ABSTRACT: E-government initiatives have become increasingly popular as a means of improving public
service delivery and citizen engagement. However, there is a need for a comprehensive understanding of the
effectiveness of e-government initiatives and the factors that influence their success. This literature review aims
to synthesize empirical studies published between 2010 and 2021 on the effectiveness of e-government
initiatives in improving public service delivery. The review identified 42 studies that examined various aspects
of e-government initiatives, such as access to services, service quality, citizen satisfaction, trust, participation,
and impact on governance. The review found that e-government initiatives have the potential to improve public
service delivery by enhancing access, quality, and citizen engagement. However, the success of e-government
initiatives depends on several factors, such as adequate infrastructure and resources, effective governance and
leadership, stakeholder involvement and collaboration, and user-centered design and evaluation. The review also
identified several challenges and barriers to the implementation of e-government initiatives, such as digital
divide, data privacy and security, legal and regulatory frameworks, and citizen resistance and skepticism. The
review suggests the need for more research that adopts interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral approaches and
attends to the ethical and social implications of e-government initiatives. This review provides insights into the
current state of knowledge on e-government initiatives and their impact on public service delivery.
KEYWORDS : e-government, effectiveness, impact, public service delivery
The antecedent e-government quality for public behaviour intention, and exten...CSITiaesprime
An The main objective of the study is to identify the antecedent of leadership quality, public satisfaction and public behaviour intention of e-government service. Also, this study integrated e-government quality to expectation-confirmation model. In order to achieve these goals, observational research was then carried out to collect primary information, using the method of data dissemination and obtaining the opinion of 360 from the public using the e-government service and some of the e-government and software quality experts. The results of the study show that the positive association among the e-government services quality and public perceived usefulness, public expectation confirmation, leadership quality and public satisfaction that also play a positive role on the public behavior intention.
CITIZENS’ ACCEPTANCE OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICESijcseit
The rate of computer and internet usage has been increasing rapidly around the world. In parallel with the
technologic developments in computer science, transformation from traditional services to online services
has gained speed. The aim of this study is to predict the factors that affect e-government service usage. A
research model is developed to achieve this aim. The proposed model bases on Technology Acceptance
Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. A questionnaire is developed to evaluate the model. This
questionnaire composes of two parts: demographics part and item part. In the items part, 32 items
comprising the factors of the proposed model are asked to participants. 100 participants fill the
questionnaire. Reliability analysis of the questionnaire is evaluated with internal consistency reliability
method. Results show that all items satisfies the reliability conditions. The reliability of whole
questionnaire Cronbach Alpha is 0.885. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale of each of the factors
ranges from 0.878 to 0.890. Regression analysis results showed that all hypotheses are supported. This
study provides some valuable references to understand citizens’ acceptance level of e-government services.
CITIZENS’ ACCEPTANCE OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICESijcseit
The rate of computer and internet usage has been increasing rapidly around the world. In parallel with the
technologic developments in computer science, transformation from traditional services to online services
has gained speed. The aim of this study is to predict the factors that affect e-government service usage. A
research model is developed to achieve this aim. The proposed model bases on Technology Acceptance
Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. A questionnaire is developed to evaluate the model. This
questionnaire composes of two parts: demographics part and item part. In the items part, 32 items
comprising the factors of the proposed model are asked to participants. 100 participants fill the
questionnaire. Reliability analysis of the questionnaire is evaluated with internal consistency reliability
method. Results show that all items satisfies the reliability conditions. The reliability of whole
questionnaire Cronbach Alpha is 0.885. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale of each of the factors
ranges from 0.878 to 0.890. Regression analysis results showed that all hypotheses are supported. This
study provides some valuable references to understand citizens’ acceptance level of e-government services.
THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL FACTORS WITHIN THE GOVERNMENT ENTITIES ON THE IMPLEMEN...ijmpict
The building of e-government has become a priority issue as well as a challenge for many local, state, and
federal government agencies worldwide. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is now widely
employed to help the governments transformation toward smart governments. Many critical success factors
(CSF) are there to determine the chance a transformation project can go-live. It has been noticed that the
implementation journey for IT solutions in the public sector has lots of barriers and challenges which lead
to low success rate of projects. This study examines the effect of the Ease of Delivery of the implementation
journey on the Success of Delivery. The result shows that the Ease of Delivery is positively related to the
Success of Delivery. The result of this study has the potential to increase the success rate of IT projects in
government sector by shedding the light on the most important factors affecting the delivery journey for egovernment projects
The antecedent e-government quality for public behaviour intention, and exten...CSITiaesprime
An The main objective of the study is to identify the antecedent of leadership quality, public satisfaction and public behaviour intention of e-government service. Also, this study integrated e-government quality to expectation-confirmation model. In order to achieve these goals, observational research was then carried out to collect primary information, using the method of data dissemination and obtaining the opinion of 360 from the public using the e-government service and some of the e-government and software quality experts. The results of the study show that the positive association among the e-government services quality and public perceived usefulness, public expectation confirmation, leadership quality and public satisfaction that also play a positive role on the public behavior intention.
CITIZENS’ ACCEPTANCE OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICESijcseit
The rate of computer and internet usage has been increasing rapidly around the world. In parallel with the
technologic developments in computer science, transformation from traditional services to online services
has gained speed. The aim of this study is to predict the factors that affect e-government service usage. A
research model is developed to achieve this aim. The proposed model bases on Technology Acceptance
Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. A questionnaire is developed to evaluate the model. This
questionnaire composes of two parts: demographics part and item part. In the items part, 32 items
comprising the factors of the proposed model are asked to participants. 100 participants fill the
questionnaire. Reliability analysis of the questionnaire is evaluated with internal consistency reliability
method. Results show that all items satisfies the reliability conditions. The reliability of whole
questionnaire Cronbach Alpha is 0.885. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale of each of the factors
ranges from 0.878 to 0.890. Regression analysis results showed that all hypotheses are supported. This
study provides some valuable references to understand citizens’ acceptance level of e-government services.
CITIZENS’ ACCEPTANCE OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICESijcseit
The rate of computer and internet usage has been increasing rapidly around the world. In parallel with the
technologic developments in computer science, transformation from traditional services to online services
has gained speed. The aim of this study is to predict the factors that affect e-government service usage. A
research model is developed to achieve this aim. The proposed model bases on Technology Acceptance
Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. A questionnaire is developed to evaluate the model. This
questionnaire composes of two parts: demographics part and item part. In the items part, 32 items
comprising the factors of the proposed model are asked to participants. 100 participants fill the
questionnaire. Reliability analysis of the questionnaire is evaluated with internal consistency reliability
method. Results show that all items satisfies the reliability conditions. The reliability of whole
questionnaire Cronbach Alpha is 0.885. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale of each of the factors
ranges from 0.878 to 0.890. Regression analysis results showed that all hypotheses are supported. This
study provides some valuable references to understand citizens’ acceptance level of e-government services.
THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL FACTORS WITHIN THE GOVERNMENT ENTITIES ON THE IMPLEMEN...ijmpict
The building of e-government has become a priority issue as well as a challenge for many local, state, and
federal government agencies worldwide. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is now widely
employed to help the governments transformation toward smart governments. Many critical success factors
(CSF) are there to determine the chance a transformation project can go-live. It has been noticed that the
implementation journey for IT solutions in the public sector has lots of barriers and challenges which lead
to low success rate of projects. This study examines the effect of the Ease of Delivery of the implementation
journey on the Success of Delivery. The result shows that the Ease of Delivery is positively related to the
Success of Delivery. The result of this study has the potential to increase the success rate of IT projects in
government sector by shedding the light on the most important factors affecting the delivery journey for egovernment projects
Effects of Relationship Quality on Citizen Intention Use of Egovernment Servi...IJECEIAES
This study aims to explain the concept of relationship quality on citizen intention use of e-Government service. We have built 5 hypotheses. The result of 5 hypotheses is positive and significant impact. In building citizen relationship, we build two antecedent they are perceived e-Government usability and perceived e-Government credibility. The method we use in this research is empirical, with 366 valid respondents.
The Contribution of Information Technology Infrastructure in the Information ...IJRES Journal
There are some great innovations in e-government during the past decade. And there is intense competition between some governments and leaders in the supply of services on the Internet. Some countries do not want to stay behind in this area, where many governments have developed detailed strategies to realize the e-government programs. Despite differences in goals behind these programs from one country to another, but there are still many points of convergence between them particularly in information technology infrastructure field. However, Problems associated with the process of application and adoption of e-government due to poor systems and infrastructure construction, which negatively affects the adoption of the public services through the e-government portal, in particular in developing countries. This study argued contribution the information technology Infrastructure in Information Systems success in e-government agencies. Where there are weaknesses in the understanding of this contribution and its importance in many developing countries, so the researcher proposed a model to clarify this contribution, and expected a positive relationship between the information technology infrastructure factors and information systems success, and this affects positively or negatively the adoption of e-government.
Promoting social participation through Digital Governance: identifying barrie...dgovs_pucrs
This article aims to identify barriers for the adoption of strategic goals related to social participation in the Brazilian Public Administration present in the recently launched Brazilian Digital Governance Policy.
Promoting transparency in university administration through e governanceVijay Bhaskar
The advances in information and communication technology (ICT) has created opportunities to transform the relationship between universities, students and other stake holders in new ways that contribute to the attainment of good governance. They provide choices for the universities and its stake holders to involve in the process of governance at all levels. They facilitate larger participation and better service delivery, thus making governance more efficient and effective. In addition, e-governance may lower transaction costs both for the university and its stake holders. E-governance presents many avenues for improving administrative trans- parency and performance efficiency. It has opened up new opportunities for universities to manage things differently and in a more efficient manner by utilizing information and re-engineering the processes. Many universities have launched specific initiatives for transparent administration. Students are being perceived as clients rather than beneficiaries. The Internet revolution has proved to be a powerful tool for student-centric governance of universities. An important dimension of the Internet potential is the possibility of providing educational services anytime, anywhere. This paper investigates the role of e-governance in promoting trans- parent administration in the universities.
Successful factors determining the significant relationship between e-governa...riyaniaes
Every government's major objective is to provide the greatest services in order to establish efficiency and quality of performance. Syria's government has understood how critical it is to go in the direction of information technology. However, there are gaps and poor links across government sectors, which has tainted the image of Syrian e-governance. As a result, one of the main aims of this study is to figure out what factors impact Syrians' acceptance of the e-government system. A total of 600 questionnaires were delivered to Syrian individuals as part of a survey. The data was analysed using the structural equation model (SEM) using AMOS version 21.0. User intention to utilise an e-government system was shown to be influenced by performance expectations, effort expectations, system flexibility, citizens-centricity, and facilitating conditions. Assurance, responsiveness, reliability, tangibles, and empathy are five fundamental factors that have a major impact on government operation excellence. Behavioural Intention is being utilised as a mediator between the government operation excellence (GOE) initiative and the e-government platform.
The effect of Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth and Profitability on Tax ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This research aims to test, analyze and obtain empirical evidence about the influence of
institutional ownership, sales growth and profitability on tax avoidance. The object of this research is
manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI)
in 2018-2022. This research used quantitative research methods and causal research design. The sampling
technique in this research used non-probability sampling with purposive sampling as the basis for determining
the sample so that a sample of 55 samples was obtained. The data used is secondary data obtained from the
official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during the 2018-2022 period. The data analysis method
used was multiple linear regression analysis with several tests such as descriptive statistical tests, classical
assumption tests, and hypothesis testing using SPSS version 26 statistical software. The results showed that the
institutional ownership variable has no effect on tax avoidance, while the sales growth and profitability has a
negative and significant effect on tax avoidance.
KEYWORDS: Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth, Profitability, Tax Avoidance
MGA ESTRATEHIYA SA PAGTUTURO KAUGNAY SA PASALITANG PARTISIPASYON NG MGA MAG-A...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRAK: Ang mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ay mahalagang kasangkapan sa paghahatid ng mabisang
pagtuturo sa loob ng silid. Tinukoy sa pag-aaral na ito ang antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa pagsasadula,
pangkatang talakayan at paggawa ng mga koneksyon sa tunay na karanasan sa buhay bilang mga estratehiya sa
pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino at pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral sa Baitang 7 ng Misamis
University Junior High School, Ozamiz City. Ang ginamit na disenyo sa pananaliksik na ito ay deskriptivcorrelational. Ang mga datos sa pag-aaral ay nagmula sa kabuuang populasyon na 120 na mag-aaral at tatlong
mga guro na tagamasid sa pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral. Ang Talatanungan sa Kagamitan sa
Pagtuturo ng Panitikan at Checklist batay sa Obserbasyon sa Pasalita na Partisipasyon ay ang instrumentong
ginamit sa pagkalap ng datos. Mean, standard deviation, Analysis of Variance at Pearson Product-Moment
Correlation Coefficient ang mga ginamit na estatistiko na sangkap. Inihayag sa naging resulta na ang tatlong piling
estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino ay may pinakamataas na antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral.
Ang antas ng pakilahok ng mga mag-aaral sa paggamit ng tatlong estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan ay
pinakamataas na nagpapahiwatig na aktibong nakilahok ang mga mag-aaral sa mga gawain. Inihayag din na
walang makabuluhang kaibahan sa antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng
panitikan sa Filipino. Ito ay nangahulugan na gustong-gusto ng mga mag-aaral ang pagkakaroon ng mga
estratehiya sa pagtuturo. Walang makabuluhang kaugnayan ang kagustuhan sa mga estratehiya at antas ng
pakikilahok ng mga mag-aaral. Hindi nakaapekto sa kanilang pakikilahok ang anumang estratehiyang ginamit ng
guro.
KEYWORDS : estratehiya, karanasan, pagsasadula, pagtuturo, pangkatang talakayan
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Effects of Relationship Quality on Citizen Intention Use of Egovernment Servi...IJECEIAES
This study aims to explain the concept of relationship quality on citizen intention use of e-Government service. We have built 5 hypotheses. The result of 5 hypotheses is positive and significant impact. In building citizen relationship, we build two antecedent they are perceived e-Government usability and perceived e-Government credibility. The method we use in this research is empirical, with 366 valid respondents.
The Contribution of Information Technology Infrastructure in the Information ...IJRES Journal
There are some great innovations in e-government during the past decade. And there is intense competition between some governments and leaders in the supply of services on the Internet. Some countries do not want to stay behind in this area, where many governments have developed detailed strategies to realize the e-government programs. Despite differences in goals behind these programs from one country to another, but there are still many points of convergence between them particularly in information technology infrastructure field. However, Problems associated with the process of application and adoption of e-government due to poor systems and infrastructure construction, which negatively affects the adoption of the public services through the e-government portal, in particular in developing countries. This study argued contribution the information technology Infrastructure in Information Systems success in e-government agencies. Where there are weaknesses in the understanding of this contribution and its importance in many developing countries, so the researcher proposed a model to clarify this contribution, and expected a positive relationship between the information technology infrastructure factors and information systems success, and this affects positively or negatively the adoption of e-government.
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This article aims to identify barriers for the adoption of strategic goals related to social participation in the Brazilian Public Administration present in the recently launched Brazilian Digital Governance Policy.
Promoting transparency in university administration through e governanceVijay Bhaskar
The advances in information and communication technology (ICT) has created opportunities to transform the relationship between universities, students and other stake holders in new ways that contribute to the attainment of good governance. They provide choices for the universities and its stake holders to involve in the process of governance at all levels. They facilitate larger participation and better service delivery, thus making governance more efficient and effective. In addition, e-governance may lower transaction costs both for the university and its stake holders. E-governance presents many avenues for improving administrative trans- parency and performance efficiency. It has opened up new opportunities for universities to manage things differently and in a more efficient manner by utilizing information and re-engineering the processes. Many universities have launched specific initiatives for transparent administration. Students are being perceived as clients rather than beneficiaries. The Internet revolution has proved to be a powerful tool for student-centric governance of universities. An important dimension of the Internet potential is the possibility of providing educational services anytime, anywhere. This paper investigates the role of e-governance in promoting trans- parent administration in the universities.
Successful factors determining the significant relationship between e-governa...riyaniaes
Every government's major objective is to provide the greatest services in order to establish efficiency and quality of performance. Syria's government has understood how critical it is to go in the direction of information technology. However, there are gaps and poor links across government sectors, which has tainted the image of Syrian e-governance. As a result, one of the main aims of this study is to figure out what factors impact Syrians' acceptance of the e-government system. A total of 600 questionnaires were delivered to Syrian individuals as part of a survey. The data was analysed using the structural equation model (SEM) using AMOS version 21.0. User intention to utilise an e-government system was shown to be influenced by performance expectations, effort expectations, system flexibility, citizens-centricity, and facilitating conditions. Assurance, responsiveness, reliability, tangibles, and empathy are five fundamental factors that have a major impact on government operation excellence. Behavioural Intention is being utilised as a mediator between the government operation excellence (GOE) initiative and the e-government platform.
The effect of Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth and Profitability on Tax ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This research aims to test, analyze and obtain empirical evidence about the influence of
institutional ownership, sales growth and profitability on tax avoidance. The object of this research is
manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI)
in 2018-2022. This research used quantitative research methods and causal research design. The sampling
technique in this research used non-probability sampling with purposive sampling as the basis for determining
the sample so that a sample of 55 samples was obtained. The data used is secondary data obtained from the
official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during the 2018-2022 period. The data analysis method
used was multiple linear regression analysis with several tests such as descriptive statistical tests, classical
assumption tests, and hypothesis testing using SPSS version 26 statistical software. The results showed that the
institutional ownership variable has no effect on tax avoidance, while the sales growth and profitability has a
negative and significant effect on tax avoidance.
KEYWORDS: Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth, Profitability, Tax Avoidance
MGA ESTRATEHIYA SA PAGTUTURO KAUGNAY SA PASALITANG PARTISIPASYON NG MGA MAG-A...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRAK: Ang mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ay mahalagang kasangkapan sa paghahatid ng mabisang
pagtuturo sa loob ng silid. Tinukoy sa pag-aaral na ito ang antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa pagsasadula,
pangkatang talakayan at paggawa ng mga koneksyon sa tunay na karanasan sa buhay bilang mga estratehiya sa
pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino at pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral sa Baitang 7 ng Misamis
University Junior High School, Ozamiz City. Ang ginamit na disenyo sa pananaliksik na ito ay deskriptivcorrelational. Ang mga datos sa pag-aaral ay nagmula sa kabuuang populasyon na 120 na mag-aaral at tatlong
mga guro na tagamasid sa pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral. Ang Talatanungan sa Kagamitan sa
Pagtuturo ng Panitikan at Checklist batay sa Obserbasyon sa Pasalita na Partisipasyon ay ang instrumentong
ginamit sa pagkalap ng datos. Mean, standard deviation, Analysis of Variance at Pearson Product-Moment
Correlation Coefficient ang mga ginamit na estatistiko na sangkap. Inihayag sa naging resulta na ang tatlong piling
estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino ay may pinakamataas na antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral.
Ang antas ng pakilahok ng mga mag-aaral sa paggamit ng tatlong estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan ay
pinakamataas na nagpapahiwatig na aktibong nakilahok ang mga mag-aaral sa mga gawain. Inihayag din na
walang makabuluhang kaibahan sa antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng
panitikan sa Filipino. Ito ay nangahulugan na gustong-gusto ng mga mag-aaral ang pagkakaroon ng mga
estratehiya sa pagtuturo. Walang makabuluhang kaugnayan ang kagustuhan sa mga estratehiya at antas ng
pakikilahok ng mga mag-aaral. Hindi nakaapekto sa kanilang pakikilahok ang anumang estratehiyang ginamit ng
guro.
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develop an internal psychological obstacle that grows as their lack of the necessary instruments or tools to
overcome are not equipped with. They become lost and unaware about or unfamiliar with the necessary reading
comprehension strategies that could help them to face the problem of misunderstanding or non-understanding
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frequency use. A sample of 283 University students in EFL context have been chosen randomly and have
attended the usual academic reading classes, yet only 76 are subject to this survey. 38 of them constitute the
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participants are chosen randomly from the whole population to constitute the Control group. They all have
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management is to use regulating the internal interactions within the system, and to decrease the increasing
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peacefully. The evolution of human society must be coevolution. Its foundation is the evolution of the human
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After conducting the Exploratory Factor Analysis and performing rotations and iterations, the researchers
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analysis, and Philippines.
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aims to present the environmental violations experienced by the Lumad farmers in Davao City and how it
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concluded that the most common struggles the participant experience are Illegal logging and improper waste
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hassle of being called to be present in court, are the most prevalent barriers that hinder the lead farmers from
accessing justice or seeking legal action. Nevertheless, the participants believed that the government would help
them in accessing justice.
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ego and the superego. Such an organization of the psychic apparatus supposes not only individual elements, but
social influences along the process of hominization. In this paper, we recover the findings of the renowned
anthropologist Lewis Morgan, trying to link some of them to the psychoanalytic theory. Especially highlighting
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gathered a robust dataset comprising 107 responses through a meticulously designed self-administered
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with SmartPLS 3.2.9, we rigorously analyzed the data to scrutinize the intricate relationship between safety
behavior and safety performance. The research findings unequivocally underscore the palpable and
consequential impact of safety behavior variables, namely safety compliance and safety participation, on
improving safety performance indicators such as accidents, injuries, and property damages. These results
strongly validate research hypotheses. Consequently, this study highlights the pivotal significance of cultivating
safety behavior among employees, particularly in resource-constrained SME settings, as an essential step toward
enhancing workplace safety performance.
KEYWORDS :Safety compliance, safety participation, safety performance, SME
Psychological Empowerment and Empathy as Correlates of ForgivenessAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The study explores Psychological Empowerment and Empathy as Correlates of Forgiveness.
The two variables are regarded to have influence on the decision one makes to forgive another. The study aimed
at examining the relationships between psychological empowerment and forgiveness, empathy and forgiveness
and to identify which one of the two,Psychological Empowerment or Empathy, is the more powerful predictor of
forgiveness. The study took a survey design with a sample of 350 drawn from a population of university students
using a self-administered questionnaire with four sections: Personal information, Psychological empowerment
scale, Toronto Empathy questionnaire, and the Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS). Data analysis employed
Pearson’s product moment correlation and regression analysis to test hypotheses. The results show significant
relationships between psychological empowerment and forgiveness as well as empathy and forgiveness.
Empathy was found to be the more powerful predictor of forgiveness.
KEY WORDS: Psychological empowerment, empathy, forgiveness
Exploring The Dimensions and Dynamics of Felt Obligation: A Bibliometric Anal...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTARCT: This study presents, to our knowledge, the first bibliometric analysis focusing on the concept of
"felt obligation," examining 120 articles published between 1986 and 2024. The aim of the study is to deepen our
understanding of the existing knowledge in the field of "felt obligation" and to provide guidance for further
research. The analysis is centered around the authors, countries, institutions, and keywords of the articles. The
findings highlight prominent researchers in this field, leading universities, and influential journals. Particularly,
it is identified that China plays a leading role in "felt obligation" research. The analysis of keywords emphasizes
the thematic focuses of these studies and provides a roadmap for future research. Finally, various
recommendations are presented to deepen the knowledge in this area and promote applied research. This study
serves as a foundation to expand and advance the understanding of "felt obligation" in the field.
KEYWORDS: Felt Obligation, Bibliometric Analysis, Research Trends
Les autorités traditionnelles et l’administration coloniale au Tchad : 1900-1960AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : In Africa, traditionalauthorities are the guardians of tradition. Recently, however, they have
been caughtbetween tradition and modernity in the exercise of political power in Chad. However, we are
witnessing the revival of chieftaincy and the hybridization of the politicalpowersexercisedwithinit. In this
cohabitation of powers, traditionalauthorityisescapingitsrole as guardian of tradition.
Traditionalauthorityisthereforepresented in itscurrent state, as a proxy for the modern state in traditional
administrative districts. The aim of thisstudyis to analyze the mutations and adaptability of
traditionalauthorityfrom the pre-colonialperiodthrough the colonial period to the post-colonial period. This
workanalyzes the mutations of authorities. The data collected and processedrevealthattraditionalauthorities have
survivedalmosteverywhere, the former chiefdomsdissolvedduringcolonization have been restored by
republicanheads of state, while more and more frequently civil servants, businessmen, academics and
othermembers of the literateelite, whopreviouslyhad no attraction for the position of traditionalchief, are
beingenthroned.
Key words:Authorities, Administration, colonization, Chad, Kanem.
A Conceptual Analysis of Correlates of Domestic Violence and Adolescent Risky...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The study explores domestic violence and how it influences adolescent risky behavior.
Domestic violence is a devastating social problem resulting in significant and enduring effects on children,
threatening both their health and emotional well-being. The study aimed at examining the relationships between
domestic Violence and Psychological Empowerment, Domestic Violence and Self-esteem, psychological
Empowerment and Self-Regulation, Self Esteem and Psychological empowerment, Self-Esteem and Selfregulation, Self-Regulation and Adolescent Risky Behavior and identify the stronger predictor of self-regulation
between psychological empowerment and Self-esteem. Adolescent respondents who experienced domestic
violence were purposely selected and guided by teachers and administrators who had provided support to these
children.The questionnaire had six sections namely; personal information, the Child Exposure to Domestic
Violence Scale, the Psychological empowerment scale, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Inventory, and the Brief
Self-Control Scale. Data analysis employed Pearson's product-moment correlation (r) to test hypotheses 1,
2,3,4,5, and 6. Regression analysis was used for hypothesis 7.The results show a significant relationship
between domestic Violence and Psychological Empowerment, Domestic Violence and Self-esteem,
psychological Empowerment and Self-Regulation, Self Esteem and Psychological empowerment, Self-Esteem
and Self-regulation, Self-Regulation, and Adolescent Risky Behavior. The study documents that Psychological
empowerment is a stronger predictor of self-regulation than Self-esteem.
KEYWORDS:Domestic violence, psychological empowerment, self-regulation, and Adolescent risky behavior
Driving Sustainable Competitive Advantage Through an Innovative Aggregator Bu...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The aim of the research is to analyze the influence of the aggregation business model on
Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA). Through a survey of 216 MSMEs in the creative economy sector
selected randomly using an ex post facto causal research approach, an overview of the aggregator business
model and its impact on financial resources and SCA was obtained. The aggregator business model plays a role
in facilitating increased access to financial resources to meet both available and required working capital for
realizing SCA in Malang's Lokanima area. The strength of ABM lies in understanding the resources needed for
SCA and the effectiveness of mobilizing services while considering the most cost-effective options, including
providing various alternatives in their provision. Financial resources are an important factor supporting the
achievement of SCA. Access to financial resources is key to facilitating business growth and sustainability.
Theoretical implications: The concept of the aggregator business model emphasizes the efficient and effective
collection, aggregation, and distribution of resources in connecting service providers with consumers in an
economical and efficient manner. Practical implications: ABM can enhance the performance of financial
resource provision by optimizing relationships with MSMEs and financial institutions, leading to business
growth and sustainability for MSMEs.
KEYWORDS -Aggregator Business, Creative Economy, Financial Resources, Sustainable Competitive
Advantage
Accuracy of ChatGPT for Basic Values of Trigonometric FunctionsAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This study analyzes the accuracy of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence model based on GPT3.5, in determining the values of basic trigonometric functions. To this end, we examine ChatGPT's responses to
sine, cosine, tangent, and cotangent values for a wide range of angles. We compare the results provided by
ChatGPT with the accuracy values determined by basic trigonometry. We also explore differences in accuracy
depending on changes in question complexity and given context. The results show a high level of accuracy of
ChatGPT in determining the values of trigonometric functions, especially for common angles. However, it is
noted that accuracy may be affected in certain cases of extreme angles or complex questions. This analysis
provides an important representation of ChatGPT's capabilities in the field of mathematics, using a new method
for testing the accuracy of artificial intelligence models in determining trigonometric values.
Keywords -Accuracy, AI Model, ChatGPT, Trigonometric Functions, Trigonometry
Postmodern Marketing and Its Impact on Traditional Marketing Approaches: Is K...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The essay discusses the concept of postmodern marketing and its impact on marketing theory
and practice. It explores the characteristics of postmodernism, including openness, tolerance, hyper-reality,
fragmentation, and the lack of clear boundaries, and how they challenge traditional marketing approaches. The
paper also looks at the contributions of postmodern marketing to consumer and marketing research and how it
has redefined the way we think about marketing as a science. Ultimately, it raises the question of whether and
how marketing should adapt itself to the new conditions brought about by postmodernism.
KEYWORDS :Postmodernism, Postmodern Marketing, Kotler, Marketing Theory, Postmodern Consumer
Reorientation of Health Service Governance Toward the Fulfillment of Social J...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Health insurance is a human right. At the practical level, this health insurance program in
Indonesia is organized by BPJS Kesehatan (Social Security Administering Body for Health). The
implementation of BPJS Kesehatan is still not optimal and effective. Three problems are discussed in this
writing: the dynamics of health insurance governance in Indonesia, the implementation of the fulfillment of the
right to health by BPJS Kesehatan, and the reorientation of BPJS Kesehatan services toward social justice.
These problems are then answered by scientific research methods using a sociological juridical approach.
Complaintsoften occur regarding the regulations, the services provided by the health facility providers, and the
distance between the community and the health facilities. Such complaints affect the public interest in becoming
BPJS Kesehatan participants. The aforementioned conditions must be considered and evaluated for the
government's success in the aspired national health insurance plan.
KEYWORDS -BPJS Kesehatan, Health Insurance, Social Justice
“To be integrated is to feel secure, to feel connected.” The views and experi...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Although a significant amount of literature exists on Morocco's migration policies and their
successes and failures since their implementation in 2014, there is limited research on the integration of subSaharan African children into schools. This paperis part of a Ph.D. research project that aims to fill this gap. It
reports the main findings of a study conducted with migrant children enrolled in two public schools in Rabat,
Morocco, exploring how integration is defined by the children themselves and identifying the obstacles that they
have encountered thus far. The following paper uses an inductive approach and primarily focuses on the
relationships of children with their teachers and peers as a key aspect of integration for students with a migration
background. The study has led to several crucial findings. It emphasizes the significance of speaking Colloquial
Moroccan Arabic (Darija) and being part of a community for effective integration. Moreover, it reveals that the
use of Modern Standard Arabic as the language of instruction in schools is a source of frustration for students,
indicating the need for language policy reform. The study underlines the importanceof considering the
children‟s agency when being integrated into mainstream public schools.
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KEYWORDS: migration, education, integration, sub-Saharan African children, public school
Sport et vieillissement : une analyse de la pratique des activités physiques ...AJHSSR Journal
Abstract : The aim of thispaperis to report on the effects of physicalactivity and sport on the health of older
people. Based on a mixed-methodsapproach, several techniques, namelydocumentaryanalysis and semistructured interviews, wereused in thisresearch in order to obtain a range of data thatwasavailable, accessible
and relevant to the subjectunderstudy. This enabled us to arrive at the resultsaccording to which the
stakeholders' perceptions of theirhealth are based on the practice of physicalactivities and sport as a social
construct in a socio-cultural context. Older people see sport as a way of curingillnesses, but above all as a way
of givingtheir bodies vitality. Othersseeit as a way of reinvigoratingthemselvesafter retirement.
Key words: Ageing, Physical activities, Sports activities, Elderly people.
Telegram is a messaging platform that ushers in a new era of communication. Available for Android, Windows, Mac, and Linux, Telegram offers simplicity, privacy, synchronization across devices, speed, and powerful features. It allows users to create their own stickers with a user-friendly editor. With robust encryption, Telegram ensures message security and even offers self-destructing messages. The platform is open, with an API and source code accessible to everyone, making it a secure and social environment where groups can accommodate up to 200,000 members. Customize your messenger experience with Telegram's expressive features.
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EASY TUTORIAL OF HOW TO USE G-TEAMS BY: FEBLESS HERNANEFebless Hernane
Using Google Teams (G-Teams) is simple. Start by opening the Google Teams app on your phone or visiting the G-Teams website on your computer. Sign in with your Google account. To join a meeting, click on the link shared by the organizer or enter the meeting code in the "Join a Meeting" section. To start a meeting, click on "New Meeting" and share the link with others. You can use the chat feature to send messages and the video button to turn your camera on or off. G-Teams makes it easy to connect and collaborate with others!
Surat Digital Marketing School is created to offer a complete course that is specifically designed as per the current industry trends. Years of experience has helped us identify and understand the graduate-employee skills gap in the industry. At our school, we keep up with the pace of the industry and impart a holistic education that encompasses all the latest concepts of the Digital world so that our graduates can effortlessly integrate into the assigned roles.
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The Effectiveness of E-Government Initiatives in Improving Public Service Delivery: A Review of the Literature
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American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR)
e-ISSN :2378-703X
Volume-07, Issue-04, pp-176-182
www.ajhssr.com
Research Paper Open Access
The Effectiveness of E-Government Initiatives in Improving
Public Service Delivery: A Review of the Literature
Abegail C. Indama1
1
Public Administration Department, Basilan State College, Philippines
Corresponding author: Abegail C. Indama
ABSTRACT: E-government initiatives have become increasingly popular as a means of improving public
service delivery and citizen engagement. However, there is a need for a comprehensive understanding of the
effectiveness of e-government initiatives and the factors that influence their success. This literature review aims
to synthesize empirical studies published between 2010 and 2021 on the effectiveness of e-government
initiatives in improving public service delivery. The review identified 42 studies that examined various aspects
of e-government initiatives, such as access to services, service quality, citizen satisfaction, trust, participation,
and impact on governance. The review found that e-government initiatives have the potential to improve public
service delivery by enhancing access, quality, and citizen engagement. However, the success of e-government
initiatives depends on several factors, such as adequate infrastructure and resources, effective governance and
leadership, stakeholder involvement and collaboration, and user-centered design and evaluation. The review also
identified several challenges and barriers to the implementation of e-government initiatives, such as digital
divide, data privacy and security, legal and regulatory frameworks, and citizen resistance and skepticism. The
review suggests the need for more research that adopts interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral approaches and
attends to the ethical and social implications of e-government initiatives. This review provides insights into the
current state of knowledge on e-government initiatives and their impact on public service delivery.
KEYWORDS : e-government, effectiveness, impact, public service delivery
I. INTRODUCTION
In recent years, e-government initiatives have emerged as a major trend in public administration around the
world. E-government refers to the use of electronic technology to deliver government services to citizens,
businesses, and other stakeholders. The implementation of e-government initiatives is often seen as a way to
improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public service delivery, increase citizen participation and
engagement in governance, and enhance transparency and accountability in government operations. The
development and implementation of e-government initiatives have been driven by technological advancements
and changing public expectations of government services.The use of electronic technology in public service
delivery has the potential to revolutionize the way that governments interact with citizens. E-government
initiatives can help to bridge the gap between citizens and government by providing convenient and accessible
online services that can be accessed from anywhere and at any time. This has the potential to increase citizen
participation in government and reduce the cost and time associated with traditional methods of service delivery.
E-government initiatives also have the potential to improve the quality and timeliness of public services by
providing real-time access to information and reducing administrative burdens.
Despite the potential benefits of e-government initiatives, their implementation can be challenging. The
success of e-government initiatives depends on a range of factors, including the availability of technological
infrastructure, the capacity of government organizations to manage and implement complex technological
projects, the willingness of citizens to adopt new technology, and the ability of governments to maintain the
security and privacy of electronic transactions. These challenges have led to variations in the success of e-
government initiatives around the world, with some countries achieving significant success while others have
struggled to implement effective e-government initiatives.The effectiveness of e-government initiatives in
improving public service delivery is an important area of research that has received significant attention in
recent years. While there is some evidence to suggest that e-government initiatives have the potential to improve
public service delivery, there is also evidence to suggest that the implementation of these initiatives can be
challenging and that their effectiveness is not guaranteed. The impact of e-government initiatives on various
aspects of public service delivery, including access to services, service quality, and citizen satisfaction, is an
area of ongoing research and debate.
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Still, there is a need for a comprehensive review of the existing research on the effectiveness of e-
government initiatives in improving public service delivery. Such a review will provide a better understanding
of the potential benefits and challenges associated with e-government initiatives and will help to identify
strategies for addressing these challenges. This review will also highlight areas for future research in this
important and rapidly evolving field.
Relative to this, the main objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of e-government initiatives
in improving public service delivery. Specifically, it aims to:
1. Review the existing literature on e-government initiatives and their impact on access to services,
service quality, and citizen satisfaction.
2. Identify the challenges and barriers to the implementation of e-government initiatives and explore
strategies for addressing these challenges.
3. Provide recommendations for policymakers and practitioners involved in the implementation of e-
government initiatives.
This study will make a significant contribution to the existing literature on e-government and public service
delivery. The findings will provide policymakers and practitioners with a better understanding of the potential
benefits and challenges associated with e-government initiatives. This will help in the development and
implementation of e-government initiatives that are more effective and efficient. The study will also identify
strategies for addressing the challenges associated with the implementation of e-government initiatives, which
will help to improve their effectiveness. Also, it will also have important implications for future research in this
important and rapidly evolving field. The identification of areas for future research will help to guide future
research efforts and will contribute to the development of amore comprehensive and nuanced understanding of
the impact of e-government initiatives on public service delivery.
In terms of scope and limitations, this study will focus on the effectiveness of e-government initiatives in
improving public service delivery. It will review the existing literature on e-government initiatives and their
impact on access to services, service quality, and citizen satisfaction. It will also examine the challenges and
barriers to the implementation of e-government initiatives and explore strategies for addressing these challenges.
However, it will be limited to empirical studies published in English between 2010 and 2022.
II. METHODS
This literature review follows a systematic approach to identify and analyze empirical studies published between
2010 and 2021 on the effectiveness of e-government initiatives in improving public service delivery. The search
was conducted in six major academic databases: Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, and
Google Scholar. The search terms used were "e-government," "public service delivery," "citizen engagement,"
"service quality," "access to services," "trust," "participation," "governance," and "impact." The search was
limited to studies published in English and peer-reviewed journals.
The initial search yielded a total of 5,987 studies. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 42 studies
were selected for the final review. The inclusion criteria were studies that (1) focused on the effectiveness of e-
government initiatives in improving public service delivery, (2) employed empirical methods, (3) were
published between 2010 and 2021, (4) were written in English, and (5) were peer-reviewed. The exclusion
criteria were studies that (1) focused on e-government initiatives in non-public sector contexts, (2) employed
non-empirical methods, (3) were published before 2010, (4) were written in languages other than English, and
(5) were not peer-reviewed.The selected studies were analyzed using a thematic approach to identify the key
themes and findings related to the effectiveness of e-government initiatives in improving public service delivery.
The data were extracted using a standardized form that included the following information: (1) study
characteristics (e.g., author, year, country, research design), (2) research questions and objectives, (3) sample
characteristics, (4) e-government initiatives and outcomes examined, (5) key findings and conclusions, and (6)
limitations and implications. The data were synthesized and summarized based on the key themes and findings,
and a narrative synthesis was conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the literature.
Limitations of the review include the limited scope of the search terms and databases used, the exclusion of non-
peer-reviewed studies and studies published in languages other than English, and the potential publication bias
towards positive findings. However, the review provides a comprehensive synthesis of empirical studies on the
effectiveness of e-government initiatives in improving public service delivery and identifies key themes,
findings, and implications for future research and practice.
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III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The literature review identified 42 empirical studies on e-government initiatives and public service
delivery, published between 2010 and 2021. The studies were conducted in various countries, including the
United States, Canada, United Kingdom, China, Malaysia, India, and South Korea. The studies employed
various research designs, such as surveys, case studies, experiments, and qualitative interviews. The studies
examined various aspects of e-government initiatives, such as access to services, service quality, citizen
satisfaction, trust, participation, and impact on governance.The majority of studies (71%) reported a positive
impact of e-government initiatives on public service delivery, with improvements observed in areas such as
efficiency, accessibility, and citizen satisfaction. The remaining studies (29%) reported mixed or negative
results, highlighting challenges such as digital divide, lack of user-friendliness, and resistance to change. The
factors that influenced the success of e-government initiatives included the level of technological infrastructure
and access to digital devices, the quality and relevance of the information provided, the user-friendliness of the
system, and the level of citizen engagement and participation. Moreover, e-government initiatives should be
aligned with the overall policy objectives and goals of the government, and should be integrated with other
channels of service delivery.
Thematic Analysis
The 42 empirical studies included in this literature review were analyzed thematically to identify the key
themes and findings related to the effectiveness of e-government initiatives in improving public service delivery.
The thematic analysis revealed four key themes:
1. E-Government initiatives and service delivery outcomes
2. Citizen engagement and participation
3. Trust and perceived benefits
4. Implementation and sustainability
Each of these themes was further divided into sub-themes and codes that emerged from the data. The
following sections provide a detailed summary of each theme, sub-theme, and code.
1. E-Government initiatives and service delivery outcomes
This theme focused on the e-government initiatives implemented and their impact on public service
delivery outcomes. The sub-themes identified were:
a. Service quality: This sub-theme examined the impact of e-government initiatives on the quality of
public services, such as timeliness, accuracy, and accessibility. The codes identified under this sub-theme were
improved service delivery, increased efficiency, and improved accuracy.
b. Access to services: This sub-theme focused on the extent to which e-government initiatives
enhanced access to public services for citizens. The codes identified under this sub-theme were increased
accessibility, reduced waiting times, and enhanced convenience.
c. Cost savings: This sub-theme examined the potential cost savings resulting from the implementation
of e-government initiatives. The codes identified under this sub-theme were reduced costs, increased efficiency,
and reduced bureaucracy.
2. Citizen engagement and participation
This theme focused on the role of citizen engagement and participation in the success of e-government
initiatives. The sub-themes identified were:
a. User satisfaction: This sub-theme examined the impact of e-government initiatives on user
satisfaction with public services. The codes identified under this sub-theme were increased satisfaction,
improved feedback mechanisms, and increased engagement.
b. Citizen participation: This sub-theme focused on the extent to which citizens were involved in the
design, implementation, and evaluation of e-government initiatives. The codes identified under this sub-theme
were increased participation, improved communication, and enhanced transparency.
3. Trust and perceived benefits
This theme focused on the impact of e-government initiatives on citizens' trust in government and their
perceived benefits from these initiatives. The sub-themes identified were:
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a. Trust in government: This sub-theme examined the impact of e-government initiatives on citizens'
trust in government. The codes identified under this sub-theme were increased trust, enhanced legitimacy, and
improved accountability.
b. Perceived benefits: This sub-theme focused on citizens' perceptions of the benefits of e-government
initiatives. The codes identified under this sub-theme were increased convenience, improved access to
information, and enhanced transparency.
4. Implementation and sustainability
This theme focused on the challenges associated with the implementation and sustainability of e-
government initiatives. The sub-themes identified were:
a. Governance and policy: This sub-theme examined the role of governance and policy in the success
of e-government initiatives. The codes identified under this sub-theme were improved policy frameworks,
enhanced coordination, and strengthened leadership.
b. Technical and infrastructural challenges: This sub-theme focused on the technical and infrastructural
challenges associated with the implementation of e-government initiatives. The codes identified under this sub-
theme were improved infrastructure, enhanced technical expertise, and better connectivity.
c. Capacity building: This sub-theme examined the role of capacity building in the success of e-
government initiatives. The codes identified under this sub-theme were improved human resource capacity,
enhanced training, and better knowledge management.
The thematic analysis of the 42 empirical studies revealed several key findings related to the
effectiveness of e-government initiatives in improving public service delivery.First, e-government initiatives
have a positive impact on public service delivery outcomes, including improved efficiency, effectiveness,
accessibility, and quality of services. This is supported by a large body of research that has demonstrated the
positive impact of e-government initiatives on various dimensions of public service delivery. For instance, a
study by Alshehri and Drew (2010) found that the adoption of e-government initiatives in Saudi Arabia led to
significant improvements in the efficiency and effectiveness of public services, particularly in terms of reducing
waiting times, streamlining administrative procedures, and increasing service accessibility.Similarly, a study by
Gil-Garcia and Pardo (2005) in the context of the United States found that e-government initiatives had a
positive impact on the quality of public services, particularly in terms of improving responsiveness,
transparency, and accountability. The authors argued that e-government initiatives facilitated greater citizen
engagement and participation in the policy-making process, which in turn enhanced the quality of public
services.
Second, e-government initiatives can enhance citizen engagement and participation in public service
delivery. This is because e-government initiatives provide citizens with greater access to information, services,
and decision-making processes, which can empower them to participate more actively in the policy-making
process. A study by Jaeger et al. (2012) found that e-government initiatives in the United States led to increased
citizen engagement and participation, particularly among historically marginalized groups. The authors argued
that e-government initiatives had the potential to enhance democratic governance by increasing the inclusivity
and responsiveness of public services.
Third, e-government initiatives can contribute to greater transparency and accountability in public
service delivery. This is because e-government initiatives enable greater access to information and data, which
can facilitate greater transparency and accountability in decision-making processes. For instance, a study by
Alawadhi and Morris (2008) in the context of Bahrain found that e-government initiatives had a positive impact
on transparency and accountability in public service delivery, particularly in terms of reducing corruption and
improving the accuracy of data.
The findings suggest that e-government initiatives can play an important role in improving public
service delivery outcomes, enhancing citizen engagement and participation, and promoting greater transparency
and accountability in governance. However, the success of e-government initiatives depends on a range of
factors, including effective leadership, stakeholder engagement, and adequate resources and infrastructure.
Therefore, it is important for policymakers and practitioners to carefully consider these factors in the design,
implementation, and evaluation of e-government initiatives.
This review found that e-government initiatives have the potential to improve public service delivery in
various ways. E-government initiatives can enhance access to services by providing online portals and mobile
apps that enable citizens to access services anytime, anywhere. E-government initiatives can also improve
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service quality by enabling faster and more accurate processing of service requests and complaints, providing
personalized and proactive services, and facilitating feedback and evaluation mechanisms. Moreover, e-
government initiatives can promote citizen engagement and participation in governance by providing platforms
for communication, collaboration, and co-creation of public services.
However, it also revealed several challenges and barriers to the implementation of e-government
initiatives. These include lack of infrastructure and resources, digital divide and accessibility issues, data privacy
and security concerns, legal and regulatory frameworks, cultural and organizational factors, and citizen
resistance and skepticism. Moreover, the literature review identified several gaps in the existing literature, such
as the need for more comparative and longitudinal studies, the need for more interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral
approaches, and the need for more attention to the ethical and social implications of e-government initiatives.
This study suggests that e-government initiatives can have a significant impact on public service
delivery, by enhancing access, quality, and citizen engagement. However, the success of e-government
initiatives depends on several factors, such as adequate infrastructure and resources, effective governance and
leadership, stakeholder involvement and collaboration, and user-centered design and evaluation. E-government
initiatives also need to address the challenges and barriers that may hinder their adoption and effectiveness, such
as digital divide, data privacy and security, legal and regulatory frameworks, and citizen trust and
participation.Moreover, it highlights the need for more research on the ethical and social implications of e-
government initiatives, such as privacy, security, accountability, transparency, and equity. E-government
initiatives can generate vast amounts of data and information about citizens and their interactions with
government, raising concerns about data protection and privacy rights. E-government initiatives can also affect
the power dynamics and social relations between citizens and government, raising questions about
accountability, transparency, and participation. Therefore, e-government initiatives need to be guided by ethical
and social principles that ensure the protection and empowerment of citizens.
This literature review provides insights into the current state of knowledge on e-government initiatives
and their impact on public service delivery. The review highlights the potential of e-government initiatives to
transform public services and enhance citizen engagement and participation in governance. However, the review
also points to the challenges and barriers that need to be addressed to realize the full potential of e-government
initiatives. The review calls for more research that adopts interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral approaches, and
that attends to the ethical and social implications of e-government initiatives.
IV. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This literature review provides insights into the effectiveness of e-government initiatives in improving
public service delivery. The review highlights the potential benefits of e-government initiatives, including
improved accessibility, cost savings, reduced processing time, and increased transparency and accountability.
However, the review also identifies several key factors that influence the success of e-government initiatives,
including the level of technological infrastructure and access to digital devices, the quality and relevance of the
information provided, the user-friendliness of the system, and the level of citizen engagement and participation.
The findings of this review have implications for policymakers and practitioners, and highlight the need for
ongoing monitoring and evaluation to ensure the continued effectiveness of e-government initiatives. Future
research should focus on addressing the gaps in the existing literature, such as the impact of e-government
initiatives on marginalized and vulnerable populations, and the role of e-government initiatives in promoting
social inclusion and reducing inequality.
Based on the findings of this literature review, several recommendations can be made to improve the
effectiveness of e-government initiatives in improving public service delivery:
1. Build a robust technological infrastructure: Governments should invest in building a strong
technological infrastructure to support e-government initiatives. This includes providing access to high-
speed internet, digital devices, and other necessary tools and resources.
2. Ensure user-friendliness and accessibility: E-government initiatives should be designed with the needs
of users in mind, and should be user-friendly, accessible, and easy to use. This can be achieved through
extensive testing and user feedback.
3. Provide high-quality and relevant information: E-government initiatives should provide citizens with
high-quality and relevant information, and should be designed to meet the specific needs of different
user groups.
4. Encourage citizen engagement and participation: Governments should encourage citizen engagement
and participation in the design, implementation, and evaluation of e-government initiatives. This can
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help to ensure that e-government initiatives are responsive to the needs of citizens and are designed to
meet their specific needs.
5. Develop clear policies and guidelines: Governments should develop clear policies and guidelines for
the design, implementation, and evaluation of e-government initiatives. This can help to ensure that e-
government initiatives are aligned with broader policy goals and are implemented in a consistent and
coordinated manner.
6. Provide ongoing monitoring and evaluation: Governments should establish ongoing monitoring and
evaluation mechanisms to ensure the continued effectiveness of e-government initiatives. This can help
to identify areas for improvement and ensure that e-government initiatives remain relevant and up-to-
date.
In summary, e-government initiatives have the potential to improve public service delivery by
enhancing accessibility, reducing costs, increasing transparency and accountability, and improving the overall
quality and efficiency of public services. However, the success of e-government initiatives is contingent upon
several key factors, including the level of technological infrastructure, the quality and relevance of information
provided, user-friendliness and accessibility, citizen engagement and participation, and ongoing monitoring and
evaluation. By taking these factors into account and implementing the recommendations outlined above,
governments can improve the effectiveness of e-government initiatives and enhance public service delivery.
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