The Checklist Manifesto Chapter 2 Summary

The Checklist Manifesto Chapter 2 Summary
In Chapter 2 of "The Checklist Manifesto," Atul Gawande introduces the concept of checklists. He
started the chapter by giving a history about one of the first times checklists were used. He talked
about the B–17 airplane that exploded while an expert pilot was testing it. The explosion was due to
pilot error as it was reported. Even for an expert, it was very complicated to remember how to take
off with such a sophisticated, but a complicated airplane. After that, a pilot's checklist was created to
make the B–17 flyable and it worked. The pilot checklist helped to remember every small and
complex detail that airplane had. Gawande also mentioned nurse's charts which kind of checklist. In
the past nurses had to create a checklist for themselves ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Markus Thalmann, the cardiac surgeon who saved the little girl from death by drowning in icy
water, said that she was not the first hypothermia and suffocation case. However, she was the first
one to survive. In her complicated rescue they tried to follow a checklist that stats that in such a
case, a rescue team was required to tell the hospital to prepare for possible cardiac bypass and
rewarming. So, what was so effective about this approach is that by the time the patient gets to the
hospital, everything is ready and standing by. These kinds of cases are time sensitive. In such
complicated cases, success requires having a huge number of equipment and people at the ready. So,
even small simple checklist could help in complicated rescues and even bring people to life
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Gabriel Rains: Father Of Modern Mine Warfare
Father of Modern Mine Warfare Brutal bomb brothers. This is what the Union thought of General
Gabriel Rains and his brother George Rains. One might assume they were close because they were
brothers, but they pretty much hated each other, as there was much rivalry and competition between
the two. Gabriel was fourteen when George was born, so he considered George a little baby. Even
though Gabriel thought this way, he needed George, because George supplied the Confederacy with
gun powder. Gabriel needed this to make landmines, hand grenades, and his infamous keg torpedo.
His explosive reputation began in Williamsburg. During the Battle of Williamsburg in the Civil War,
the General leading Commander Rains' battalion realized he was losing the battle. He ordered a
retreat. He told Rains and a couple of men to cover the retreat. Rains' men found some ammunition
and powder. When Rains buried these, he fashioned fuses for them, thus ... Show more content on
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Not everyone thought his way; however, Rains told them that every new weapon is considered
barbarous until it is recognized as a need. Rains's inventions are still needed today. As a soldier,
Rains invented the land mine, which is still in the news today. The United States refused to sign a
treaty banning them because we needed it in South Korea. Rains improved hand grenades, which
have become an important part of combat gear. Surprisingly, 15 out of 19 of the United States' ships
sunken since World War Two were caused by water mines much like Rains' keg torpedo. After the
Civil War was over, Rains went to Augusta and became a chemist. Later, he got a patent for a safety
valve. He also suggested a class on mine warfare at West Point. Many countries came and asked
Rains to teach them about torpedoes. General Gabriel Rains died August 6, 1881, and he could be
called the "Father of Modern Mine

The Battle of Okinawa
BATTLE
The Battle of Okinawa was pretty brutal in itself. Soldiers were dying back and forth; it was "the
most ghastly corner of hell..." Japanese soldiers' tactics were very hostile and had no mercy. The
battle took place at one of Japan's islands, Okinawa. On the ground, it lasted 81 days beginning on
April 1, 1945. The 77th Infantry division was the first division of Americans to land on the Kerama
Islands(tiny islands on the west of Okinawa island). The Naval battle was a gruesome one, also.
Kamikazes sunk many US aircraft carriers and killed many soldiers. "We watched each plunging
kamikaze...we groped hopelessly for the thoughts of that other man up there."(Vice Admiral C.R.
Brown, U.S. Navy)
WEAPONS/TECHNOLOGY
The Battle of Okinawa was "...one of the bloodiest battles of the Second World War..." Various
technology and tactics were used during the grueling war, from planes to naval fleets, guns to huge
bombs. Various divisions "...were supported by naval artillery and carrier–based aircraft."
(http://historywarsweapons.com/battle–of–okinawa/) A couple planes, for example. Both the SB2C
Helldivers and F4U Corsairs fighter planes were used in battle. The SB2C Helldiver is a bombing
aircraft. Because it was difficult to handle at low speeds, it was replaced by the SBD Dauntless. The
F4U Corsair saw action in the Korean War as a carrier–based fighter aircraft. Some weapons that the
Japanese used were some light tanks and semi automatic rifles.(on the ground battle).

The History of Submarines Essay
The History of Submarines
Wouldn't it be fun to ride a torpedo, or drive a nuclear reactor around underwater? In this research
paper I am going to illustrate the ingenius submarine. The submarine is one of the most important
strategic and tactical weapons systems of the 20th Century, and this importance will increase in the
21st Century. The tiny, leaking, creaking, and unsafe submarine boats of the 1890's, displacing under
two hundred tons and carrying a handful of men and a few torpedoes have grown into massive,
sophisticated and deadly weapons systems.
These displacing as much as 26,000 tons, carrying a crew of over a hundred and armed with missiles
which can destroy large areas of the world. Every day hundreds of submarines are ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The sail stands about 20 feet high. It holds the periscopes and the radar and radio antennas. The top
of the sail also serves as the bridge, from which the captain directs the submarine when on surface.
Steel fins called diving planes stick out from both sides of the sail or bow and from the stern.
These diving planes guide the ship to different depths. One or two propellers in the stern drive the
submarine, also rudders above and below the propellers steer the craft. The earliest inventors had no
other way but manpower to propel their submarines. Initially, this involved oars, then came
propellers turned by hand, either by a single person, as in David Bushnell's Turtle². Or by several
people turning a crank, as in a Confederate Hunley and the German Brandtaucher (meaning
"Incendiary Diver") in the mid–19th Century compressed–air was used as were electrical
accumulators, both were of limited endurance and required the submarine to return to the port to
recharge, which was tactically unacceptable. There were also a number of attempts to harness steam,
not only for surface propulsion, but also to provide power when submerged, using stored energy
devises, but none worked satisfactorily.Eventually it was realized that the solution was to combine
the efficiency of the batteries for underwater propulsion and some form of power which could be
used on the surface, both to propel the submarine and recharge its batteries.
Steam was used tried several

Submarines: Breathing Underwater Essay examples
Leap 1: Breathing Underwater
Submarines are unique breed. Invisible to all her enemies she's prime to unleash her awesome
apocalypse been enhanced. The journey began in 1776, the world's first more summery hola wooden
spear with a limited supply of air. At the height of American war for independence the Americans
find themselves at a severe disadvantage there warships were of no match to British navy. They
hatch a plan that relies on guile rather than brute force. The scheme requires a new kind of vessel
one that allows a man to carry a bomb underwater. Man and bomb must remain hidden until they
reach the British battleship. Once there the man has to plant the bomb and escape and he must do it
all without coming out of water for air. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As to overcome its weakness engineers has to build a much bigger submarine and find a way for
controlling it. The 13 m long HL hunley. To overcome the weaknesses in turtle the engineers built an
underwater bomb called a spar torpedo. A barrel of gun powder that sits on a spiked hold in the front
of the submarine. This bomb pack a punch but guiding . they used the fin technology fir greater
maneuverability where the captain can control the fin by moving up or down it was the first
submarine to sink a ship. Back in 1864, fins gave the hunly great maneuverability but she still needs
to ram her target to deliver her payload this puts her at considerable risk. It took a span of 8 years to
perfect the art of striking from a distance, so the engineers cam with one of the most notorious
Predator of World war 2. U66 U–boat 77 m
Leap 3 Torpedo;
In world war two, Hitler's submarines needed a way to attack allied shipping from a distance, a
weapon already existed that fits the bill torpedo that propels itself but this torpedo had a fatal flaw of
making bubbles in water so solution came up with a big missile with electric motor to power itself
but torpedo needs to be seven meters long and to carry these submarine had to be massive and to
carry 22 of these result was 77 meter long u66. In 1943 the U 66 was able to attack multiple targets
but its engine soon ran

The Carnage of World War I
The carnage of world war one was the result of the clash between new technologies, but old
strategies. Blitzkrieg warfare would be the first form of modern military tactics for it fully utilizes
the technological advancements of that time. The term "Blitzkrieg" was not invented by the
Germans, but by an English magazine that described the invasion of Poland (Showalter). While
many accredit the invention of Blitzkrieg warfare to Heinz Guderian, Germany's Chief of Mobile
Troops during WWII, it was actually invented far before that. In fact, it was developed right after
WWI after seeing the devastating effects of trench warfare(Showalter). Ironically, the basis of
Blitzkrieg warfare was also laid by German Field Marshall Alfred von Schlieffen of the famous
Schlieffen plan of WWI(Showalter). The basic essence of Blitzkrieg warfare was built upon the
belief that Germany was always going to be out resourced and out numbered in every war and thus
in order to win it, the Germans must strike hard and fast and penetrate deep behind enemy
lines(Showalter). Thus, Blitzkrieg warfare was the most effective military tactic of its time because
it utilized all of the technology of its time, it not only utilized physical warfare, but also
psychological warfare, and because Germany's opponents were not prepared for this kind of
warfare.
One of the main reasons the Germans were so successful with Blitzkrieg warfare was because
Blitzkrieg warfare utilized all of the modern technologies to its

The War Was The U Boat Peril
Alex Lawson
Mr. Helke
History Sec 1
January 6, 2015
Modernity Essay
"The only thing that ever really frightened me during the war was the U–boat peril" – Winston
Churchill. The first submarine used in naval warfare was during the Revolutionary War. The
submarine was mostly unsuccessful in taking down British ships, but showed potential for stealth
attacks from under the sea. The modern submarine did not rise until the start of WWI. Germany
used the submarine during WWI to dominate the Atlantic Ocean and destroy enemy cargo, troops,
and warships. The German submarine was called the Unterseeboote, or U–Boat for short, and
throughout the war proved to be extremely dangerous. The U–Boats blockaded the United Kingdom
and was a huge threat to merchant ships and other warships. The arrival of the submarine created
new complexity to warfare shifting from surface warfare (on sea and on land) to multilayered
warfare (submarine and aircraft). As submarines became more sophisticated, they forced existing
navies to reconsider their strategies both in relation to merchant and battleships and forced
innovation on both sides. During the American Revolutionary War, the Americans developed the
first submersible in naval warfare. The American military wanted a way to attach a time bomb. The
American inventor, David Bushnell, was a student at Yale University where he started building
underwater mines. He decided that the best way to deliver mines undetected was by transferring
them using a

Rhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address
John Fitzgerald Kennedy, also known as Jack, was an American statesman who served as the 35th
President of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963. John F.
Kennedy is remembered for many things and one of those many things is inaugural address speech.
After being sworn into the office of presidency our 35th President of the United States of America,
John F. Kennedy, gave a much remembered inaugural address speech. On that cold January day as
thousands of people watched across the globe, President Kennedy used a good amount of rhetoric
devices in his speech to draw the audience's attention so they will listen to what points he was trying
to get across. Throughout the speech Kennedy used the rhetoric devices such as diction, syntax,
sentence structure, antithesis, and parallelism.
The Inaugural address, as it starts, Kennedy uses sturdy diction when he speaks about the world. In
paragraph three, "For man holds in his mortal hands the power to eliminate all forms of human
property..." the words are chosen that would best grasp the listeners. The way things are ran, or will
run, Kennedy says that it's left up to the people, yet God has the helping hand.
The speech varies in each word he spoke. Using arrangement of words, speaks of talking about the
main subject yet expanding what should be said. When Kennedy uses syntax, he used short sayings
and lengthen vocabulary. In paragraph six, "any" is used repeatedly which takes the audience

Analysis Of Jfk Inaugural Address
Tarik Nezic
Mrs. Swett
Heroes
9 November 2017
"Presidential Inaugural Address":
A Call to Citizens of the World In his January 1961 "Presidential Inaugural Address," John
Fitzgerald Kennedy, 35th president of the United States, orates on improving the world. Not just the
United States, but motivating everyone to come together and contribute to world harmony. Firm and
sophisticated, President Kennedy highlights numerous pledges to promise the survival and success
of liberty. President Kennedy calls out to all Americans, allies, and the citizens of the world to come
and protect the freedom of man. Engaging the world and welcoming peace for all, President
Kennedy delivers an influential, coherent, and well–spirited speech inspiring the hearts of millions
to come. Undeniably, President Kennedy's address expresses the utmost understanding and
confidence. As a fresh president, Kennedy evidently recognizes people's viewpoints. People not just
from the United States, but from the rest of the world. Kennedy asserts the change for peace by
presenting to every nation that he will follow his duties to achieve success: "Let every nation know,
whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price . . . to assure the survival and the success
of liberty" (2). Kennedy proves his point and vouches to all countries that he will do everything he
can to achieve peace. Furthermore, Kennedy speaks to the United States' oppositions: "to those
nations who would make themselves our

Remote Minehunting System ( Rms ) Of Littoral Combat Ship
This paper examines Remote Minehunting System (RMS) of Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) in detail.
LCS is a fast platform designed for executing operations in near–shore environments. But, it is
capable of conducting open–ocean operation as well. It is designed to defeat asymmetric threats.
Mines, submarines and fast surface craft can be shown as unique examples of asymmetric threats.
The LCS, which is a fast, maneuverable surface ship, provides warfighting capabilities for
tasks/missions including mine warfare, anti–submarine warfare (ASW) and anti–surface warfare
(ASUW). The RMS, which will be deployed on LCS, is a component of the LCS Mine
Countermeasures (MCM) mission package (MP). The mission package is called the Remote
Minehunting System. The system uses the Remote Multimission Vehicle (RMMV). The RMMV
vehicle is produced by Lockheed Martin. It conducts autonomous and/or semi autonomous missions.
It also carries AQS–20A minehunting sonar. The sonar attached to RMMV is specifically designed
for a variable depth forward–looking and side–scanning under sea. Raytheon makes the AQS–20As.
The RMS detects, classifies, and localizes non–buried bottom and moored mines. It also identifies
shallow–water bottom mines.
U.S. Navy plans to keep its ships out of the dangerous minefield with the RMS. Navy focuses on
decreasing core crew for mine warfare while conducting mine–hunting operations as well. Navy
envisions that this concept with RMS on LCS will prove a significant force

Jfk Inaugural Address Speech Analysis
On a day that was filled with sparkling cold snow January 20th, 1961 In Washington D.C President
John F. Kennedy delvers his will know inaugural address speech, to the citizens of both the world
and America at the end of a close and fierce ballot Kennedy persuaded, captivated the people and he
was very successful. Using Pathos, Logos, Ethos and some subtle techniques he effectively
converted millions of people in the USA .by touching their hearts and motivating their minds.
JFK heavily uses pathos, repetition, and changing sentence structures to deliver an effective speech.
John F. Kennedy touches many American hearts in his speech. In the second paragraph he says he
has "sworn before you and Almighty God" (p1). The mentioning of God so early in his speech sets
the tone for the rest of his speech. He ends the speech by mentioning God again, "Gods work most
truly be our own" (p3). Showing America that he is a deeply religious man. Throughout his speech
JFK uses thought provoking words such as freedom, success, and liberty, words that have become
synonymous with the American dream. The constant uses of these words invoke a feeling of
patriotism in most Americans.
JFK uses repetition to demonstrate his points throughout his speech. He constantly reminds the
American people that they are a united and strong country that can make it through anything. He
also mentions that America can solve problems with their enemies using diplomacy several times.
He begins four paragraphs in a row with the same words, "Let both sides", to illustrate that he is
willing to work things out with countries America is having problems with. The use of repetition
helps Kennedy to convey his message to his audience. Long, powerful sentences occasionally to
keep the formality of the speech and to convey important messages to his audience. The
interchanging between the simple, short sentences and the long, eloquent sentences keeps the
audience listening and wondering what he is going to say next. John F. Kennedy effective uses
rhetorical devices to successfully convey his ambitions and hopes for America. His use of pathos,
repetition, and variation of sentences helps him to achieve this goal. John F. Kennedy's speech was
very memorable

The Evacuation of Children From Britain's Major Cities...
The Evacuation of Children From Britain's Major Cities During World War II During the First
World War, the home front in England did not experience the terrible warfare that was happening in
France. The only experience the civilians had was the starvation due to the food shortages they were
facing. There were no bombs dropped on the main cities, particularly because the air technology had
not reached an advanced enough stage. On 1st September 1939, war was declared between Britain
and Germany, for a second time in history. However, this war was to be a lot more dangerous, and
the deaths were not limited to the battlefield. Civilians would be at much greater risk this time;
technology had ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However both of these predictions turned out to be unreliable. The predicted casualties were 10
times the actual numbers of deaths and casualties, and the German army did not strike for 6 months
after the war was declared. Children who lived in large industrial centers and in big cities and towns
were evacuated from those evacuation areas to the reception areas, in the country –side, where the
children would be safe from bombing. Children who lived in neutral areas, where bombing was very
rare or non–existent, did not need to evacuate. However 1.5 million children were evacuated – most
of them in the first weekend before war broke out. As well as children, pregnant women, teachers
and the disabled were also evacuated. The first plans for evacuation were made in 1934, to coincide
with the amount of bomb production that was going on. These evacuees would go to the county to
be "temporally adopted" by volunteers living there. The Government handed out propaganda about
the situation, trying to persuade people to give homes to evacuees. This gives some clues to the
reasoning as to why evacuation took place. It was thought that the children were in some kind of
'danger–zone' where bombs could drop at any stage and minute. The Government was trying to
prepare 'for the crises that may come' The

Super Cavitation Research Paper
What is super cavitation? To understand this question another needs to be asked. This question is
what is cavitation? Cavitation is the forming of small pockets of gas under water. These gas pockets
are formed when an area of low pressure is created at a constant temperature which in turn forms
gas bubbles that then rapidly collapse with immense force and heat. The heat and pressure of the
collapsing cavitation bubbles can reach up to 5,000 degrees Celsius and 1,000 atmospheres or in
other words almost the same amount of pressure as there is at the bottom of the ocean. Cavitation is
a serious problem when looking at underwater machinery that can form and area of low pressure.
This is because if cavitation occurs damage will be done to the machines. When cavitation occurs
the heat and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As was stated above it is caused in several different ways. One is through heat evaporating water
creating a gas pocket. Another is through pure speed and shape. The final is using propellers to form
areas of low pressure to start cavitation and form a super cavity. All of these methods work and there
is no real way to argue which method is the best as there are more ways currently being created but
all of them work it's just a matter of find out how to make them work efficiently. Using heat to
vaporize water could work but only if there is a method to deliver enough heat fast enough and for a
long period of time otherwise it will only work for a short distance. Propellers could work on a
greater scale but they would have to get increasingly larger and more powerful as size went up.
Speed and shape alone could also work but a source of speed such as a rocket is needed and the
source of the speed also must last a long time otherwise the object will only be able to travel short
distances. Only time and more experimentation will create a more efficient form of super cavitation
that is easily created and

Why Was Plane Manufacturing Important In Ww2
"When my brother and I built the first man–carrying flying machine we thought that we were
introducing into the world an invention which would make further wars practically impossible."
Orville Wright, 1917. Sadly this was not the case. Over the span of World War II, because the
technology was so new and could work well, planes were used heavily and mercilessly and because
of this, more than half a million people died or were lost in combat. During the war, airplane
manufacturing was important to both the Axis and Allied powers. Various types of planes were
produced during the war for their different abilities and uses. During the war, plane manufacturing
was important to both the enemies and allies. Most manufacturing plants were a main target for the
enemies, and for the US, on missions. If the US could take out manufacturers it would slow down
the production of enemy planes and give us an advantage. In terms of America's own production
rates, they skyrocketed in only 5 years. In less than 5 years aircraft manufacturing went from 41st
place in America industries to first place, because of the war. Shadow factories were a major idea
that arose, mainly in Britain, to be able to meet the urgent need for airplane parts. These factories
were basically car factories, which helped make airplane parts, and were ... Show more content on
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The first design of the B–17 plane, was equipped with 4 engines, was capable of 200 to 250 mph,
and could fly long distance with a 2,000 pound bomb load. The major changes to the plane after the
first model was produced were to it's armor and new tail designs. Later, with newer versions they
added more armament defenses, and a chin turret under the nose of the plane. The B–17 is mostly
known for its toughness and ability to get through heavy flak and enemy fire, and carry the crew
safely. "The plane can be cut and slashed almost to pieces by enemy fire and bring its crew home."
Wally Hoffman, B–17 Pilot, 8th Air

Arthur Harris's Effect Of Saturation Bombing In The World War
Arthur Harris reliably believed in Douhets theory, he "... believed that bombing may and would by
itself somehow destroy the enemy's morale and his can to continue" . Harris was apparently ignorant
to the $64000 have an effect on of saturation bombing. Harris believed that there can be no real
defense against bombing, "Having got through the bomber are ready to bring such destruction that
the state would merely surrender the struggle and sue for peace" . Saturation bombing did not
impact the morale of the civilians enough to influence their war–waging capability. In March 1944,
the common weekly hours worked by a jobholder within the German business amounted to solely
forty eight.3. This was a rise of over 2 hours from 1938. Harris believed ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Within the 1st few months of 1944, 66.2 thousand plenty of coal and coke were touched by water
daily. By Oct 1945, the daily average had fallen to twenty three.4 thousand tons. This halts the
commercial and railway sectors. They were effectively useless while not coal to heat their boilers.
None of the foremost battles of war II tested the correctness of dourest theory. In reality, the German
business worked tougher for extended because the war progressed. Potency continued to extend till
it reached its crescendo, wherever from there it continued to drop till the conclusion of the war.
The shortage of fuel was a issue to the allied success. The German military were defenseless while
not very important oil provides. The air force was unable to keep up air superiority and therefore the
armies were forced to abandon tanks and alike just because they'd no fuel. The bomber fleet
disabled the train systems, destroying the German marshalling yards.
Initially exactness bombing wasn't a sensible possibility for the Anglo–American bomber fleet. the
event of Gee and hautboys tested to be a turning purpose within the war. in this they radio–
controlled the pilot directly over the appointed target. The Noreen bombsite tested to correct if
enemy fighters can be distracted for long enough to line up the

Failure of the Battle of Britain Campaign Essays
In the summer of 1940, Adolf Hitler began operation "Sea–Lion," or better known as the Battle of
Britain. This was the plot to destroy the British RAF so that a German landing on the beaches of
England and air assault could be possible. Because of the failure of the battle of Britain campaign,
the course of the war was changed in the allies favor, and, Hitler's plan for European domination
was halted. The early stages of the war were dominated by Germany, attacking Europe in quick
succession. The ground forces quickly overwhelmed the European nations with the support of
aircraft. The Luftwaffe quickly gained air superiority. In early May 1940, the Norway Debates
began to question the competence of Britain current Prime Minister, Neville ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
it was a powerful aircraft with a liquid cooled Damlier–Benz DB–601 engine giving it 1,085
horsepower. A 3 bladed VDM variable pitch Propeller gave it an excellent climb speed of 17.5 m/s.
also the aircraft had a low relatively low weight and giving it a high power to weight ratio. At high
altitude the BF–109E could outfly the competition thanks to a 2 stage turbo–supercharger. The
Fighter was also heavily armed. The plane sported two 7.92 synchronized machine guns in firing
through the propellers with 1000 rounds per gun, and 2 MGFF 20–mm cannons firing through the
propeller arch. Each cannon had 60 rounds per gun. Ammunition was limited with the cannons, but
one well–placed burst could critically damage or destroy a fighter. Because of their strengths, the
BF–109 was used as fighter hunter and interceptor. The Germans also used heavy fighters to escort
the bombers and dive bombers. The BF–110 was a dual–engine, heavy fighter with heavy firepower.
The BF–110 has two DB–605 engines, each with 1,185 horsepower. These aircraft had a climb
speed of 10.5 m/s, which was slow, but, impressive for an aircraft its size the aircraft had a large
airframe, and heavier weight, making it a slower less maneuverable aircraft.so, what the BF–110
lack in agility, it made up in firepower. This aircraft had 4, 7.92 machine guns which were housed in
the nose. Also the aircraft usually carried 2 MG FF cannons, but it wasn't unusual to see

The Battle Of The Pacific War
The date is June 4, 1942 and raging in the blue Pacific Ocean around a small atoll named Midway, a
battle is being fought for survival and complete victory. Late in the day on June the 4th, United
States Navy "helldivers" scream down from the heavens to rain hell upon the Japanese fleet carriers
below. Within minutes, three of the Imperial Navy's great carriers are sent to the bottom of the
Pacific in great fireballs. The massive destruction was wrought by the well–known Douglas SBD
Dauntless dive–bomber of the Second World War. The "slow but deadly" SBD Dauntless served the
United States Navy well for most of the Pacific War and was eventually replaced by the newer and
improved SB2C Helldiver or simply "the beast". These two planes share ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Within the cowling, there were two forward firing .50 caliber machine guns for the pilot. In the rear
seat the radioman gunner was equipped with two rearward facing .30 caliber machine guns
nicknamed the "stinger" by the gunners. In 1943, the Navy slowly started to replace its aging
Dauntless' with the newer Curtiss SB2C Helldiver. Despite the United States Navy replacing the old
Dauntless with the Helldiver in 1943, the Dauntless continued to serve proudly with the United
States Marine Corps for the rest of the war. The Curtiss SB2C Helldiver was first introduced into
combat with the Unites States Navy in November 1943. However, the design was first thought up in
May of 1939 to replace the obsolete SB2U Vindicator and the old but reliable SBD Dauntless dive–
bomber. When the first prototype models came off the production lines, there were several major
problems with the design, which delayed its entry into official service with the United States Navy.
The Curtiss Helldiver design was a modest step up from the older SBD Dauntless. The basic
principle of the dive–bomber did not change with the introduction of the Helldiver. The SB2C was
equipped with dive flaps, but on the first models the flaps were solid and caused buffeting when
going into the high "g" dives. This was later changed to perforated dive brakes that improved the
diving performance of the aircraft. Just like the SBD Dauntless, the Helldiver was crewed by two

Ww2 Germany Trip
WW2 Germany Trip
Suddenly there was a boom and I woke up. I was in a small house complete with a bed, table,
cabinets and more.
"Hallo," (hello) a unfamiliar girl's voice.
"Ich bin Katelyn Yager" (I am Katelyn Yager) The girl says nicely.
"Ich bin Olivia." ( I am Olivia) answer. I know German." I was a bit surprised and nervous about all
of this.
Wie machen sie kennt Deutche? Warum sie hier im Deuche?" (As do you know German? Why are
you here in Germany?)The girl asks in a concerning voice.
"Wir gerfundend sie auf das schwarz wald." (We found you in the black Forest.) She said. I stared at
her with nervous eyes.
"Ich merken warum ich war hier" (I now remember why I was here) I say. I remembered that I got in
big fight with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I went along after eating onto a different road, which I didn't know. Oh well. It looked like I was in
Frankfurt, Germany because of the Mainz River. No boats were on it as I suspected there should be,
the river was sparkling as the waves gently brushed the side on the banks.I walked to a long wooden
dock. Just as I was going to get into one of the boats on the river a man came up to me said I needed
to get out of here before the German's put me in a concentration camp. He said he was John Ashbury
Leysath. My last name was Leysath. He was a past relative. He asked me to come inside quickly. I
did what he said. We went up to the loft. Suddenly someone burst through the door asking to show
where we are. He gave me the shush signal.
"Sein sehr ruhig." (be very quiet) whisper to me. I got very quiet and still. It was like WW2 here, the
planes, the German Army men, the houses, food, almost everything!6 millon Jews died in the
holocaust. All together 6 million Jews died in WW2 and the Holocaust. Most of the population was
German and Jewish. After the person left we got down.
"Sie brauchen nach bekommen aus Von hier." (you need to get out of here) He explained.I was

going to get on a plane. I ran as fast as I could to the plane. I jumped, landed on the pilot area.I was
on the plane. "No the part where i get to the bomb

Why Was The Submarine So Pivotal? The Civil War?
Argument → Why Was The Submarine So Pivotal In The Civil War
Alexandra Brown
Thesis: The creation of submarines that were used to win Civil wars and control countries were a
part of a rapidly growing aspect of technology.
Did the submarines only serve a military purpose or did they help in other ways?
Did they aid in commerce?
Why do we need submarines?
What boats were used before?
How advanced were they?
Alternatives to submarines?
Were they equally as effective?
Did the use of submarines help a specific country more than others?
Who invented submarines first?
What is the Alligator and how did it help the U.S. Navy?
What was the goal of the first submersible warship of the U.S. Navy?
Was its first mission successful?
How advanced was its machinery?
How did the technology improve over time?
What was it built for?
¶ I: Background info:
Why were submarines invented?
By whom?
Where in the U.S?
How effective was the use of submarines when they were first invented?
Who was on board the first submarine?
"Confederate Submarines." The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 61, no. 3 (1953): 293–
303. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4245946.
"The Confederates after secession found themselves with no appreciable navy, little protection for
their harbors, and few natural or industrial resources with which to build a navy or conduct sea
warfare"
The South was desperate in 1863 after losing control of the Mississippi River after the defeat of

Vicksburg
First boat that achieved

The Air Raid: A Short Story
The air raid sirens went off, the same that they did every night, and Rachel didn't even have to pull
on her boots. She was ready. Rachel ran out into the autumn air and once again wondered why she
had agreed to come to London on this supplies run. Normally she was station in the country at an
army training facility, but when they said someone had to come to London for supplies, she had
volunteered. That wasn't exactly true, Rachel thought as the sirens wailed and she moved the streets
with a number of other huddled masses toward the Tube station that was to be their bomb shelter.
She knew exactly why she had volunteered. Soon they were going to be sending nonmilitary
personnel over to Paris and Rachel wanted to be that group. Sure, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It wasn't the most comfortable position, people walking by you constantly, to the safest if there was
a direct hit from a bomb, but it came with the promise of a breath of fresh air if you were lucky.
Rachel curled her boots underneath herself and sat there, hoping that the truck she had packed with
supplies survived the night shoulder against the tiled wall as the bombs continued to fall and the
ground continued to shake. No one was really speaking, for as many people as were down there,
there was hardly a sound. There was nothing left to say at this point. Instead, they all just sat and
waited. Either the sun was going to come up tomorrow or it was the end of the world. It was out of
their hands. In an attempt to calm herself, Rachel thought about Dean, which really didn't help.
Private Dean Winchester had been stationed at her base while he was doing his paratrooper training.
She had taken a fancy to him from afar, but never thought that he would actually speak to her. Why
would he need to with all the nurses that he could take out dancing or to the canteen? Still, he
looked good walking around in just his white t–shirt and uniform pants. Looked even better when he
played a game of pick–up baseball with the boys and the shirt stuck to his body with

Process Essay: How Do Submarines Work?
The way a submarine works is by surfacing, submerging, and using navigation, with all these things
in place, the submarine would be an amazing adventure underwater! Being able to go underwater
and understand the life deep beneath the ground is quite an extravaganza, but you can't simply just
dive in the water and begin your adventure, you need a submarine that guides you, it's like a car but
the difference is just underwater, with a handy submarine in place, you can go to any destination
underwater until you fulfill to your heart's content.
First thing you want to be able to do when you go underwater is being able to submerge, in other
words, dive into the water. Being able to submerge requires three elements, air, density, and ballast
tanks. According to the article How submarines work, it states "There is a supply of compressed air
on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The three elements it takes to surface are floating, buoyancy, and weight. First thing you need to do
to surface is to float. According to the article How do submarines work, it states "A submarine can
float on water because the weight of the water displaced is equal to the weight of the craft." What
this is saying is that without out a balanced weight, the submarine won't be able to float which leads
to the reason why it's important to surfacing. Weight also plays a role in surfacing because if the
weight of the water is heavier than the craft, it may sink the submarine deep below the surface of the
ocean and may be harder to surface at the top. And lastly is the buoyancy. According to the article
How submarines work, it states "The upward force that the water has on the vessel is known as the
buoyant force. The key to controlling a submarines diving and resurfacing, is to control the
buoyancy." If the force that the water has on the vessel that goes in an upward motion, it will control
both the diving and surfacing of the

Taking a Look at Mine Warfare
Mine warfare is the strategic, operational, and tactical use of sea mines and the countermeasures to
defeat them. These weapons are so dangerous and efficient which is why foreign navies and even
terrorist possess these weapons. The history of these weapons goes back to 1776; a year after our
nation's Navy was born. A man named David Bushnell created a mine that was composed of a
watertight keg, filled with black powder and a flintlock detonator which was suspended from a float
(Levie). The kegs were first used in the Delaware River to destroy British ships downriver during
the Revolutionary War. Along with the creation of the floating mines, Bushnell also created a drift
model of the mines that exploded on contact. As time went on, the Naval Branch increased in size
and so did the evolution and use of mines. Around 1863, Confederate Congress established the
Torpedo Service whose mission was to sow southern waterways with the kegs, which were very
inexpensive at the time. It was not until World War I when mines were being laid across the seas in
large amounts to prevent German U–boats from destroying our warships. Almost twenty–five years
later, during the Second World War, modern magnetic, acoustic, and pressure–sensitive mines were
first developed. The deployment of mines by submarine and aircraft suddenly came into play, which
spark inventors to begin developing counter–measures. Along with these counter measures, the
military begin to establish a base line by which all

Jfk Inaugural Address Rhetorical Analysis
On a cold January afternoon in 1961 John Fitzgerald Kennedy delivered one of the shortest but most
empowering inaugural addresses. Kennedy won by the smallest margin ever and to this day was the
youngest and the only Roman Catholic ever elected U.S. president. With the victory of World War II
behind the US and the fear of nuclear warfare with the Soviet Union looming Kennedy faced a
difficult task. Kennedy was faced with the task of convincing the American people that he was fit to
be leader. John F. Kennedy's use of rhetoric devices and persuasive appeals made in his Inaugural
Address convince the citizens of his ability to be chief executive. One of the rhetoric devices used
often in Kennedy's speech was the use of parallel structures. A parallel structure also called
parallelism is defined as the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence. An example
of a parallel structure would be "To show kindness is praiseworthy; to show hatred is evil". Some
examples of parallel structures in Kennedy's inaugural address speech are: "For man holds in his
mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.", "If a
free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich." and "Let us
never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiate". Kennedy used parallel structures to
align related ideas and to make it more understandable for both readers and listeners. By using a
parallel

Dive Bombers : Carrier Based
Two of the three aforementioned dive bombers were carrier–based, and this reflects the importance
of dive bombers as part of a fleet air wing. It was simply not feasible to have aircraft large enough to
be practical level bombers as part of the carrier's complement–– special situations such as the
Doolittle Raid notwithstanding. Furthermore, carriers groups were often tasked with attacking
enemy fleets, which calls for a precision beyond that of level bombing but perfectly suited for the
traits of dive bombers. While level bombers had the staggeringly low accuracy of 15% on a cruiser–
sized target, dive bombers attained hits 50% of the time, and near misses were also very valuable
thanks to the "water hammer" effect being able to break ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dive bombers and dive bombing were not merely limited to carrier–borne planes bereft of the size
necessary for traditional level bombing. Indeed, while the Ju 87 did engage in anti–shipping
activities in the North Sea, it made its name in the land battles of the European Theatre. During the
initial Blitzkrieg as Germany first stormed east into Poland and then West all the way through
France, the Stuka was a terrifying weapon of war. Missions of interdiction and close–air–support
alike fell to the Ju 87, and the equipping of armored vehicles with Stuka radios enabled on–call air
support to specific locations as necessary. Later in the war on the Eastern Front, the Ju 87 evolved
into a potent anti–armor weapon thanks to the addition of two high–velocity 37mm cannon in
addition to its typical bomb load. Squadrons claimed dozens of tank kills in single confrontations,
and Hans–Ulrich Rudel, among the most decorated pilots in all the luftwaffe, claimed a total of 519
armored vehicles destroyed. While the Allied forces did not deploy a dedicated dive bomber during
their liberation of Europe, the United States used the hulking P–47 fighter–bomber as a multirole
combat aircraft with dive bombing among its duties. Unlike the multirole dive bombers of yore,
though, the P–47 was powerful enough to handle all its assigned roles and was a terrific interdictor.
On

Extremely Loud And Incredibly Close
In Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close, Thomas Schell Sr.'s account of the bombing in Dresden
gives the reader a clear insight into his behavior and the reasons for it. In one moment, his life was
changed forever as he lost everything that was dear to him. As soon as the bombing scene begins,
the reader is sent back to Dresden through the deep description of the memory. The brutal
description of all of the bodies burning, the fear in Thomas' heart, and the utter terror all around him
could not be more real. He coped with the pain through writing and soon lost his speech altogether.
This left him unable to share his emotive experience with anyone and furthermore, created a wedge
between him and his family. I would like to assert that after revealing ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Three hours later, another 529 Lancasters approached the city, but this time they were armed with
firebombs. Another onslaught by 311 United States Army Air Force (USAAF) B–17 Flying Fortress
bombers followed in the morning (Steele 2). The bombers proceeded across the charming city until
all of Dresden was burning. Flames of thousands of fires consumed air from outside and sucked it in
with "the force of a hurricane," spreading the fire and suffocating thousands of victims (Steele 2).
Most of Dresden's baroque buildings fell to the ground. "Several people were cowering by the
entrance," wrote one of the victims, "Others were on the steps. You could recognise that the corpses
had human shapes, but they were without clothes, hair, or eyes, just charred. If you touched one, it
fell apart into ash" (Steele 2). The firestorm continued into the next day when again it rained down
from 450 more USAAF B–17 Flying Fortress bombers over Dresden at 12:30 P.M. on February 14.
After the bombing and the firestorm, approximately 90% of the city center was destroyed. One
survivor noted his experience: "It wasn't safe to come out of the shelter until noon the next day.
When the Americans and their guards did come out, the sky was black with smoke... Everybody else
in the neighborhood was dead" (insert citation). Even as survivors made their way out of the
smoldering city, bombs were loosed on Dresden's railways, bridges and other transportation
facilities, killing thousands more. By the end of it all, Dresden was so utterly destroyed that the city
was only a little more than

Pearl Harbor Conspiracy, By Japanese Torpedo And Bomber...
Carlos Tovar
Professor Couey
English 103
Oct. 15, 2015
Pearl Harbor Conspiracy
On December 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor Naval Base, Hawaii, was attacked by Japanese torpedo and
bomber planes. This attack took the lives of 2,402 Americans and left around 1,282 people injured.
The surprise attack caused outrage in the American people, news media, government and the world.
The following day President Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed the nation and United States
Congress, in response to the attack. In that address, the president asked Congress to declare war on
Japan. Congress voted and passed the U.S. Declaration of War on Japan, that very same day. That
was America`s entry into World War II. Previous to this attack Americans were reluctant to get
involved in another world war, the President on the other hand been trying to convince congress to
declare war. So as it turned out a "surprise attack" was exactly what was needed to get the American
people to unite in supporting joining the war. This idea has led to the Pearl Harbor Advance–
Knowledge conspiracy theory. The general idea of this conspiracy theory is that President Franklin
D. Roosevelt and other government officials had knowledge that Japan was planning an attack
before the attack happened. It even goes as far to claim that the government did somethings to
encourage the attack. The reason the president did not take steps to prevent it was that he was
enthusiastic in joining the war. Like with any "conspiracy theory" there is

John F Kennedy Short Biography
Born on May 29, 1917, in Brookline, Massachusetts, John F Kennedy, the second oldest of a group
of extraordinary siblings. His Mother, Rose Elizabeth Fitzgerald, and father, Joseph Kennedy Sr.
greatly influenced education, sports, and overall winning at everything. Despite his father's constant
reprimands, young Kennedy was a poor student and a mischievous boy. He attended a Catholic
boys' boarding school in Connecticut called Canterbury, where he excelled at English and history,
the subjects he enjoyed, but nearly flunked Latin, in which he had no interest. John F. Kennedy
joined the U.S. Navy in 1941.
Commanding the Patrol Torpedo Craft (PT) USS PT 109, Lieutenant, Junior Grade, John Kennedy
and his crew participated in the early campaigns in the Allies' long struggle to roll back the Japanese
from their conquests throughout the island chains of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The role of the small but fast PT boats was to attack the Japanese shipping known as the "Tokyo
Express" that supplied Japanese troops in the islands, and to support the US Army and Marine Corps
attacking the Japanese on shore. On August 2, 1943, as PT 109 was running silent to avoid detection
it was struck by the Japanese destroyer Amagiri. Traveling at 40 knots, the destroyer cut PT 109 in
two. The entire crew was thrown into the dark waters. From the wreckage, Kennedy ordered the
men with him, Edgar Mauer and John E. Maguire, to identify the locations of their crew mates still
in the water. Leonard Thom, Gerhard Zinser, George Ross, and Raymond Albert were able to swim
back on their own. Kennedy towed injured crew member McMahon 4 miles to a small island to the
southeast. All eleven

Does John F Kennedy Use Anaphora In Jfk Inaugural Address
In John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address, he speaks to the citizens of the United States and other
nations around the globe. His purpose is to not only establish his own credibility as the new
President of the United States, but also to motivate his audience to change for the better and listen to
his words. Kennedy uses a confident and energetic tone for the citizens of the U.S. and those who
want to find out who the new American President is. He emphasizes his main ideas using anaphora,
chiasmus, alliteration, and abstract words, and it invokes a desire to come together as a nation and
make a difference in the world. Kennedy's speech is a monumental moment in history, and one of
the most effectual rhetorical devices he uses is anaphora. In paragraph fifteen through eighteen he
says, "Let both sides explore. . . Let both sides, for the first time, formulate. . . Let both sides seek. .
. Let both sides unite. . ." This is an example of anaphora because the beginning phrase repeats and
ends with a different verb. These phrases change the audience's sceptical outlook on his incredible
speech, because he fulfills his purpose of unifying the nation. This use of anaphora is well placed in
his speech. Since it is about two thirds into his address, Kennedy has already established his
credibility and the audience is willing to listen to his advice. The second reason these anaphora
phrases are so powerful is the repetition implemented. Human brains are naturally programmed to

Under The Persimmon Tree: Chapter Analysis
(AGG)In Afghanistan the people say that U.S. bombings and suicide bombers are "evil twins" and
in the novel U.S. bombings, which are meant to root enemy positions, are characterized a evil and
greatly affect the characters.(BS–1)The U.S. power to hit targets from the air greatly changes and
affects nusrat in many ways. (BS–2)Because the U.S. caused the deaths of 2 of Najmah's family
members Najmah has a growing fear and affect deeply by the U.S.(BS–3)Finally the U.S. affect
both Najmah and Nusrat due to airstrikes causing indirect, bombings near the characters or near
their loved ones, and direct, deaths of family members, changes in the 2. (TS)The characters in the
book "Under the Persimmon Tree" are greatly affected by the U.S. involvement and the author uses
real life events to provoke conflicts and changes in how the two characters act and think.
(MIP–1)There are several events in the real world that characterise U.S. involvement and these
connect directly to Nusrat in certain aspects of the book. (SIP–A)There are several real world
situations which connect with events in the novel. (STEWIE–1) In an article by "The ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
(BS–3)Because of this conflict the characters Najmah and Nusrat are both greatly affected by events
that happen to them. (BS–2) There are events in the novel that pertain to U.S. bombings that gravely
affects Najmah, especially how she think.(BS–1) Bombings that happen to the north, where Faiz is,
cause Nusrat to worry and change in the way she thinks to herself and perceives conflicts.
(R)Because of Suzanne's use of U.S. Air strikes and the addition of having these events happen to
the characters in the book, we now have a better picture of what U.S. bombings can do to a person
and we now know how the lives of many real people in Afghanistan are affected by the

Pearl Harbor Accuracy Essay
Pearl Harbor
The movie Pearl Harbor is historically inaccurate because of the fact that it doesn't have a correct
order of events, appropriate weaponry and because of it's usage of props that were unavailable at the
time. First of all in the movie Pearl Harbor, the actual sequence of events that occured on December
7, 1941 was that the japanese sent two seperate waves of fighter planes to attack the U.S Naval base
of Pearl Harbor. (Memorials) However in the movie Pearl Harbor the attack on the naval base was
depicted as being just a single wave of japanese fighter pilots. This greatly affects the movies
credibility of being historically accurate by providing a false picture of what happened at the attack
of the Naval base.
Also another discrepancy ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Hughes) As well as in the movie there is a couple scenes that show three guns mounted to each
wing of the fighter plane but really the models of planes at the time only had two mounted on each
wing. (Pearl Harbor) Also another thing wrong with the movie is how the use of korean vehicles
appeared specifically the jeep that the commander is sitting in, the M–80s. The korean M–80s were
invented in around the 1950's so it could have been around during the attack on Pearl Harbor. (Jeep)
Also another thing that proved to be historically inaccurate in the film was the the props they used.
One being the types of cigarettes they were smoking. The characters from the movie were smoking
Marlboro Lights which didn't even appear anywhere until the 70's! (Hughes) Another prop that was
used in the movie that was incorrect for the time period of the movie which was set in the 1940's
was how most of the characters would wear rimless sunglasses, something that definitely wasn't
around during that period of time. The rimless sunglasses weren't invented until the 60's.

The Hunt for Red October Essay
The Hunt for Red October
During the summer holidays I viewed an engaging video titled 'The hunt for Red October'. The film
is based on a novel, written by Tom Clancy, which I am currently reading.
Captain Marco Ramius is portrayed by the actor Sir. Sean Connery (who is known for numerous
films including. James Bond and The Rock). The CIA writer, Dr. Jack Ryan, is portrayed by the
actor Alec Baldwin.
As the film begins the story line is suggested to be true, but denied by all officials. Here is an
overview of all of the main parts of the film – from my point of view:
Dr. Jack Ryan strolled into the central intelligence agency with his brief case in his hand, having just
got off a tiresome ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jones had detected the Red October on the sonar and, as it was a new, unknown submarine, they
began to follow them, not allowing the Russian to know of their presence.
Aboard the Red October the Political officer and Ramius had opened their orders, which were to
rendezvous with Captain Tupalov and run drills. When they had finished with their orders, Ramius
unexpectedly murders the Political officer and rang the doctor saying that the Officer had died by
slipping in his tea and banging his head on the table on the way down. Ryan had by now found his
friend and asked him what the doors were for. His friend had told him, after a little hesitation, that
they were in fact a 'caterpillar drive' and that this was a magneto hydrodynamic propulsion system.
If this worked the Russian sub.'scouldn't be detected by their defence systems or sonar array.
Ramius was now on the bridge giving the order to engage the Caterpillar.
Admiral Uri Bedoran , head of the soviet fleet, received a letter from Ramius telling him that he was
planning to defect.
Ryan told the Admiral Greer about the caterpillar to find that he already knew and also that he was
to give a briefing on the sub., in five minutes. Whilst giving the briefing he found that the whole of
the Russian Soviet fleet had been sent to find The Red October, and also that the Head of the fleet
was Ramius' dead

Linebacker 1 And 2 Summary
The bombing campaigns in Vietnam, Rolling Thunder, Linebacker I, and Linebacker II, still remain
controversial today. The common academic threat revolves around that if Rolling Thunder saw a
more destructive use of air power, as used during Linebacker I and II, it would have been successful.
Mark Clodfelter wholly disagrees with this idea. Throughout his book, Clodfelter believes that
Linebacker I and II saw success because they had a different political objective. In the preface, he
writes that many Air Force personnel "ignore the essence of why bombing "worked" in 1972 –
because it was the proper instrument to apply, given Nixon's specific goals and the political and
military situation that then existed"(p xii). This is further clarified by stating what Richard Nixon's
aim for the bombing campaigns was versus what Lyndon Johnson wanted. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is crucial to Clodfelter's argument, as he takes the Clausewitz view of war being an extension
of political actions. To clarify his thesis, he writes that "In the final analysis, the supreme test of
bombing's efficacy is its contribution to a nation's war aims. Clausewitz's definition of war as "a
continuation of political activity by other means" provides the only true measure for evaluating air
power's effectiveness. My goal is to provide such a Clausewitzian appraisal of the air war against
North Vietnam. I have attempted to do so by evaluating the three air campaigns against the North –
Rolling Thunder, Linebacker I, and Linebacker II – in terms of how effectively they supported
American war aims"(p xv). This means that he not evaluating the campaigns based on how many
sorties completed or tons dropped, but if they met the ever–changing American war

How A Submarine Works
Have you ever wondered how a submarine works? There are many parts to a submarine. Each part
contributes to how the submarine works. The parts also do many different things. Submarines are
basically a watercraft cable of independent operation under water.It is different from a submersible
that has more limited underwater capability. Beginning in ancient times, humans sought to operate
under water. From simple submersibles to nuclear–powered underwater behemoths, people have
searched for a means to remain safely underwater to gain the advantage in warfare, resulting in the
development of the submarine. It was first built in 1620. Today's attack and ballistic submarines are
made from special steel and/or titanium that are needed to withstand the pressures of the 1,000'
depths at which they operate. US submarines use a hi–pressure, flexible steel known as HY–100,
while the Russian boats are made from very expensive titanium. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Bourne first offered a lucid description of why a ship floats, by displacing its weight of water and
then described a mechanism by which: "It is possible to make a ship or Boat that may go under the
water unto the bottom, and so to come up again at your pressure (Brayton Harris). Meaning any
magnitude of body that is in the water ... having always but weight, may be made bigger or lesser,
then it Shall swim when you would, and sink when it list ..." (Brayton Harris) . In other words,
decrease the volume to make the boat heavier than the weight of the water it displaces and it will
sink (Brayton Harris). Make it lighter, by increasing the volume, and it will rise. He wrote of
watertight joints of leather, and a screw mechanism to wind the volume (Brayton

US Oklahoma Essay
On a warm afternoon in the Pacific, an Admiral inspects the deck of his battleship from the bridge.
Battleships play a large role in the Navy as long range artillery support, and as floating fortresses.
The U.S.S. Oklahoma was one of these grand ships. After the U.S.S. Oklahoma was commissioned,
she served her country for many years before falling victim to the Japanese invasion of Pearl
Harbor. The U.S.S. Oklahoma was initially launched on March 23, 1914, and commissioned two
years later on May 2, 1916, with Captain Roger Wellis in command. The U.S.S. Oklahoma was a
Nevada–class battleship with a total length of 583 feet. She was also outfitted with two triple and
two dual 14"/45 caliber deck guns, 21 single 5"/51 caliber deck guns, and two 21 inch submerged
torpedo tubes (Toppan). The U.S.S. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Oklahoma lead a long life serving the United States Navy, which means that she has completed
many of the missions assigned to her. The first mission the U.S.S. Oklahoma undertook was an
escort mission for U.S. President Woodrow Wilson. She was to escort the President, who was aboard
the U.S.S. George Washington, to France in 1918. A year later, she returned to Brest, France in June
to escort the U.S. President back home from his second visit to France in 1919. After her escort
mission was complete, she was to join with the Atlantic fleet for training and ship upgrades ("U.S.S.
Oklahoma"). Throughout the '20's and '30's, the U.S.S. Oklahoma served with the Pacific fleet
carrying out training operations and exercises until 1936, where she was then ordered to rescue
civilians trapped in the midst of the Spanish Civil War ("U.S.S. Oklahoma"; Dean). After new
threats of war appeared in 1940, the Oklahoma was sent back to the Pacific Fleet (Dean). The U.S.S.
Oklahoma joined with the Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor on December 4, 1941, and conducted a night
training and live fire exercise with the U.S.S. Arizona and U.S.S. Nevada on December 5, 1941
("U.S.S.

Rhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Speech
Peace is a state of mind that is pleasing to everyone. When John F. Kennedy gave his inaugural
speech, his main focus was bettering the lives of all. He wanted everyone to be peaceful with one
another so that the world can be filled with altruism. Kennedy uses rhetorics, which is the art of
well–developed speech, in his inaugural address. In "JFK's Inaugural Speech," Kennedy claims that
peace needs to be achieved worldwide using logical appeal, ethical appeal, and word choice. One
way Kennedy states that the world needs to be peaceful is by using logical appeal. The first example
of this is when he says, "we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for
peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or
accidental self–destruction" (7–8). It is clear that if each country is not careful with their nuclear
weapons, they could easily destroy the world; however, the author presents a better choice: if
everyone in the world become peaceful with one another, then there would not be the need to keep
or create more nuclear. Reasonably, the audience will want to create and sustain peace with other
countries so that nuclear weapons are no longer made. Another example is when he says, "Let both
sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us" (8). It
would be more beneficial to everyone if humanity aimed to fix world–wide problems than attempt
to fix problems that only affect a few parts of the world. In order to fix the bigger problems, each
country must not be factious and work on creating peace to benefit as many people as possible
rather than just their own country. The audience clearly recognizes the positive impact that world
peace can have on the world. All in all, using logical appeal, Kennedy is able to effectively convey
to the reader the importance of world peace.
Another way Kennedy states that worldwide peace needs to be acquired is through ethical appeal.
He starts off by saying, "so let us begin anew –– remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign
of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof" (8). He explains that being kind to one another
is not showing that weakness

Submarines: The Vietnam War
Contents
Abstracts.
After completing the entry of a package of six Russian kilos on January 20, 2017, Vietnam has
officially become a member of the "submarine club". With the existing six submarines, Vietnam's
ability to defend and control territorial waters has increased significantly. However, with the
topographic features of the South China Sea, kilos can not work effectively in certain areas such as
estuaries, bays or islands, this is necessary for the purpose of Vietnam's sea defense in the current
geopolitical situation. So, sooner or later, the second submarine brigade, that is based on high
mobility mini submarine that replenishing the existing six Kilos, must be established . This paper
will demonstrate that mini submarines are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We will be able to maintain vessel operation with only a few crew members. Special combat forces
equipped with this type of submarine can carry out the task of protecting important structures. Small
submarines can conduct a variety of activities such as: Destroying the enemy's sea lanes;
Transporting landing forces on the island; Reconnaissance, neutralization of minefields and
bombardment; Sabotage of port facilities and other important objectives. It is in line with the
traditional Vietnamese military guerrilla

War In The Air By H. G Wells: German Bombing Analysis
The first area of impact is morale caused by the bombing of Germany both on the British and
German citizens. The pre–war expectation was that bombing could completely destroy a countries
morale resulting a quicker war with less casualties. This was brought about by the science fiction
views of air power especially by H.G Wells who wrote "War in the Air" which showed how
bombing could "destroy the whole fabric of civilisation". The scaremongering science fiction
authors attributed to the public pressure and anxiety created by bombing. The public also believed
that bombing would bring a week of terror to the enemy which would then be followed by surrender
instead of wasting lives in a stalemate (as was the result of World War 1).
At the start of the war the impact was mainly insignificant as the bombing was not as bad as the ...
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This was because there was little damage dealt as both Britain and Germany had few bombers with
sufficient range to reach the target or the adequate technology to hit it. This resulted in public
opinion of bombing dropping from the pre–war expectation after they had first experienced it. This
was assisted by bomber command wanting to focus on damaging the German economy and not on
bombing the population. However despite this the bombing on Germany assisted in raising the
British morale as they were made to believe that the Germans were "prone to hysteria and panic"
and the exaggerated reports the British public were hearing about the bombing from the BBC
resulted in them believing that Germany was being more damaged than Britain.
This however changed by 1943 with the development of navigational aids such as the Gee which
allowed large scale attacks to take place where the majority of the bombers would end up together at
the target location. This was a significant change to before where most

The B 17
On July 28, 1935, the first porotype of the B–17 or also known as the B–299 took off from Boeing
Field in south Seattle on its first ever test flight (Boeing "B–17"). Seattle Times reporter Richard
Smith dubbed the new plane, with its many .30 caliber machine–guns, the "Flying Fortress," (qtd.in
Boeing). A name that Boeing quickly adopted and trademarked for the gigantic bomber (Boeing "B–
17"). The U.S. Army Air Corps designated the plane as the B–17. Boeing created the plane in
response to the Army's request for a large, multi–engine bomber. The B–17 financed entirely by
Boeing, went from the design board to flight tests in less than a year. In Boeings description of the
B–17 was a low–wing monoplane that combined aerodynamic features ... Show more content on
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Each version was more heavily armed. In the Pacific, the planes earned a deadly reputation with the
Japanese, who dubbed them "four–engine fighters."(Qtd.in. Boeing) (Boeing B–17). As defined
above in the beginning of the war the B–17 was wished and produced with high hopes that made a
name for itself for its fearsome look the B–17 had with massive size and guns that covered all sides
of the aircraft made the B–17 famous in both the allies eyes and the enemy's eyes as well.
The Boeing Company also writes The Fortresses were also legendary for their ability to stay in the
air after taking brutal poundings. "Gen. Carl Spaatz, the American air commander in Europe, said,
'Without the B–17 we may have lost the war'. " (Qtd.in. Boeing) (Boeing "B–17"). In B–17 Fortress
at War Freeman records a story of the Mary Alice. The Mary Alice was a famous B–17 that flew in
the European theatre. The Mary Alice is an example of a B–17 ability to take a beating and still be
able to fly back to base no matter how wounded. Freeman writes about the Mary Alice 66th mission
on a German synthetic oil refinery which is known to be the most dangerous of mission due to
heavy anti–air defenses set up by the Germans (101–102). Freeman writes on page 102 about the
heavy damage the Mary Alive sustained,
"Ploughing through intense flak barrage over Boljin when three shell burst

Personal Narrative: My Time At The Drop-In Center
During my time at the drop–in center I had the opportunity to be the key–note speaker for numerous
churches at various youth nights and numerous youth retreats. I was also asked to represent the
drop–in center at many of the churches in Winkler by giving a mission update/sermon on many of
the church's Sunday morning services throughout my tenure. In 2011, I was asked to give the
message at our community's annual summer festival where all the churches gather for a joint Sunday
morning service (unsolicited, someone so was kind to video tape it and provide me with a copy).
In January 2015 I was saddened at how things had transpired yet in an ironic twist knew that there
was no clearer calling out, than being told your services are no longer needed. Whether I was
deemed to no longer fit, or at the hands of flawed man, or the Lord's doing, or some combination of
the three...I knew that I was called out.
Over the course of the last year ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I believe in past years YC Manitoba has had breakout sessions with various Christian leaders
organizing smaller sessions/workshops. I don't know if you have all your leaders of these in place at
this time for those afternoon workshops, or even what the application process is to become a
sessional speaker, but I have a great I interest in participating in that manner – if it would be of
benefit to you and feasible. Above I listed some topics that I am passionate about and I have
previously given a talk called "Being a Fan vs Being a Participant". This may be a topic that would
fit nicely into a workshop session. It's a message that I've given to youth at the drop–in center where
I bring in a lot of my Winnipeg Blue Bomber memorabilia and show some pictures of me dressed up
for the game and on TSN (I'm a season ticket holder with my wife and we sit row 1 right behind the
visitor bench...I'm on TSN most home

The Checklist Manifesto Chapter 2 Summary

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The Checklist Manifesto Chapter 2 Summary