This document outlines several benefits of learning English, including cognitive, academic, communicative, economic, and social advantages. Learning a second language has been shown to have a positive effect on intellectual growth and mental development, while also improving understanding of one's native language. It can delay Alzheimer's disease and open doors to other cultures and job opportunities by helping people connect with and appreciate those from other countries.
(1) The document discusses the implementation of collaborative study groups to enhance metacognitive processes in pronunciation courses.
(2) In the study groups, students recorded each other's speech, transcribed it, and provided feedback by annotating errors on the transcripts.
(3) Students reported that the study groups helped improve their pronunciation awareness, listening skills, patience and ability to teach others. They felt comfortable correcting each other in the small groups.
The document discusses strategies for teaching pronunciation in English, including describing phonemes, consonant and vowel sounds, and strategies for practicing pronunciation like role plays, dictation, and drilling exercises. It also addresses assessing student pronunciation through partial exams, portfolios, and classroom activities. The goal is to help both native and non-native English speakers produce comprehensible English phonemes.
This document appears to be from a pronunciation course at the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. It contains 18 exercises focused on identifying and classifying English consonant sounds, transcribing words phonetically, and distinguishing similar phonemes. Students are asked to write phonemic transcriptions, analyze word problems, provide examples of sounds, and demonstrate their understanding of phonetic concepts through matching and other identification activities.
This document discusses vague language and provides examples of its use. It then provides a short quiz with questions about informal phrases that use vague language like "kind of", "sort of", and "roughly". The document concludes with a brief definition and examples of lexical phrases and fillers.
The document discusses the concept of cohesion in conversations. It defines cohesion as how elements in discourse depend on each other to create connections. There are grammatical cohesive devices like pronouns, substitution and ellipsis that refer to people or ideas. Lexical devices include repetition of words, use of synonyms, and related words in "lexical chains." The document also discusses interactional elements in conversations like adjacency pairs where utterances commonly occur together in exchanges. It provides an example conversation and identifies the use of cohesive devices and adjacency pairs.
The document discusses various methods for collecting data in research studies, including surveys, interviews, observation, and unobtrusive methods. It notes that each method has pros and cons and must be selected based on the specific research context. The document provides details on how to design and conduct surveys, interviews, observation, and analyses using unobtrusive methods. It emphasizes that rigorous planning and implementation is important for any data collection method to generate credible results.
2010 Shopping on the Job: ISACA's Online Holiday Shopping and Workplace Inten...KKess
A new survey conducted by global IT association ISACA reveals how many employees will be shopping online at work this holiday season, and provides tips to help shoppers and IT departments minimize the risks.
This document outlines several benefits of learning English, including cognitive, academic, communicative, economic, and social advantages. Learning a second language has been shown to have a positive effect on intellectual growth and mental development, while also improving understanding of one's native language. It can delay Alzheimer's disease and open doors to other cultures and job opportunities by helping people connect with and appreciate those from other countries.
(1) The document discusses the implementation of collaborative study groups to enhance metacognitive processes in pronunciation courses.
(2) In the study groups, students recorded each other's speech, transcribed it, and provided feedback by annotating errors on the transcripts.
(3) Students reported that the study groups helped improve their pronunciation awareness, listening skills, patience and ability to teach others. They felt comfortable correcting each other in the small groups.
The document discusses strategies for teaching pronunciation in English, including describing phonemes, consonant and vowel sounds, and strategies for practicing pronunciation like role plays, dictation, and drilling exercises. It also addresses assessing student pronunciation through partial exams, portfolios, and classroom activities. The goal is to help both native and non-native English speakers produce comprehensible English phonemes.
This document appears to be from a pronunciation course at the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. It contains 18 exercises focused on identifying and classifying English consonant sounds, transcribing words phonetically, and distinguishing similar phonemes. Students are asked to write phonemic transcriptions, analyze word problems, provide examples of sounds, and demonstrate their understanding of phonetic concepts through matching and other identification activities.
This document discusses vague language and provides examples of its use. It then provides a short quiz with questions about informal phrases that use vague language like "kind of", "sort of", and "roughly". The document concludes with a brief definition and examples of lexical phrases and fillers.
The document discusses the concept of cohesion in conversations. It defines cohesion as how elements in discourse depend on each other to create connections. There are grammatical cohesive devices like pronouns, substitution and ellipsis that refer to people or ideas. Lexical devices include repetition of words, use of synonyms, and related words in "lexical chains." The document also discusses interactional elements in conversations like adjacency pairs where utterances commonly occur together in exchanges. It provides an example conversation and identifies the use of cohesive devices and adjacency pairs.
The document discusses various methods for collecting data in research studies, including surveys, interviews, observation, and unobtrusive methods. It notes that each method has pros and cons and must be selected based on the specific research context. The document provides details on how to design and conduct surveys, interviews, observation, and analyses using unobtrusive methods. It emphasizes that rigorous planning and implementation is important for any data collection method to generate credible results.
2010 Shopping on the Job: ISACA's Online Holiday Shopping and Workplace Inten...KKess
A new survey conducted by global IT association ISACA reveals how many employees will be shopping online at work this holiday season, and provides tips to help shoppers and IT departments minimize the risks.
The document provides examples of words and sentences to demonstrate word and sentence stress in English. It tests the reader's ability to identify the stressed syllable in multisyllabic words and which words have different stress patterns compared to others. It also examines how stress affects the meaning of sentences. Key rules around schwa sounds and stressing vowels over consonants are outlined.
The document defines communication strategies as techniques used by speakers to express meaning when facing difficulties in a second language. It presents Tarone's typology of conscious communication strategies, which includes avoidance, paraphrasing, conscious transfer, appeals for assistance, and miming. Avoidance strategies are topic avoidance and message abandonment. Paraphrasing strategies comprise approximation, word coinage, circumlocution. Conscious transfer includes literal translation and language switching.
This document discusses using stories to teach foreign languages to children in an authentic way. It recommends adapting stories so their content and activities offer meaningful language learning while keeping clear language goals. Stories should have characters children can empathize with, a clear and somewhat surprising plot to hold interest. Retelling, acting out, and other follow-up activities can help develop listening, speaking, reading and writing skills while avoiding racism or stereotypes.
This document provides guidance for structuring findings from a research study. It recommends including 6 findings with at least 2 pieces of data to support each finding through triangulation of methods or participants. Findings and discussion should be in the same chapter. Data should be interpreted and evidence the intended revelation of each finding. The structure should have an interpretive title for each finding followed by a description, data evidence, and interpretation.
This document contains several tongue twisters and examples of phonetic speech patterns intended to demonstrate phonetic concepts like place and manner of articulation. It includes tongue twisters involving words like pepper, piper, witch, watch, thought, fellow, weather, flea, and fly. The document also provides phonetic transcriptions and definitions of linguistic terms like phoneme, manner and place of articulation.
This document discusses various aspects of connected speech in English phonology, including:
1) Weak forms and how unstressed syllables are pronounced more quickly and at lower volume.
2) Assimilation and how sounds modify each other when they meet in connected speech.
3) Linking and intrusion between words, such as introducing /r/ between vowels.
4) Other connected speech processes like elision, contraction, juncture, and intrusive /r/.
This document discusses several aspects of connected speech in English, including:
- Weak forms being pronounced more quickly and at a lower volume than stressed syllables.
- Assimilation processes like alveolar consonants becoming velar before velar consonants.
- Elision of consonants like /t/ and /d/ in consonant clusters.
- Linking processes that occur between words like intrusive /r/ and linking vowels with /j/ or /w/ to smooth transitions.
The document discusses linguistic stress patterns in English words. It provides examples of words with different stress patterns and asks the reader to identify which word has a different stress pattern in each example. It also asks questions about what stress is, how to identify stressed syllables, and the maximum number of stress levels that have been identified in English. The document notes that understanding stress patterns is important for pronunciation. It provides definitions of linguistic stress and examples of varying stress patterns within words.
This document discusses four different learning styles: visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic. It provides descriptions of each style's preferences and example phrases used by people with that style. Study strategies are suggested for each style, such as making lists, diagrams, and flashcards for visual learners or talking through problems for aural learners. The document also mentions multi-modal learning involves using multiple styles and references the Barsh brain dominance inventory which categorizes left and right brain functions.
The document discusses language awareness and how it is acquired. It defines awareness as the ability to perceive or be conscious of events, objects or patterns. Language awareness refers to explicit knowledge about language and conscious perception of how languages work and are used. The document notes that some degree of conscious awareness is necessary for restructuring a learner's mental representation of a language. It provides examples of awareness-raising activities like focusing on language rules to help learners identify gaps in their knowledge.
La 3G permitió el uso de Internet en los teléfonos móviles por primera vez, introduciendo programas y aplicaciones que podían usarse a través de la red, y allanando el camino para la 4G con mayores velocidades y capacidades.
An experiment in hypnosis from gold maximizer exam proficiency page 74villacadima1916
An experiment in hypnosis was conducted as part of a proficiency exam. The subject was hypnotized and instructed to imagine various scenarios in response to prompts from the examiner. The subject reported visualizing the scenarios as instructed and experiencing corresponding physical sensations, such as feeling a slap or poke. The examiner concluded the subject had achieved a high level of suggestibility while under hypnosis.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
A questionnaire was conducted on gender, age and music preferences. The results showed a majority of female respondents, most respondents being aged 16-17, and a preference for RnB music but some respondents only liking it a bit.
The document discusses intonation in language, which is the raising and lowering of pitch when speaking. Intonation conveys meaning and mood through changes in pitch. Different intonation tunes match different meanings, and intonation can change or affect the meaning of sentences, potentially causing misunderstandings. How something is said, through intonation, is as important as the words that are chosen.
This document compares and contrasts American and British English pronunciation. It outlines three main accents - Received Pronunciation (RP) for British English, General American, and General Australian. The key differences are that American English is generally rhotic while British English is non-rhotic. In terms of pronunciation, Americans aspirate the 't' sound while Brits de-aspirate it or use other pronunciations like a flap or glottal stop. Americans also stress earlier syllables compared to British English for certain suffixes and loanwords.
The document provides examples of words and sentences to demonstrate word and sentence stress in English. It tests the reader's ability to identify the stressed syllable in multisyllabic words and which words have different stress patterns compared to others. It also examines how stress affects the meaning of sentences. Key rules around schwa sounds and stressing vowels over consonants are outlined.
The document defines communication strategies as techniques used by speakers to express meaning when facing difficulties in a second language. It presents Tarone's typology of conscious communication strategies, which includes avoidance, paraphrasing, conscious transfer, appeals for assistance, and miming. Avoidance strategies are topic avoidance and message abandonment. Paraphrasing strategies comprise approximation, word coinage, circumlocution. Conscious transfer includes literal translation and language switching.
This document discusses using stories to teach foreign languages to children in an authentic way. It recommends adapting stories so their content and activities offer meaningful language learning while keeping clear language goals. Stories should have characters children can empathize with, a clear and somewhat surprising plot to hold interest. Retelling, acting out, and other follow-up activities can help develop listening, speaking, reading and writing skills while avoiding racism or stereotypes.
This document provides guidance for structuring findings from a research study. It recommends including 6 findings with at least 2 pieces of data to support each finding through triangulation of methods or participants. Findings and discussion should be in the same chapter. Data should be interpreted and evidence the intended revelation of each finding. The structure should have an interpretive title for each finding followed by a description, data evidence, and interpretation.
This document contains several tongue twisters and examples of phonetic speech patterns intended to demonstrate phonetic concepts like place and manner of articulation. It includes tongue twisters involving words like pepper, piper, witch, watch, thought, fellow, weather, flea, and fly. The document also provides phonetic transcriptions and definitions of linguistic terms like phoneme, manner and place of articulation.
This document discusses various aspects of connected speech in English phonology, including:
1) Weak forms and how unstressed syllables are pronounced more quickly and at lower volume.
2) Assimilation and how sounds modify each other when they meet in connected speech.
3) Linking and intrusion between words, such as introducing /r/ between vowels.
4) Other connected speech processes like elision, contraction, juncture, and intrusive /r/.
This document discusses several aspects of connected speech in English, including:
- Weak forms being pronounced more quickly and at a lower volume than stressed syllables.
- Assimilation processes like alveolar consonants becoming velar before velar consonants.
- Elision of consonants like /t/ and /d/ in consonant clusters.
- Linking processes that occur between words like intrusive /r/ and linking vowels with /j/ or /w/ to smooth transitions.
The document discusses linguistic stress patterns in English words. It provides examples of words with different stress patterns and asks the reader to identify which word has a different stress pattern in each example. It also asks questions about what stress is, how to identify stressed syllables, and the maximum number of stress levels that have been identified in English. The document notes that understanding stress patterns is important for pronunciation. It provides definitions of linguistic stress and examples of varying stress patterns within words.
This document discusses four different learning styles: visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic. It provides descriptions of each style's preferences and example phrases used by people with that style. Study strategies are suggested for each style, such as making lists, diagrams, and flashcards for visual learners or talking through problems for aural learners. The document also mentions multi-modal learning involves using multiple styles and references the Barsh brain dominance inventory which categorizes left and right brain functions.
The document discusses language awareness and how it is acquired. It defines awareness as the ability to perceive or be conscious of events, objects or patterns. Language awareness refers to explicit knowledge about language and conscious perception of how languages work and are used. The document notes that some degree of conscious awareness is necessary for restructuring a learner's mental representation of a language. It provides examples of awareness-raising activities like focusing on language rules to help learners identify gaps in their knowledge.
La 3G permitió el uso de Internet en los teléfonos móviles por primera vez, introduciendo programas y aplicaciones que podían usarse a través de la red, y allanando el camino para la 4G con mayores velocidades y capacidades.
An experiment in hypnosis from gold maximizer exam proficiency page 74villacadima1916
An experiment in hypnosis was conducted as part of a proficiency exam. The subject was hypnotized and instructed to imagine various scenarios in response to prompts from the examiner. The subject reported visualizing the scenarios as instructed and experiencing corresponding physical sensations, such as feeling a slap or poke. The examiner concluded the subject had achieved a high level of suggestibility while under hypnosis.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
A questionnaire was conducted on gender, age and music preferences. The results showed a majority of female respondents, most respondents being aged 16-17, and a preference for RnB music but some respondents only liking it a bit.
The document discusses intonation in language, which is the raising and lowering of pitch when speaking. Intonation conveys meaning and mood through changes in pitch. Different intonation tunes match different meanings, and intonation can change or affect the meaning of sentences, potentially causing misunderstandings. How something is said, through intonation, is as important as the words that are chosen.
This document compares and contrasts American and British English pronunciation. It outlines three main accents - Received Pronunciation (RP) for British English, General American, and General Australian. The key differences are that American English is generally rhotic while British English is non-rhotic. In terms of pronunciation, Americans aspirate the 't' sound while Brits de-aspirate it or use other pronunciations like a flap or glottal stop. Americans also stress earlier syllables compared to British English for certain suffixes and loanwords.
1) The document discusses qualitative data collection and analysis methods, including grounded theory, coding, categorization, triangulation, and interpretation.
2) Grounded theory involves constant analysis of data through four stages: comparing incidents, comparing changes, delimiting the theory, and forming a systematic substantive theory.
3) Triangulation involves using multiple data sources and methods to strengthen findings, and can occur at the data, investigator, methodology, theoretical, or time/location levels.
The document provides tips to improve English speaking skills. It recommends learning new vocabulary and study skills, talking with classmates and native English speakers, listening to audio tapes, watching movies, and reading stories in English. It also suggests keeping a journal, designing a study plan, and practicing speaking English as often as possible to become an active English speaker.
The document discusses discourse markers and interactional signals in dialogue. It provides examples of discourse markers that signal initiation of ideas, amazement, contrast, and consequences. Discourse markers serve to show how utterances are connected and can operate at the local and global level. Interactional signals help with cooperation and include attention signals, response elicitors, and backchannels. More discourse markers are presented that can introduce, conclude, or contrast ideas. The document encourages identifying and categorizing examples of vague words, fillers, discourse markers, and interactional signals used in dialogues.
This document discusses vague language and provides examples of its use. It then provides a short quiz with questions about informal phrases that convey vagueness or approximation. The document concludes with a brief definition and examples of lexical phrases and fillers.
This document provides guidance on writing a strong proposal. It emphasizes including the scope of work, research questions, methodology, significance of the topic, and timeline. The reviewer will focus on both the form and content of the proposal. Regarding form, they will examine academic writing style, interference from other languages, clarity, and ambiguity. Regarding content, they will assess the arguments for the project, relationship between questions and scope, inclusion of relevant studies, and limitation of scope. The goal is to produce a well-structured academic proposal that clearly presents the problem, approach, and importance of the work.
Grounded theory is a systematic qualitative research methodology that focuses on generating theory from data. It involves iterative collection and analysis of data to develop conceptual categories. The researcher codes data to identify concepts and looks for relationships between concepts to develop a theoretical understanding grounded in the views of participants. Key aspects of grounded theory include constant comparison of data, memo writing to develop ideas about codes and relationships, and allowing theory to emerge from the data rather than testing a pre-existing hypothesis. The goal is to develop a theory that explains processes, actions or interactions for a particular topic.
A reflective practitioner considers the consequences of educational decisions and constantly refines their teaching to improve student learning. Reflection involves considering what worked and didn't during and after lessons to inform future planning. Key areas for reflection include the learning environment, educational dilemmas that have no single answer, and the decision-making process used. The goal is to foster reflection, not determine answers, and tools like conceptual frameworks can help move between practice, reflection, and improved practice. Students learn best through hands-on activities, visuals, stories and contexts familiar to them. Themes and short attention spans should be considered when planning lessons.
This document outlines the methodology section of a classroom project report, including descriptions of the context, participants, design, implementation, and reflection stages. The context section provides details about the English curriculum at a public school. The participants section describes the second grade students involved in the project. The design section explains the steps taken to focus on paralinguistic features, supported by references. Materials like pictures and a video beam were used in the implementation stage. The reflection stage involves considering what aspects went well and what could be improved for next time.
The document discusses several aspects of classroom management and teaching methods:
1) Classroom management involves several aspects that impact lesson development, such as how the teacher moves and responds to the class.
2) Teaching a foreign language should focus not only on academic instruction but also on students' human and social growth through cooperative learning and awareness of moral values.
3) This classroom project proposal aims to implement creative writing strategies in a primary school classroom using cooperative learning to help students develop their listening skills.
This document provides guidance on structuring an essay for reflecting on an experience. It recommends examining the question, identifying the experience, and noting details like what happened, who was involved, and how you felt. The writer should identify issues, relate them to literature, and discuss how their insights connect theory and practice. The essay should have an introduction summarizing the experience. The body section compares the experience to prior knowledge, analyzes it, and discusses implications. A conclusion restates the main points and suggests an appropriate course of action.
This document provides guidance on selecting a research topic or classroom project topic. It suggests considering personal interests and strengths related to different aspects of language teaching. Some tips for finding a topic include starting with an idea and ensuring it is researchable by exploring different perspectives and finding enough information on the topic. The document also recommends tying together smaller topics from conference papers to create a larger work. Overall, the key steps are to select an interesting topic, conduct background research, identify keywords, write a statement describing the topic and main concepts, and generate a list of descriptive words.
This document provides guidance on developing a theoretical framework. It defines a theoretical framework as a critical discussion that shows insight into differing arguments and theories while linking them to the researcher's purpose. The framework should synthesize and analyze relevant literature, not just list authors or concepts. It identifies variables and clarifies the scope of a project. The framework compares views, notes disagreements, and highlights exemplary studies. The conclusion should summarize what the literature indicates collectively. Common problems to avoid include citing authors without explaining relevance, inserting own definitions, plagiarism, and only including supportive perspectives. The framework demonstrates understanding of theories, not just explanations.
El documento describe varias maneras de mantener un cerebro saludable y activo para reducir el riesgo de enfermedades como el Alzheimer. Recomienda mantenerse mental y físicamente activo haciendo actividades que requieran concentración como crucigramas, aprender un nuevo idioma o instrumento musical, o leer regularmente. También sugiere evitar el uso de calculadoras para mantener el cerebro desafiado.
This document provides an overview of the Pronunciation II course at the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. The course focuses on suprasegmental features of English pronunciation including rhythm, intonation, stress, and connected speech. Students will learn strategies for teaching pronunciation and analyze the effectiveness of collaborative learning groups. Evaluation includes exams, presentations, and reflections. Technological resources will support pronunciation practice and development of teaching skills.
This document provides information on an English conversation course offered at Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira. The course aims to develop students' conversational competence and metacognitive skills in English. It will focus on spoken interaction, social situations requiring conversation skills, and teaching speaking methodologies. Students will practice conversations through activities and presentations. Evaluation will consist of formative, summative, and self-assessment, including exams, in-class work, and reflection on learning. The course aims to prepare autonomous, respectful, and active English language teachers.
Este documento presenta el primer informe mundial de la UNESCO sobre las sociedades del conocimiento. En su introducción, el director general de la UNESCO destaca que la educación, la ciencia, la cultura y la comunicación son ámbitos clave para hacer frente al desafío de construir sociedades del conocimiento. El informe analiza temas como la economía del conocimiento, el aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida, la enseñanza superior, la investigación y la relación entre la ciencia y la sociedad.
Este documento presenta la estrategia de internacionalización del Consejo Nacional de Acreditación de Colombia. Explica la importancia de la internacionalización de los sistemas de acreditación en el contexto de la globalización de la educación superior. Los objetivos de la estrategia incluyen fortalecer la capacidad del CNA, obtener un reconocimiento internacional, contribuir al desarrollo de sistemas de reconocimiento mutuo, y participar en la construcción de espacios regionales de conocimiento como el Espacio Iberoamericano del Conocimiento. Se pro
Pronunciation is an important part of learning English as a foreign language. This document provides questions and terms for students to research related to pronunciation. Students are asked to discuss how important pronunciation is for EFL learners and the main features of pronunciation. They are also tasked with finding definitions and examples for several key linguistic terms related to phonetics, phonemes, consonants, vowels, articulation, phonology, and homonyms. This document prepares students for a future discussion on fundamental concepts in English pronunciation.