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Benita Williams benita@benitawilliams.co.za
Presentation to Bridge Community of Practice
20 October 2016
Systems Thinking in M&E:
How can it be used to Support
Sustainable Development?
Part 1: Sustainable Development
Part 3: Systems Thinking
Part 2: Theories of Change
Part 1: Why focus on Sustainable Development
and what does it mean?
My recent interest in sustainable development started with a twitter
exchange
What do we mean with sustainable
development?
Environmental Sustained Sustained
Sustainability Projects Project Results
So what does sustained project results look like?
Defining Sustainability
OECD DAC Criteria
• Sustainability
Sustainability is concerned with measuring whether the benefits of an activity are
likely to continue after donor funding has been withdrawn. Projects need to be
environmentally as well as financially sustainable.
When evaluating the sustainability of a programme or a project, it is useful to
consider the following questions:
To what extent did the benefits of a programme or project continue after donor funding
ceased?
What were the major factors which influenced the achievement or non-achievement of
sustainability of the programme or project?
School Technology Initiative
Part 2: Designing and Evaluating for Sustained Change
Inputs
Activities
Outcomes
Outputs Impacts
Theory of Change indicates which inputs and activities relate to different kinds of programme
results
Theory of Change
Direct Indirect
Participants Participants
Inputs
Activities
Outcomes
Outputs Impacts
Skills
Knowledge
Values
Attitudes
Behaviour
Systemic
Results
Direct Indirect
Participants Participants
Inputs
Activities
Outcomes
Outputs Impacts
Skills
Knowledge
Values
Attitudes
Behaviour
Systemic
Results
Direct Indirect
Participants Participants
Inputs
Activities
Outcomes
Outputs Impacts
Skills
Knowledge
Values
Attitudes
Behaviour
Systemic
Results
Direct Indirect
Participants Participants
Inputs
Activities
Outcomes
Outputs Impacts
Skills
Knowledge
Values
Attitudes
Behaviour
Systemic
Results
Embedded Practice
Established
Partnerships /
Post Project Actors
Budget for Inputs
embedded /
Externally Sourced
Embedded Practice
Established
Partnerships /
Post Project Actors
Budget for Inputs
embedded /
Externally Sourced
Sustained
Outcomes
Sustained
Outputs
Sustained
Impacts
Systemic
Results
Direct Indirect
Participants Participants
Theory of Sustained Change may help
to identify indicates which inputs and
activities relate to different kinds of
sustained programme results
Theory of Sustained Change
Direct Indirect
Participants Participants
Inputs
Activities
Outcomes
Embedded Practice
Outputs Impacts
Established
Partnerships / New
Post Project Actors
Budget for Inputs
embedded /
Externally Sourced
Skills
Knowledge
Values
Attitudes
Behaviour
Systemic
Results
Sustained
Outcomes
Sustained
Outputs
Sustained
Impacts
Systemic
Results
Direct Indirect
Participants Participants
Theory of Change
Theory of Sustained Change
Part 3: What is System’s Thinking and how can it help?
Feedback Loops
Environmental Conditions
Adaptation
Critical Paths or Elements
Aggregate of small changes in many programs
Distributions
Phase Shifts
Perhaps incorporating Systems
Thinking into our Theories of
Change, may help us to design
better, more sustainable
programmes, and do more useful
evaluations.
Sustainability-and-Systems-Thinking-20161020.pdf

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