How the people of a small town on the cross road to the silk road in Persia used micro-climate and their local materials to create energy-efficient buildings.
- Assess how they have used sun, wind and water
- Passive solar design
- Landscape and thermal mass to transform a harsh natural environment into comfortable spaces
- Evaluate innovative uses of local material in their buildings
- Santa Fe architecture and similarities to Persian architecture
- Observe the use of these techniques in modern architecture
Preparing your House of Worship for the Winter, Part 1BostonPreservation
Building Care Power Point presentation from the workshop "Preparing your House of Worship for the Winter," co-sponsored by the Boston Preservation Alliance and MA Interfaith Power & Light. Held on Oct. 29, 2011, at St.Mary's Episcopal Church in Dorchester
Preparing your House of Worship for the Winter, Part 1BostonPreservation
Building Care Power Point presentation from the workshop "Preparing your House of Worship for the Winter," co-sponsored by the Boston Preservation Alliance and MA Interfaith Power & Light. Held on Oct. 29, 2011, at St.Mary's Episcopal Church in Dorchester
Sustainable site selection and development. Simple passive design considerations involving site
conditions, building orientation, plan form and building envelope for sun and wind.
Passive heating of buildings- direct, indirect and isolated gain.
Passive cooling of buildings – shading of buildings, insulation, induced ventilation (air vents, wind
tower, etc.,), radiative cooling, evaporative cooling, earth coupling, dessicant cooling.
Sustainable site selection and development. Simple passive design considerations involving site
conditions, building orientation, plan form and building envelope for sun and wind.
Passive heating of buildings- direct, indirect and isolated gain.
Passive cooling of buildings – shading of buildings, insulation, induced ventilation (air vents, wind
tower, etc.,), radiative cooling, evaporative cooling, earth coupling, dessicant cooling.
Sustainable Design Part Two: Climate Related IssuesTerri Meyer Boake
What is Sustainable Design Part Two: Climate Related Issues looks at the bioclimatic regions and how they affect the approach to environmental building design. This also looks at the comfort zone as a way to reduce energy consumption.
Earth Homes Builders specializes in constructing innovative and sustainable earth homes. With their expertise in earth-based construction techniques and commitment to environmental harmony, they create dwellings that prioritize sustainability and offer a unique connection to nature.
The Passive Solar of Yazd: Reflections and Performance Evaluation after 10 Ye...drboon
Yazd, a desert city located in the center of Iran has very long and fantastic history of coordination with nature to cope with very harsh climate of the region. Two, three or four sided traditional courtyard houses considered as the best prototype of sustainable architecture, which few follow logically. This paper presents traditional concepts using a passive solar house designed and built by present author in 2001. The research evaluated the family reactions, positive and negative aspects and performance features of the house under the concept of "post occupancy evaluation". The results indicated that family likes and dislikes are about the negative feeling of the cool draft in the sitting area, good lighting and views, some acoustical problems and positive feeling of cool air from the cold sunken courtyard. In general, the positive reflections of the family were much more than negative aspects.
Paryavaran Bhawan, newly constructed in New Delhi, is India’s first on site net zero building. Features include a passive solar building design. The project, started in 2011, was inaugurated on 25 February 2014. The building is expected to qualify as a five-star GRIHA and a LEED Platinum rating.
Ever wondered why some homes feel more comfortable than others? Want to re-discover what our ancestors knew about home building that works in concord with site, climate and orientation? Want to visit a honest-to-goodness passive solar home? Join us as we investigate the concepts and practice of passive solar buildings. Whether you're building new, remodeling or want to improve the energy and comfort performance of your home, this workshop is for you.
Includes PEV best practices from various cities and states from Canada, the US and California. Also includes the results of the PEV readiness survey given to regional municipal staff.
The San Joaquin Valley PEV readiness assessment is designed to enhance local PEV planning efforts by evaluating the current state of PEV readiness and identifying potential areas of improvement as well as tangible best practices developed throughout the San Joaquin Valley, California and abroad.
Includes PEV best practices from various cities and states from Canada, the US and California. Also includes the results of the PEV readiness survey given to regional municipal staff.
Matthew Porrecca, Associate Principal, BNIM Architecture
Revitalizing Communities By Design
Regenerative design and development could be incredibly simple. It merely requires taking time in a place to uncover stories, discover patterns, find essence, and then add value in any way that improves the capacity of a place to be whole, vital and evolving. Together with our clients and collaborators, we are taking steps to maximize social health, invigorate a sustainable economy and restore natural systems. This workshop explores essential questions that hold the keys to a broad-based shift toward regenerative practice. We’ll share our observations, process, projects, and metrics while drawing participants into a rich dialog of discovery.
Howard Blackson - Placemakers, LLC
In the 20th century, we have spent a lot of money and resources to build cultural wastelands that adversely affects our quality-of-life. With the demise of redevelopment in California, in conjunction with the demonization of Smart Growth, the future relevancy of these places rests upon our ability repurpose these miles and miles of regrettable and devalued strip centers, office parks, and housing tracks. Unfortunately, most citizens oppose any new development due to its potential conflict with their existing community character. Applying an urban design technique that purposely codes for a specific community character, this presentation will outline 21st century urban design tools to build towards walkable, mixed-use neighborhood centers.
With 20 plus years of professional urban design experience, Howard is the Director of Planning for PlaceMakers, LLC, a new economy company of seven (7) principals located across the United States and Canada. Howard has designed and managed a variety of projects both internationally and in the United States having worked in Asia, Europe and North America. He holds a Master degree in Urban Design from the University of Westminster, London, and a Bachelor degree in Geography from the University of Texas at Austin. Howard is an Accredited Member of the Congress for the New Urbanism and is a member of the U.S. General Services Administration Design Excellence Peer Review Committee. He is an adjunct lecturer at San Diego’s NewSchool of Architecture and Design and on the faculty of University of California San Diego Urban Studies Program.
Kaid Benfield, Dir. Sustainable Communities - NRDC
Kaid will discuss the opportunities and advantages of creating a sustainable energy future.We once thought of cities as the antithesis of sustainability - but we now know that cities can be the solution to, not the cause of, our environmental threats. To take advantage of the opportunities before us in an increasingly urban society, we must be thoughtful, shaping our metropolitan regions to reduce our environmental footprint while creating beautiful, green, inclusive neighborhoods within them. As people concerned about the health and future of the planet, we must approach this task with energy and humility, paying every bit as much attention to nurturing great people habit as we do to conserving the habitats of other species.
Michelle Kaufmann will talk about a quest for simplicity as a core component to a mission of making thoughtful, sustainable design accessible.
She will talk about her work in prefabrication, design-build, green homes and sustainable communities. Rethinking not only what we make and how we make it, but also redesigning the design process itself is key to the future of architecture and sustainability. Innovations in this category are abundant and exciting, and with strategic focus can help us all to have more quality, less clutter and simpler lives.
The upcoming 2013 Title-24 Building Efficiency Standards were approved by the California Energy Commission on May 9, 2012. The new Title-24 energy code incorporates significant changes that will affect architects, builders, contractors, energy consultants, and solar PV installers. This class will review the upcoming changes to the energy code and the impact on building design along with compliance strategies that will allow you to comply with the new, stricter energy code cost effectively.
Mark Madison is a Certified Energy Plans Examiner, Certified Energy Analyst, HERS rater, and serves on the board of directors of the California Association of Building Energy Analysts (CABEC).
We will discuss some strategies for incorporating water harvesting into sustainable landscaping, using example projects to illustrate our points. We will focus on residential systems for outdoor usage but will also touch on commercial applications and non-potable indoor use.
Many building owners have the desire to upgrade their commercial
properties, but in the current state of the economy they are at a loss as to how to financial such upgrades. The presentation will also review current trends in rebates, public sector financing and private sector financing that make such upgrades possible.
Target Audience:
I think the target audience for this presentation will be building industry
professionals, developers, building owners, property managers and
commercial real estate brokers, as well as educators from real estate
development programs such as San Diego State’s.
Storm windows, insulating shades, sash replacements, awnings - The good news is that we have so many ways to improve the performance of our windows. The bad news is...there are so many ways to improve the performance of our windows! How in the world can we objectively compare them on price, thermal performance, ease of installation, ease of use, solar control, privacy, and durability?
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories and BuildingGreen are working on simple and easy-to-use resources for selecting window retrofit options. With input on climate, existing window attributes, and performance priorities, anyone can cut through the difficulties of deciding how to improve the overall performance of existing windows.
Using resources from www.windowattachments.org, webinar participants will work through window attachment selection scenarios with the instructor and learn how to use these resources with their clients and on their own projects.
The new 2008 Title-24 Building Efficiency Standards became effective January 1, 2010. One of the most sweeping changes involve residential indoor and outdoor lighting requirements, particularly kitchen lighting and the new adoption of ASHRAE 62.2 indoor air quality code.
Kitchen Lighting, Title-24
New restrictions, control requirements, high efficacy fixture requirements and incandescent allowances, and interior lighting worksheets will add an additional layer of complexity to residential lighting design. This class will bring you up to speed on the new changes and address the underlying principles, calculation methods, strategies to assist you in complying with the new code changes and take you step by step thru the new CF-6R-LTG-1 lighting certificate of installation which must be filled out before the final certificate of occupancy will be issued.
Kitchen Lighting, Title-24
You will also understand which fixtures will comply as high efficacy (not all LED fixtures are certified as high efficacy), the lighting control requirements for each room type and the new fixture and control requirements for residential outdoor lighting.
Title-24, Title-24
California has now adopted the requirements of ASHRAE 62.2-2007 which means that starting January 1, 2010, all low-rise residential buildings are required to install whole house mechanical ventilation and satisfy other requirements to achieve acceptable indoor air quality. Openable windows will no longer be an acceptable method for satisfying outdoor air requirements. This will involve calculations for determining the minimum ventilation cfm and designing a system to provide the necessary airflow with proper controls. You will learn the proper method for determining ventilation airflow, strategies for designing a cost effective ventilation system, and how to fill out the new ventilation Certificate of Installation.
Kitchen Lighting, Title-24
Learn from one of the leading experts in California’s Title-24 Building Efficiency Standards (Title-24), Mark Madison, a state certified Energy Plans Examiner and Certified Energy Analyst, HERS rater, Greenpoint rater with over 25 years experience with building energy code compliance analysis, enforcement and training.
Learn why sustainable real estate has become such a popular choice for individual and institutional investors. See what's driving the market and learn how you can leverage this opportunity in your business.
This beginning level seminar is designed for non-residential building owners/managers/consultants and real estate professionals who want to track and understand their building’s energy usage using a free online tool called ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager. Learn how the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) benchmarking tool can guide investment priorities, identify under-performing buildings, verify energy-efficiency improvements, and how buildings can receive EPA recognition for superior energy performance. Portfolio Manager can also be used to comply with the California State law that requires disclosure of a building’s energy benchmarking score at the time of sale, lease, or refinancing.
Alice Liddell is a Senior Associate with ICF International. Ms. Liddell has twelve years of experience in energy efficiency as well as energy and environmental policy. Ms. Liddell provides support to utilities throughout the west for many EPA ENERGY STAR® programs, including lighting, commercial food service, consumer electronics, and the commercial and industrial building sector programs. In addition, Alice provides training for EPA’s ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager benchmarking tool.
The program is designed to assist Building Designers meet the requirements of the Cal Green code. A Handout will be provided that will cover many other aspects of the Cal Green Non Residential code, but this session will focus on Energy Efficiency.
Since 2005, Gary has averaged over 125 days of instruction per year in a variety of energy conservation topics. These include: California Residential Energy Standards, Duct Testing for HVAC contractors, CHEERS Rater certification training for Building Envelope, HVAC, Solar PV as well as core building science. In 2008 Gary developed and was the lead instructor the CHEERS Existing Home training program. This extensive four-day class focuses on building science as well as the art of residential energy audits. Gary’s extensive field experience as a HERS rater and his technical building science knowledge ensures that his training is accurate and easy to understand. Gary’s light-hearted, logical and down-to-earth presentation style ensures that participants understand the material and how to apply the specific rules or applications to their particular situation.
Gary has been involved with Green building beginning in 2003 when he first became a LEED AP and has continued his support of Durable Sustainable Design. He has been on and coordinated Design /Implement Teams for Energy Management, Waste Reduction and Building Failure Remediation since the 1980’s.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
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Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
Attending a job Interview for B1 and B2 Englsih learnersErika906060
It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
As a business owner in Delaware, staying on top of your tax obligations is paramount, especially with the annual deadline for Delaware Franchise Tax looming on March 1. One such obligation is the annual Delaware Franchise Tax, which serves as a crucial requirement for maintaining your company’s legal standing within the state. While the prospect of handling tax matters may seem daunting, rest assured that the process can be straightforward with the right guidance. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the steps of filing your Delaware Franchise Tax and provide insights to help you navigate the process effectively.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
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According to TechSci Research report, “India Orthopedic Devices Market -Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2030”, the India Orthopedic Devices Market stood at USD 1,280.54 Million in 2024 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 7.84% in the forecast period, 2026-2030F. The India Orthopedic Devices Market is being driven by several factors. The most prominent ones include an increase in the elderly population, who are more prone to orthopedic conditions such as osteoporosis and arthritis. Moreover, the rise in sports injuries and road accidents are also contributing to the demand for orthopedic devices. Advances in technology and the introduction of innovative implants and prosthetics have further propelled the market growth. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at improving healthcare infrastructure and the increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases have led to an upward trend in orthopedic surgeries, thereby fueling the market demand for these devices.
India Orthopedic Devices Market: Unlocking Growth Secrets, Trends and Develop...
Sustainable Architecture Without Architects
1. 5/19/2012
Sustainable Architecture without
Architects
How the people of a small town on the cross road to the silk road
in Persia used micro-climate and their local materials to create
energy-efficient homes
Simi Razavian Hemmati Architect
LEED AP, CGBP, CNE
Website: www.msahome.com
Email: simi@msahome.com
Tel: 858 459 8250
1
Sustainable Architecture without
Architects in Tabas, Iran (Persia)
This presentation is protected by US and
International Copyright laws. Reproduction,
distribution, display and use of the
presentation without written permission of
the speaker is prohibited.
2
Learning Objectives
Passive solar design
Assess how they have used sun, wind, water, Landscape
and thermal mass to transform a harsh natural
environment into comfortable spaces
Evaluate innovative uses of local material in their
buildings
Santa Fe architecture and similarities to Persian architecture
Observe the use of these techniques in modern
architecture
3
1
2. 5/19/2012
What is a Green Building?
How many LEED APs? Architects, M. Engineers,
Passive solar design
Based on USGBC (US Green Building Council), points
Location, location
A
Building design
Indoor-environmental quality
Windows and doors
Water efficiency
Energy efficiency
Green building materials
Insulation
Renewable energy
Landscaping
4
Energy efficiency?
5
Passive Solar Design?
Heating and cooling without mechanical system
The sun, its light and heat, is one of the big players, name
Especially in San Diego, HVAC load, solar panel cost
Principles:
Orientation
Orientation
Orientation
Shading
Glazing
Thermal mass
Insulation
Ventilation
Landscaping 6
2
3. 5/19/2012
Micro Climate: San Diego
Coastal, cross ventilation, passive heating
Inland, cross ventilation, shade, passive heating
Mountain, passive heating
Desert, shade, evaporative cooling
7
Orientation
Sun path during summer and winter
Winter http://oikos.com
www.lightningcanyon.com
Summer Mesa Verde Colorado
Maximize south facing windows
8
Orientation
Site planning
Maximize south facing windows
At least buy one
http://www.netspeed.com.au/abeccs/newington/newington%20design.htm
9
3
4. 5/19/2012
Shading
Outside
Southern wall, overhangs
Reduces intense light and glare
East and west windows
Hyatt, Sedona
10
Glazing and day lighting
Location
South and north facing walls
Pleasant atmosphere
Elevates mood
Reduces depression
Reduces electricity cost
11
Thermal mass
Winter time: Absorbs and stores the heat during the day then
radiates the heat at night with a delayed effect and moderately.
Summer time: Absorbs nighttime coolness and release it
slowly during the hot days.
Tile, stone, concrete floor
Masonry or tile fire place
surround
Concrete or tile countertops
Concrete mass walls
Pond roof
Light color painted wall to
reflect on the floor
Do not throw rugs on the
floor. Fade?
12
4
5. 5/19/2012
Ventilation
Controlled movement
of air through a building not a leak/ tight envelope
• Cross
• Stack
Evaporative cooling in arid area
increases humidity, comfort
• “By evaporating water, the air is cooled
more than by flow alone: it takes a relatively
large amount of heat to vaporize water”
Cross ventilation Stack ventilation
Venturi effect Stair well, clear story, attic
13
Landscaping
Landscape Architect’s role
Wind break Natural air conditioner
builditsolar.com
Creating shade, west and east facing
14
Do we follow 2000 year old design rules?
15
5
6. 5/19/2012
Desert Micro Climate!
16
Desert Micro Climate!
Hostile environment
Very little vegetation
Almost no rainfall
Sand storms
Loss of life
Not popular with travellers
Vast area with few roads
Marco Polo in 13th century
• Lack of water, heat and vicious sand
Summer temperature up to 120° F
Winter temperature dips below -4 °F
Temperatures soar in the sun, but drop rapidly at dusk
17
Comfort Zone Chart for Tabas
Building bio-climatic chart by Milne and Givoni
July 12th Tabas
Temp: Max: 106’° Min: 68°
F F
Humidity : 9%
Wind: 14 mph NNE
18
6
7. 5/19/2012
Materials
Earth
1/3 of population, 1/2 in developing countries
Architect Gernot Minke
Straw
White plaster
Wood
19
Why did we chose to study Tabas?
• A small city
• An oasis in the desert, architecturally significant
•“Pearl of Persian cities”
•“Bride of Persian cities”
• Used to exist
20
Why Tabas became important?
• Connection to silk road
• South and North cities
• “Karevan Sara” or Motels
• Source of water
• Coal mines
• Compare to Santa Fe
IRAN
21
7
8. 5/19/2012
Tabas, the city planning, m.c. elements
• Wind direction
• Prevailing, north west
• Saam, sand storm, south east
• Water, east to west
• Water storage
• Main road direction
• Buildings, north, south
• Farms, source of cool breeze
• Point? Masdar city
22
Tabas, how it became an oasis?
• Existence of water
• Efficient use of water
• Love of planting trees
• Shade
• Distance, driving
• Fruit, vegetables
23
Tree Preservation
24
8
9. 5/19/2012
These are the spaces they formed!
• Summer living area
• E`ivan (covered patio or veranda)
• Courtyards (with water feature and planters)
• Baudgeers (wind scoops or wind catchers)
• Kitchen and storage
• Hoaz-khane (living room)
• Winter living area
• Sardab (basement)
• Hashti (eight sided vestibule)
25
Typical Floor Plan
• Season
• Compact
• Summer, winter area
• Courtyard
• Architectural elements
• Four seasons
• Cross ventilation
26
Summer Living Area Tabas
• Location
• Elaborate
• Windows
• Height
• Point? Vaulted or high ceiling
27
9
10. 5/19/2012
Summer Living Area Kashan
28
E’ivan (covered porch or veranda)
• Main element
• Location
• Shade
• Stand alone
• Usage time
• Day to day work
• Clay jugs
• Point?
Dripper
29
Courtyard
• Location
• Steps
• Materials
• Water
• Well of cold air
• Reservoir of
coolness
• Point? Privacy, shade
30
10
11. 5/19/2012
Courtyard
• Water features
• Citrus fruit trees
• Palm trees
• Covered courtyard
• Walls, wind break
• US Department
of Energy, up to 25°F
cooler
• Point?
• Privacy
• west
facing
window
31
Baudgeer (wind catcher, ventilation shaft)
• Unique, important
• 4000 B.C.
• Opening on sides
• One or three sided
• Breath
• Cool winds
• 8’ – 20’
• Point? Large bldg
with good breeze
but no vent
32
Baudgeer
• Location Low income
• Basement
• Divisions, Venturi effect
• Low income
33
11
12. 5/19/2012
Baudgeer (wind catcher, ventilation shaft, wind scoop)
Temperature change
Ventilation
How does it work? By Mr M. Bahadori pathways
produce air pressures
• Windy day and night
• Stormy day hot air rising by
convection Up draf t
Creates Stack effect
• Early morning no wind Like a chimney
• Late afternoon no wind
• Wet straw
Hot day in the afternoon no wind
Air movement: Chimney effect
• Pressure difference High press. Down draft
• Suction Stack effect
• The Venturi effect
• Convection
• Hot air rises
Temperature change Low press.
produce air pressures
difference in air pressure
generates air flow
Sensible cooling
34
Baudgeer (wind catcher, ventilation shaft)
• Enclosure
• Sand settlement
• Protection
• Point? Chimney
35
Ventilation
pathways
Houz-khaneh (living room)
• Favorite
• Water feature
• Height
• Cross ventilation
• Baudgeer, center
• Thermal mass
Plan
• Point? Water, height
Section
Elevation
36
12
14. 5/19/2012
Houz-khaneh
• Flower
• Reflection
Yazd
40
Sardab (basement)
• Location
• Temperature, underground
• 12 to 4
• Ventilation, doors, shutters
• Damp walls
• Under ground water, qanats
• Point? Hillside homes, mold
41
Winter Living Area and Kitchen
• Room location
• Length of the season
• Kitchen location
• Windows, shade
• Size
• Height
• Braziers or korsi
• Point? Efficient
use of your home
42
14
15. 5/19/2012
Materials
• Sun dried adobe, salt
• High heat storage capacity and
low heat conductivity: Thermal lag
• Kah-gel or plaster of clay and straw
• White plaster to reflect heat
• Wood/ screen
43
Structural System
• Bearing wall, thermal mass
• Barrel roof
• Dome roof
• Heat distribution
44
Alleys
• Shade
• Breeze
• Maze
• Roof
• Source of cool air
• Point?
Norman Foster in Abu Dhabi
45
15
16. 5/19/2012
Baghe Golshan
• Main park (Persian garden)
• Four gardens
• Two stream
• Water feature
• Water fountain
• Water fall
Section
Arial Photo Site plan 46
Baghe Golshan (main park)
• Vanishing edge pool was
an efficient way to go
• Stream passes through
park entry and moves
toward the city
Kashan
Kashan
47
Yakh-chal (Ice pit), Tabas
For storing ice
Desert
Middle of summer, next winter
Location, less expensive
Domed shape, above ground
Underground storage space
Cover the ceiling
48
16
17. 5/19/2012
Yakh-chal (Ice pit)
Many parts of the world
Mastered the technique, 400 B.C. idea as old
as 1700 B.C. in this area
Above ground dome, up to 60’ for cooling
Underground space, up to 150,000 C.F.
with deep storage space
49
Yakh-chal (Ice pit) Construction
Materials:
Thick mud brick (adobe), walls up to 7
feet thick at the base
Mortar called Sarooj: sand, clay, egg
whites, lime, goat hair, and ash in
specific proportions
Resistant to heat transfer
Water impenetrable, Dam
Trench to catch melted ice
50
Yakh-chal (Ice pit)
How does it work?
Storing ice and snow of
the mountains
Shallow pools on the
north side of a tall, east
west wall
Transferring ice into the
deep ice pit
51
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18. 5/19/2012
Yakh-chal (Ice pit)
Straw and mat
Different kind of ice
Glass ice for drinking
Ice cream, falodeh
Ice for everybody
Point? Reducing HVAC load
for large project in the hot
desert area
52
Karevansara, Chahar deh,Tabas
Karevan-sara, caravan-house
Lodging, loading or landing of
the caravans
Storing goods and commercial
exchange, post office
Travelling time, 2 to10 am,
5 to 11pm, not extreme
Source: Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
53
Karevansara, Khan, Tabas
Hot and dry area
Square or rectangle
Courtyard, veranda
Baudgeer, south
Copula
Roof opening
Design inspiration
Stable
Motel, 20 in Tabas
Source: Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
54
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19. 5/19/2012
Karvansara, Meidan, Tabas
Stable ceiling opening
Height at lobby
Water, qanat, well tower
Stay free, pay for food
Point? Motels, ventilation, shade, env.
Source: Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
55
Karevansara, Abbasi Hotel,Isfahan
300 years ago
Courtyard and verandas
Height on the south side
Three story
Water feature
Source: http://www.abbasihotel.ir/Content/Default.aspx?Landir=ltr&Lan=En
56
Karevansara, Abbasi Hotel,Isfahan
Interior
Beautiful, enchanting and relaxing
Tea in the courtyard
Source: http://www.abbasihotel.ir/Content/Default.aspx?Landir=ltr&Lan=En
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20. 5/19/2012
Benefits & drawbacks, local materials
• Shear strength in adobe
• 7.9 magnitude earthquake
• 22,000 died
Tabas After Earth Quake, 1978
58
Santa Fe
Designs
and similarities to
Persian architecture
59
Santa Fe, New Mexico
60
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21. 5/19/2012
Santa Fe, New Mexico
61
Iran? Santa Fe?
Abyane, Iran
62
Santa Fe? Iran?
Taos Santa Fe
63
21
22. 5/19/2012
Masooleh, Iran
Iran? Santa Fe?
Masooleh Iran
B
A
Santa Fe Naiband Tabas, Iran
C
D
64
Similarities, coincidence or an inspiration
Age
Similarities
• Mountain shape or irregular
pyramid
• Adobe: puddle, brick
• Flat roof, dome roof, wood
Santa Fe
Abyaneh, Iran
Santa Fe
Early architecture in New Mexico
by Bainbridge Bunting
65
Francisco Uvino
Similarities, coincidence or an inspiration
• Courtyard, early houses in trail
• Privacy, ladder
• South facing
• Window size
• Bread oven, blue color
• Narrow streets
• Plaza
• Differences
• No arches
• Protection from wind
Coincidence?
Abyaneh, Iran
66
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23. 5/19/2012
Santa Fe NM
In harmony
Nature
Climate
People
Energy efficient?
67
We are building a new civilization
Cheap energy
Spoiled by HVAC
Changing our behaviors, thanks to H.E.C of last year
Experiment and start from scratch
Historical examples, new techniques
Santa Fe
Healthier
68
Innovative uses of the same strategy
in new buildings
July 12th July 12 San Diego
Temp: Max: 75° Min: 52°
F F
Humidity : 75%
Wind:14 mph W
July 12th Tabas
Temp: Max: 106’° Min: 68°
F F
Humidity : 9%
Wind: 14 mph NNE
San Diego weather pattern in the chart
69
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24. 5/19/2012
Passive Solar Design in S.D.
Natural resources; wind, sun, water,
Thermal mass and landscape
Orientation, orientation, orientation
South facing windows
Ventilation
• Cross
• Stack
Shade
Thermal mass
Natural day-light
Landscape
Tight envelope, insulation
70
Value of architects
Architect role
71
Value of architects
Revision clouds
72
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25. 5/19/2012
Which one is more Green?
A
B
73
Without a knowledgeable architect!!!!
74
Without a knowledgeable architect!!!!
75
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26. 5/19/2012
Rob Quigley Architect
Children Museum, San Diego
Baudgeer concept (as cooling chimney)
Exhaust ventilation
76
EHDD Architecture
Rumsey Engineers
Carnegie Center, Global Ecology in Stanford
Baudgeer
Shade
Cross ventilation
Prevailing Winds
85` F. 36% R.H.
Spray ring
Dense, Cool Air
Fills Lobby
59` F. 85% R.H.
A California Building Revives Traditional Middle Eastern Design
77
Mission Style Spanish Architecture
78
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27. 5/19/2012
CII-Godrej GBC
J.W. Marriott, Palm Desert
Courtyard
Water feature
Water falls
79
Twirling Tower Orchid Plaza
By David Fisher in Dubai Bahrain
Wind powered Electricity generating wind tower
80
Gerber architect Germany
Burj al-Taqa, Dubai
High-tech baudgeer
Wind driven ventilation
Central atrium
Dbl layered façade for
shade w/solar panel
81
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28. 5/19/2012
Santa Fe NM
In harmony
Nature
Climate
People
Energy efficient?
82
Louis Kahn architect
Salk Institute, La Jolla
Persian gardens and water feature
CII-Godrej GBC India
Wind tower
HVAC load 83
AS +GG Architect of Chicago
Masdar Headquarters, Abu Dhabi
Baudgeer concept, exhaust ventilation
84
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29. 5/19/2012
David Fanchon
'The Pearl' dome house
Passive solar design with a touch of high-tech
85
Foster & Partners
Masdar Development Abu Dhabi 2007
Narrow streets
Shading
Windows
Exterior walls
Walkways
Wind towers
Thick-walled buildings
Courtyards
http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1515/Default.aspx 86
Foster & Partners
Masdar Development Abu Dhabi 2007
Vegetation, Green parks
Generally walkable city
Northeast-southwest
orientation
Underground public
transportation
Indirect daylight, cupola
70 degree cooler, envir.
Lowest possible carbon footprint
http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1515/Default.aspx
87
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30. 5/19/2012
French architects Ateliers Lion
French school, Damascus, Syria
Baudgeer concept, exhaust ventilation
Black-painted polycarbonate sheet
Natural ventilation, court yard, removable shade
Earth ducts, thermal mass
A Damascus School Revives Traditional Iranian Cooling Techniques
88
Architect: S.O.M.
National Commercial Bank - Jeddah, S. A.
Courtyard, vertical
solid to the outside
opens up to the cooler
courtyard in the middle
Shading
Windows
http://www.carboun.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/1.jpg
89
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Coyne Residence, La Jolla 1990
New
Existing building
West facing windows
Strategic location
of windows
Cross ventilation
Existing
90
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31. 5/19/2012
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Coyne Residence, La Jolla 1990
Strategic location
of windows
Overhang
Shade
Daylight
Cross ventilation
91
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Vajda Residence, Rancho Santa Fe Covenant
South facing windows
West facing windows
Cross ventilation
HVAC usage?
Before
After
92
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Vajda Residence, Rancho Santa Fe Covenant
South facing windows
Shade
Before After
After
93
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32. 5/19/2012
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
David Residence, La Jolla
South facing windows
Shade
Court yard
Cupola
94
Assoc.
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Vista Mar Residence, Pacific Beach 2000
West facing lot
Great view
No buyer for 2 years
Small flat area
Low cost solution
Waste reduction
95
Assoc.
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Vista Mar Residence, Pacific Beach 2000
South facing windows
West facing windows?
Overhangs
Cross ventilation
HVAC?
96
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33. 5/19/2012
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Soledad Home, Pacific Beach
South facing windows
Cross ventilation
Stack ventilation
Fan
97
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Chalcedony, Pacific Beach
South facing windows
Shade
Cross ventilation
Exhaust ventilation
98
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
La Jolla Residence, La Jolla
South facing windows
Cross ventilation Before
Daylight
Courtyard
Umbrella
After
99
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34. 5/19/2012
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
La Jolla Residence, La Jolla
South facing
windows
Use of shade
Water
Courtyard
Daylight
Umbrellas
After
Before
100
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
La Jolla Residence, La Jolla
After
Courtyard
North facing windows
Before
Before
After
101
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
CSS, San Bernardino, Ca. 1990
Steel manufacturing
• Warehouse
• Office bldg
• 30,000 S.F.
Stack ventilation
Summer heat
Daylight
102
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35. 5/19/2012
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Ten in rows, Linda Vista
South facing windows
Use of shade
Cross ventilation
Exhaust ventilation
Daylight
103
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Ten in rows, Linda Vista
South facing windows
Use of shade
Cross ventilation
Exhaust ventilation
Daylight
Possible, solar panel
104
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Jamshidi, La Jolla
On the board
West view/ main view
Use of shade
Cross ventilation
Exhaust ventilation
Daylight
105
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36. 5/19/2012
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Jamshidi, La Jolla
South and north facing windows
Skylight
Daylight
Ceiling plan
Solar water heater
Solar panel for floor heating
106
MSA & Assoc. Inc.
Jamshidi, La Jolla
Cross ventilation in basement
Exhaust ventilation
Daylight
water efficient landscaping
Tight envelope
107
Green Building Design- Passive solar
Natural resources; wind, sun, water thermal mass and
landscape
Orientation, orientation, orientation
South facing windows
Ventilation
• Cross
• Stack
Shade
Thermal mass
Natural day-light
Landscape
Insulation
Tight envelope
108
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Low cost energy saving solutions
1. Behavioural change
2. Check orientation
• Locate your windows
3. Summer:
• Daylight
• Ventilation
• Shade for south
• West and east
4. Winter:
• Open south facing windows
• Daylight
109
Low cost energy saving solutions
5. Thermal mass
• Area rug
6. Landscape
• Deciduous trees
• West and east facing windows
7. Insulation
• Tight envelope
8. Changing windows
• Dbl glaze, south facing
9. Water in dry climates
10. Remodel based on your budget
and Passive solar
110
Resources
Master Theses research by Simi Razavian, Lila Khalvati and Fereshteh Asefi.
Gardens of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
Monuments of Tabas by Yaghoob Danesh-doost
Early architecture in New Mexico by Bainbridge Bunting
Urban structure and architecture in the hot arid zone of Iran by Mahmoud Tavassoli
http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Science-Fiction-News.asp?NewsNum=1040
http://www.gulfweeklyworldwide.com/article.asp?Sn=5536&Article=19304
www.lightningcanyon.com/pages/passive-solar/introduction_passive_solar.html
www.inhabitat.com/2007/05/16/david-fishers-twirling-wind-power-tower/
Viability of wind towers in achieving summer comfort in the hot arid regeions of the
middle east By Mehdi N. Bahadori Professor of Mechanical Engineering Sharif University of
Technology Tehran, Iran
Three dimensional numerical investigation of air flow over domed roofs by: Ahmadreza
K.Faghih and,MehdiN .B ahadori School of Mechanical Engineering,SharifU niversity of
Technology,Tehran,Iran
111
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Resources
historicaliran.blogspot.com/2010/02/abyaneh-village.html
www.carboun.com/sustainable-development/sustainable-design/a-damascus-
school-revives-traditional-cooling-techniques/#more-1495
http:/www.carboun.com/?s=Carnegie+Center,++Global+Ecology+in+Stanford+
http://www.eartharchitecture.org/index.php?/archives/1045-Yakhchal-Ancient-
Refrigerators.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yakhchal
http://www.mytholia.org/wiki/index.php/Yakhchal
http://heritage-key.com/site/ice-house-abarku-abarqu
http://www.abbasihotel.ir/Content/Default.aspx?Landir=ltr&Lan=En
http://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9
%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7
Islamic architecture: form, function and meaning, Robert Hillenbrand (Author)
112
Resources
http://travelingrainvilles.typepad.com/.a/6a00d8357fa03b69e2010535b84a2a97
0b-popup
http://wchpgrte.blogspot.com/2010/05/western-center-for-historic.html
http://brothaluvacafe.blogspot.com/2009/05/santa-fe-new-mexico-apr-may-
2009.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/26/arts/design/26masdar.html
http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1515/Default.aspx
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Speaker
Simi Razavian Architect, LEED AP, CGBP, CNE
Master of Science in Architecture and Urban Design with Emphasis on Passive Solar
Design and Vernacular Architecture of Tabas, Iran
Co- founder of MSA & Assoc. Inc. in 1987
Licensed Architect in the State of California
Certified Green Building Professional
Speaker at :
Mesa College Dec 5th, 2011, La Jolla Library Sep 20th 2011 HP (Hewlett-Packard), Jan 20th
2011,SIAP Nov.11th, La Jolla Library Nov 3rd 2010, New Mexico Solar Energy Association Sep 11
2010, UCSD Osher program July 15th, 2010, iWIA San Diego July 12th, 2010, Notre Dame
University, School of Architecture, April 23rd, 2009, La Jolla Library July 13th, 2009, AIA Convention
May 2nd, 2009, CCSE, WIA San Diego, April 2009
Contact Information
Simi Razavian Hemmati
Email: simi@msahome.com
Website: www.msahome.com
Tel: 858 459 8250
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