This document discusses principles of teaching speaking and provides various techniques to do so. It advocates for an integrated approach using various prompts like pictures, graphics, audio, and video rather than isolated stages. It lists techniques such as picture comments, description and discussion, listening to audio and discussing inferences, role plays, drills, story completions, and storytelling. It also provides examples of brainstorming prompts for job interviews. The document emphasizes using varied prompts and media to engage students in speaking practices.