1) The document discusses various tenses in English including the simple present, present continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, simple past, past continuous, past perfect, past perfect continuous, simple future, future continuous, and future perfect.
2) It provides examples of how to form each tense and when each tense is used.
3) Key details about each tense like time frames, ongoing vs completed actions, and common words used with each tense are outlined.
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Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
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Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
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This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Objectives
Simple present
Present continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect
Continuous
Present
1 2 3
Simple past
Past continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
Continuous
Past
Simple future
Future continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect
Continuous
Future
3. Used to talk about things that happen normally such as routines or habits. Also used to
express general facts
S + v (s/es) + obj
S + do/does + not+ v + obj
Simple present البسيط المضارع يستخدم
والمعلومات الحقائق لمشاركة
ًادائم الصحيحة
Verb form to be form
Singular
S + am/is/are + predicate
do/does + s + v + obj ?
S + am/is/are + not+ predicate
am/is/are + s + predicate ?
Do - Plural
Does - Singular
I get up at 7 o’clock every day
She is a doctor
Water freezes at 0ºC
They live in France.
She plays tennis.
It doesn’t rain
4. Present CONTINUOUS
Used to talk about actions that are happening right now. Also used to talk
about temporary things and continuous actions or developing situations
لألفعال المستمر المضارع يستخدم
لألحداث وتستخدم اآلن تحدث التي
والمؤقتة المستمرة
S + am/is/are + v1 + ing + obj
S + am/is/are + not + v1 + ing + obj
is/are/am + s + v1 + ing + obj ?
I’m teaching English right now
The birds are singing.
We are walking to the pub.
It is not raining
Look! He is falling downstairs
My brother is staying at our flat this month
Now
Listen!
look!
At the moment
Today
These days
At the present
This week, yaer...etc)
All (night,etc)
keywords
5. Present Perfect
I have eaten a lot of cookies
We have broken up
I have never eaten Sushi in my whole life
I have read 3 books this week
"لحظات من الكوكيز أكلت " ثواني الها ما صارت شغلة
موجود لساته أثر الها ولكن السابق في صارت شغلة
Experience كـ عملتها او عملتها ما شغلة عن بنحكي
حياتي طوال وممكن محدد وقت بدون
خلصت ما ولسا السابق في صارت شغلة
just / already / never / ever السؤال مع / since / for / recently/ lately
keywords
6. Present Perfect
Used for things that happened in a time period that has not finished.
لم زمنية فترة في حدثت ألشياء تستخدم
.بعد تنته
الماضي في بدأت التي لألشياء تستخدم
الحاضر الوقت في صلة ذات ولكنها
S + have/has + v3 + obj
S + have/has + not +v3 + obj
Have/has + s + v3 + obj ?
I have spoken to him three times today
I have been to Canada twice
She has never tried sushi
Used for things that started in the past but are relevant in the present.
S + has/have + v3
S + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + V3 + BY + OBJ
Passive
A novel has just been finished (by him)
He has just finished a novel
These copies ______
• have just been printed
• have just printed
• have just been printing
• are printing
.التام بالحاضر أو البسيط بالماضي ًاأحيان تأتي since جملة
7. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Used to talk about continuous actions that started in the past but are still
happening now.
المستمرة األفعال عن للحديث يستخدم
تزال ال ولكنها الماضي في بدأت التي
.اآلن تحدث
S + have/has + been + v (ing) + obj
S + have/has + not+ been+ v (ing) + obj
have/has + S + been+ v (ing) + obj ?
I have been working with you for 3 months.
He has been studying medicine since 2020.
They’ve been building their house for years.
I've been craving chocolate cake for days!
The kid’s shirt is not clean; he_______
for hours.
• has been played
• has played
• has been playing
emphasize the duration of
the action. the kid has
been playing for a long
time and is still playing,
which is why his shirt is not
cleaned.
8. Review
stative verbs
I have been knowing him for five years
I have known him for five years
مستمر فعل بصيغة تأتي ال
I have already seen the film
Have you seen the film yet?
yet / already = Present Perfect
thoughts and opinions:
agree, believe, doubt, guess, imagine,
know, mean, recognise, remember,
suspect, think, understand
feelings and emotions:
dislike, hate, like, love, prefer, want, wish
senses and perceptions:
appear, be, feel, hear, look, see, seem,
smell, taste
possession and measurement:
belong, have, measure, own, possess,
weigh.
Verbs that are sometimes stative
Be
you are stupid = it's part of your personality
you are being stupid = only now, not usually
Think
I think that coffee is great= have an opinion
what are you thinking about? I'm thinking
about my next holiday= consider, have in my
head
Have I have an old car. (state – possession)
I'm having a quick break. (action – having a
break is an activity)
9. Used to talk about things that happened at a specific moment in the past.
S + v2 + obj
S + did + not + V (inf) + obj
Simple past األشياء عن للتحدث تستخدم
في معينة لحظة في حدثت التي
.الماضي
did + S + V (inf) + obj ?
I walked to the store yesterday
Did you learn Italian at school?
I ate ice cream last night.
I didn’t go to the gym last Sunday.
in the 1990s, I stole many cars
Where did you go last night?
yesterday
last week/year
(in (month, year
ago
in the past (in 1996 ..)
keywords
.البسيط بالماضي تأتي before جملة
10. Past CONTINUOUS
Used to talk about a continuous action in the past that happened at the
same time as another continuous action.
في مستمر فعل عن للحديث يستخدم
مع الوقت نفس في حدث الماضي
.آخر مستمر فعل
S + Was/Were + V (ing) + obj
S + Was/Were + not + V (ing) + obj
was/were + s + v (ing)?
I was tidying the house while she was cooking
She was talking while he was speaking.
The kids were playing while I was working
إجراء مقاطعة عند ا ًضأي تستخدم
.قصير بفعل مستمر
Also used when a continuous action is interrupted by a short action.
I was reading when the phone rang.
She was working when I got home.
My mother was staying in France when I was
child.
بعدها while
past continupus
بعدها when
simple past
11. Past Perfect
Used when talking about two things that happened in the past.
Use this tense for the thing that happened first.
في حدثا شيئين عن الحديث عند تستخدم
.الماضي
.ًالأو حدث الذي للشيء الزمن هذا استخدم
S + had + v3 + obj
S + had + not + v3 + obj
had + s + v3 + obj?
I had heard the news before you told me.
I had lived in France before I started learning Spanish.
After I had studied , I watched some TV.
Had you known about the news before he told you?
My wife had cooked breakfast, When I got up.
بالماضي ًاغالب تأتي After جملة
.التام
Before
till/until
Already
keywords
12. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Used when there are two actions in the past. The past perfect continuous
action started and finished before the the second action started
في إجراءان هناك يكون عندما ستخدمُت
الماضي التام المستمر العمل بدأ .الماضي
الثاني اإلجراء بدء قبل وانتهى
S + had + been + v(ing)
S + had + not + been + v(ing)
had + s + been + v(ing) ?
I’d been looking for a job for months before I decided to start a business.
She had been feeling sick most mornings, so she went to see a doctor.
I had been working at this company for 5 years when I got the promotion.
Richard had been practicing to sing the song since morning.
13. Review
Ahmad studied Simple past
While Ahmad was studing, the phone rang Past Continuous
Ahmad had studied when the phone rang Past Perfect
Ahmad had been studing for 3 hours befor the
phone rang
Past Perfect Conyinuous
S+V2+o
S+ was / were +V(ing)+o
S+ had +V3+o
S+ had + been +V(ing)+o
14. Past Perfect Conyinuous S+ had + been +V(ing)+o
Review
It was snowing, so I wear
my winter coat
It had been snowing, so I wear my winter coat
S+ was / were +V(ing)+o
Past Continuous
still snowing
the snow stopped
evidence
سوا بصيروا الحدثين
االخر قبل شيء حدث
15. بسيط مستقبل
January March June July
في الفعل يحدث
ًاومستمر الفترة هذه
الفعل حدوث بداية الفعل حدوث نهاية
مستمر مستقبل
تام مستقبل
I will study in January
I will be studing in March
I will have finished studying in June
S + Will + be + v (ing) + obj
S + Will + have + v (3) + obj
S + will + v + obj
Future Tenses
16. Simple Future
Will
going to
محادثة خالل قرار / مفاجئ قرار / فعل ردة
عرض
الشخصية التنبؤات
وعد
تهديد
طلب
المستقبل في النوايا أو خطط / قرارات
شهادة أساس عىل التنبؤات
Someone is knocking at the door. I will see who it is.
You are carrying heavy boxes. I will help you.
I think that she will look nice in that dress.
I will pay you tomorrow
I will never lend you money again
Will you pass me the salt, please?
I’m going to buy a new car
The sky is full of black clouds.
it is going to rain.
17. Used when talking about two actions in the future. Use this tense to talk
about the action we expect to happen before the second one.
S + Will + v + obj
S + Will + nOT + v + obj
Simple Future في عملين عن الحديث عند تستخدم
عن للتحدث الزمن هذا استخدم .المستقبل
.الثاني اإلجراء قبل حدوثه نتوقع الذي اإلجراء
Will going to
S + is/are/am + going to + v
Will + S + v + obj ?
S + is/are/am + not+ going to + v
Is/are/am + S + going to + v + o ?
Someone is knocking at the door. I will see who it is.
You are carrying heavy boxes. I will help you.
I think that she will look nice in that dress.
I’m going to buy a new car
The sky is full of black clouds.it is going
to rain.
18. FUTURE CONTINUOUS
Used for continuous actions that will be in progress at a
specific moment in the future
S + Will + be + v (ing) + obj
S + won’t + be + v (ing) + obj
Will + S + be + v (ing) + obj?
I’ll be sleeping when you come back.
I won’t be able to answer the phone at 11am. I’ll be driving.
You’ll be learning about the perfect tenses in 2 minutes’ time.
حدث عن التعبير
زمن في مؤقت
المستقبل في محدد
تخمين او توقع
المستقبل في حدث
مهذبة بطريقة طلب
مباشرة وغير
• Don’t call at 7.00. I will be
watching the match on TV
• Will you be driving?
• I will be waiting for you
when you arrive tonight.
• This time next week, we will
be swimming in Aqaba.
19. FUTURE Perfect في عملين عن الحديث عند تستخدم
عن للتحدث الزمن هذا استخدم .المستقبل
اإلجراء قبل حدوثه نتوقع الذي اإلجراء
.الثاني
S + Will + have + v (3) + obj
S + won’t + have + v (3) + obj
Will + S + have + v (3) + obj?
I will have graduated university when I turn 26.
When our first daughter is born, we will have been
together for a 10 years.
Used when talking about two actions in the future. Use this tense
to talk about the action we expect to happen before the second
one.
I won't have read every magazine in the
waiting room before I seethe dentist.
• When you wake, I will have finished your work
Simple present زمن في الثاني و Future Perfect األول الحدث
،الظهيرة من بداية ساعات 6 لمدة سأعمل أنني أقول الجملة هذه في
المستقبل في به سأقوم الذي الفعل انتهاء مدة حددت أنني أي
• By noon time, I will have worked for 6 hours