The fate of our universe internet.ppt
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The document discusses the origins and fate of the universe from the Big Bang to its potential future collapse. It introduces key concepts like the Doppler effect, redshift, and competing theories about an expanding, steady-state, infinite, collapsing, or oscillating universe. Hands-on models are suggested to illustrate these cosmological ideas.
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The universe began approximately 13.8 billion years ago from the expansion of gases and particles that eventually formed into stars and planets through gravitational forces and nuclear fusion. The present day universe is expanding at an accelerated rate due to dark energy and dark matter. It is predicted that the universe will end in one of three scenarios - the Big Rip where expansion becomes infinite, the Big Crunch where the universe collapses back on itself, or the Big Freeze where the universe grows too cold to support life.
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The Big Bang model describes the origin and evolution of our universe. It postulates that approximately 13.8 billion years ago, the entire observable universe was only a few millimeters in size and extremely hot and dense. The universe has been expanding and cooling ever since. Evidence for the Big Bang includes the expansion of the universe, the cosmic microwave background radiation, and the relative abundance of light elements like hydrogen and helium.
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The Big Bang model describes the origin and evolution of our universe. It postulates that approximately 13.8 billion years ago, the entire observable universe was only a few millimeters in size and extremely hot and dense. Since then, the universe has been expanding and cooling. Evidence for the Big Bang includes the expansion of the universe, the cosmic microwave background radiation, and the relative abundance of light elements like hydrogen and helium. The Doppler effect and redshift help astronomers measure the speeds at which distant galaxies are receding from Earth, leading to the discovery that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. Dark matter and dark energy are hypothesized to explain discrepancies in measurements of the density and expansion rate of the universe.
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The expansion of the universe is one of the most fundamental concepts in modern science yet also one of the most widely misunderstood. The key to avoiding misunderstandings is to not view the Big Bang as a bomb that exploded in the center of a preexisting void, hurling matter outward. Rather, it was an explosion of space itself that occurred everywhere simultaneously, similar to the expansion of the surface of an inflating balloon everywhere on its surface. This difference between expansion of space versus expansion in space has important consequences for understanding the size and growth rate of the universe as well as astronomical observations and the accelerating expansion.
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The document discusses the history and development of cosmological models of the universe from ancient to modern times. It describes early geocentric models proposed by Aristotle and Ptolemy, the shift to a heliocentric model under Copernicus, and the modern cosmological model of an expanding universe from the Big Bang proposed in the early 20th century and supported by observational evidence like the cosmic microwave background radiation and Hubble's law. The Big Bang model is now the prevailing theory but questions around dark matter and dark energy remain areas for further investigation.
In The Beginning
The document discusses various perspectives on the origins of the universe and life. It presents quotes and information that both support and question mainstream scientific theories like the Big Bang theory. It argues that the Big Bang requires supernatural beliefs and poses open questions about dark matter, dark energy, and problems with star formation that have no natural explanations. The document suggests an intelligent creator as an alternative perspective on origins.
Big bang vs_creation_ edtech2
The document compares the Big Bang theory and the biblical account of creation. It provides evidence against the Big Bang theory, including quantized galaxy redshifts that contradict the cosmological principle. It also notes implications of the Big Bang that are inconsistent with Genesis, such as death before sin. The Big Bang is described as a "true miracle" by physicist Paul Davies, whereas creationists argue that "In the beginning God created" is more scientific. The document questions whether all evidence is presented or just facts supporting the Big Bang theory.
ExpandingUniverse.ppt
This document describes the evolution of cosmological models throughout history from ancient Earth-centered models to the current Big Bang model. It discusses how each new model was developed in response to new observations that could not be explained by existing models, from Copernicus developing the Sun-centered model to resolve issues with planetary retrograde motion to Hubble establishing the expanding universe model based on the observation of redshift in galaxies. The document also outlines how new discoveries like dark matter and dark energy have led to refinements of the Big Bang model but not a rejection of the overall framework. It emphasizes that science advances through an ongoing process of testing predictions made by models against observations.
ExpandingUniverse fgadhs ukfkfkfuk u djd
This document describes the evolution of cosmological models throughout history from ancient Earth-centered models to the current Big Bang model. It discusses how each new model was developed in response to new observations that could not be explained by existing models, from Copernicus developing the Sun-centered model to resolve issues with planetary motion to Hubble establishing the expanding universe model based on the observation of redshift in galaxies. The document also outlines how new discoveries like dark matter and dark energy have led to refinements of the Big Bang model but not a rejection of the overall framework. It emphasizes that science advances through an ongoing process of testing predictions made by models against observations.
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More from mrmeredith
Chinese new year
The Jade Emperor held a swimming race between animals to determine the order of the zodiac. The rat tricked the cat into falling in the river and leapt onto the ox's head at the finish to come in first, with the ox second. The order of the zodiac was decided based on the animals' placement in the race.
Pressure and moments4
Pressure is defined as the force per unit area applied perpendicular to a surface. It is useful for understanding weight, space travel by knowing safe distances from planets, and measuring blood pressure which is important for health. Pressure can be calculated as force divided by area. Moments are the turning effect of forces on objects with fixed points like hinges or axles, causing them to rotate. Moments are calculated as the force times the distance from the pivot point.
Pressure and moments (3)
Pressure is a type of force measured as the force applied over an area. It can be high, like the pressure from stilettos, or low, like the pressure from dice. Pressure is calculated using the formula of force divided by area. Moments are also a type of force but are not symbolized on the periodic table like pressure. Levers can be used to increase or decrease the magnitude of a force and change the direction of its application through its fulcrum.
Pressure and moments (2)
Pressure is determined by dividing force by the contact area. High pressure results from applying force over a small area, like the narrow heel of a stiletto shoe, while low pressure comes from force spread over a larger area, such as an elephant's wide feet. Pressure and moments formulas can be used to calculate and understand pressure in mechanical systems like levers.
Global warming environment
Fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas take several years to form naturally, whereas solar and wind power are renewable energy sources. Solar power has advantages of being sustainable and environmentally friendly but is currently expensive, while wind power is cheap but produces intermittent energy depending on wind conditions. Solar power installations can be costly.
Alternating current generator
An alternating current generator consists of a rectangular coil that spins within a magnetic field, inducing an electromotive force (EMF) that varies with the cosine of the angle between the coil and magnetic field. Power station alternators have three coil sets spaced 120 degrees apart, each producing an alternating EMF 120 degrees out of phase with the others. The electromagnet at the center spins rather than the coils. A back EMF is induced in a spinning electric motor coil as the flux linkage through it changes, opposing the applied voltage and wasting power through circuit resistance.
Lenzs law presentation f
Lenz's law states that any induced current created by a change in magnetic flux will flow in a direction that opposes the change which created it. This is a consequence of electromagnetic induction and Newton's third law, and is represented by the negative sign in Faraday's law of induction. One example is regenerative braking in hybrid vehicles, where the induced current in the alternator from slowing down the vehicle acts to slow it further through its opposing magnetic field.
Moving charges in a magnetic field
The document discusses how magnetic fields affect the path of electron beams and charged particles. It explains that electrons in a beam experience a force from a magnetic field that causes the beam to follow a circular path perpendicular to the direction of motion and field. It also provides the formula that the force on a charged particle in a magnetic field depends on the magnetic flux density, charge of the particle, and velocity of the particle. Finally, it notes that magnetic fields are used in particle detectors to separate different charged particles based on their charge and measure momentum from curved particle tracks.
powerstations and the environment 2
Fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas take several years to form naturally, whereas solar and wind power are renewable energy sources with some disadvantages. Solar power has advantages of being sustainable and environmentally-friendly but is extremely expensive, while wind power is cheap but produces intermittent energy depending on weather conditions. Solar power installations can be costly.
powerstation 2
This document discusses the consequences of climate change such as melting ice caps flooding, freak weather storms, and colder wetter winters. It also notes that fossil fuels produce CO2 and cannot be reused, and will eventually run out, while renewable energies can be reused, last longer and are more efficient.
powerstation 3
Fossil fuels like coal, gas, and oil release CO2 into the atmosphere and will eventually run out, as they were made millions of years ago underground. Wind and solar power are renewable sources that will not run out, but wind turbines need windy areas and solar panels work best in sunny places like Africa rather than the UK with less sun.
powerstation 3
The document discusses different energy sources such as fossil fuels, wind turbines, and solar panels. Fossil fuels release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere while wind turbines and solar panels do not pollute but have disadvantages of taking up space and not working without wind or sun. The consequences of global warming include wetter winters, warmer summers, melting ice caps which endangers Arctic and Antarctic animals. Individuals can help by recycling, conserving electricity and water, and not wasting energy.
powerstation
Renewable fossil fuels such as paper and water can be burned at power stations to produce electricity in an ongoing cycle and power homes and devices, but this process can pollute the air. The world is warming as we burn fossil fuel reserves and cut down forests, releasing greenhouse gases and thickening the atmosphere to trap more heat in a way that threatens to irreversibly change the world through rapid climate change unlike anything seen before. Urgent action is needed now to avoid a world that will soon be ash.
Planets
The document provides information about the planets in our solar system including Earth, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. For each planet, it lists the number of moons, day length, year length, and an interesting fact. Key details given include Earth having no moons and a 24 hour day, Venus named after the Roman goddess of love, Mars having 2 moons and temperatures varying from 0 to -100 degrees C, and Pluto being cold at -233 degrees C.
planets
Planets are celestial bodies that orbit stars. Our solar system has eight planets that orbit the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. These planets vary greatly in size, composition and other properties.
Faradays law
Faraday's law of induction states that the induced electromotive force (emf) in any closed circuit is equal to the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit. It explains how transformers, inductors, motors and generators work by relating the induced emf to the changing magnetic flux. The law combines with Lenz's law, which describes the direction of induced current. Specifically, the induced emf is equal to the product of the magnetic field strength, length of the coil, and its velocity of removal from the field.
Electron beams
The document discusses electron beams and how they can be deflected using magnetic fields. It explains that a force acts on a current-carrying wire placed in a magnetic field according to the equation F = BIL, where B is the magnetic field, I is the current, and L is the length of the wire. It also discusses how electron beams are produced through thermionic emission and can be controlled by applying magnetic fields, causing them to move in circles, spirals, or helices depending on the field orientation. Finally, it mentions researching deflecting electron beams for uses in technology from the 20th century such as television picture tubes, oscilloscopes, and x-ray tubes.
Particles moving in a circular path
This document discusses the motion of charged particles in a magnetic field. It introduces the formula for the magnetic force (F=BQv) and explains that charged particles will travel in a circular path when subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field. Examples are given of devices that use this principle, including cyclotrons which accelerate charged particles in a spiral path for medical applications like cancer treatment, and mass spectrometers which separate particles based on their different radii of curvature in a magnetic field.
Magnets1
The document discusses magnetism and magnetic fields. It begins by asking questions about magnetic properties and then outlines topics to be covered, including the definition of tesla as a unit of magnetic flux density. It explains that electron spin causes magnetism and describes magnetic field lines and poles. It also discusses Fleming's left hand rule and how the force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field is determined by F=BIL, where B is magnetic flux density, I is current, and L is wire length. Examples are provided to calculate magnetic field strength from measured force.
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The fate of our universe internet.ppt
- 1. The fate of our universe From the big bang to the big collapse
- 4. The Doppler effect http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHPBwyY0aqY
- 5. Red Shift
- 6. The Three Theories The Expanding Universe The steady state universe The Infinite universe The collapsing universe The Oscillating Universe
- 7. Red Shift Telescope Gravity Nebulae Hydrogen Nuclear fusion Helium Radiation Pressure Protostar Big Bang Asteroid Belt Meteorites Red Giant Neutron Star Supernova Black Hole