Info.

1. Terrorism in Pakistan

2. Abstract
As is known, for centuries, various acts of terrorism
have been carried out in different parts of the world by
different groups
for a variety of purposes. Sometimes a communist
organization, sometimes a fascist group, and sometimes
radical and separatist factions assume responsibility for
these acts. The nature of terrorism changes with
changing world conditions and increases its impact and
power with the new means made possible by developing
technology. Terrorism is the cruelest of crimes. The
universal revulsion at the events of September 2001, the
"War on Terror" has magnified many folds the global
threat of terrorism.

3. What is terrorism?
The word terrorism is derived from a Latin
word “terror” which means ‘great fear, dread
or to frighten’.
TERRORISM has no global definition yet it can
be termed as:
“Unlawful act of violence in such a way as
to achieve a certain goal.”

4. What is terrorism?
Terrorism is not new and even though it has been used since the early
times of recorded history, it can be relatively hard to define terrorism.
The United Nations produced the following definition of terrorism in
1992; "An anxiety-inspiring method of repeated violent action,
employed by (semi-) clandestine individual, group or state actors, for
idiosyncratic, criminal or political reasons, whereby - in contrast to
assassination - the direct targets of violence are not the main
targets."
The terrorists plan their attack to obtain the greatest publicity,
choosing targets that symbolize what they oppose. The effectiveness
of the terrorist act lies not in the act itself, but in the public’s or
government’s reaction to the act. For example, in 1972 at the Munich
Olympics, the Black September Organization killed 11 Israelis. The
Israelis were the immediate victims. But the true target was the
estimated 1 billion people watching the televised event. Those billion
people watching were to be introduced to fear - which is terrorism's
ultimate goal.

5. INTRODUCTION
Islam and Terrorism
In the West, there is a strong perception regarding Islam as a
religion which advocates militancy. They believe, though
wrongly, that Islam does not believe in peaceful co-existence.
Whereas it is fact that Islam does not permit terrorism, Islam is
a religion of mercy, kindness and compassion.
Appraisal of Challenges and Implications
Pakistan is confronted with two broad categories of terrorism
namely internal and external which can be further classified. It
is facing the twin menaces of religious extremism and ethnic
strife. In this part, we identify critical challenges of militancy
and extremism faced by Pakistan and their implications.

6. Domestic Terrorism
The real threat to our security primarily comes from “within.”
The banned organizations like Tahreek-e-Taliban and Lashker-e-
Jhangvi, Mehdi Militia etc., have the means to create instability
in Pakistan.
The communal/regional cards like Sindhi, Balochi, Pathan,
Saraike and Mohajir etc. seem to be dominating over the
concept of nationalism which could be the essence of our
strength. Sectarian violence is also one aspect of domestic
terrorism. Areas like, Kuram, Para chinar, D.I. Khan, tribal belt
and Southern Punjab are affected by this kind of terrorism.
Suicide attacks and attacks on infrastructure, schools, banks,
railway tracks and gas pipelines etc. are some other examples
of home-grown terrorism. Many of these terrorist acts have
external sponsorship either by states or non-state actors.

7. International or State Sponsored Terrorism
These acts have strategic significance. Attacks on such high
value targets in Pakistan as President, Prime Minister, Marriot
Hotel, Sri Lankan Cricket Team, Army GHQ, PNS Mehran Base,
Police Stations, drone attacks and FC training centers etc.
come in this category. These acts are sponsored by state
agents as a tool of state policy. These activities are part of a
bigger game involving other regional/extra regional actors. The
prime objective of such acts is to project the victim state as a
failed state and on the verge of collapse.

8. Separatist Terrorism
Pakistan has experienced separatist terrorism in the past in
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan and the same is still
going on in Balochistan currently. The province of Balochistan
has experienced intermittent gorilla war since last many
decades. The terrorist threat posed by these armed
insurgents is of separatist nature. It is the unsolved ethno-
nationalist conflict between the separatists and the
government that
is fueling the militancy. The insurgents comprising of tribal
militants have carried out acts of terrorism against state
infrastructure and resorted to target killing to advance their
agenda. The militants have active
support from foreign elements. The Indian involvement in
fueling separatist movement in Balochistan through its
consulates in Afghanistanhas been an open secret.

10. In GLOBAL
TERRORISM INDEX
2014 Pakistan is on
3rd number with 9.37
score backing
afghanistan and iraq

13. Peshawar Attack
 Black day in the History of Pakistan
 On 16 December 8 terrorists attack on Army Public
School-APS
 They killed 140+ students and many injured.
IMPACT OF TERRORISM

14. PeshawarAttack

15. Attack on Bacha Khan University
A group of militants has stormed a
university in north-west Pakistan,
killing at least 30 people and leaving
dozens injured in 20th jan 2016.

16. Pakistan Cricket Board
PCB suffered a loss of 51.22
million $ after Attack on
Sri lankan team in Lahore in
2009.

18. Fatalities in Terrorist Violence in
Pakistan 2003-2014
Year Civilians Security Force Personnel Terrorists/Insurgents Total
2003 140 24 25 189
2004 435 184 244 863
2005 430 81 137 648
2006 608 325 538 1471
2007 1522 597 1479 3598
2008 2155 654 3906 6715
2009 2324 991 8389 11704
2010 1796 469 5170 7435
2011 2738 765 2800 6303
2012 3007 732 2472 6211
2013 3001 676 1702 5379
2014 688 205 497 1390
Total* 18844 5703 27359 51906

19. PAKISTAN TOURISM
Pakistan tourism industry suffered a loss of 54 million dollars from 2001-1010.

20. Major problems of terrorism
Political Instability:
Lack of law and order
Bad governance
Corruption
Unequal distribution of wealth
Economic conditions:
Low purchasing power
Social Injustice:
 Due to suppression by Zamindars and Jagirdars, a suppressed community
often rises violently against the injustice leading to extremism in the society
Class Differences:
Huge gap between rich and poor
Religious extremism:
Suicide bombings and terrorists activities are carried out by the people who
claimed to be Muslims
The so called scholars of Islam are responsible for these acts
Who are gravely mistaken in their understanding of the issue of jihad

21. Conti...
Madressas centers of hate-preaching to young minds is the
critical part of the problem.
Sectarian conflict:
The sectarian anti-Shiite militant groups like the Sipah-i-
Sahaba Pakistan were preaching hatred against the Shiite
Muslims and employing some terrorist activities.
Two types of terrorists groups in pakistan:
 Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan target civilians and military
personnel
 Lashkar-e-Jhangvi is a anti-Shia sectarian organisation

22. STEPS taken by PAKISTAN
Ban on Terrorism organization
Operation Rah-e-Raast (May 2009)
Operation Rah-e-Nijat (June 2009)
Government also take step for
reforming of Madrassas.
Operation Zarb-e-Azb(June 2014)

23. Once again Pakistan is at a crossroads. Militant and extremists
threaten the territorial integrity of the State. The asymmetric
guerilla warfare introduced by Afghan Jihad continues to haunt
us. The government of the day is sandwiched between
conflicting pressure from the United States and the militant
extremists. The economy is in shambles and over inflation
coupled with lack of investment and the flight of capital is
destroying the fabric of our society. Rampant corruption,
nepotism and breakdown of civic facilities have held the nation
hostage. Poor law and order caused by mercenaries, criminals
and extremists have taken a heavy toll on the everyday life of
innocent people. Doubts are being raised about the capability of
the security forces to meet these challenges and even the
viability of the state. Away forward has to be found despite the
enormity and complexity of the national scene. Pakistani
people have the capability to brave all odds given right and
sincere guidance. The future course has to be chartered
carefully with national consensus.
Conclusion

24. Time has come to involve the people of Pakistan into the
decision making that affect their very life. The people must
reject extremisms in all its forms and work towards
establishing a peaceful, tolerant, pluralistic, law abiding,
modern, progressive and corruption free society. Terrorism is a
great hurdle in our socio-economic prosperity, political stability
and geostrategic sustainability. Development activities are on
halt in these areas. The rule of ignorance, stagnation,
fanaticism, and destruction is spreading like a wild fire
especially in Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA. The
militancy is caused by numerous factors; hence no single
solution exists for our problems. Multiple simultaneous courses
need to be adopted and global picture must to be taken into
account while considering way forward. The local as well as
external factors need be taken care of to isolate and eliminate
terrorism. On international level, we have to engage US and our
neighbors to eliminate support for militancy in Pakistan. On
national level, we have to sort out economy, education, and
civic infrastructure to facilitate a progressive and prosperous
society

25. The improvement of law and order and elimination of corruption
and nepotism must remain high on our priority list. At the same
time, a strict check has to be maintained on the use of religious
seminaries to breed and spread sectarianism and extremism.
The relative Terrorism in expediency and weight of any
particular approach has to be decided
based on ground situation and impact based on accurate
feedback.