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Terrance
Explain at least five elements of critical thinking that you found
in the reading material.
QualiaSoup (2009) lists nine elements to critical thinking which
are: (1) analyzing, (2) conceptualizing, (3) defining, (4)
examining, (5) inferring, (6) listening, (7) questioning, (8)
reasoning, and (9) synthesizing. I consider analyzing and
examining as the first two steps to critical thinking.
Analyzing
and
examining
breaks down the research as a whole into separate pieces to
determine their purpose. Using these two elements, you can
determine if a source is credible, if the content pertains to what
you are researching, and if the author is biased.
Questioning
does not mean rejecting an idea or claim but to withhold
personal judgement until a review of all the factual information
can be done before making a decision. This allows a critical
thinker to remain unbiased and not jump to conclusions based
on their assumptions.
Inferring
is the ability to draw conclusion based on the factual
information obtained by assessing the raw data as a whole and
discover probable outcomes (QualiaSoup, 2009). One thing to
remember is, new information is always being presented and
your original inference may not be correct. Finally, the
reasoning
used to draw your conclusions should be made based on facts
and not emotions. Reasoning allows the critical thinker to make
sound decisions backed by logic and not emotions or social
pressure.
Search the Internet, media, or the Ashford University Library,
and find an example in which good critical thinking skills are
being demonstrated by the author or speaker. Summarize the
content and explain why you think it demonstrates good critical
thinking skills.
One article I found on international drug trafficking and law
enforcements failure on the war on drugs is by German Lopez
on Vox.com. Lopez (2016) analyzes the United States current
drug problem and the cost it has on the United States trying to
combat it through criminalization. In the article Lopez(2016)
explains how the war on drugs, which started in 1971, has done
little to stop illicit drug use in the United States. In the last
forty years the drug war has cost taxpayers over $1 trillion
while straining the criminal justice system and doing little as to
drug use, production, and trafficking.
I believe Lopez used critical thinking in his claim because as he
presents in information he backs it up through research and
statistics provided by reputable sources. He quotes many
individuals in the article and provides both sides arguments to
keeping or removing the criminal aspect of drug abuse.
Additionally, Lopez does not just look at those outcomes as the
only two options avoiding a false dichotomy. He offers other
solutions such as reducing the level of criminality associated to
drug trafficking and reducing drug schedules for certain drugs
such as marijuana.
Search the Internet, media, or the Ashford University Library,
and find an example in which the author or speaker lacks good
critical thinking skills. Summarize the content and explain why
you think it demonstrates the absence of good, critical thinking
skills.
During my research I found a website called Debate.org (n.d.)
that posed the question, “should all drugs be legalized?” On this
site people are allowed to post anything they want to either side
of the purposed question and offer examples, statistics,
opinions, experiences, etc. about the issue. Based on
individual’s votes 70% of the people commenting believe all
drugs should be legalized. The content on this site lacks critical
thinking because many of individuals who commented based
their decision on emotions vs. facts. They offered no citations
for their claims, show bias based on the vocabulary used, and
lacks inference to define potential outcomes. By purposing only
keep things the way they are or legalize all drugs the website
provides a false dichotomy, seeing the issue in only black and
white.
Resources
Debate.org. (n.d.).
Should all drugs be legalized?
Debate.org. https://www.debate.org/opinions/should-all-drugs-
be-legalized
Lopez, G. (2016, May 8).
The war on drugs, explained.
Vox. https://www.vox.com/2016/5/8/18089368/war-on-drugs-
marijuana-cocaine-heroin-meth
QualiaSoup. (2009, December 24).
Critical thinking
. YouTube. https://youtu.be/6OLPL5p0fMg
Brittany
Explain at least five elements of critical thinking that you found
in the reading material.
1. Identify the situation, problem, and audience you are
addressing.
2. Independently research the issue to create a persuasive
argument
3. Recognize and eliminate biases when evaluating information;
appreciate various perspectives.
4. Analyze and draw conclusions based on the information
provided.
5. Consider the relevancy of the information presented as it
applies to your topic.
Search the Internet, media, or the Ashford University Library,
and find an example in which good critical thinking skills are
being demonstrated by the author or speaker. Summarize the
content and explain why you think it demonstrates good critical
thinking skills.
In the scholarly article, Uncertainty in artificial intelligence,
Parsons summarizes the first conference on Uncertainty in
Artificial Intelligence. During this conference, people were able
to express their views on AI and communicate with the AI
community. The goal of this conference was to promote
research in technological advancements, while learning from the
uncertainty of it. The author does a great job of incorporating
critical thinking skills for many reasons. First, Parsons
identifies a level of bias ["non-probabilist ( pg 65 para. 3)"] in
the opening statements, but includes many relevant points of
research that debunk his biases from the concern of the paper.
Next, there are multiple levels of identifying the topic,
audience, and other factors that could influence the credibility
of the paper. There are also many references to evidence-based
research, which allows Parsons to make inferences relevant to
the paper.
Search the Internet, media, or the Ashford University Library,
and find an example in which the author or speaker lacks good
critical thinking skills. Summarize the content and explain why
you think it demonstrates the absence of good, critical thinking
skills.
In the next article found, the author is a journalist that is
reporting on the rise of artificial intelligence. This article gives
a brief history of AI and how beneficial it is to advancements in
computer sciences. The article continues to briefly discuss both
sides of the AI debate: good vs. bad. I chose a news article to
compare to the previous scholarly article because it's a great
example of scholarly vs. popular sources. The author has some
good information included, but lacks critical thinking skills.
The length of the article is much shorter than the previous and
incorporates biases and almost promote fear mongering. To
summarize, the "bad" side of AI is referred to through
"Doomsday" references and can only create the inference of
eradication of the human population. The article, to me, is
promoting the negative aspects of AI and does not create a
credible argument for the "good" side of AI.
References:
Remnick, D. (2019, October 13). Sunday Reading: The Rise of
Artificial Intelligence. The New Yorker. Retrieved from
https://www.newyorker.com/books/double-take/sunday-reading-
the-rise-of-artificial-intelligence
Parsons, S. (1994). Uncertainty in artificial intelligence.
The Knowledge Engineering Review,
9
(1), 65-66. doi:10.1017/S0269888900006597

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TerranceExplain at least five elements of critical thinking th

  • 1. Terrance Explain at least five elements of critical thinking that you found in the reading material. QualiaSoup (2009) lists nine elements to critical thinking which are: (1) analyzing, (2) conceptualizing, (3) defining, (4) examining, (5) inferring, (6) listening, (7) questioning, (8) reasoning, and (9) synthesizing. I consider analyzing and examining as the first two steps to critical thinking. Analyzing and examining breaks down the research as a whole into separate pieces to determine their purpose. Using these two elements, you can determine if a source is credible, if the content pertains to what you are researching, and if the author is biased. Questioning does not mean rejecting an idea or claim but to withhold personal judgement until a review of all the factual information can be done before making a decision. This allows a critical thinker to remain unbiased and not jump to conclusions based on their assumptions. Inferring is the ability to draw conclusion based on the factual information obtained by assessing the raw data as a whole and discover probable outcomes (QualiaSoup, 2009). One thing to remember is, new information is always being presented and your original inference may not be correct. Finally, the reasoning used to draw your conclusions should be made based on facts and not emotions. Reasoning allows the critical thinker to make sound decisions backed by logic and not emotions or social pressure.
  • 2. Search the Internet, media, or the Ashford University Library, and find an example in which good critical thinking skills are being demonstrated by the author or speaker. Summarize the content and explain why you think it demonstrates good critical thinking skills. One article I found on international drug trafficking and law enforcements failure on the war on drugs is by German Lopez on Vox.com. Lopez (2016) analyzes the United States current drug problem and the cost it has on the United States trying to combat it through criminalization. In the article Lopez(2016) explains how the war on drugs, which started in 1971, has done little to stop illicit drug use in the United States. In the last forty years the drug war has cost taxpayers over $1 trillion while straining the criminal justice system and doing little as to drug use, production, and trafficking. I believe Lopez used critical thinking in his claim because as he presents in information he backs it up through research and statistics provided by reputable sources. He quotes many individuals in the article and provides both sides arguments to keeping or removing the criminal aspect of drug abuse. Additionally, Lopez does not just look at those outcomes as the only two options avoiding a false dichotomy. He offers other solutions such as reducing the level of criminality associated to drug trafficking and reducing drug schedules for certain drugs such as marijuana. Search the Internet, media, or the Ashford University Library, and find an example in which the author or speaker lacks good critical thinking skills. Summarize the content and explain why you think it demonstrates the absence of good, critical thinking skills. During my research I found a website called Debate.org (n.d.)
  • 3. that posed the question, “should all drugs be legalized?” On this site people are allowed to post anything they want to either side of the purposed question and offer examples, statistics, opinions, experiences, etc. about the issue. Based on individual’s votes 70% of the people commenting believe all drugs should be legalized. The content on this site lacks critical thinking because many of individuals who commented based their decision on emotions vs. facts. They offered no citations for their claims, show bias based on the vocabulary used, and lacks inference to define potential outcomes. By purposing only keep things the way they are or legalize all drugs the website provides a false dichotomy, seeing the issue in only black and white. Resources Debate.org. (n.d.). Should all drugs be legalized? Debate.org. https://www.debate.org/opinions/should-all-drugs- be-legalized Lopez, G. (2016, May 8). The war on drugs, explained. Vox. https://www.vox.com/2016/5/8/18089368/war-on-drugs- marijuana-cocaine-heroin-meth QualiaSoup. (2009, December 24). Critical thinking . YouTube. https://youtu.be/6OLPL5p0fMg Brittany Explain at least five elements of critical thinking that you found
  • 4. in the reading material. 1. Identify the situation, problem, and audience you are addressing. 2. Independently research the issue to create a persuasive argument 3. Recognize and eliminate biases when evaluating information; appreciate various perspectives. 4. Analyze and draw conclusions based on the information provided. 5. Consider the relevancy of the information presented as it applies to your topic. Search the Internet, media, or the Ashford University Library, and find an example in which good critical thinking skills are being demonstrated by the author or speaker. Summarize the content and explain why you think it demonstrates good critical thinking skills. In the scholarly article, Uncertainty in artificial intelligence, Parsons summarizes the first conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence. During this conference, people were able to express their views on AI and communicate with the AI community. The goal of this conference was to promote research in technological advancements, while learning from the uncertainty of it. The author does a great job of incorporating critical thinking skills for many reasons. First, Parsons identifies a level of bias ["non-probabilist ( pg 65 para. 3)"] in the opening statements, but includes many relevant points of research that debunk his biases from the concern of the paper.
  • 5. Next, there are multiple levels of identifying the topic, audience, and other factors that could influence the credibility of the paper. There are also many references to evidence-based research, which allows Parsons to make inferences relevant to the paper. Search the Internet, media, or the Ashford University Library, and find an example in which the author or speaker lacks good critical thinking skills. Summarize the content and explain why you think it demonstrates the absence of good, critical thinking skills. In the next article found, the author is a journalist that is reporting on the rise of artificial intelligence. This article gives a brief history of AI and how beneficial it is to advancements in computer sciences. The article continues to briefly discuss both sides of the AI debate: good vs. bad. I chose a news article to compare to the previous scholarly article because it's a great example of scholarly vs. popular sources. The author has some good information included, but lacks critical thinking skills. The length of the article is much shorter than the previous and incorporates biases and almost promote fear mongering. To summarize, the "bad" side of AI is referred to through "Doomsday" references and can only create the inference of eradication of the human population. The article, to me, is promoting the negative aspects of AI and does not create a credible argument for the "good" side of AI. References: Remnick, D. (2019, October 13). Sunday Reading: The Rise of Artificial Intelligence. The New Yorker. Retrieved from https://www.newyorker.com/books/double-take/sunday-reading- the-rise-of-artificial-intelligence
  • 6. Parsons, S. (1994). Uncertainty in artificial intelligence. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 9 (1), 65-66. doi:10.1017/S0269888900006597