Tense indicates the time or continuation of an action in relation to the time of speaking. The main tenses are past, present, and future. The past tense refers to events that occurred before now. There are several types of past tenses including past simple, past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous. The past simple describes completed actions in the past, the past continuous describes ongoing actions in the past, the past perfect describes actions that occurred before other past actions, and the past perfect continuous describes ongoing actions up until some point in the past. Each tense uses different verb forms and structures to indicate the specific relationship between the action and the past.

3. What is Tense

4. TENSE :-
Tense is a verb-based method used to
indicate the time, and sometimes the continuation
or completeness, of an action or state in relation to
the time of speaking.
The word TENSE is Originated by a
Latin word called tempus which means “time”

5.  Types of Tenses
Past tense
Present tense
Future tense

7. PAST TENSE:-
The past tense is a grammatical
tense whose principal function is to place an
action or situation in past time
In languages which have a past
tense, it thus provides a grammatical means
of indicating that the event being referred to
took place in the past.
Examples of verbs in the past tense
include the English verbs Sang, went and
was.

8.  TYPES OF PAST TENSE
 PAST SIMPLE
 PAST CONTINUOUS
 PAST PERFECT
 PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

9.  PAST SIMPLE tense
The simple past, past simple or past
indefinite, sometimes called the preterite, is the
basic form of the past tense in Modern English. It is
used principally to describe events in the past,
although it also has some other uses. Regular English
verbs form the simple past in -ed; however there are a
few hundred irregular verbs with different forms.
= subject + v2 + object

10.  EXAMPLES
I was born in 1998.
If he walked faster, he would get home earlier
I was in Japan last year
She had a headache yesterday.
We did our homework last night.
Did he go to the cinema last night?
He didn't go to bed early last night
My parents came to visit me last July.
We didn't come because it was raining.
Did he come to your party last week?

11. The past continuous describes actions or
events in a time before now, which began
in the past and is still going on at the time
of speaking. In other words, it expresses
an unfinished or incomplete action in
the past.
=subject + “was / were” + (v+ing) +object
 Past continuous:

12.  They were waiting for the bus when the accident
happened.
 When the fire started I was watching television.
When we got to the house yesterday morning, the baby was
drinking the water.
Amith was cutting the grass the other day when the snake
appeared.
The sun was shining brightly in the afternoon
While we were playing tennis, it started to rain
I was listening to my music, so I didn't hear the phone ring.
While she was sleeping, someone took her phone.
 EXAMPLES

13. The past perfect refers to a time earlier
than before now. It is used to make it clear
that one event happened before
another in the past. It does not matter which
event is mentioned first - the tense makes it
clear which one happened first.
= subject + “had” + v2 +object
 Past Perfect tense

14.  I had saved my document.
She had met him before the party.
The plane had left by the time I got to the airport.
I had written the email before he apologized.
Gopal had wanted to see the movie, but he did not
have money for the ticket
They lost many of the games because they had not
practiced enough
I had fallen asleep before eight o'clock
The teacher asked if we had studied for the exam.
 EXAMPLES

15. The past perfect continuous corresponds
to the present perfect continuous, but with
reference to a time earlier than 'before now'.
= subject + “had been” + (v+ing) +object
 Past Perfect continuous tense

16. Had you been waiting long before the taxi
arrived?
It had been raining hard for several hours and
the streets were very wet.
 She had been watching the movie for two hours
 He had been studying in the university since 2012
 He had been working for a newspaper for five years
 They had been running their business since 1987
 He had not been eating vegetables for three years
 EXAMPLES