The concept of white-collar crime
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The document discusses the ongoing debate around defining white-collar crime. There is no universally agreed upon definition as criminologists heavily debate the defining features and characteristics. White-collar crime is conceptually different than other types of crimes as it is a sociological construct rather than an official legal category. Depending on which definition is used, conclusions about white-collar offending and who is identified as an offender are affected. The document reviews different perspectives on defining white-collar crime and the limitations of available data.
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The concept of white-collar crime
The document discusses the debate around defining white-collar crime. There is no consensus definition as it is conceptually different from other crimes. Some scholars argue the definition should focus on the characteristics of the offender, like their high social status, while others maintain the characteristics of the offenses are more useful. Depending on the definition used, different conclusions can be drawn about white-collar offending. The document reviews offender-based and offense-based perspectives on defining white-collar crime and their limitations.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
This document discusses different perspectives on defining white-collar crime. It outlines Edwin Sutherland's definition, which focuses on the high social status of the criminal. However, this approach cannot examine how social status influences crime. More recent approaches define white-collar crime based on the characteristics of the criminal act, not the criminal. This crime-based perspective allows researchers to study how social status relates to different types of white-collar crimes. The document also briefly mentions that younger prisoners are more likely to engage in rule-breaking and conflicts in prison compared to older prisoners.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
The document discusses white collar crime and perspectives on defining it. It explores both offender-based definitions, proposed by Edwin Sutherland which define white collar crime based on the high social status of the offender, and offense-based definitions which focus on the illegal nature of the act independent of the offender's status. The document also reviews literature on factors influencing prison adaptation, finding that younger age, minority race, male gender, lower socioeconomic status, mental illness, and greater criminal history are associated with more maladaptive behaviors. The objectives of the study are to examine white collar crimes, their impact, types, effects on economies, and reforms to penalty laws.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
The document summarizes research on white-collar crime. It discusses debates around defining white-collar crime, with some arguing definitions should focus on the characteristics of criminals and others saying the focus should be on crime characteristics. The document also reviews literature on criminal-based and crime-based approaches to defining and studying white-collar crime. A crime-based definition sees it as illegal acts committed through deception to obtain money, avoid losses, or gain advantages. Crime-based approaches are now more popular among scholars as they allow variables like social status to be examined as predictors.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
This document provides an overview of a research proposal on white-collar crime. It discusses definitions of white-collar crime, types of white-collar crimes, and theoretical frameworks for studying white-collar crime, including criminal-based and crime-based viewpoints. It also outlines objectives, research questions, and methodology for the proposed study, which will examine differences in jail adjustment between white-collar criminals and other criminals based on factors like age, socioeconomic status, criminal history, race, gender, and mental illness. The study aims to test two hypotheses: 1) that white-collar criminals will fare worse in jail than other criminals, or 2) that white-collar criminals will fare better in jail than other criminals.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
This document provides an overview of a research proposal on white-collar crime submitted by Rebekah Samuel. The proposal discusses white-collar crime theory and definitions. It notes debates around defining white-collar crime based on the offender's characteristics versus the crime's characteristics. The objectives are to study white-collar crime concepts and impacts, analyze types of these crimes, and suggest legal reforms. Literature review discusses definitions from Edwin Sutherland and others, types of white-collar crimes, and challenges in studying this area.
A Review Of The Offender Profiling Literature
This document provides a review of the literature on offender profiling. It discusses how offender typologies have historically been used in profiling but lack empirical validity. Typologies assume stable categories of offender traits and behaviors but researchers find offenders often exhibit a mix. The organized vs. disorganized dichotomy is an oversimplification. Additionally, typologies are based on crime scene evidence that is often ambiguous and anecdotal. Geographical profiling, which examines crime location patterns, has more empirical support. The review concludes typologies create narratives that sometimes fit qualitatively but often rely on unfounded assumptions.
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The concept of white-collar crime
The document discusses the debate around defining white-collar crime. There is no consensus definition as it is conceptually different from other crimes. Some scholars argue the definition should focus on the characteristics of the offender, like their high social status, while others maintain the characteristics of the offenses are more useful. Depending on the definition used, different conclusions can be drawn about white-collar offending. The document reviews offender-based and offense-based perspectives on defining white-collar crime and their limitations.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
This document discusses different perspectives on defining white-collar crime. It outlines Edwin Sutherland's definition, which focuses on the high social status of the criminal. However, this approach cannot examine how social status influences crime. More recent approaches define white-collar crime based on the characteristics of the criminal act, not the criminal. This crime-based perspective allows researchers to study how social status relates to different types of white-collar crimes. The document also briefly mentions that younger prisoners are more likely to engage in rule-breaking and conflicts in prison compared to older prisoners.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
The document discusses white collar crime and perspectives on defining it. It explores both offender-based definitions, proposed by Edwin Sutherland which define white collar crime based on the high social status of the offender, and offense-based definitions which focus on the illegal nature of the act independent of the offender's status. The document also reviews literature on factors influencing prison adaptation, finding that younger age, minority race, male gender, lower socioeconomic status, mental illness, and greater criminal history are associated with more maladaptive behaviors. The objectives of the study are to examine white collar crimes, their impact, types, effects on economies, and reforms to penalty laws.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
The document summarizes research on white-collar crime. It discusses debates around defining white-collar crime, with some arguing definitions should focus on the characteristics of criminals and others saying the focus should be on crime characteristics. The document also reviews literature on criminal-based and crime-based approaches to defining and studying white-collar crime. A crime-based definition sees it as illegal acts committed through deception to obtain money, avoid losses, or gain advantages. Crime-based approaches are now more popular among scholars as they allow variables like social status to be examined as predictors.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
This document provides an overview of a research proposal on white-collar crime. It discusses definitions of white-collar crime, types of white-collar crimes, and theoretical frameworks for studying white-collar crime, including criminal-based and crime-based viewpoints. It also outlines objectives, research questions, and methodology for the proposed study, which will examine differences in jail adjustment between white-collar criminals and other criminals based on factors like age, socioeconomic status, criminal history, race, gender, and mental illness. The study aims to test two hypotheses: 1) that white-collar criminals will fare worse in jail than other criminals, or 2) that white-collar criminals will fare better in jail than other criminals.
Proposal Report of white-collar crime
This document provides an overview of a research proposal on white-collar crime submitted by Rebekah Samuel. The proposal discusses white-collar crime theory and definitions. It notes debates around defining white-collar crime based on the offender's characteristics versus the crime's characteristics. The objectives are to study white-collar crime concepts and impacts, analyze types of these crimes, and suggest legal reforms. Literature review discusses definitions from Edwin Sutherland and others, types of white-collar crimes, and challenges in studying this area.
A Review Of The Offender Profiling Literature
This document provides a review of the literature on offender profiling. It discusses how offender typologies have historically been used in profiling but lack empirical validity. Typologies assume stable categories of offender traits and behaviors but researchers find offenders often exhibit a mix. The organized vs. disorganized dichotomy is an oversimplification. Additionally, typologies are based on crime scene evidence that is often ambiguous and anecdotal. Geographical profiling, which examines crime location patterns, has more empirical support. The review concludes typologies create narratives that sometimes fit qualitatively but often rely on unfounded assumptions.
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1. Differential association theory asserts that criminal behavior is learned through interaction with others who engage in criminal behavior or have definitions favorable to crime.
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DABCIP, DABLEE
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term investigative processes will be used to de-
scribe both criminal investigation and crime
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will be designated as such. Although crime scene
processing is part of criminal investigation, it is
distinct; crime scene processing requires rigorous
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(Criminology Today, 1995-2002a, 1995-2002b;
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vestigative techniques, such as undercover op-
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of Investigation. White-collar crime is often
related to corporate crime, such as the Enron
and WorldCom scandals; however, it is also as-
sociated with health care, telemarketing, bank
and securities, contract, and residential mov-
ing. Organized crime is usually associated with
centrally controlled organized criminal organi-
zations, such as Italian, Italian-American, and
Colombian criminal groups; however, lesser
known decentralized criminal organizations
are making inroads. For example, Russian and
Israeli criminal groups are threatening to take
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were once the exclusive realm of the centralized
organized criminal groups.
The views
expressed in
this article do
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represent the
views of the FBI.
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3) Prisons normalize hierarchies and notions of masculinity through the threat of sexual violence and rape. Victimization structures prisoner interactions and reinforces heterosexual norms. Racial dynamics also influence targeting in prison assaults.
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The document discusses how labelling theory has influenced criminal justice policy, particularly regarding young offenders. It recognizes the potentially harmful effects of the legal process from court through custody. As a result of labelling theory, diversion is now the policy for all but the most serious persistent youth offenders. The criminal justice system now targets those seen as 'at risk of offending' and aims to implement cautioning and community sentences when possible. However, recent increases in crime statistics question the current validity of labelling theory.
Running head WHITE COLLAR CRIMES .docx
Running head: WHITE COLLAR CRIMES 1
WHITE COLLAR CRIMES 6
White Collar Crimes
Tiara Miller
Dr. Clinton Miller
CRJ 105
Spring Quarter
July 8, 2015
White Collar Crimes
Criminal activities range from bloody violent crimes to crimes that do not present any physical threat or injury to the society. White collar crime is the topic in the heart of my research. White collar crimes can be defined as those crimes that result to financial gain through the use of deceit and persuasion. This type of an offense is very brutal and one offender could affect thousands and millions of people unlike violent crimes. Such crimes are committed by people with access to large amounts of money at their disposal and normally those that commit such crimes are people that one may not suspect, the men in suits and that is why people always fall prey to such fraudsters (Friedrichs, 2009). This research will focus on this topic pointing out why it is of interest, it further focuses on why white collar crime is becoming difficult to eradicate as the research outcomes. A reaction to this is on how best we can eradicate white collar crimes.
The research question is why white collar crime is becoming a challenge to control. The hypothesis in the topic is that white collar crimes gaining popularity and there will be such incidences in the future if something is not done. In addressing the topic, the research shall focus on literature on white collar crimes which will contribute to an in depth knowledge about white collar crimes.
There are so many scams of white collar crimes which range from intellectual property theft, insurance theft, identity fraud, business frauds and even frauds involving government officials. Several factors have contributed to the fact that these crimes have always existed despite efforts to track and hunt down the culprits. Finding out why these crimes have always happened despite their devastating effects like costing investors, wiping out savings and leaving families bankrupt as well destroying multibillion companies is the basis of my research.
To begin with, due to the nature of the crimes where blood may not be shed at all, unlike other crimes like murder, or drug abuse, burglary and gangster crimes, the society has ended up treating fraudsters with a lot of respect. To some extent, the society has even blamed victims for their loses arguing that it was their fate. Such perceptions have affected the way the law enforcement has ended up dealing with such cases making such cases fail to get the attention they should deserve yet they affect millions of people unlike other offenses (Braithwaite, 1982) .
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will be designated as such. Although crime scene
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scientific methodologies (i.e., collection proce-
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the investigator rather than rigid scientific pro-
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drug trafficking, organized crime, high tech-
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vestigative techniques, such as undercover op-
erations and the use of the Enterprise Theory
of Investigation. White-collar crime is often
related to corporate crime, such as the Enron
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sociated with health care, telemarketing, bank
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ing. Organized crime is usually associated with
centrally controlled organized criminal organi-
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known decentralized criminal organizations
are making inroads. For example, Russian and
Israeli criminal groups are threatening to take
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ing, and many extortion-related schemes, which
were once the exclusive realm of the centralized
organized criminal groups.
The views
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this article do
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views of the FBI.
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The document discusses how labelling theory has influenced criminal justice policy, particularly regarding young offenders. It recognizes the potentially harmful effects of the legal process from court through custody. As a result of labelling theory, diversion is now the policy for all but the most serious persistent youth offenders. The criminal justice system now targets those seen as 'at risk of offending' and aims to implement cautioning and community sentences when possible. However, recent increases in crime statistics question the current validity of labelling theory.
Running head WHITE COLLAR CRIMES .docx
Running head: WHITE COLLAR CRIMES 1
WHITE COLLAR CRIMES 6
White Collar Crimes
Tiara Miller
Dr. Clinton Miller
CRJ 105
Spring Quarter
July 8, 2015
White Collar Crimes
Criminal activities range from bloody violent crimes to crimes that do not present any physical threat or injury to the society. White collar crime is the topic in the heart of my research. White collar crimes can be defined as those crimes that result to financial gain through the use of deceit and persuasion. This type of an offense is very brutal and one offender could affect thousands and millions of people unlike violent crimes. Such crimes are committed by people with access to large amounts of money at their disposal and normally those that commit such crimes are people that one may not suspect, the men in suits and that is why people always fall prey to such fraudsters (Friedrichs, 2009). This research will focus on this topic pointing out why it is of interest, it further focuses on why white collar crime is becoming difficult to eradicate as the research outcomes. A reaction to this is on how best we can eradicate white collar crimes.
The research question is why white collar crime is becoming a challenge to control. The hypothesis in the topic is that white collar crimes gaining popularity and there will be such incidences in the future if something is not done. In addressing the topic, the research shall focus on literature on white collar crimes which will contribute to an in depth knowledge about white collar crimes.
There are so many scams of white collar crimes which range from intellectual property theft, insurance theft, identity fraud, business frauds and even frauds involving government officials. Several factors have contributed to the fact that these crimes have always existed despite efforts to track and hunt down the culprits. Finding out why these crimes have always happened despite their devastating effects like costing investors, wiping out savings and leaving families bankrupt as well destroying multibillion companies is the basis of my research.
To begin with, due to the nature of the crimes where blood may not be shed at all, unlike other crimes like murder, or drug abuse, burglary and gangster crimes, the society has ended up treating fraudsters with a lot of respect. To some extent, the society has even blamed victims for their loses arguing that it was their fate. Such perceptions have affected the way the law enforcement has ended up dealing with such cases making such cases fail to get the attention they should deserve yet they affect millions of people unlike other offenses (Braithwaite, 1982) .
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Hyper Loop And Engro Coal Power ( National And International Projects Final R...
This document provides an overview of two projects - the International Hyper Loop Project and the National Engro Coal Power Project. For the Hyper Loop Project, it discusses the objectives, need and importance of reducing travel times, and provides details on key milestones, routes being considered worldwide, and companies involved in developing the technology. It also includes the project charter outlining goals and deliverables. For the Engro Coal Power Project, it briefly introduces the objectives and need for the project in Thar and notes the scope will involve working phases, constructions and a public private partnership, but provides few other details.
Hyper Loop And Engro Coal Power ( National And International Projects Final R...
This document provides information about two projects - an international hyper loop project and a national Engro coal power project in Pakistan. For the hyper loop project, it discusses the background and objectives of hyper loop technology, how it works by reducing friction through near-vacuum tubes and magnetic levitation, and some of the companies developing it including Hyperloop One and Hyperloop Transportation Technologies. It also outlines some proposed routes under consideration. For the Engro coal power project, it introduces the project and outlines its objectives and importance for providing power in Thar.
Hyper Loop And Engro Coal Power ( National And International Projects Final R...
This document provides information about two projects - an international hyper loop project and a national Engro coal power project in Pakistan. For the hyper loop project, it discusses the background and objectives of hyper loop technology, how it works by reducing friction through near-vacuum tubes and magnetic levitation, and some of the companies developing it including Hyperloop One and Hyperloop Transportation Technologies. It also outlines some proposed routes under consideration. For the Engro coal power project, it introduces the project and outlines its objectives and importance for providing power in Thar.
Taipei 101
TAIPEI-101 is a 101-story landmark skyscraper in Taipei, Taiwan. Construction began in 1999 and finished in 2004, making it the world's tallest building at that time. Some key features include its height of 509.2 meters, its status as the tallest and largest green building in the world, and its ability to withstand typhoons and earthquakes through its design. It has served as an iconic symbol of modern Taiwan since its opening.
Engro Coal Power Project
The document discusses Engro Powergen Thar's power project in Pakistan which utilizes indigenous lignite coal from Tharparkar district. The key objectives are to generate electricity from domestic coal reserves to reduce reliance on imports and address Pakistan's energy shortage. It provides background on Thar's large coal reserves. It outlines the project scope which includes a coal mine, power plant and transmission lines. It identifies stakeholders and discusses risks around construction delays, imported coal prices, security issues and payment defaults.
Hyper loop
This document provides an overview of hyperloop technology and projects. It describes hyperloop as a proposed mode of transportation involving pods that travel inside low-pressure tubes at aircraft-like speeds. Two main companies, Hyperloop One and Hyperloop Transportation Technologies, are working to develop the technology and have proposed routes throughout the world. Key aspects of hyperloop systems discussed include how they work by reducing friction through evacuation of tubes and magnetic levitation, engineering milestones in development, and the goals of ensuring safety, minimizing costs and environmental impacts compared to traditional transportation methods.
Hyperloop
This document provides an overview and background of hyperloop technology. Hyperloop involves levitating pods inside low-pressure tubes that could enable aircraft speeds at ground level. It is described as a potential revolution in transport that could transform perceptions of distance. The document discusses the concept as outlined by Elon Musk, and evaluates the commercial potential, environmental impact, costs, safety issues, and regulatory hurdles of hyperloop. It provides details on the companies developing hyperloop systems, including Virgin Hyperloop One and Hyperloop Transportation Technologies, and potential routes being considered.
Hyperloop
Hyper loop offers a potential revolution in transport by enabling aircraft speeds at ground level in a point-to-point transport system. It refers to Elon Musk's concept of passenger or freight vehicles operating inside low-pressure tubes, which could enable very high speeds of up to 760 mph. Several companies are working to develop and build hyper loop systems, with the goals of creating a safer, faster, cheaper, and more sustainable alternative to high-speed rail and other modes of transport over medium distances. The first hyper loop routes may begin operations in the early 2020s.
Hyperloop
Hyperloop offers a potential new mode of high-speed transport that could revolutionize how we perceive distance. It involves levitation pods traveling inside low-pressure tubes at aircraft speeds. Proponents claim it could be faster, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly than other transport modes. This report evaluates Hyperloop's commercial potential, costs, safety, and regulatory issues to assess its feasibility. It consulted with developers and experts to investigate technical requirements and challenges, and how the UK supply chain could support Hyperloop development.
Hyperloop
The document discusses the concept of hyperloop high-speed transportation. Hyperloop involves passenger or freight vehicles operating inside low-pressure tubes, which could enable aircraft-level speeds on the ground. Proponents claim hyperloop could be faster than high-speed rail, direct like air travel, environmentally friendly, and cheaper than high-speed rail. The document provides background on the history of concepts like hyperloop dating back to the late 17th century, and discusses Elon Musk's more recent proposal. It outlines objectives like safety, speed, cost, and sustainability, and explains the need for alternatives to conventional transportation methods.
Elasticity of demand
Elasticity of demand refers to the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in price or other factors like income. This document was submitted by Sami Ul Haq, Haider Murtaza, Waseem Qurashi, Qismat Shah and Muhammad junaid to their professor Madam Maryam Ashraf on the topic of elasticity of demand. The authors thank the professor for reviewing their submission.
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Cost and Management Accounting _____Topic Activity-based costing
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Hyper Loop And Engro Coal Power ( National And International Projects Final R...
Hyper Loop And Engro Coal Power ( National And International Projects Final R...
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