Investigation of otolith in Priacanthus tayenusin persian gulf and Oman SeaInnspub Net
This study aimed to investigation of otolith in Priacanthus tayenusin Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Sampling lasted from September 2011 to December 2012. During this period 5 samples of Priacanthus tayenus were cut
and studied. Trawling time was 2-2½ hours and trawling depth was considered as 10-100 m daily. Catching and
sampling operations was done within 24 hours. Sampling and catching was done in Khuzestan and Bushehr waters in fall and winter of 2011and since the third week of September 2012 sampling was done in Hormozgan
and Sistan and Baloochestan waters. All thefish were identified and their otolith was extracted to verify them.
Investigation of otolith morphometric characteristics (length, breadth, weight, perimeter and area) were
conducted.
ABSTRACT
THE 4R GENOME DUPLICATION IN SALMONINE FISHES:
INSIGHTS FROM CONSERVED NON-CODING ELEMENTS
Anibal H. Castillo Co-Advisors:
University of Guelph, 2008 Professors Dr. Moira M. Ferguson
Dr. Roy G. Danzmann
Gene and genome duplications are important processes in evolution. Salmonids are ideal animal model systems in which to study these processes, as they originated from a tetraploid ancestor. Conserved non-coding elements (CNEs) are of interest because of their highly conserved DNA consensus motifs spanning lineages as diverse and divergent as humans and fish. The main goal of this study is to test CNEs as a tool to study genome duplications and to revisit the “4R” hypothesis and phylogeny of Salmonine fishes (Salmonidae) Salmo salar, Salvelinus alpinus and Oncorhynchus mykiss through the study of copy number and nucleotide variation in six pairs of CNEs. Allele numbers for most CNE sequence pairs are consistent with the 4R hypothesis, as is the symmetric phylogenetic topology shown by some CNE pairs; the estimated date of CNE duplication is consistent with the only reported range of 25-100Mya. However, the phylogenetic relationships within Salmoninae remain unresolved.
A SURVEY ON UNDULATORY MOTION BASED ROBOTIC FISH DESIGNcaijjournal
Robotic fish design (Biomimetic) is an upcoming research area in which undulation motion has its own set
of parameters to decide its efficiency. To analyse its swimming efficiency several existing robotic models
using undulation motion have been thoroughly studied and few critical parameters such as fin size, shape,
flexibility of material, fin flapping rate etc., have been identified. After simulating the above critical
parameters using a MATLAB based CFD tool, mainly to design prototypes for research purpose which
concentrates on optimizing its swimming efficiency. Several combinations of critical parameters are
discussed for robotic fish prototype design by identifying critical parameters and maximizing the swimming
efficiency of robotic fish based on the above properties. The fin models have been tested using Matlab
based CFD tool through simulation and the swimming speed, direction have also been tested for various
models. An improved benchmark for designing robotic fish model is proposed in order to simplify selection
of components, architecture, and cost involve.
Investigation of otolith in Priacanthus tayenusin persian gulf and Oman SeaInnspub Net
This study aimed to investigation of otolith in Priacanthus tayenusin Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Sampling lasted from September 2011 to December 2012. During this period 5 samples of Priacanthus tayenus were cut
and studied. Trawling time was 2-2½ hours and trawling depth was considered as 10-100 m daily. Catching and
sampling operations was done within 24 hours. Sampling and catching was done in Khuzestan and Bushehr waters in fall and winter of 2011and since the third week of September 2012 sampling was done in Hormozgan
and Sistan and Baloochestan waters. All thefish were identified and their otolith was extracted to verify them.
Investigation of otolith morphometric characteristics (length, breadth, weight, perimeter and area) were
conducted.
ABSTRACT
THE 4R GENOME DUPLICATION IN SALMONINE FISHES:
INSIGHTS FROM CONSERVED NON-CODING ELEMENTS
Anibal H. Castillo Co-Advisors:
University of Guelph, 2008 Professors Dr. Moira M. Ferguson
Dr. Roy G. Danzmann
Gene and genome duplications are important processes in evolution. Salmonids are ideal animal model systems in which to study these processes, as they originated from a tetraploid ancestor. Conserved non-coding elements (CNEs) are of interest because of their highly conserved DNA consensus motifs spanning lineages as diverse and divergent as humans and fish. The main goal of this study is to test CNEs as a tool to study genome duplications and to revisit the “4R” hypothesis and phylogeny of Salmonine fishes (Salmonidae) Salmo salar, Salvelinus alpinus and Oncorhynchus mykiss through the study of copy number and nucleotide variation in six pairs of CNEs. Allele numbers for most CNE sequence pairs are consistent with the 4R hypothesis, as is the symmetric phylogenetic topology shown by some CNE pairs; the estimated date of CNE duplication is consistent with the only reported range of 25-100Mya. However, the phylogenetic relationships within Salmoninae remain unresolved.
A SURVEY ON UNDULATORY MOTION BASED ROBOTIC FISH DESIGNcaijjournal
Robotic fish design (Biomimetic) is an upcoming research area in which undulation motion has its own set
of parameters to decide its efficiency. To analyse its swimming efficiency several existing robotic models
using undulation motion have been thoroughly studied and few critical parameters such as fin size, shape,
flexibility of material, fin flapping rate etc., have been identified. After simulating the above critical
parameters using a MATLAB based CFD tool, mainly to design prototypes for research purpose which
concentrates on optimizing its swimming efficiency. Several combinations of critical parameters are
discussed for robotic fish prototype design by identifying critical parameters and maximizing the swimming
efficiency of robotic fish based on the above properties. The fin models have been tested using Matlab
based CFD tool through simulation and the swimming speed, direction have also been tested for various
models. An improved benchmark for designing robotic fish model is proposed in order to simplify selection
of components, architecture, and cost involve.
Radiology in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Batasio flavus, a new species of the family Bagridae, is described from Manimala River of Kerala, India. It is distinguished from its relative species by the following combination of characters: body slender, dorsal profile nearly straight; body and fins yellow; median longitudinal groove on head narrow, single and extending to base of occipital process; occipital process very short, equal to the length of orbit and never reach basal bone of dorsal fin; orbits are widely set; dorsal fin spine very weak, feebly ossified and its anterior and posterior edges smooth; considerable distance between base of last rayed dorsal fin and origin of adipose dorsal fin and the second dorsal fin with a straight margin for entire length. The new fish species is described and compared with its related species.
Identification of eggs and larvae of commercially important crustaceans.pptxVinod kumar
Crustaceans/Crustacea, form a very large and diversified group of arthropods, which includes 52,000 described species.
Like other arthropods, crustaceans have an exoskeleton, which they moult to grow.
Distinguished from other groups of arthropods, such as insects, myriapods and chelicerates, by the possession of biramous limbs, and by the nauplius form of the larvae.
Crustaceans exhibit a number of larval forms, of which the earliest and most characteristic is the nauplius.
Several larval forms are met within Crustaceans and specified terms are applied to each one of them.
Mystus catapogon, a new fish species, is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: maxillary barbels reach beyond caudal fin base; outer mandibulars reach to base of ventral fin and inner mandibular barbels to middle of pectoral fin; Snout shorter; cephalic groove long, shallow and divided into two fontanels and reaching occipital process; occipital process does not reach basal bone of dorsal fin; adipose fin located fairly behind the rayed dorsal fin; body without any mid lateral stripe. The new fish is described and compared with its congeners.
Radiology in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Batasio flavus, a new species of the family Bagridae, is described from Manimala River of Kerala, India. It is distinguished from its relative species by the following combination of characters: body slender, dorsal profile nearly straight; body and fins yellow; median longitudinal groove on head narrow, single and extending to base of occipital process; occipital process very short, equal to the length of orbit and never reach basal bone of dorsal fin; orbits are widely set; dorsal fin spine very weak, feebly ossified and its anterior and posterior edges smooth; considerable distance between base of last rayed dorsal fin and origin of adipose dorsal fin and the second dorsal fin with a straight margin for entire length. The new fish species is described and compared with its related species.
Identification of eggs and larvae of commercially important crustaceans.pptxVinod kumar
Crustaceans/Crustacea, form a very large and diversified group of arthropods, which includes 52,000 described species.
Like other arthropods, crustaceans have an exoskeleton, which they moult to grow.
Distinguished from other groups of arthropods, such as insects, myriapods and chelicerates, by the possession of biramous limbs, and by the nauplius form of the larvae.
Crustaceans exhibit a number of larval forms, of which the earliest and most characteristic is the nauplius.
Several larval forms are met within Crustaceans and specified terms are applied to each one of them.
Mystus catapogon, a new fish species, is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: maxillary barbels reach beyond caudal fin base; outer mandibulars reach to base of ventral fin and inner mandibular barbels to middle of pectoral fin; Snout shorter; cephalic groove long, shallow and divided into two fontanels and reaching occipital process; occipital process does not reach basal bone of dorsal fin; adipose fin located fairly behind the rayed dorsal fin; body without any mid lateral stripe. The new fish is described and compared with its congeners.
Analysis of DNA Content of Wild and Cultured Labeo Calbasu Hamilton, 1822 Usi...ijtsrd
Labeo calbasu is an important food fish and commonly known as the "calbasu" or "Black Rohu". The present study was conducted on DNA extraction and determination of DNA quantity of both male and female of wild and cultured Labeo calbasu using Nanophotometer. DNA isolation was done and gel electrophoresis was carried out. Extracted DNA was analyzed using nanophotometer Nanophotometer P330 Implen, Germany to determine the concentration of DNA and its purity level. Several different methods have been employed in the quantification of nuclear DNA over the past 50 years. The ease of use of this technique not only makes it a feasible option for small volume analysis of DNA but also a practical alternative for spectrophotometric measurement. Significant progress was made to measure micro volume liquid samples 1µl in biotechnology and pharmaceutical applications. For the present study both male and female of wild Labeo calbasu from middle Ganga Region and cultured Labeo calbasu from culture ponds and hatchery were taken. The value of DNA concentration in female of wild Labeo calbasu was in between 58 -62 ng µl and of male was in between range of 64- 68 ng µl. The value of DNA concentration in female of cultured Labeo calbasu was 60- 66 ng µl and of male 68- 74 ng µl. Nisha Rana | Seema Jain "Analysis of DNA Content of Wild and Cultured Labeo Calbasu (Hamilton, 1822) Using Nanophotometer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd19105.pdf
http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/19105/analysis-of-dna-content-of-wild-and-cultured-labeo-calbasu-hamilton-1822-using-nanophotometer/nisha-rana
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2.
~ 75 ~
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies
Results
Five exotic fish species were collected from low level sites of
Manimala River; taxonomic analysis was done for these
fishes; most of the taxonomically relevant meristic counts and
metric characters were taken into consideration for the studies.
Cyprinus carpio communis Linnaeus
Cyprinus Linnaeus, 1758, Systema Naturae, Ed. 10, 1: 320
(type species, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, by subsequent
designation; type locality; Europe).
Diagnosis: Body is fairly deep. Dorsal profile more convex
than ventral. Abdomen rounded. Snout obtuse. Well-developed
rostral and maxillary barbels present; maxillary barbels twice
as long as rostral pair. Last unbranched dorsal and anal fin
osseous and serrated. Caudal fin deeply emarginate.
Meristic counts: D- iii, 19; P- i, 15; V- i, 8; A- iii, 5; C- 19;
LLS- 36; L/Tr- 8/5½; PDS- 11; CPS- 5.
Metric characters: TL (mm) - 300.0; SL (mm) - 235.0. % SL:
BDD- 40.4; HL-28.5; PRD- 56.2; POD-48.9; PRP- 48.9; LD-
18.3; LBSD-36.6; LBA-9.4; LP-20.0; LPL-19.1; LCP-12.8;
DCP-14.0; HL (mm) - 67.0; % HL: HD-119.4; ED-13.4; STL-
35.8.
Other features: Head triangular and rounded at the snout,
with a small oblique, terminal, tubular and protrusible mouth
having thick fleshy lips. Nostrils situated near to eyes and they
have large pits. A number of minute grooves present on
opercle. Pectoral fins large. Lateral line complete and concave.
Color silvery. Dark spots present between scales give an
appearance of having 8 lateral longitudinal lines; it takes a
bright red color during breeding season; fins reddish; it turns
to golden yellow after preservation in formalin.
Pangasinodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage)
Helicophagus hypophthalmus, Sauvage, H.-E. 1878. Bulletin
de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Séries) v. 2: 233-
242.
Diagnosis: Head dorso- ventrally flattened; rest of the body
laterally compressed; pelvic fins with 8 rays; maxillaries and
mandibulars short; maxillaries never reach base of pectoral or
outermost part of opercle.
Meristic counts: D- I, 7; P- I, i, 9; V- i, 7; A - iv, 29; C - 18.
Metric characters: SL (mm)- 375.0; HL (mm) – 100.0; %
SL: HL - 26.7; BDD- 40.0; BDA-34.7; BWD-18.7; BWA-
13.3; PRD-37.9; POD-61.3; PRP- 22.9; PRPL-49.3; PRA-
61.3; LAD- 5.6; LPL-12.3; LA-12.0; LBRD-7.2; LBA-29.1;
LBP- 5.1; LBPL-5.9; LCP- 13.3; DCP-13.1; WCP- 6.1; DAV-
1.1; DVV-9.8; % HL: HD- 65.0; HW- 58.0; ED- 10.0; IOW-
55.0; STL- 35.0; LMB- 32.0; LOMB- 19.0.
Other features: Snout length shorter than inter orbital width;
barbels short and feeble; dorsal spine roughened externally and
serrated internally; adipose dorsal is far back, short based and
small. Pectoral spine deeply serrated internally and roughened
externally. Tip of pelvic fin reaches anal fin.
Clarias gariepinus (Burchell)
Silurus gariepinus, Burchell, W. J. 1822. Travels in the
interior of southern Africa. 2 vols. London. v. 1: i-xi + 1-582 +
1-4, 1 Map. v. 2: 1-648. [Fishes in v. 1: 280, 284, 425, and
445.]
Diagnosis: Cephalic groove divided into two fontanels; of
this, anterior one is elongated and posterior one is round and
deep; in addition to this a small groove present on occiput
also; occipital process never reach dorsal fin front; nasal
barbels short and never reach occiput; maxillaries and outer
mandibulars reach just behind pectoral base, inner mandibulars
never reach pectoral base. Tip of pelvic fin reach behind the
origin of anal fin. Dorsal and anal fin long but never fused to
caudal.
Meristic counts: D- 63; P- I, 8; V- 6; A- 52; C- 19.
Metric characters: TL (mm)- 352.0; SL (mm)- 307.0; % SL;
HL- 21.5; HD-11.4; HW-18.6; BDD-14.0; PRD-30.5; POD-
63.5; LD-3.3; LBA-44.0; LP-10.7; LPL-11.1; LA-5.2; LC-
14.6; DP- PL- 22.1; DPL- A- 9.4; DAV- 3.3; DVV- 4.6; HL
(mm)- 66.0; % HL: HD-53.0; HW-86.4; ED-10.6; STL-37.8;
IOW-48.5; INW-34.8; LMB-92.4; LNB-47.0; LOMB-74.2;
LIMB-55.3.
Oreochromis (Tilapia) mossambica (Peters)
Chromis mossambicus Peters, Montab. Akad. Wiss., Berlin:
681 (type locality: Mozambique).
Diagnosis: It can be readily identified by its blackish blue
coloration and its fins that are beautifully bordered with red.
Its large head and wide mouth are further evidences. Dorsal
and anal fins have prolonged and pointed tips and the tail is
round. Lateral line scales 31. Dorsal fin with 17 spines and
anal fin with 3 spines.
Meristic counts: D- XVII, 11; A- III, 9; V- I, 5; P- I, 12; C-
15; LLS- 31 (16/15); PDS- 9; CPS- 7.
Metric characters: TL (mm) -263.0; SL (mm)- 215.0; HL
(mm) -70.0; % SL: HL-32.6; HD-37.2; BDD-38.6; PRD-35.3;
POD-61.4; PRP-67.4; LD-25.6; LP-30.2; LPL-28.0; LBSD-
21.8; LBA-20.0; LCP-16.3; DCP-14.0; % HL: HD-114.3; ED-
17.1; STL-35.7.
Other features: Three or four blotches present along the flanks;
teeth are in 3- 5 rows on jaws. Head compressed with concave
upper profile; spinous portion of dorsal fin is longer than soft
part.
Osphronemus (Osphromenus) goramy Lacepede
Osphronemus goramy Lacepede, 1801, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 3:
116 (type locality: Mauritius).
Osphronemus goramy Roberts, 1992. Revision. Ichthyol.
Explor. Freshwat. 2(4):351-360.
Diagnosis: 12 dorsal spines and 10 anal spines; 1 ventral
spine; 2nd
ray of pectoral fin elongated to form very long
filament extending beyond caudal fin; inter orbital region
fairly concave.
3.
~ 76 ~
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies
Meristic counts: D- XII, 11; P- 13; V- I, i, 4; A- X, 20; C- 16;
LLS- 34+3; L/Tr- 6½/12½; LL/D- 6½; LL/V- 12½; CPS-
5½/4½; LL/A- 12½; VR- 31.
Metric characters: TL (mm)- 175.0; SL (mm) – 135.0; % SL:
HL- 32.6; HD-31.8; HW-17.8; BDD-49.6; BDA-44.4; BWD-
16.3; PRD-47.3; POD-51.8; PRP-32.6; PRPL-40.0; PRA-50.4;
LD- 26.7; LP-23.7; LPL-23.7; LSOA-6.0; LBSOD-26.7;
LBA-55.6; LBP- 6.0; LBPL-3.7; LCP-6.0; DCP-17.0; WCP-
2.9; DAV-3.0; DVV-7.4.
Other features: Soft dorsal fin elongated and reach to middle
of caudal fin; anal and ventral fin located close to each other.
Tip of pectorals reach 5-6 anal spine; soft anal fin broad and
elongated, reach to hind part of caudal fin. A black blotch
presents at the base of pectoral fin; inter orbital region fairly
concave.
Discussion
Cyprinus carpio communis is a domesticated variety of
common carp (scale carp) (Malayalam Bhavani) (Order
Cypriniformes: Cypriniae). It was initially, imported in 1939
from Ceylon and was transplanted in Nilgiris. Another variety
was brought from Bangkok to Cuttack (Orissa) in 1957. In
Periyar Lake Cyprinus carpio have established breeding
populations and contribute more than 70 percent of the
exploited stock. A high percentage of diet overlap exists
between it and native fish species [5]
. Pangasinodon
hypophthalmus is the Tra cat fish (Silurifomes: Pangasiidae)
(Malayalam: valakkoori). It resides in the freshwater bodies of
Mekong, Chao Phraya and Thailand. Clarias gariepinus is the
African cat fish (Siluriformes: Clariidae) (Malayalam African
musi); it is an exotic fish imported from Africa; It is now
cultured in various ponds and manmade water bodies. Tilapia
mossambica (Perciformes: Cichlidae) (commonly known as
Mozambique tilapia, blue or Kurper bream; Malayalam-
silopi) is a native of rivers on the East coast of Africa. The first
consignment of Tilapia was brought to India in August 1952
from Bangkok and was introduced in Mandapam. Now Tilapia
has established its populations in almost all rivers of Kerala.
Osphronemus goramy is commonly known as Giant Gowrami
(Perciformes: Osphronemidae). It is a native of fresh water
ponds and streams of Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia,
Cambodia and Veitnam. It was brought to India from Java to
Calcutta and then from Mauritius to Madras in 1916.
Acknowledgements
The author acknowledges Principal, Baby John Memorial
Govt. College, Chavara, Kerala for providing necessary
facilities to carry out this research work. The author is greatly
indebted to Dr. Primoz Zupancic for his help and
encouragement.
References
1. Day F. On the fishes of Cochin. On the Malabar coast of
India. Proceedings of Zoological Society of London, Part
II- Acanthini 1865; XIX:286-318.
2. Grant S. A replacement name and neotype designation for
Hara malabarica Day, 1865, with notes on related
species. Aqua. J Ichthyol. & Aquatic Biol. 1999; 3(4):169-
174.
3. Jayaram KC. Fundamentals of fish taxonomy. Narendra
publishing House, Delhi, 2002, 53-65.
4. Jayaram KC. Fresh water fishes of the Indian region.
Narendra publishing House, Delhi, 2010, 292.
5. Kurup BM, Radhakrishnan KV, Manojkumar TG.
Biodiversity status of fishes inhabiting rivers of Kerala (S.
India) with special reference to endemism, threats and
conservation measures. In: Wellcome, R.L. & T. Petr
(eds.). Proceedings of LARS2. 2nd large rivers
symposium. Phnom Penh 2004, 11th
to 14th
February,
2003, 163-182