Ernesto Miranda was arrested and confessed to crimes after two hours of questioning without being read his rights. Miranda appealed his conviction, arguing his confession should be inadmissible since he was unaware he could remain silent. The Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that Miranda's rights were violated when he unknowingly incriminated himself, establishing that suspects must be informed of their right to remain silent. This case defined the "Miranda rights" read to arrested individuals, protecting their 5th Amendment right against self-incrimination.