The American flag has red, white, and blue colors that represent courage, purity, and justice respectively. It features 50 stars representing the 50 states and 13 stripes representing the original 13 colonies. The document provides instructions for properly respecting the American flag, such as never letting it touch the ground, only flying it at night if lit, displaying it at schools, removing hats for the Pledge of Allegiance, and saluting it by placing a hand over the heart.