefacts of bioenergy and artificial intelligence promoting sustainable development. It is suggested to explore other vulnerabilities of artificial intelligence to prosper economic success.
Enhancement of Aqueous Solubility of Piroxicam Using Solvent Deposition SystemAI Publications
Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is characterized by low solubility-high permeability. The present study was designed to improve the dissolution rate of piroxicam at the physiological pH's through its increased solubility by using solvent deposition system.
Analysis of Value Chain of Cow Milk: The Case of Itang Special Woreda, Gambel...AI Publications
Ethiopia has a long and rich history of dairy farming, which was mostly carried out by small and marginal farmers who raised cattle, camels, goats, and sheep, among other species, for milk. Finding the Itang Special Woreda cow milk value chain is the study's main goal. In order to gather primary data, 204 smallholder dairy farmer households were randomly selected, and the market concentration ratio was calculated using 20 traders. Descriptive statistics, econometric models, and rank analysis were used to achieve the above specified goals. Out of all the participants in the milk value chain, producers, cafés, hotels, and dairy cooperatives had the largest gross marketing margins, accounting for 100% of the consumer price in channels I and II, 55% in channels III and V, and 25.5% in channels V. The number of children under five, the number of milking cows owned, the amount of money from non-dairy sources, the frequency of extension service contacts, the amount of milk produced each day, and the availability of market information were found to have an impact on smallholders' involvement in the milk market. Numerous obstacles also limited the amount of milk produced and marketed. The poll claims that general health issues, sickness, predators, and a lack of veterinary care are plaguing farmers. In order to address the issue of milk perishability, the researchers recommended the host community and organization to construct an agro milk processor, renovate the dairy cooperative in the study region, and restructure the current conventional marketing to lower the transaction and cost of milk marketing.
Minds and Machines: Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Investment Decisions ...AI Publications
In the evolving landscape of financial decision-making, this study delves into the intricate relationships among Emotional Intelligence (EI), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Investment Decisions (ID). By scrutinizing the direct influence of human emotional intelligence on investment choices and elucidating the mediating role of AI in this process, our research seeks to unravel the complex interplay between minds and machines. Through empirical analysis, we reveal that EI not only directly impacts ID but also exerts its influence indirectly through AI-mediated pathways. The findings underscore the pivotal role of emotional awareness in investor decision-making, augmented by the technological capabilities of AI. It suggests that most investors are influenced by the identified emotional intelligence when making investment decisions. Furthermore, AI substantially impacts investors' decision-making process when it comes to investing; nevertheless, AI partially mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and investment decisions. This nuanced understanding provides valuable insights for financial practitioners, policymakers, and researchers, emphasizing the need for holistic strategies that integrate emotional and technological dimensions in navigating the intricacies of modern investment landscapes. As the synergy between human intuition and artificial intelligence becomes increasingly integral to financial decision-making, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the symbiotic relationship between minds and machines in investments.0
Bronchopulmonary cancers are common cancers with a poor prognosis. It is the leading cause of death by cancer in Algeria and in the world. Behind this unfavorable prognosis hides numerous disparities according to age, sex, and exposure to risk factors, ranking 4th among incident cancers and developing countries including Algeria, all sexes combined. It ranks 2nd cancers in men and 3rd among women. Whatever the age observed, the incidence of this cancer is higher in men than in women, however the gap is narrowing to the detriment of the latter. The results of scientific research agree to relate trends in incidence and mortality rates to tobacco consumption, including passive smoking. Furthermore, other risk factors are mentioned such as exposure to asbestos in the workplace or to radon for the general population, or even genetic predisposition. However, the weight of these etiological and/or predisposing factors is in no way comparable to that of tobacco in the genesis of lung cancer and the resulting mortality. We provide a literature review in our article on the descriptive and analytical epidemiology of lung cancer.
Further analysis on Organic agriculture and organic farming in case of Thaila...AI Publications
The objective of this paper is to present Further analysis on Organic agriculture and organic farming in case of Thailand agriculture and enhancing farmer productivity. In view of the demand for organic fertilizers, efforts should also be made to enhance and to develop more effective of compost, bio-fertilizer, and bio-pesticides currently used by farmers. Likewise, emphasis should also be laid on the cultivation of legumes and other crops that can enhance the fertility of the soil, as practiced by farmers in many developing countries to fertilize their lands. On the other hand, most of the farmers who practice this farm system found that they are adopting a number of SLMs and interested in joining the meeting or training to gain more and more knowledge.
Current Changes in the Role of Agriculture and Agri-Farming Structures in Tha...AI Publications
The objective os this study is to present Current Changes in the Role of Agriculture and Agri-Farming Structures in Thailand and Vietnam with SLM practices. Farmer’s adoption and investment in SLM is a key for controlling land degradation, enhancing the well-being of society, and ensuring the optimal use of land resources for the benefit of present and future generations (World Bank, 2006; FAO, 2018). And agriculture remains an essential element of lives of many farmers in term of the strong cultural and symbolic values that attach current working generation to do and to spend time for it but not intern of income generating.
Growth, Yield and Economic Advantage of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Varieties in R...AI Publications
Haphazard and low soil fertility, low yielding verities and poor agronomic practices are among the major factors constraining onion production in the central rift valley of Ethiopia. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in East Showa Zone of Adami Tulu Jido Combolcha district in central rift valley areas at ziway from October 2021 to April 2022 to identify appropriate rate of NPSB fertilizer and planting pattern of onion varieties. The experiment was laid out in split plot design of factorial arrangement in three replications. The main effect of NPSB blended fertilizer rates and varieties (red coach and red king) significantly (p<0.01) influenced plant height, leaf length, leaf diameter, leaf number and fresh leaf weight, shoot dry matter per plant, and harvest index. Total dry biomass, bulb diameter, neck diameter, average fresh bulb weight, bulb dry matter, marketable bulb yield, and total bulb yield were significantly (p<0.01) influenced only by the main effect of NPSB blended fertilizer rates. In addition, unmarketable bulb yield was statistically significantly affected (p≥0.05) by the blended fertilizer rates and planting pattern. Moreover, days to 90% maturity of onion was affected by the main factor of NPSB fertilizer rate, variety and planting pattern. The non-fertilized plants in the control treatment were inferior in all parameters except unmarketable bulb yield and harvest index. Significantly higher marketable bulb yield (41 t ha-1) and total bulb yield (41.33 t ha-1) was recorded from 300 kg ha-1 NPSB blended fertilizer rate applied. Double row planting method and hybrid red coach onion variety had also gave higher growth and yields. The study revealed that the highest net benefit of Birr, 878,894 with lest cost of Birr 148,006 by the combinations of 150 kg blended NPSB ha-1 with double row planting method (40cm*20cm*7cm) and red coach variety which can be recommendable for higher marketable bulb yield and economic return of hybrid onion for small scale farmers in the study area. Also, for resource full producers (investors), highest net benefit of Birr 1,205,372 with higher cost (159,628 Birr) by application of 300 kg NPSB ha-1 is recommended as a second option. However, the research should be replicated both in season and areas to more verify the recommendations.
Evaluation of In-vitro neuroprotective effect of Ethanolic extract of Canariu...AI Publications
The ethanolic extract of canarium solomonense leaves (ecsl) was studied for its neuroprotective activity. The neuroprotective activity of ECSL was found to have a significant impact on neuronal cell death triggered by hydrogen peroxide (MTT assay) in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Scopolamine, a muscarinic receptor blocker, is frequently used to induce cognitive impairment in laboratory animals. Injections of scopolamine influence multiple cognitive functions, including motor function, short-term memory, and attention. Using the Morris water maze, the Y maze, and the passive avoidance paradigm, memory enhancing activity in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats was evaluated. Using the Morris water maze, the Y maze, and the passive avoidance paradigm, ECSL was found to have a substantial effect on the memory of scopolamine- induced amnesic rats. Our experimental data indicated that ECSL can reverse scopolamine induced amnesia and assist with memory issues.
The goal of neuroprotection is to shield neurons against damage, whether that damage is caused by environmental factors, pathogens, or neurodegenerative illnesses. Inhibiting protein-based deposit buildup, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, as well as rectifying abnormalities of neurotransmitters like dopamine and acetylcholine, are some of the ways in which medicinal herbs have neuroprotective effects [1-3]. This review will focus on the ways in which medicinal herbs may protect neurons.
A phytochemical and pharmacological review on canarium solomonenseAI Publications
The genus Canarium L. consists of 75 species of aromatic trees which are found in the rainforests of tropical Asia, Africa and the Pacific. The medicinal uses, botany, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities are now reviewed. Various compounds are tabulated according to their classes their structures are given. Traditionally canarium solomonense have been used to treat a broad array of illnesses. Pharmacological actions for canarium solomonense as discussed in this review include antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and antitumor activity.
Influences of Digital Marketing in the Buying Decisions of College Students i...AI Publications
This research investigates the influence of digital marketing channels on purchasing decisions among college students in Ramanathapuram District. The study highlights that social media marketing, online advertising, and mobile marketing exhibit substantial positive effects on purchase decisions. However, email marketing's impact appears to be more complex. Moreover, the study explores how demographic variables like gender and academic level shape these effects. Notably, freshman students display varying susceptibility to specific digital marketing messages compared to their junior, senior, or graduate counterparts. These findings offer crucial insights for marketers aiming to tailor their strategies effectively to the preferences and behaviors of college students. By understanding the differential impacts of various digital marketing channels and considering demographic nuances, marketers can refine their approaches, optimize engagement, and ultimately enhance the effectiveness of their campaigns in targeting this demographic.
A Study on Performance of the Karnataka State Cooperative Agriculture & Rural...AI Publications
The Karnataka State Co-operative Agriculture and Rural Development Bank Limited is the apex bank of all the primary co-operative agriculture and rural development banks in the state. All the PCARD Banks in the state are affiliated to it. The KSCARD Bank provides financial accommodation to the PCARD Banks for their lending operations. In order to quick sanction and disbursement of loans and supervision over the PCARD Banks the KSCARD Bank has opened district level branches. Bank has established Women Development Cell to promote entrepreneurship among women in 2005. The Bank is identifying women borrowers in the rural areas by assigning suitable projects to motivate their self-confidence to lead independent life. Progress made in financing women entrepreneurs women.
Breast hamartoma is a rare, well-circumscribed, benign lesion made up of a variable quantity of glandular, adipose and fibrous tissue. This is a lesion that can affect women at any age from puberty. With the increasingly frequent use of imaging methods such as mammography and ultrasound as well as breast biopsy, cases of hamartoma diagnosed are increasing. The diagnosis of these lesions is made by mammography. The histological and radiological aspects are variable and depend on its adipose tissue content. The identification of these lesions is important in order to avoid surgical excisions. We report radio-clinical and pathological records of breast hamartoma.
A retrospective study on ovarian cancer with a median follow-up of 36 months ...AI Publications
Ovarian cancer is relatively common but serious and has a poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to highlight the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of this malignant pathology managed at the Bejaia university hospital center. This is a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 3 years (2019 - 2022) carried out on 20 patients who developed ovarian cancer. The average age of the patients was 50 years old, 53.23% of whom were over 45 years old. The CA-125 blood test was positive in 18 out of 20 patients. The tumors were discovered on ultrasound in 87.10% of cases and at laparotomy in 12.90%. Total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy was the most performed procedure (64.52%). The early postoperative course was simple. 15 patients underwent second look surgery (16.13%) for locoregional recurrences. Epithelial tumors were the most frequent histological type (93.55%), including 79% in the advanced stage ( IIIc -IV) and 21% in the early stage (Ia- Ib ). Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 80% of patients. With a median follow-up of 36 months, 2 patients were lost to follow-up. The evolution was favorable in 27.42% and in 25.81% deaths occurred late postoperatively. Ovarian cancer is not common but serious given the advanced stages and the high rate of late postoperative deaths which were largely observed in patients deprived of adequate neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy.
More analysis on environment protection and sustainable agriculture - A case ...AI Publications
This study presents a case of tea and coffee crops , esp. environment protection and sustainable agriculture in Son La and Thai Nguyen of Vietnam. Research results show us that The process of having an agricultural product goes through many steps such as planting, planning, harvesting, packing, transporting, storing and distributing. - The State adopts policies to encourage innovation of agricultural production models and methods towards sustainability, adapting to climate change, saving water, and limiting the use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. chemicals and products for environmental treatment in agriculture; develop environmentally friendly agricultural models. Our research limitation is that we can expand for other crops, industries and markets as well.
Assessment of Growth and Yield Performance of Twelve Different Rice Varieties...AI Publications
The present investigation entitled “Assessment of growth and yield performance of twelve different rice varieties under north Konkan coastal zone of Maharashtra” was carried out during the kharif season of the year 2021 and 2022 on the field of ASPEE, Agricultural Research and Development Foundation, Tansa Farm, At Nare, Taluka Wada, District Palghar, Maharashtra, India. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD). The twelve varieties namely Zini, Jaya, Dandi, Rahghudya, Govindbhog, Dangi, Gurjari, VNR-7, VNR-8, VNR-9, Karjat-3, and Karjat-5 were replicated thrice. The plant height (cm), number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, number of panicles (m²), and length of panicle (cm) were noted to the maximum with cv. “VNR-7”. The highest number of seeds per panicle, test weight (gm), grain yield (q/ha), and straw yield (q/ha) were recorded with the cv. “VNR-7”. While the lowest number of days to 50% flowering was also recorded with cv. “VNR-7” during the year 2021 and 2022.
Cultivating Proactive Cybersecurity Culture among IT Professional to Combat E...AI Publications
In the current digital landscape, cybercriminals continually evolve their techniques to execute successful attacks on businesses, thus posing a great challenge to information technology (IT) professionals. While traditional cybersecurity approaches like layered defense and reactive security have helped IT professionals cope with traditional threats, they are ineffective in dealing with evolving cyberattacks. This paper focuses on the need for a proactive cybersecurity culture among IT professionals to enable them combat evolving threats. The paper emphasis that building a proactive security approach and culture can help among IT professionals anticipate, identify, and mitigate latent threats prior to them exploiting existing vulnerabilities. This paper also points out that as IT professionals use reactive security when dealing with traditional attacks, they can use it collaboratively with proactive security to effectively protect their networks, data, and systems and avoid heavy costs of dealing with cyberattack’s aftermaths and business recovery.
The Impacts of Viral Hepatitis on Liver Enzymes and BilrubinAI Publications
Viral hepatitis is an infection that causes liver inflammation and damage. Several different viruses cause hepatitis, including hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. The hepatitis A and E viruses typically cause acute infections. The hepatitis B, C, and D viruses can cause acute and chronic infections. Hepatitis A causes only acute infection and typically gets better without treatment after a few weeks. The hepatitis A virus spreads through contact with an infected person’s stool. Protection by getting the hepatitis A vaccine. Hepatitis E is typically an acute infection that gets better without treatment after several weeks. Some types of hepatitis E virus are spread by drinking water contaminated by an infected person’s stool. Other types are spread by eating undercooked pork or wild game. Hepatitis B can cause acute or chronic infection. Recommendation for screening for hepatitis B in pregnant women or in those with a high chance of being infected. Protection from hepatitis B by getting the hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis C can cause acute or chronic infection. Doctors usually recommend one-time screening of all adults ages 18 to 79 for hepatitis C. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent liver damage. The hepatitis D virus is unusual because it can only infect those who have a hepatitis B virus infection. A coinfection occurs when both hepatitis D and hepatitis B infections at the same time. A superinfection occurs already have chronic hepatitis B and then become infected with hepatitis D. The aim of this study is to find the effect of each type of viral hepatitis on the bilirubin (TB , DSB) , and liver enzymes; AST, ALT, ALP,GGT among viral hepatitis patients. 200 patients were selected from the viral hepatitis units in the central public health laboratory in Baghdad city, all the chosen cases were confirmed as a positive samples , they are classified into four equal group each with fifty individual and with a single serological viral hepatitis type either; anti-HAV( IgM ) , HBs Ag , anti-HCV ,or anti-HEV(IgM ). All patients were tested for; serum bilirubin ( TB ,D.SB ) , AST , ALT , ALP , GGT. Another fifty quite healthy and normal person was selected as a control group for comparison. . Liver enzymes and bilirubin changes are more pronounced in HAV, HEV than HCV and HBVAST and ALT lack some sensitivity in detecting HCV ,HBV and mild elevations of ALT or AST in asymptomatic patients can be evaluated efficiently by considering ,hepatitis B, hepatitis C. ALT is generally a more sensitive indicator of acute liver cell damage than AST, It is relatively specific for hepatocyte necrosis with a marked elevations in viral hepatitis. Liver enzymes and bilirubin changes are more pronounced in HAV, HEV than HCV and HBV.AST and ALT lack some sensitivity in detecting HCV ,HBV and mild elevations of ALT or AST in asymptomatic patients can be evaluated efficiently by considering ,hepatitis B, hepatitis C. ALT is generally a more sensitive indicator of acute liver
Determinants of Women Empowerment in Bishoftu Town; Oromia Regional State of ...AI Publications
The purpose of this study was to determine the status of women's empowerment and its determinants using women's asset endowment and decision-making potential as indicators. To determine representative sample size, this study used a two-stage sampling technique, and 122 sample respondents were selected at random. To analyze the data in this study, descriptive statistics and a probit model were used. The average women's empowerment index was 0.41, indicating a relatively lower status of women's empowerment in the study area. According to the study's findings, only 40.9% of women were empowered, while the remaining 59.1% were not. The probit model results show that women's access to the media, women's income, and their husbands' education status have a significant and positive impact on the status of women's empowerment, while the family size of households has a negative impact. As a result, it is important to enhance women's access to the media and income, promote family planning and contraception, and improve men's educational status in order to improve the status of women's empowerment.
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media MasterclassLuanWise
In this masterclass, presented at the Global HR Summit on 5th June 2024, Luan Wise explored the essential features of social media platforms that support talent acquisition, including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok.
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024FelixPerez547899
This session provided an update as to the latest valuation data in the UK and then delved into a discussion on the upcoming election and the impacts on valuation. We finished, as always with a Q&A
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
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➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
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➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
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"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
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RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
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associated with knowledge sharing in virtual communities.
Yli-Renko, Autio, and Sapienza (2001) reported that
cognitive social capital played a critical role in the
international growth of technology-based firms.
Despite the growing body of research on the relationship
between social capital and entrepreneurship, the specific
impact of cognitive social capital on entrepreneurial
orientation remains underexplored. Notable exceptions
include Batjargal (2007), who found a positive association
between cognitive social capital and the growth of
entrepreneurial ventures in Mongolia, and Subramaniam
and Youndt (2005), who reported a positive relationship
between cognitive social capital and innovation
performance among high-technology firms in the United
States.
Furthermore, several studies have investigated the interplay
between the three dimensions of social capital and
entrepreneurial orientation. For example, De Clercq,
Dimov, and Thongpapanl (2010) found that structural,
relational, and cognitive social capital positively influenced
a firm's entrepreneurial orientation. Similarly, Stam,
Arzlanian, and Elfring (2014) showed that both structural
and cognitive social capital were positively associated with
entrepreneurial orientation, with the effect of cognitive
social capital being stronger than that of structural social
capital.
The role of cognitive social capital in fostering
entrepreneurial orientation may also vary across different
contexts. For instance, cultural and institutional factors may
influence the extent to which shared mental models and
understanding facilitate entrepreneurship (Zahra,
Rawhouser, Bhawe, Neubaum, & Hayton, 2008). In
addition, the impact of cognitive social capital on
entrepreneurial orientation may differ depending on the
industry, firm size, and environmental dynamism (Stam,
Arzlanian, & Elfring, 2014). However, few studies have
examined the impact of cognitive social capital on
entrepreneurial orientation in the specific context of SMEs
in Syria, which is the focus of the present study.
The literature on social capital and entrepreneurship has
also explored the role of network ties in accessing resources
and information (Davidsson & Honig, 2003; Hoang &
Antoncic, 2003). These studies highlight the importance of
understanding the impact of cognitive social capital on the
development of entrepreneurial orientation, particularly in
resource-scarce environments like Syria.
In summary, while previous research has provided
valuable insights into the relationship
between social capital and entrepreneurship, there is a need
for further investigation into the specific impact of cognitive
social capital on entrepreneurial orientation, particularly in
underexplored contexts such as SMEs in Syria. The current
study aims to fill this gap by examining the relationship
between various dimensions of cognitive social capital
(shared knowledge, shared values, shared beliefs, and
shared understanding) and entrepreneurial orientation
among SME business owners in Syria. By doing so, it will
contribute to the growing body of literature on the role of
social capital in promoting entrepreneurship and economic
development.
III. METHODOLOGY
1. Sample and Data Collection:
A total of 381 SME business owners in Syria participated in
this study. The participants were selected using a purposive
sampling technique, targeting business owners with at least
one year of experience in managing their enterprise. The
data were collected through a self-administered
questionnaire, which was distributed both online and in-
person to ensure a diverse representation of respondents.
Participants were assured of the confidentiality and
anonymity of their responses.
2. Measures:
The survey instrument included items measuring cognitive
social capital and entrepreneurial orientation. The cognitive
social capital construct was divided into four dimensions:
Shared Knowledge, Shared Values, Shared Beliefs, and
Shared Understanding. Each dimension was assessed using
four items, resulting in a total of 16 items for cognitive
social capital. Entrepreneurial Orientation was measured
using seven items, focusing on aspects such as
proactiveness, innovativeness, and risk-taking.
3. Reliability Analysis:
Before conducting the main analysis, we assessed the
internal consistency and reliability of the survey items using
Cronbach's Alpha. The results indicated satisfactory levels
of internal consistency for all constructs, with Cronbach's
Alpha values ranging from 0.82 to 0.91, well above the
commonly accepted threshold of 0.70 (Nunnally, 1978).
This suggests that the survey items demonstrate good
reliability and are suitable for further analysis.
Table 1: Cronbach's Alpha
Construct Cronbach's Alpha
Shared Knowledge 0.84
Shared Values 0.82
Shared Beliefs 0.86
Shared Understanding 0.83
Entrepreneurial Orientation 0.91
3. Llarena / Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence
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4. Data Analysis:
With the reliability of the survey instrument established, we
proceeded to analyze the data using linear regression to
examine the relationship between cognitive social capital
dimensions (Shared Knowledge, Shared Values, Shared
Beliefs, and Shared Understanding) and entrepreneurial
orientation. The analysis was conducted using SPSS
software, allowing us to test the significance of the
relationships and determine the relative importance of each
cognitive social capital dimension in predicting
entrepreneurial orientation.
By combining the methodology with the reliability analysis,
we have provided a comprehensive overview of the research
process, from sample selection and data collection to the
assessment of survey reliability and data analysis. This
approach ensures the validity and reliability of the findings,
enabling us to draw meaningful conclusions about the
impact of cognitive social capital on entrepreneurial
orientation among SME business owners in Syria.
IV. RESULTS
Table 1: Model Summary for the Linear Regression Analysis of Cognitive Social Capital on Entrepreneurial Orientation (N
= 381)
Model R R-squared Adjusted R-squared Standard Error of the Estimate
1 0.53 0.28 0.27 0.42
Table 2: Linear Regression Analysis of the Impact of Each Dimension of Cognitive Social Capital on Entrepreneurial
Orientation (N = 381)
Variable B Standard Error Beta t-value p-value
Constant 1.12 0.26 - 4.31 0.001
Shared Knowledge 0.18 0.04 0.20 4.50 0.001
Shared Values 0.14 0.05 0.16 2.80 0.005
Shared Beliefs 0.10 0.03 0.15 3.33 0.001
Shared Understanding 0.08 0.03 0.12 2.67 0.008
The findings of this study suggest that cognitive social
capital (CSC) plays a substantial role in influencing the
entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of SME business owners in
Syria. The linear regression analysis revealed that the
dimensions of CSC, including shared knowledge, shared
values, shared beliefs, and shared understanding, all had
significant positive relationships with EO. The adjusted R-
squared value of 0.27 indicates that these dimensions of
cognitive social capital account for approximately 27% of
the variance in entrepreneurial orientation.
In the context of the Syrian environment, the results
highlight the importance of fostering shared mental models
and understanding among SME business owners and their
networks. Syria has been facing significant challenges due
to ongoing conflict, which has affected the overall business
climate. In such a context, the role of cognitive social capital
in facilitating entrepreneurial activities becomes even more
crucial. By sharing knowledge, values, beliefs, and
understanding, SME business owners can better navigate
the challenges and uncertainties associated with the Syrian
market, leading to increased innovation, risk-taking, and
proactiveness.
These findings align with previous research on the
relationship between cognitive social capital and
entrepreneurial orientation. For example, Batjargal (2007)
found a positive association between cognitive social capital
and the growth of entrepreneurial ventures in Mongolia,
while Subramaniam and Youndt (2005) reported a positive
relationship between cognitive social capital and innovation
performance among high-technology firms in the United
States. The present study extends these findings by
demonstrating the significance of cognitive social capital in
shaping the entrepreneurial orientation of SME business
owners in the unique context of Syria.
Furthermore, the positive relationship between each
dimension of cognitive social capital and entrepreneurial
orientation underscores the importance of a comprehensive
understanding of social capital in fostering entrepreneurial
success. These results are consistent with those of De
Clercq, Dimov, and Thongpapanl (2010), who found that
structural, relational, and cognitive social capital all
4. Llarena / Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence
Developmental Framework based on Ethical Decision-Making from Philosophy of Technology
Int. j. eng. bus. manag.
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positively influenced a firm's entrepreneurial orientation.
By emphasizing the importance of shared mental models
and understanding, this study contributes to the ongoing
discussion on the significance of cognitive social capital in
entrepreneurial ventures and highlights the potential
benefits of investing in the development of cognitive social
capital among SME business owners in Syria.
V. CONCLUSION
The present study has investigated the impact of cognitive
social capital on entrepreneurial orientation among SME
business owners in Syria. The results indicate that cognitive
social capital plays a significant role in fostering
entrepreneurial orientation, which in turn contributes to the
growth and success of SMEs. By enhancing shared
knowledge, values, beliefs, and understanding within
business networks, SME owners can promote a more
entrepreneurial mindset, driving innovation, proactiveness,
and risk-taking.
Given the potential benefits of entrepreneurial orientation to
SMEs in Syria, future research should continue to explore
this relationship in greater depth. Some suggestions for
future research include:
1. Longitudinal studies: To better understand the
causal relationship between cognitive social
capital and entrepreneurial orientation, future
research could employ longitudinal study designs.
This would enable researchers to track changes in
cognitive social capital and entrepreneurial
orientation over time, providing more robust
evidence of the relationship between these
constructs.
2. Examining other dimensions of social capital: In
addition to cognitive social capital, future research
could explore the impact of structural and
relational social capital on entrepreneurial
orientation. This would provide a more
comprehensive understanding of the role of social
capital in promoting entrepreneurship in Syria.
3. Investigating contextual factors: Given the unique
challenges faced by SMEs in Syria, future research
should examine the influence of contextual factors,
such as political, economic, and social conditions,
on the relationship between cognitive social capital
and entrepreneurial orientation.
4. Exploring the role of individual characteristics:
Future studies could investigate the role of
individual characteristics, such as personality
traits, motivation, and prior experience, in shaping
the relationship between cognitive social capital
and entrepreneurial orientation among SME
owners.
5. Intervention studies: To assess the practical
implications of the findings, future research could
design and evaluate interventions aimed at
enhancing cognitive social capital and
entrepreneurial orientation among SME owners in
Syria. This could provide valuable insights into
effective strategies for promoting entrepreneurship
and fostering business growth in the region.
By building on the findings of this study, future research in
entrepreneurial orientation can contribute to a deeper
understanding of the factors that drive SME success in
Syria. In doing so, scholars and practitioners can work
together to develop policies and interventions that support
the growth and sustainability of SMEs, ultimately
contributing to economic development and prosperity in the
region.
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www.aipublications.com Page | 36
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