Citibank has been committed to communities around the world for 200 years. It operates in many countries and has a large presence in India. While providing financial services, Citibank also focuses on corporate social responsibility through programs like the Citi Foundation. It aims to address issues like poverty alleviation and financial inclusion. The document proposes transforming Citibank's CSR strategy in India to create shared value through a new microfinance program called CitiSashakti. This program would provide microloans to rural entrepreneurs and complement it with financial literacy programs and savings accounts to empower communities while also benefiting Citibank.
Role of microfinance in promoting micro entrepreneurshipVijayakumar Kumar
This document discusses the role of microfinance in promoting micro-entrepreneurship in India. It begins by defining key terms like microenterprise and microfinance. Microenterprises are very small businesses, often with just one employee owner, while microfinance provides small loans and other financial services to the poor. The document then outlines the various models of microfinance that have been implemented in India, including self-help groups linked to banks. It argues that microenterprises are important for employment generation and poverty alleviation in rural areas. Access to microfinance can play a key role in meeting the credit needs of the rural poor to start micro-businesses.
“A study on the awareness of microfinance institutions in Ahmedabad.”Vatsal Patel
This document provides an overview of the microfinance industry in India. It discusses the history and evolution of microfinance starting from ancient concepts of small loans to the poor up to modern institutions like Grameen Bank. It outlines the major players in India's microfinance sector and how they have contributed to GDP growth. Some key trends are the diversification of services offered beyond loans, specialization in certain industries, and new channels for clients like branchless banking. The microfinance industry in India saw strong growth in recent years, with gross loan portfolios increasing 38% in fiscal year 2018-2019 and continued growth of loan accounts and funding.
Indiamicrofinance.com I Guide To Success I Biswa MicrofinanceIndia Microfinance
http://www.indiamicrofinance.com/
A training Manual of Biswa Microfinance which provides an introduction about the organisation and a weekly planner for the company's employees.
role of financial instituttion in providing microfinanceSrideviHV
This document discusses the role of financial institutions in providing microfinance to entrepreneurs in India. It outlines how microfinance started in India in the 1970s to provide loans and credit to individuals. Today, both banks and non-banking financial corporations offer microfinance through loans, which aim to help people escape poverty by supporting small businesses and farming. However, microfinance institutions face challenges including high costs of funds, lack of expertise and infrastructure, and issues managing data. The document provides suggestions such as seeking alternative funding sources and using improved technology and data management to help overcome these challenges.
The document discusses microfinance in India. It notes that while India's economy grew rapidly in recent years, this growth did not improve living standards for the poor. Microfinance aims to provide financial services to low-income individuals who lack access to traditional banking. Key organizations in microfinance in India include self-help groups linked to banks, as well as large microfinance institutions that are beginning to partner with major banks and access capital markets. The microfinance sector has grown rapidly but still faces challenges in reaching all those in need and balancing social and profit motives as the industry professionalizes and expands.
Smile Foundation is a national development organization in India that focuses on education, healthcare, and livelihood projects for underprivileged children and youth. Founded in 2002, it operates 130 projects across 21 states in India, directly benefiting over 100,000 individuals. The organization partners with over 70 major companies, including 6 Fortune 500 brands, to fund its work empowering communities through education.
The role of microfinance institutions in the development of small and medium ...Alexander Decker
- The document discusses the role of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in developing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ethiopia, using the Amhara Credit and Savings Institution (ACSI) as a case study.
- It aims to investigate whether ACSI helps its members develop their businesses and if members have reasonable access to microfinancing.
- The literature review covers concepts like microfinance, SME growth and development, types of microenterprises, how MFIs supply services, and factors that influence business capital structures.
Microfinance began in the 1970s when Muhammad Yunus lent money to poor villagers in Bangladesh. It has since spread globally and helped millions of poor people access small loans and other financial services. While microfinance has been successful in some areas, it also faces challenges in accurately assessing risk, enforcing repayment, and reaching the very poor who lack collateral. In China, microfinance is less developed than other Asian nations despite significant pockets of rural poverty. The absence of civil society organizations and a supportive regulatory environment have hindered the growth of microfinance there.
Role of microfinance in promoting micro entrepreneurshipVijayakumar Kumar
This document discusses the role of microfinance in promoting micro-entrepreneurship in India. It begins by defining key terms like microenterprise and microfinance. Microenterprises are very small businesses, often with just one employee owner, while microfinance provides small loans and other financial services to the poor. The document then outlines the various models of microfinance that have been implemented in India, including self-help groups linked to banks. It argues that microenterprises are important for employment generation and poverty alleviation in rural areas. Access to microfinance can play a key role in meeting the credit needs of the rural poor to start micro-businesses.
“A study on the awareness of microfinance institutions in Ahmedabad.”Vatsal Patel
This document provides an overview of the microfinance industry in India. It discusses the history and evolution of microfinance starting from ancient concepts of small loans to the poor up to modern institutions like Grameen Bank. It outlines the major players in India's microfinance sector and how they have contributed to GDP growth. Some key trends are the diversification of services offered beyond loans, specialization in certain industries, and new channels for clients like branchless banking. The microfinance industry in India saw strong growth in recent years, with gross loan portfolios increasing 38% in fiscal year 2018-2019 and continued growth of loan accounts and funding.
Indiamicrofinance.com I Guide To Success I Biswa MicrofinanceIndia Microfinance
http://www.indiamicrofinance.com/
A training Manual of Biswa Microfinance which provides an introduction about the organisation and a weekly planner for the company's employees.
role of financial instituttion in providing microfinanceSrideviHV
This document discusses the role of financial institutions in providing microfinance to entrepreneurs in India. It outlines how microfinance started in India in the 1970s to provide loans and credit to individuals. Today, both banks and non-banking financial corporations offer microfinance through loans, which aim to help people escape poverty by supporting small businesses and farming. However, microfinance institutions face challenges including high costs of funds, lack of expertise and infrastructure, and issues managing data. The document provides suggestions such as seeking alternative funding sources and using improved technology and data management to help overcome these challenges.
The document discusses microfinance in India. It notes that while India's economy grew rapidly in recent years, this growth did not improve living standards for the poor. Microfinance aims to provide financial services to low-income individuals who lack access to traditional banking. Key organizations in microfinance in India include self-help groups linked to banks, as well as large microfinance institutions that are beginning to partner with major banks and access capital markets. The microfinance sector has grown rapidly but still faces challenges in reaching all those in need and balancing social and profit motives as the industry professionalizes and expands.
Smile Foundation is a national development organization in India that focuses on education, healthcare, and livelihood projects for underprivileged children and youth. Founded in 2002, it operates 130 projects across 21 states in India, directly benefiting over 100,000 individuals. The organization partners with over 70 major companies, including 6 Fortune 500 brands, to fund its work empowering communities through education.
The role of microfinance institutions in the development of small and medium ...Alexander Decker
- The document discusses the role of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in developing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ethiopia, using the Amhara Credit and Savings Institution (ACSI) as a case study.
- It aims to investigate whether ACSI helps its members develop their businesses and if members have reasonable access to microfinancing.
- The literature review covers concepts like microfinance, SME growth and development, types of microenterprises, how MFIs supply services, and factors that influence business capital structures.
Microfinance began in the 1970s when Muhammad Yunus lent money to poor villagers in Bangladesh. It has since spread globally and helped millions of poor people access small loans and other financial services. While microfinance has been successful in some areas, it also faces challenges in accurately assessing risk, enforcing repayment, and reaching the very poor who lack collateral. In China, microfinance is less developed than other Asian nations despite significant pockets of rural poverty. The absence of civil society organizations and a supportive regulatory environment have hindered the growth of microfinance there.
Microfinance in India provides financial services like credit, savings and insurance to low-income groups. It started in the 1980s with self-help groups that provided small loans. Today, microfinance reaches over 100 million Indians through programs like self-help group banking and microfinance institutions. While it has helped encourage entrepreneurship and empowered women, microfinance in India faces challenges of high costs, lack of capital for lenders, and an inability of borrowers to provide collateral. However, it also presents opportunities to reach the large low-income customer base through financial inclusion, innovation and products tailored for their needs.
Elevating Your Corporate Social Responsibility Communication EffortAniisu K Verghese
This document provides guidance on elevating corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication efforts. It begins by outlining how global CSR trends can impact organizations and what can be learned from research and best practices. It then discusses how to support volunteers' understanding of their role and the steps they can take to promote the company brand through CSR activities. The document provides examples of effective CSR communication from various companies and studies. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of alignment, partnership, communication strategy, and follow up in empowering CSR leaders and volunteers.
Microfinance is defined as providing financial services like credit, savings, and insurance to low-income individuals and those below the poverty line, with the goal of poverty alleviation and improving livelihoods. Microfinance is typically delivered through self-help groups and used by individuals to promote self-employment, such as starting small businesses. It aims to empower the poorest in society, especially women. In India, microfinance is dominated by self-help group bank linkage programs to provide affordable financial services to the poor. While microfinance has helped increase incomes and education for many clients, limitations remain around maximizing its contribution to women's empowerment.
The impact of microfinance on living standards, empowerment and poverty allev...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study on the impact of microfinance on living standards, empowerment, and poverty alleviation among poor people in Ethiopia, using clients of Amhara Credit and Savings Institution (ACSI) as a case study. The study used questionnaires distributed to 150 ACSI clients in Debratabor and Estie branches to assess changes in factors like income, education, nutrition, and savings before and after using microfinance services. The results showed microfinance led to increased income, children being sent to school, ability to pay medical bills and feed families, and savings to cope with future crises. Overall, microfinance seemed to improve living standards and empower clients economically and socially.
Microfinance has positively impacted rural development in Assam. The study analyzed 10 microfinance institutions in Kamrup and Cachar districts of Assam. It found that microfinance has improved standards of living and empowered women by providing loans, savings opportunities, and financial services. However, more government support is still needed to develop infrastructure, train personnel, and support small MFIs in remote areas of Assam. Overall, microfinance has shown potential for reducing poverty but could be more effective with technological innovations to improve access in rural communities.
This document summarizes the results of a study on the role of microcredit in reducing women's poverty in Ethiopia through three microfinance institutions. The study found that:
1) The microfinance institutions did not adequately target poor women, as average loan balances were above 20% of per capita income.
2) Loan sizes were small and repayment schedules were too frequent, limiting their impact.
3) Women predominantly used loans for consumption and low-return businesses like food preparation, rather than higher-return investments.
4) While some positive impacts like increased consumption were found, microcredit did not significantly increase women's income, employment, or savings overall. The document recommends that microfinance institutions in Ethiop
women empowerment through micro financesonamjayaswal
The document discusses microfinance and its role in empowering women. Microfinance provides financial services to low-income clients through mechanisms like self-help groups. It aims to increase women's income, access to markets, and participation in household decisions. Studies show microfinance contributes to women's empowerment through increased self-confidence, participation in community and political activities, and decision making power within the household. However, microfinance alone cannot alleviate poverty and programs must address challenges like reinforcing traditional gender roles and increasing women's time burdens to maximize empowerment benefits.
Financial Inclusion: Are Nigerian Banks Getting it Right?CSR-in-Action
The term ‘financial inclusion’ has gained momentum in the Nigerian banking industry since the inception of the Nigerian Sustainable Banking Principles (NSBP) by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in the year 2012. But are Nigerian banks really in the true path of financial inclusion or inclusive banking?
Microfinance in India has evolved over three phases from 1960 to today:
1) Social banking phase from 1960-1980 focused on expanding rural branch networks.
2) Financial systems approach from 1990-2000 saw the emergence of NGO-MFIs and self-help groups.
3) Current phase of financial inclusion since 2000 features MFIs partnering with diverse entities and increased policy regulation.
The microfinance industry in India is dominated by self-help groups initiated by NABARD and MFIs that emerged in the late 1990s to provide financial services to low-income individuals through mechanisms like group lending.
Effect of the youth enterprise development fund on youth enterprises in kenyafredrickaila
This document summarizes a study on the effect of the Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) on youth enterprises in Kenya. Some key findings from the study include:
1) The study found that the YEDF has not had a significant effect on youth enterprises based on a regression analysis of the relationship between applicants and beneficiaries.
2) Few youth received loans, with only 15% of respondents having applied and feeling the loan was sufficient for their business needs.
3) The average loan amounts disbursed ranged from 20,000 to 52,000 Kenyan shillings in the different constituencies, but this explained little variation in the number of beneficiaries.
4) Repayment of loans was
This document discusses empowering women through self-help groups and the role of distance education. It begins by outlining the concept and models of self-help groups as instruments of economic empowerment. It then discusses the progress of the SHG bank linkage model in India, noting that over 717,000 SHGs have been linked to banks. The document concludes that while microfinancing through SHGs has empowered women economically, lack of education can be a barrier, and governments should link distance education opportunities to SHG membership to further empowerment.
Role of Self-Help Groups in Empowering Rural Women: A case study on selected ...iosrjce
Micro finance is emerging as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation in India. This approach has
recognition in India after the launch of SHGs and Bank linkage programme by NABARD in the year 1992.
According to United Nations, micro finance institutions are the basic provider of small savings, micro credit
and other basic financial services to poor and marginalised section like women. Despite substantial
contributions of women to both household and national economy, their contributions are not recognised in the
society. Rapid progress in SHGs and Bank linkage model has now turned into an empowerment movement
among women in the country. From various empirical studies, it is found that micro finance through SHGs and
Bank linkage model has enabled the members of SHGs to improve their socio-economic status. It also improves
family savings, decision making process, self confidence among women section of our society. Micro finance is
also necessary to overcome social exploitation and create confidence for self reliance among rural women and
poor section of our society. Apart from the informal financial institutions, the formal and semi formal sectors
also are taking much interest in providing micro finance to rural women in Assam. These financial institutions
not only provide small savings and micro credit to women but bringing them together in organised banking
sector. This paper highlights that micro finance through SHGs has a positive role in income, savings and
investment of women in Rani Block of Kamrup District of Assam
This document discusses a study on empowering women through microfinance in Lebanon. The study found that microfinance positively influenced women's decision-making power and socio-economic status by making them financially independent and allowing them to increase household income. The study revealed that microfinance is an effective tool for women's empowerment in Lebanon by enhancing their economic security and role in household and family decision making. The conclusion suggests further studies on the impact of culture on women's empowerment through microfinance in Lebanon's diverse population would be valuable.
This paper has referred to research done over the years and tries to study the trend of average
amount of loan disbursed to SHGs, amount of bank loans outstanding and its associated gross NPA from 2015
to 2020, agent-wise
In 2002, driven by an impetus to improve the lives of disadvantaged children, families, and women, a group of corporate leaders founded Smile Foundation of India. This non-governmental organization (NGO) supports, advocates for, and funds myriad grassroots initiatives, on the premise that citizens cannot rely on the government alone to solve problems related to social inequality, sustainability, and the environment.
Microfinance provides financial services to low-income individuals who lack access to traditional banking services. It began in the 1970s when Muhammad Yunus pioneered the concept of lending small amounts to groups of poor women in Bangladesh without collateral. This joint liability model produced very high repayment rates. Yunus went on to establish Grameen Bank based on this group lending approach. Microfinance has since expanded globally and within India, supported by the establishment of organizations like NABARD, SEWA, and SIDBI to promote self-help groups and connect them to banking institutions.
Ethics Commitment in Microfinance and Shariah Microfinance InstitutionMercu Buana University
This document summarizes an article that discusses ethics commitment in microfinance institutions (MFIs), both conventional and Sharia-compliant. It begins by outlining some common ethics violations by MFIs, such as social discrimination, lack of transparency, and high interest rates. It then proposes four pillars of ethical commitment - legal/formal ethics, transparency, community benefit, and widespread access - as solutions. Next, it analyzes how principles of Sharia, such as maslahah (benefit), khalifah (stewardship), and justice, align with implementing ethics in Islamic MFIs. The document concludes by noting that the major challenge for ethical MFIs is obtaining affordable funding to serve the poor
This document provides a synopsis for a thesis that will examine the socio-economic development of women in self-help groups (SHGs) operated by four charitable non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in four villages across Tamil Nadu, India. The study aims to compare the performance of SHGs and identify factors for their success or challenges. A sample of 400 SHG women will be surveyed across the villages of Vannar Pettai, Manonjapatty, Palaa Vedu, and Samiyar Thottam, which are served by NGOs in Trichy, Thanjavur, Thiruvallur, and Chennai districts, respectively. Statistical tests will analyze the impact of SH
This document provides an overview of literature related to self-help groups and microfinance. It discusses concepts such as self-help groups, microfinance, and sustainable rural development. It also reviews literature on the positive impacts of self-help groups such as increased income and assets, as well as the role of non-governmental organizations in rural development. The literature presented suggests that self-help groups and microfinance can effectively promote empowerment, livelihoods, and development for rural communities.
Role of microfinance institution of pakistan for poverty alleviationMuhammad ALI RAZA
The document discusses microcredit as a tool for poverty alleviation in Pakistan. It provides background on various microfinance institutions and programs in Pakistan, established since the 1980s by organizations like the Aga Khan Rural Support Programme and Sarhad Rural Support Programme. Studies have found that microcredit has helped create self-employment opportunities and lift people out of poverty by making them creditworthy. However, not all potential recipients in places like Dera Ismail Khan have taken advantage of microcredit due to lack of awareness, high interest rates, and insufficient loan amounts. The literature review discusses research evaluating the role of institutions like Khushali Bank and programs funded by PPAF in improving living conditions and quality of life for the poor in Khyber
The document summarizes Nestle's approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR). It discusses how CSR is an integral part of Nestle's business strategy and culture, with the goal of creating shared value for both the business and society. Key aspects of Nestle's CSR efforts include partnering with agricultural suppliers to improve yields and incomes, investing in employees and local communities, and ensuring products provide nutrition. CSR programs are tailored for each market and aim to meet UN Millennium Development Goals.
P&G's flagship CSR program is Shiksha, which has helped over 280,000 underprivileged children access education by building over 140 schools. Shiksha has donated over 22 crore rupees and works with partners like Save the Children India and the Army Wives Welfare Association to focus on critical education approaches. Through Shiksha, P&G addresses infrastructure needs like clean water, toilets, classrooms and libraries. P&G also provides disaster relief after events like tsunamis and earthquakes and the Parivartan program educates adolescent girls about menstruation hygiene to prevent missing school.
Microfinance in India provides financial services like credit, savings and insurance to low-income groups. It started in the 1980s with self-help groups that provided small loans. Today, microfinance reaches over 100 million Indians through programs like self-help group banking and microfinance institutions. While it has helped encourage entrepreneurship and empowered women, microfinance in India faces challenges of high costs, lack of capital for lenders, and an inability of borrowers to provide collateral. However, it also presents opportunities to reach the large low-income customer base through financial inclusion, innovation and products tailored for their needs.
Elevating Your Corporate Social Responsibility Communication EffortAniisu K Verghese
This document provides guidance on elevating corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication efforts. It begins by outlining how global CSR trends can impact organizations and what can be learned from research and best practices. It then discusses how to support volunteers' understanding of their role and the steps they can take to promote the company brand through CSR activities. The document provides examples of effective CSR communication from various companies and studies. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of alignment, partnership, communication strategy, and follow up in empowering CSR leaders and volunteers.
Microfinance is defined as providing financial services like credit, savings, and insurance to low-income individuals and those below the poverty line, with the goal of poverty alleviation and improving livelihoods. Microfinance is typically delivered through self-help groups and used by individuals to promote self-employment, such as starting small businesses. It aims to empower the poorest in society, especially women. In India, microfinance is dominated by self-help group bank linkage programs to provide affordable financial services to the poor. While microfinance has helped increase incomes and education for many clients, limitations remain around maximizing its contribution to women's empowerment.
The impact of microfinance on living standards, empowerment and poverty allev...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study on the impact of microfinance on living standards, empowerment, and poverty alleviation among poor people in Ethiopia, using clients of Amhara Credit and Savings Institution (ACSI) as a case study. The study used questionnaires distributed to 150 ACSI clients in Debratabor and Estie branches to assess changes in factors like income, education, nutrition, and savings before and after using microfinance services. The results showed microfinance led to increased income, children being sent to school, ability to pay medical bills and feed families, and savings to cope with future crises. Overall, microfinance seemed to improve living standards and empower clients economically and socially.
Microfinance has positively impacted rural development in Assam. The study analyzed 10 microfinance institutions in Kamrup and Cachar districts of Assam. It found that microfinance has improved standards of living and empowered women by providing loans, savings opportunities, and financial services. However, more government support is still needed to develop infrastructure, train personnel, and support small MFIs in remote areas of Assam. Overall, microfinance has shown potential for reducing poverty but could be more effective with technological innovations to improve access in rural communities.
This document summarizes the results of a study on the role of microcredit in reducing women's poverty in Ethiopia through three microfinance institutions. The study found that:
1) The microfinance institutions did not adequately target poor women, as average loan balances were above 20% of per capita income.
2) Loan sizes were small and repayment schedules were too frequent, limiting their impact.
3) Women predominantly used loans for consumption and low-return businesses like food preparation, rather than higher-return investments.
4) While some positive impacts like increased consumption were found, microcredit did not significantly increase women's income, employment, or savings overall. The document recommends that microfinance institutions in Ethiop
women empowerment through micro financesonamjayaswal
The document discusses microfinance and its role in empowering women. Microfinance provides financial services to low-income clients through mechanisms like self-help groups. It aims to increase women's income, access to markets, and participation in household decisions. Studies show microfinance contributes to women's empowerment through increased self-confidence, participation in community and political activities, and decision making power within the household. However, microfinance alone cannot alleviate poverty and programs must address challenges like reinforcing traditional gender roles and increasing women's time burdens to maximize empowerment benefits.
Financial Inclusion: Are Nigerian Banks Getting it Right?CSR-in-Action
The term ‘financial inclusion’ has gained momentum in the Nigerian banking industry since the inception of the Nigerian Sustainable Banking Principles (NSBP) by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in the year 2012. But are Nigerian banks really in the true path of financial inclusion or inclusive banking?
Microfinance in India has evolved over three phases from 1960 to today:
1) Social banking phase from 1960-1980 focused on expanding rural branch networks.
2) Financial systems approach from 1990-2000 saw the emergence of NGO-MFIs and self-help groups.
3) Current phase of financial inclusion since 2000 features MFIs partnering with diverse entities and increased policy regulation.
The microfinance industry in India is dominated by self-help groups initiated by NABARD and MFIs that emerged in the late 1990s to provide financial services to low-income individuals through mechanisms like group lending.
Effect of the youth enterprise development fund on youth enterprises in kenyafredrickaila
This document summarizes a study on the effect of the Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) on youth enterprises in Kenya. Some key findings from the study include:
1) The study found that the YEDF has not had a significant effect on youth enterprises based on a regression analysis of the relationship between applicants and beneficiaries.
2) Few youth received loans, with only 15% of respondents having applied and feeling the loan was sufficient for their business needs.
3) The average loan amounts disbursed ranged from 20,000 to 52,000 Kenyan shillings in the different constituencies, but this explained little variation in the number of beneficiaries.
4) Repayment of loans was
This document discusses empowering women through self-help groups and the role of distance education. It begins by outlining the concept and models of self-help groups as instruments of economic empowerment. It then discusses the progress of the SHG bank linkage model in India, noting that over 717,000 SHGs have been linked to banks. The document concludes that while microfinancing through SHGs has empowered women economically, lack of education can be a barrier, and governments should link distance education opportunities to SHG membership to further empowerment.
Role of Self-Help Groups in Empowering Rural Women: A case study on selected ...iosrjce
Micro finance is emerging as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation in India. This approach has
recognition in India after the launch of SHGs and Bank linkage programme by NABARD in the year 1992.
According to United Nations, micro finance institutions are the basic provider of small savings, micro credit
and other basic financial services to poor and marginalised section like women. Despite substantial
contributions of women to both household and national economy, their contributions are not recognised in the
society. Rapid progress in SHGs and Bank linkage model has now turned into an empowerment movement
among women in the country. From various empirical studies, it is found that micro finance through SHGs and
Bank linkage model has enabled the members of SHGs to improve their socio-economic status. It also improves
family savings, decision making process, self confidence among women section of our society. Micro finance is
also necessary to overcome social exploitation and create confidence for self reliance among rural women and
poor section of our society. Apart from the informal financial institutions, the formal and semi formal sectors
also are taking much interest in providing micro finance to rural women in Assam. These financial institutions
not only provide small savings and micro credit to women but bringing them together in organised banking
sector. This paper highlights that micro finance through SHGs has a positive role in income, savings and
investment of women in Rani Block of Kamrup District of Assam
This document discusses a study on empowering women through microfinance in Lebanon. The study found that microfinance positively influenced women's decision-making power and socio-economic status by making them financially independent and allowing them to increase household income. The study revealed that microfinance is an effective tool for women's empowerment in Lebanon by enhancing their economic security and role in household and family decision making. The conclusion suggests further studies on the impact of culture on women's empowerment through microfinance in Lebanon's diverse population would be valuable.
This paper has referred to research done over the years and tries to study the trend of average
amount of loan disbursed to SHGs, amount of bank loans outstanding and its associated gross NPA from 2015
to 2020, agent-wise
In 2002, driven by an impetus to improve the lives of disadvantaged children, families, and women, a group of corporate leaders founded Smile Foundation of India. This non-governmental organization (NGO) supports, advocates for, and funds myriad grassroots initiatives, on the premise that citizens cannot rely on the government alone to solve problems related to social inequality, sustainability, and the environment.
Microfinance provides financial services to low-income individuals who lack access to traditional banking services. It began in the 1970s when Muhammad Yunus pioneered the concept of lending small amounts to groups of poor women in Bangladesh without collateral. This joint liability model produced very high repayment rates. Yunus went on to establish Grameen Bank based on this group lending approach. Microfinance has since expanded globally and within India, supported by the establishment of organizations like NABARD, SEWA, and SIDBI to promote self-help groups and connect them to banking institutions.
Ethics Commitment in Microfinance and Shariah Microfinance InstitutionMercu Buana University
This document summarizes an article that discusses ethics commitment in microfinance institutions (MFIs), both conventional and Sharia-compliant. It begins by outlining some common ethics violations by MFIs, such as social discrimination, lack of transparency, and high interest rates. It then proposes four pillars of ethical commitment - legal/formal ethics, transparency, community benefit, and widespread access - as solutions. Next, it analyzes how principles of Sharia, such as maslahah (benefit), khalifah (stewardship), and justice, align with implementing ethics in Islamic MFIs. The document concludes by noting that the major challenge for ethical MFIs is obtaining affordable funding to serve the poor
This document provides a synopsis for a thesis that will examine the socio-economic development of women in self-help groups (SHGs) operated by four charitable non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in four villages across Tamil Nadu, India. The study aims to compare the performance of SHGs and identify factors for their success or challenges. A sample of 400 SHG women will be surveyed across the villages of Vannar Pettai, Manonjapatty, Palaa Vedu, and Samiyar Thottam, which are served by NGOs in Trichy, Thanjavur, Thiruvallur, and Chennai districts, respectively. Statistical tests will analyze the impact of SH
This document provides an overview of literature related to self-help groups and microfinance. It discusses concepts such as self-help groups, microfinance, and sustainable rural development. It also reviews literature on the positive impacts of self-help groups such as increased income and assets, as well as the role of non-governmental organizations in rural development. The literature presented suggests that self-help groups and microfinance can effectively promote empowerment, livelihoods, and development for rural communities.
Role of microfinance institution of pakistan for poverty alleviationMuhammad ALI RAZA
The document discusses microcredit as a tool for poverty alleviation in Pakistan. It provides background on various microfinance institutions and programs in Pakistan, established since the 1980s by organizations like the Aga Khan Rural Support Programme and Sarhad Rural Support Programme. Studies have found that microcredit has helped create self-employment opportunities and lift people out of poverty by making them creditworthy. However, not all potential recipients in places like Dera Ismail Khan have taken advantage of microcredit due to lack of awareness, high interest rates, and insufficient loan amounts. The literature review discusses research evaluating the role of institutions like Khushali Bank and programs funded by PPAF in improving living conditions and quality of life for the poor in Khyber
The document summarizes Nestle's approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR). It discusses how CSR is an integral part of Nestle's business strategy and culture, with the goal of creating shared value for both the business and society. Key aspects of Nestle's CSR efforts include partnering with agricultural suppliers to improve yields and incomes, investing in employees and local communities, and ensuring products provide nutrition. CSR programs are tailored for each market and aim to meet UN Millennium Development Goals.
P&G's flagship CSR program is Shiksha, which has helped over 280,000 underprivileged children access education by building over 140 schools. Shiksha has donated over 22 crore rupees and works with partners like Save the Children India and the Army Wives Welfare Association to focus on critical education approaches. Through Shiksha, P&G addresses infrastructure needs like clean water, toilets, classrooms and libraries. P&G also provides disaster relief after events like tsunamis and earthquakes and the Parivartan program educates adolescent girls about menstruation hygiene to prevent missing school.
H&M is a major global retailer established in 1947 that operates over 2000 stores across 37 markets. It focuses on fashion and quality at affordable prices without owning any factories, instead working with over 700 independent suppliers. H&M has faced criticism over working conditions and environmental impact but has increasingly focused on sustainability through initiatives like a code of conduct for suppliers, reducing carbon emissions, and increasing use of organic cotton in its products. It communicates its sustainability efforts through its website, reporting, and partnerships with organizations like UNICEF to manage risks, position itself positively in the market, and be more strategically involved with stakeholders.
Nestlé is the world's largest food company, employing over 2 million people globally and present in 81 countries. Founded in Switzerland in 1867 by Henri Nestlé, it began by developing the first milk-based baby formula and has since grown significantly through acquisitions and mergers, now offering over 700 products. Nestlé's mission is to be the leading food company in the world through innovation with health and wellness in mind.
This document provides an overview of Procter & Gamble's corporate social responsibility initiatives and history. It defines CSR as a company's obligation to benefit society beyond profit-seeking. P&G was founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble in Cincinnati, Ohio and has grown to a $83 billion global corporation. The document discusses P&G's early CSR efforts, current sustainability initiatives, successes in areas like environment and global outreach, and also notes some issues around alleged discrimination lawsuits.
Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility Recommendations for H&M, 2008Sustainable Fashion LA
This is a presentation my group put together for our Strategic CSR class. We were assigned the task of recommending a Sustainability Strategy that fit within the core business strategy of our our selected business.
What's really exciting is that H&M is actually starting to do this. Not on our recommendation, of course, but as a reaction to recent press around their practice of throwing unsold clothing into the trash.
As always in fashion, one man's trash...
Nestle was founded in 1866 and is now the world's largest food and beverage company. It has over 250,000 employees operating 511 factories across 86 countries. In India, Nestle focuses its corporate social responsibility efforts on nutrition, water and sanitation, and rural development. Key initiatives include improving nutrition awareness, increasing access to safe water, supporting sustainable farming, and employee volunteering. Nestle implements these programs through partnerships with NGOs, experts, and the government.
Nestle Philippines Incorporated is a large food manufacturing corporation established in 1983 that manufactures instant coffee, milk, and noodles. It has 497 employees and is committed to helping communities through various social programs, including agronomy assistance for coffee farmers since the 1960s, health and nutrition programs, education initiatives, and environmental protection projects. Nestle also supports corporate social responsibility programs related to agriculture, education, community development, and environmental preservation.
CitiBank leads Standard Chartered by 72% in the Share of Voice.Simplify360
The objective of this study was to understand the social media presence of banks in Singapore and which are the banks that are using this channel of communication to their advantage. In this research, four major banks in Singapore namely DBS, Citibank, OCBC and Standard Chartered Bank are considered. The conversations in social media are tracked from 1st July to 31st July for a period of one month. The study is based on total of 38,301 conversations are collected for the purpose of the study.
The document discusses financial inclusion in India. It defines financial inclusion as the delivery of affordable financial services to disadvantaged and low-income groups. The government and Reserve Bank of India have implemented several initiatives to promote financial inclusion, such as "no-frills" bank accounts, banking services through business correspondents, and electronic benefit transfers. However, full financial inclusion has not been achieved, as an estimated 560 million Indians still lack access to formal financial services. Innovative products, regulation, technology, and public-private partnerships are needed to make further progress on financial inclusion in India.
Financial inclusion by Joycee Wilson Dolare Joycee Pari
The document discusses financial inclusion in India. It defines financial inclusion as the delivery of affordable financial services to disadvantaged and low-income groups. The government and Reserve Bank of India have implemented several initiatives to promote financial inclusion, such as "no-frills" bank accounts, banking services through business correspondents, and electronic benefit transfers. However, full financial inclusion has not been achieved, as an estimated 560 million Indians still lack access to formal financial services. Innovative products, regulation, technology, and public-private partnerships are needed to make further progress on financial inclusion in India.
The document discusses microfinance in India. It defines microfinance as providing financial services like credit, savings, and insurance to low-income individuals. A variety of actors in India provide microfinance using different models. The goal is to create social value through poverty alleviation and improving livelihoods. Common microfinance activities include group lending, individual lending, savings, insurance, and capacity building.
Microfinance refers to providing small loans, savings opportunities, and other basic financial services to low-income individuals. The modern microfinance movement began in the 1970s by providing small loans to groups of poor women in Bangladesh, Brazil, and other countries. In India, an estimated 350 million people live below the poverty line, but only about 5% have access to microfinance due to high costs, lack of legal frameworks for microfinance institutions, and other barriers. Various models of microfinance have emerged and shown success in India, including self-help group bank linkage programs and wholesale banking models.
This document provides a summary of microfinance in India. It defines microfinance and outlines some of the key strategic policy initiatives taken by the Indian government to promote microfinance. It discusses various microfinance models used in India including self-help groups and analyses several large microfinance institutions operating in the country. The document also examines issues faced by the microfinance sector in India and factors contributing to the success of microfinance. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the microfinance landscape in India.
The document discusses financial inclusion in India and the Reserve Bank of India's efforts toward achieving it. It provides an overview of the objectives of financial inclusion, which include increasing savings, investment, and economic growth by bringing the unbanked masses into the formal banking system. It notes that while progress has been made, access to financial services remains limited. The Reserve Bank of India has adopted a structured approach focused on both supply-side and demand-side constraints, using banks as the main vehicles for inclusion but allowing partnerships with non-banks. More efforts are still needed to achieve universal financial inclusion across India.
Micro finance- P. SAI PRATHYUSHA ([PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY)SaiLakshmi115
Microfinance refers to the provision of small loans, savings, microinsurance, and funds transfer services to low-income individuals and small businesses who lack access to traditional banking services. It aims to help the poor generate income and lift themselves out of poverty by financing small entrepreneurial activities. Common microfinance providers include credit unions, commercial banks, NGOs, cooperatives, and specialized microfinance institutions. In India, microfinance has grown significantly since the 1970s with the emergence of self-help groups that are financed by banks and other organizations to provide credit to their members. Microfinance plays an important role in empowering women, generating employment, promoting financial inclusion, and driving overall economic development.
Microfinance provides small loans to poor and low-income individuals without collateral to help them engage in entrepreneurial activities or expand small businesses. It has proven effective at reducing poverty by empowering individuals, especially women, to become self-sufficient. In India, microfinance has grown rapidly in recent decades through self-help groups and microfinance institutions, reaching over 100 million people. However, there is still a large unmet demand and regulatory challenges around interest rates and appropriate legal structures remain.
This document provides an overview of financial inclusion strategies and technologies. It summarizes India's socio-economic landscape and the reasons for financial exclusion. It then outlines a feasible solution for financial inclusion through various financial instruments and technology solutions like self-service ATMs and mobile apps. Case studies from countries like the UK, Brazil, Kenya, China and India's own national rural financial inclusion plan are also presented to show best practices in promoting inclusive finance. The conclusion is that self-service technology solutions are essential to address the scalability and sustainability challenges of financial inclusion given the large unbanked population across vast geographies.
Do you want to implement a scalable and sustainable financial inclusion stra...Dr Lendy Spires
This document provides an overview of financial inclusion strategies and initiatives in India. It discusses the key role of government policies and technology solutions in promoting financial inclusion. Case studies from countries like the UK, Brazil, Kenya, China, and India's National Rural Financial Inclusion Plan are presented as examples of successful financial inclusion programs. The document concludes that self-service technology solutions will be essential to address the scalability and sustainability challenges of serving India's large unbanked population across vast geographies.
This document discusses microfinance and its role in providing financial services to low-income populations. It defines microfinance as the provision of small loans, savings opportunities, and other basic financial services to the poor. Microfinance helps the poor generate income through self-employment and smooth consumption. The major models of microfinance delivery in India are the self-help group (SHG) bank linkage model and non-banking financial companies (NBFCs). The SHG model involves groups of women saving regularly and taking small loans, with banks later providing larger loans. NBFCs encourage joint liability groups (JLGs) and make individual loans to members.
This document discusses microfinance and poverty alleviation in India. It begins with the executive summary which provides background on microfinance models in India such as the Grameen system and self help group (SHG) model. It then covers various topics such as the need for microfinance in India given high poverty levels, different microfinance models used, and the role of SHGs and banks in expanding microfinance access. The document aims to analyze the effectiveness of existing microfinance models in alleviating poverty in India.
India with 300 million people still living below the poverty line needs measures to uplift the status of these people. Financial inclusion and provision of micro credit to poor households has been one of such programmes which gained popularity with many benefits. Financial inclusion is the delivery of banking services at an affordable cost to the vast sections of disadvantaged and low income groups. Only 49% of the farmer households in rural India are having transactions with banks which suggests the fact that 51% are excluded from financial assistance. Micro Finance programmes have become one of the more promising ways of providing developmental finance to achieve the objectives of poverty eradication. One of the most important models of micro finance models is the development of Self Help Groups to achieve the long cherished objective of rural development and poverty alleviation. Through this paper it is proposed to evaluate the contribution of micro finance programmes especially Self Help Groups to the achievement of inclusive growth. This paper also includes two cases of SHGs working in Hyderabad and Nizamabad of Andhra Pradesh to project the reasons for success/ failure of the groups.
Knocking out Poverty with Peer-to-Peer LendingThoughtBerg FSP
Ram sharing about RangDe's work in Knocking out Poverty with Peer-to-Peer Lending using micro-credit at 2010 ThoughtBerg's Campus Ambassadors boot-camp
Microfinance refers to small-scale financial services like credit and deposits provided to low-income individuals who lack access to traditional banking services. It aims to help the poor become self-sufficient through saving, borrowing, and insurance. Traditional banks are reluctant to serve the poor due to high costs of small loans and lack of collateral. As a result, the poor rely on expensive money lenders. Microfinance helps address this need by providing affordable credit and financial services to the poor. It helps increase incomes, smooth cash flows, manage risks, support micro-enterprises, and empower women. Common microfinance models include self-help groups, community banking, and non-profit organizations. Features include group lending, minimal collateral, and gradually
This document provides an overview and history of microfinance. It discusses the evolution of microfinance concepts in the late 1970s and pioneering institutions in microfinance like ACCION International, SEWA Bank, and Grameen Bank. It also outlines the student's learning from their microfinance research project and internship with KDS MFI, including understanding microfinance regulation, models, management, and how microfinance can improve livelihoods. The document contains the student's report outline, which will analyze topics like the need for microfinance in India, strategies for coordinating microfinance efforts, and the future of the industry.
The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb PlatformSabaaSudozai
BriansClub.cm, a famous platform on the dark web, has become one of the most infamous carding marketplaces, specializing in the sale of stolen credit card data.
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Brian Fitzsimmons on the Business Strategy and Content Flywheel of Barstool S...Neil Horowitz
On episode 272 of the Digital and Social Media Sports Podcast, Neil chatted with Brian Fitzsimmons, Director of Licensing and Business Development for Barstool Sports.
What follows is a collection of snippets from the podcast. To hear the full interview and more, check out the podcast on all podcast platforms and at www.dsmsports.net
4 Benefits of Partnering with an OnlyFans Agency for Content Creators.pdfonlyfansmanagedau
In the competitive world of content creation, standing out and maximising revenue on platforms like OnlyFans can be challenging. This is where partnering with an OnlyFans agency can make a significant difference. Here are five key benefits for content creators considering this option:
NIMA2024 | De toegevoegde waarde van DEI en ESG in campagnes | Nathalie Lam |...BBPMedia1
Nathalie zal delen hoe DEI en ESG een fundamentele rol kunnen spelen in je merkstrategie en je de juiste aansluiting kan creëren met je doelgroep. Door middel van voorbeelden en simpele handvatten toont ze hoe dit in jouw organisatie toegepast kan worden.
How are Lilac French Bulldogs Beauty Charming the World and Capturing Hearts....Lacey Max
“After being the most listed dog breed in the United States for 31
years in a row, the Labrador Retriever has dropped to second place
in the American Kennel Club's annual survey of the country's most
popular canines. The French Bulldog is the new top dog in the
United States as of 2022. The stylish puppy has ascended the
rankings in rapid time despite having health concerns and limited
color choices.”
The APCO Geopolitical Radar - Q3 2024 The Global Operating Environment for Bu...APCO
The Radar reflects input from APCO’s teams located around the world. It distils a host of interconnected events and trends into insights to inform operational and strategic decisions. Issues covered in this edition include:
Navigating the world of forex trading can be challenging, especially for beginners. To help you make an informed decision, we have comprehensively compared the best forex brokers in India for 2024. This article, reviewed by Top Forex Brokers Review, will cover featured award winners, the best forex brokers, featured offers, the best copy trading platforms, the best forex brokers for beginners, the best MetaTrader brokers, and recently updated reviews. We will focus on FP Markets, Black Bull, EightCap, IC Markets, and Octa.
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
These materials are perfect for enhancing your business or classroom presentations, offering visual aids to supplement your insights. Please note that while comprehensive, these slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be complete for standalone instructional purposes.
Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
Part 2 Deep Dive: Navigating the 2024 Slowdownjeffkluth1
Introduction
The global retail industry has weathered numerous storms, with the financial crisis of 2008 serving as a poignant reminder of the sector's resilience and adaptability. However, as we navigate the complex landscape of 2024, retailers face a unique set of challenges that demand innovative strategies and a fundamental shift in mindset. This white paper contrasts the impact of the 2008 recession on the retail sector with the current headwinds retailers are grappling with, while offering a comprehensive roadmap for success in this new paradigm.
Discover timeless style with the 2022 Vintage Roman Numerals Men's Ring. Crafted from premium stainless steel, this 6mm wide ring embodies elegance and durability. Perfect as a gift, it seamlessly blends classic Roman numeral detailing with modern sophistication, making it an ideal accessory for any occasion.
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[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This PowerPoint compilation offers a comprehensive overview of 20 leading innovation management frameworks and methodologies, selected for their broad applicability across various industries and organizational contexts. These frameworks are valuable resources for a wide range of users, including business professionals, educators, and consultants.
Each framework is presented with visually engaging diagrams and templates, ensuring the content is both informative and appealing. While this compilation is thorough, please note that the slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be sufficient for standalone instructional purposes.
This compilation is ideal for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of innovation management and drive meaningful change within their organization. Whether you aim to improve product development processes, enhance customer experiences, or drive digital transformation, these frameworks offer valuable insights and tools to help you achieve your goals.
INCLUDED FRAMEWORKS/MODELS:
1. Stanford’s Design Thinking
2. IDEO’s Human-Centered Design
3. Strategyzer’s Business Model Innovation
4. Lean Startup Methodology
5. Agile Innovation Framework
6. Doblin’s Ten Types of Innovation
7. McKinsey’s Three Horizons of Growth
8. Customer Journey Map
9. Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory
10. Blue Ocean Strategy
11. Strategyn’s Jobs-To-Be-Done (JTBD) Framework with Job Map
12. Design Sprint Framework
13. The Double Diamond
14. Lean Six Sigma DMAIC
15. TRIZ Problem-Solving Framework
16. Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats
17. Stage-Gate Model
18. Toyota’s Six Steps of Kaizen
19. Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
20. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
𝐔𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐢𝐥 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐮𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐄𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐲 𝐄𝐟𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐍𝐄𝐖𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐃𝐄’𝐬 𝐋𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐎𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬
Explore the details in our newly released product manual, which showcases NEWNTIDE's advanced heat pump technologies. Delve into our energy-efficient and eco-friendly solutions tailored for diverse global markets.
Cover Story - China's Investment Leader - Dr. Alyce SUmsthrill
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
Presentation by Herman Kienhuis (Curiosity VC) on Investing in AI for ABS Alu...Herman Kienhuis
Presentation by Herman Kienhuis (Curiosity VC) on developments in AI, the venture capital investment landscape and Curiosity VC's approach to investing, at the alumni event of Amsterdam Business School (University of Amsterdam) on June 13, 2024 in Amsterdam.
Profiles of Iconic Fashion Personalities.pdfTTop Threads
The fashion industry is dynamic and ever-changing, continuously sculpted by trailblazing visionaries who challenge norms and redefine beauty. This document delves into the profiles of some of the most iconic fashion personalities whose impact has left a lasting impression on the industry. From timeless designers to modern-day influencers, each individual has uniquely woven their thread into the rich fabric of fashion history, contributing to its ongoing evolution.
2. Citibank:
200 years of commitment
all over the world
“Wherever people come together
to imagine something, create
something, build something,
we're there to help make it real” 1
.
That’s the promise that Citibank, one of
the largest and most influential banks,
makes to the world. In the last 200 years,
this institution has grown to be part of the
top 20 global banks list2
; something that
has enabled it to help its clients to imagine,
create and build everywhere.
The bank has presence all around the globe
with branches in almost every country. One
of the countries with the largest presence is,
without doubt, India. Citi started operations
in the country more than a century ago and
«today is a significant foreign investor in
the Indian financial market». Furthermore,
as promoter-shareholder, “Citi has played
a leading role in establishing important
market intermediaries such as depositories,
credit bureau, clearing and payment
institutions”. However, Citibank India,
following the pattern of the global brand, is
also committed to other aspects beyond the
economical one: also committed to other
aspects beyond the economical one:
Citi India is committed to enabling socio
economic progress in the communities where we
live and work. The Corporate Citizenship function
is the umbrella entity for all corporate social
responsibility activities undertaken by Citi India,
and is an important and integral element of the
daily functioning across the organization. We
continually strive to be active participants and
contributors to the well-being of the community
in which we live and work. Each year, we identify
and endeavor to support the nation’s priorities, be
they education, empowerment, or environmental
sustainability3
.
According to a World Bank study, one in three of the
world’s poorest people are living in India, one of the fastest
growing economies globally speaking4
. Furthermore, its
population is expected to reach 1.5 billion, so this country
will become the world's largest nation before 2030.
However, “its economy is not growing fast enough to create
the 20 million new jobs per year they will need to prevent
poverty increasing further”5
.
3. India has recently been
a “natural candidate
for experimenting with
microfinance as a tool for
poverty alleviation”.
Not in vain, the microcredit concept
is directly linked to empower those
with a less privileged social status.
According to Professor V. K. Sapovadia
(School of Business Management at
Gujarat University), “the principles
of microfinance are founded on the
philosophy of cooperation and its central
values of equality, equity and mutual
self-help. At the heart of these principles
are the concept of human development
and the brotherhood of man expressed
through people working together to
achieve a better life for themselves and
their children”6
. From a more financial
perspective, we can conclude that:
The meaning of microfinance is
supplying micro credit to people
living in abject poverty and has
no reach to the conventional
and formal financial products. It
is an aid for them to engage in
productive activities or grow their
small businesses. Microfinance is
focused on availing the credit in a
standard manner. The downtrodden
people just need a diverse range of
financial products to build their own
business, be able to build assets and
maintain consumption and protect
themselves against risks7
.
80% of poverty
in India is in
rural areas
Micro Finance and human development:
understanding the correlation
4. If we take into account that almost 80%
of the poverty found in India is located
in the rural areas, we can understand the
increasing interest that microcredits and
microfinance are generating in these
parts of the country. The lack of access
to financial services and productive
resources is one of the main reasons
which explain the poverty levels.
In fact, the credit exclusion is really
severe in several regions of the country:
only 10 per cent or less out of 100
persons have access to credit. Thus,
in order to help people improve their
income and living standards, there has
been a notable growth in the number
of institutions which support the
development of microfinance.
However, most of these institutions are
public cooperative societies whose reach
and power is limited, mainly, because
of their size and the lack of resources.
Also, the formal banking sector has
had a limited impact on microfinance
or lending to the poor due to different
reasons, such as political pressure or
prudent practice policies. Therefore, we
can conclude that the current situation
is in an experimental phase and there
is still a lack of resources in terms of
microfinance.
“India has built
up a network of
rural banks that
is rare if not
unparalleled in
the world”.
5. They engage in a wide range of socially
responsible activities, from corporate
philanthropy, employee volunteer
programmes, and strategic training and
workshops for financial education. One
of the major avenues through which they
perform CSR activities is via the Citi
Foundation, the global umbrella foundation
of Citi Group, which “works to promote
economic progress and improve the lives of
people in low-income communities around
the world.”8
The objectives of the Citi Foundation are:
to increase financial inclusion, to create
and catalyze youth economic opportunities,
and to transform urban environments
by building economically vibrant cities.
In their 2014 Global Citizenship Report,
Citi stated that they are committed to
the communities they serve beyond their
business activities, “providing the tools,
platforms and technologies that expand
financial inclusion and empower the
workforce of tomorrow"9
.In order to achieve
this, the Citi Foundation has several core
Signature Programs, of which the most
notable are the following:
Better than Cash Alliance was founded
because of the need to integrate the world’s
poorest people (those who move within a
cash-only environment) into mainstream
economy and to provide them access to
affordable financial services. The Citi
Foundation has committed $1.5 million over
three years to launch the alliance, which
would focus on tech support and peer
1. Investing in Youth
Pathways to Progress is a global flagship
initiative that support Citi’s longtime vision
of supporting economic opportunities for the
youth and boosting their career readiness. It
is a three-year $50 million dollar endowment
to help low-income youth develop the skills
they need in order to compete and thrive in
today’s workplace10
.
2. Driving Financial Growth
and Inclusion in Low-Income
Communities
Citibank CSR
learning for electronic payment expertise.
Already, the alliance has helped bottom
of the pyramid markets around the world,
India included.
Specifically for Citi India, the Citi
Foundation aims to address the
country’s socio-economic challenges.
Their primary programme is the India
Innovation Grant – a unique initiative
that aims to encourage and accelerate
innovative financial inclusion for low-
income populations. Through this effort,
Citi Foundation invests up to INR 125
Million to support NGOs to develop new
and innovative financial education and
inclusion programs that are scalable and
replicable11
.
Citi India also puts value on diversity,
as shown via the Citi India Woman
Leader Award (CWLA), an initiative
aimed at recognizing, rewarding and
developing talent of women across
India’s best business school. Winners are
awarded a full tuition scholarship and the
opportunity to intern at Citi, learn from
Citi senior management, and participate
in capability building workshops.
Citibank has been very proactive
when it comes to CSR
6. Citi India Grant and
Outreach Portfolio:
Citi Microentrepreneurship
Awards (CMEA)
For the transformation of CSR to CSV,
we would like to put our focus on Citi
Foundation’s Micro Entrepreneurship
Awards: a Signature Program aimed at
raising awareness about the importance of
microentrepreneurship and microfinance
in supporting the financial inclusion
and economic empowerment of low-
income individuals12
. Since 2004, the
Citi Foundation has awarded innovative
entrepreneurs and microentrepreneurs for
their extraordinary efforts in gaining self-
sufficiency through the innovative use of
microfinance. The Foundation provides
awards of up to $9 million in cash prizes to
6,000 outstanding microentrepreneurs in
more than 30 countries13
. To date, they have
invested more than $17 million to support
the efforts of microfinance networks.
CMEA in India
For the Microentrepreneurship Awards in
India, Citi India specifically recognizes
individuals and small enterprises that
exhibit a superior ability to emerge from
below the poverty line and build self-
sustaining businesses, create employment,
and contribute meaningfully to their
communities. The Foundation implements
the awarding process together with a not-
for-profit organization called Partners in
Change. The awards are divided into several
categories: National Micro Entrepreneur
Award, Youth Entrepreneur, Community
Owned Enterprise, Green Entrepreneur,
and Innovative Entrepreneur. The winning
nominations are selected from across the
country’s four regions: East & North East,
West & Central, North, and South. In total,
the winners are presented with cash prizes
of up to INR 1.8million, their respective
trophies and citations.
Criticism of Citi’s CSR
It is true that Citibank and the Citi
Foundation are doing a great deal to
promote micro enterprises and put the
spotlight on local microentrepreneurs who
are helping to lift the economic fortunes
of their communities and bringing more
capital into their developing economies.
However, our criticism of their CSR
Signature Programs, specifically the
Microentrepreneurship Awards, is that this
activity consists only of sponsoring money
for the awards and grants. Furthermore,
sponsoring awards and corporate giving can
easily be dismissed as a mere PR exercise
in order to lift the image of the company.
They are not necessarily long-term and
sustainable programs, and do not add value
to the company’s economic value chain.
“Given the vast number of
individuals whose livelihood is
self-employment through micro-
enterprise, we know that the India
growth story needs an inclusive
financial ecosystem. By bringing the
marginalized into the mainstream,
microfinance has served this
endeavor well. The Citi Micro
Entrepreneur Awards not only
celebrate the achievements of those
who have accessed micro finance
to break the circle of poverty, they
serve as a symbol of hope for those
who continue to be in its grip."14
Mark T. Robinson, CEO, Citi South Asia
7. NEW CSV STRATEGY
Not all profits are equal. The new capitalism
as introduced by Porter15
focuses on profits
involving social purpose, creating a positive cycle
of prosperity for both company and community,
and enduring profits. CitiBank will create shared
value by reconceiving their current CSR strategy.
They will recreate their value proposition for
the community and create a new market for the
company.
We propose CitiSashakti as CitiBank India’s
flagship micro-lending program to encourage
rural entrepreneurship at the grassroots level.
Sashakti literally translates to “Empower” in
Hindi and is the central theme of this CSV
initiative. CitiBank will redirect the Citi Micro
Enterprise Award (CMEA) fund of INR 3.8
million to creating a micro financing platform in
conjugation with Citi Foundation.
8. The Fineprint
What is CITISashakti?
CitiSashakti offers micro loans:
1. Of up to INR 100,000 (~$1500)
2. For entrepreneurial ventures
3. In rural and semi-rural areas
4. to applicants from lower
socio- economic backgrounds
The loan process follows the minimax
theory- smaller loan amounts to a large
group of people.
How does it work?
The inspiration behind the initiative is
primarily social good. The micro loans will
typically be unsecured, with a nominal rate
of interest, long term-period payment plans
(up to 5 years depending on principal) with
flexible EMI options.
Moreover there will be SOPs like better rate
of interest for women entrepreneurs and
for group loans. This stems from the idea
of solidarity lending. It is a lending practice
where small groups borrow collectively and
group members encourage one another
to repay. It creates a system of trust and
lowers cost to company. Borrowers would
be offered flexible repayment terms to ensure
they are not unnecessarily burdened yet work
hard to ensure the payments are made.
CitiBank would appoint a collection agent
who will recover installments of the loan on
a weekly basis, this will not burden them
financially as the amount will be much more
manageable.
Borrowers will have the opportunity to
activate a complimentary savings bank
account with a free ATM card, allowing easy
direct withdrawals from the loan account.
These savings accounts will be accompanied
by better interests rates than the regular
savings accounts.
One of the contractual obligation that
the borrowers will have to abide by is the
promise to send their children to school.
India has a free primary and secondary
public education program. Hence this is not
a financial burden. This would ultimately
help India in not only prospering as a society
but also better reaching the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) [set by the
UN], which are to convert to the Sustainable
Development Goals after 2015.
Value for society
Poverty limits demand for products and
causes social degradation16
. CitiBank’s
CitiSashakti microlending program creates
an overarching value for society because it
brings financial security to a community that
is marginalized and financially isolated. One
of the ancillary services that the program
offers is free savings accounts with CitiBank
India. For an ‘unbanked’ community this is
a great opportunity to secure their finances
and develop a habit of saving. Citi would
provide free financial literacy services as a
supplementary service to their borrowers.
Financial inclusion is an essential form of
societal development for rural India, where
the concept of traditional banking is largely
unknown and underutilized.
Besides receiving a free of cost ATM card
and better rate of interest on their loan upon
opening their savings account, the borrower
will also receive guidance on pertinent and
relevant issues such as:
• How to use an ATM
• Mobile and SMS banking
• Budget and funds management
• Fringe benefits like security of money and
interest on deposited amount
We believe that over time, this will help
create a society that knows and values the
benefits of banking over generations, of
course if a parent gets into the habit of using
secure and traditional banking methods,
they will pass those traits on to their children
and close family members as well.
Overall, this micro lending program is
meant to empower the local communities,
especially women by encouraging self
reliance and developing the entrepreneurial
spirit of the society at large. An initiative
like CitiSashakti can help build a sense of
accomplishment in the borrower and reduce
the dependence of charity by including them
in the mainstream financial system.
Value for Citi
As a strategy that creates shared value,
there is economic and social value for
Citibank in the whole venture. Apart from
earning goodwill as proponents of social
change, Citi will enjoy increased reach by
tapping into a whole new market in rural
and semi rural India.
Citi will be able to create a differentiation
strategy by tapping a big market that
has largely been ignored by other private
banks. Differentiation will also be in
terms of brand image that Citi is a caring
bank. This differentiation will give Citi
an unparalleled competitive advantage
because it has the means already, now it
will also have the reach.
Citibank is reconceiving its products
and market and enabling local cluster
development in the long term, thereby
creating shared value.
Target audience for
Citi Sashakti
Indian citizens :
• residing in a town or village with a
population of maximum 15,000
• daily income of less than INR 700
(~USD 10)
• engaged in any kind of entrepreneurial
venture or agriculture
• of legal age (18 years and above)
9. communication plan
Transformation of the CSR to CSV
will also need to be accompanied
by a communication plan to ensure
stakeholder awareness and brand
promotion. As CitiSashakti is a
microlending program aimed
at reaching the rural audience,
the communication needs to be
organized accordingly.
The target audience
Given the strategy for CitiSashakti, the communication plan will target two groups.
First target group is the end users of the microloans, while the second target group includes
all other stakeholders of Citi. We propose different tactics to reach these audiences and
communicate and promote the concept of CitiSashakti.
1. Rural entrepreneurs
The communication directed to this
target group is highly important, not only
because they are the end users of the
CitiSashakti, but also to show the rural
communities that microloan programs
will help to secure a better future for
themselves and their children. It will give a
sense of hope and realization of dreams to
the entrepreneurs.
2. Other Stakeholders
In this target group, the communication
plan intends to increase the awareness of
CitiSashakti as a new model of CSV and
promote the idea that shared value is a
significant and measurable way of doing
business while at the same time solving
social problems.
10. communication
strategy
CitiSashakti’s strategic messaging
is Cultivating India - it is not only
a tagline, but also the name of the
communication campaign. India
has tremendous potential in its
democracy, resources and most
importantly its people. The slogan
of the campaign would be:
“Empowering rural India to cultivate
growth and safeguard the future.”
11. tactics
1. Bulk SMS
Bulk SMS is an effective means to reach
the rural population of India and inform
them about the CitiSashakti program.
Messaging will be in local languages
and mostly informative in order to get as
many reads as possible. Given that most
of the rural population does not have
access to internet, mobile phones are an
achievable method to spread the word
about CitiSashakti and its activitie.
2. Traditional Media
Traditional media is a good medium to
reach wide audiences, particularly TVCs,
radio, and print media ads explaining the
vision of CitiSashakti and "Cultivating
India". Through these media, CitiSashakti
will be portrayed as a social initiative
created to promote entrepreneurial spirit
in the country.
3. Cultivating India Tour Bus
Since our end-users are people living in
rural areas with limited exposure to digital
media and the internet , Citibank will create
a "Cultivating India Tour Bus". This bus
will go to several rural areas promoting
CitiSashakti’s microloan program, with
additional benefits that come with it.
4. Presentations at Panchayats
In addition to the Tour Bus tactic, special
presentations will be done at Panchayats.
Panchayats are “village councils” that are
present all over India, where official meetings
between town/village officials and residents
are held. Presentations by the CitiSashakti
team will be held at Panchayats throughout
the country to inform, explain and promote
CitiSashakti as a social initiative. This will also
be an effective way to answer the concerns
and questions of the end-users, as it is also a
personal approach. In time, mobile desks will
be installed during Panchayats, which will
serve as CitiSashakti representative offices to
continue personal connections with potential
and current end users of the microloan
program, to offer advice, and to enable people
to sign up for the service.
Cultivating India
campaign will run all
across India, reaching
the two target audiences
mentioned above. For
each segment, we propose
various tactics to ensure
that the message and the
promotion of the campaign
are clearly delivered.
12. tactics
1. Digital Campaign
Digital channels such as corporate website
and online publications will be used to
create online presence for CitiSashakti.
These mediums will contain all necessary
information about CitiSashakti’s mission,
strategy, and procedures. As the program
progresses, success stories will be shared to
showcase to the public and the stakeholders
that the initiative is indeed a shared value
concept which develops local economies
and banking systems.
2. Social Media Campaign
with #CultivatingIndia
Growing from the digital campaign, Social
Media presence is also important for the
promotion of CitiSashakti. Social Media
Channels, such as Facebook, Twitter, Blogs
and Instagram will be created and managed
to ensure everyday communication with
the stakeholders. Even though the accounts
will be corporate, the tone of voice used
throughout the social media channels will
be less formal, and social listening will be
Apart from the end-users, CitiSashakti will be targeted to
other stakeholders as well. Given that this audience is also
quite large, yet more digitally advanced, several promotional
tactics will be used to communicate the message “Cultivating
India”. It is important to note that the traditional media that
will be used for the end-users is also highly effective when
promoting to this target group.
other
stakeholders
implemented to ensure that information/
questions/concerns regarding CitiSashakti
are communicated clearly in real time.
Pictures and stories with the hashtag
#CultivatingIndia will create a more personal
connection with the audience and these
types of content will promote what is good
about this CSV campaign.
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of innovation and growth”. Harvard Business Review. Jan-Feb (2011) 12. Reprint.
endnotes