Phase 1. Real work problem or scenario Phase 2. Activation Phase 3. Demonstration Phase 4. Applications Phase 5. Integration

1. The five phases of authentic teaching
(based on Merrill’s first principles of instruction)
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2. Phase 1. real-world problem or scenario {10 min.}
Objective:
• Introduce a real-world problem or scenario related to the topic.
Activities:
• Begin with a relevant and engaging question or problem that the
day's lesson can help solve.
• Use a story, scenario, news item, or case study to make the
problem relatable and interesting.
• Explain why this problem is important and relevant to the
students. .

3. phase 2. Activation { 5 min.}
Objective:
• Activate students' prior knowledge relevant to the topic.
Activities:
• Ask students to share their experiences or previous learning
related to the topic.
• Conduct a quick brainstorming session or a brief discussion to
bring forward relevant concepts they already know.
• Connect this prior knowledge to the current lesson’s objectives.
.

4. phase 3. demonstration {15 min.}
Objective:
• Demonstrate the key concepts or skills of the lesson.
Activities:
• Use examples, demonstrations, or simulations to illustrate the
main concepts or skills.
• Explain and show how these concepts are applied in solving the
problem introduced.
• Use visual aids, like diagrams or videos, to enhance
understanding. .

5. phase 4. application {15 min.}
Objective:
• Allow students to apply the new knowledge or skills.
Activities:
• Provide exercises, problems, or projects for students to work on
individually or in groups.
• Encourage students to apply what they have learned to solve
these tasks.
• Offer guidance and feedback as they work, helping them to refine
their understanding and skills. .

6. phase 5. integration {5 min.}
Objective:
• Encourage students to integrate the new knowledge or skills into their
own life.
Activities:
• Facilitate a discussion on how the lesson’s concepts can be applied in
real-life situations or other learning contexts.
• Ask students to reflect on what they learned and how it relates to
their own experiences or future learning.
• Summarize the key points of the lesson and provide a preview of the
next topic. .

7. Additional tips
Ensure the lecture is interactive, encouraging questions and discussions.
Use a variety of teaching methods to cater to different learning styles.
Be adaptable and ready to modify the lesson based on the students' responses and needs.
Keep track of time to ensure all phases are adequately covered.
This structure is designed to create an engaging and effective learning experience that connects theoretical
concepts to real-world applications, enhancing students' understanding and retention of the subject matter.
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