The waltz developed from the German folk dance called the Landler in the 18th century. It was called the Walzen, meaning "to roll" or "to turn". When first introduced to ballrooms in the early 19th century, it caused outrage as it was the first dance where the couple held each other in a closed position. However, the waltz became popular in Germany and Austria. It greatly increased in popularity due to the compositions of Franz Lanner and Johann Strauss in Vienna in the 1830s, who set the standard for the Viennese waltz.