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SUPPORTING NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR SMALL FARMS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         IN THE NEW YORK CITY WATERSHED
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Dewing*, D.R., Thurgood, J.M.                     Cornell University Cooperative Extension of Delaware County
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                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        R EN S SEL A ER C O U N T Y
                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                          SC H O H A R I E C O U N T Y                                                     ALBAN Y C O U N T Y
                                                              O T SE G O C O U N T Y                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                       Catskill/ Delaware




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Impact:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
CO UNTY




                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                              Oneonta                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                         Watersheds




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Situation:
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                                   Schoharie
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                                   Reservoir                                                                                                                                                                                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
C H EN A N G O




                                         Y
                                         X
                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                                                                    Windham                                G R EE N E C O U N T Y                                                                                                                    Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   !                                                                                                                                                                           Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                         Delhi
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     r




                                         X
                                         Y                                                                   !                               Riv
                                                                                                                                                .                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                         e
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  e




                                                                                                                   Li t t le D el a w ar
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              S




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                !                                                                                              Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     K
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               i v




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ET T




                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hudson
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                YO R




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                           .




                                                                                                                                                                                                                          S chohari
                                                                                                       Ri v




                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                         e                  Hunter
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           R




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Cr.     !                                                                                                                                                            X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          HUS
                                                                                                   e




                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                 ar




                                                                         Walton                   w                                                                                                                                                                                                       C O LU M BI A C O U N T Y                                                                            X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         Y
                                         X                                                     ela                                                                        iv.
                                                                               !   W . Br. D                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                             CO U N TY




                                                                                                                                                                      R




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          N EW




                                                                                                                                             Margaretville
                 BRO O M E




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        SA C




                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                      e




                                                                                                                                                       !                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                 ar




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Intensive monitoring has shown significant P reductions when Nutrient
                                                                                                                                                                law
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                             De                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   M AS




                                                                                                                                                       Br.
                                                                                                                                                    E.




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   • The 9 million water users in New York City consume 1.3 billion gallons
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Phoenicia                                                                                                                                                                   Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 d so n




                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               !                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         X
                                         Y      !                                     Pepacton                                                                                                                                      s                      Woodstock
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   E




                                                                                      Reservoir                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       op




                                         Y
                                         X   Deposit Cannonsville                                                                                                                                                                                           !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         us C




                                         X
                                         Y            Reservoir                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                     v.
                                                                                                                                                                                                   Ri




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                  k




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             r.
                                                                                                                                                                                              sin




                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                                                                                                              er
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             H u




                                                                                                                                                                                            ev                  iv.                                                                                                                                                                                            Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                  D




                                                                    D E LA W A R E C O U N T Y                                                                                         .N                    k R
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                   B                      sin                                                                                                                                                                                                  X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                  r




                                                                                                                                                                                                      r
                                                                                                                                                                                W.
                                                    e




                                                                                                                                                                                                   ve
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                       Br .
                                                                                                                                                                                            Ne                                                             Ashokan
                                                      l a




                                                                                                                                                                                  E                                                                        Reservoir                                                                                                                                           X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            !
                                                                                                                                                                                  .




                                         Y
                                         X




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Management Plans are implemented within a suite of BMPs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                          w a




                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Kingston
                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         C O N N EC T I C U T




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             N EW YO RK




                                         Y
                                         X




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     of drinking water per day from Catskill Region Reservoirs
                                                              r e




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                      Ri v                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                        Liberty                                                                             Rondout
                                                                                                                                                      Neversink
                                                                             e




                                                                                                                                               !                                                                      Reservoir                                                                                                                                                                                X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        N TY




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  U L ST ER     CO U N T Y
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                      Reservoir                                                                                                                                       D U T C H ESS C O U N T Y
                                                                               r




                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                L I T C H F I ELD C O U




                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                       !
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     New                                                                                                                                       X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Paltz                     Poughkeepsie
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           !                                                                                                                   X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                              SU L L I V A N         CO U N T Y
                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       East of Hudson                                                                                          X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Watersheds                                                                                            Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                N E




                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Middle Branch
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       West Branch Reservoir                                                                   Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Farm Level:
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Reservoir
                                                                                    PE




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                    W




                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Boyds Corner
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Reservoir




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Watershed Level:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   • The Cannonsville reservoir is eutrophic due to phosphorus (P) loading
                                                                                       N




                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                            Y




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Newburgh
                                                                                        N




                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                               O




                                                                                                                    R                                                                                                                                                  !                                                                                                                                       Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Bog
                                                                                           S




                                                                                                                        K
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Croton Falls                                                         Brook                                      X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                               Y




                                         Y
                                         X                                                         L                                                                                                                                                                                              Reservoir                                                        Reservoir
                                                                                                        V                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                     A                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                         N I                                                                                                                                                                         Muscoot Reservoir                                                    East
                                                                                                                       A                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Branch
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                   Port                                                                                                                               Amawalk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Reservoir
                                                                                                                                                             Jervis                                                   O R AN G E C O U N T Y                                                    Reservoir                                                                                                      X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                       !                                                                                                                                                                                                           Diverting
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          P U T N A M                                                              Reservoir                                   X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C O U N T Y                                                                                                          X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 43% reduction in TDP
                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                                                                                                 N                                                                                                                                                                                                                             X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                         EW
                                                                                                                                                                          N                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       •60% decrease in Total Dissolved
                                                                                                                                                                                       YO
                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                                                                                                EW                                                                                                           New
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Croton                                                                                                             Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                                                                                                    JE     RK                                                                                             Reservoir                                                                                                            Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                             RS
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                    New York City's                                                                                                                       EY                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   • 70% of the non-point P load attributed to agriculture
                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Titicus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Reservoir                                    Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                  Water Supply System
                                         X
                                         Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               R O C K LA N D                                                                                                                                  Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Cross River
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 CO U N TY                                                                         Reservoir                                                   Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         Y
                                         X
                                                 Legend:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Kensico
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      F A I R F I E LD
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       CO U N TY                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         Y
                                         X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      N                                                                                                                Reservoir




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Phosphorus (TDP) loads from all sources • 29% reduction in
                                         Y
                                         X                 New York City Watershed Boundaries                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        White                                                                                  X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y




                                                                                                                                                                                                                      !
                                         X
                                         Y                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ! Plains
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                         X
                                         Y                 Reservoir Drainage Basin Boundaries                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            nd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      So u
                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          W E ST C H EST ER
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CO U N TY                      nd                                                          X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                         Y
                                         X                 Reservoirs, Rivers, and Water Bodies                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               la
                                         Y
                                         X                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Is                                                                    X
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Y
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hillview             g                                                                           Y

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  • 1. SUPPORTING NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR SMALL FARMS IN THE NEW YORK CITY WATERSHED Dewing*, D.R., Thurgood, J.M. Cornell University Cooperative Extension of Delaware County Y X Y X Y X Y X X Y Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X X Y Y X X Y Y X Y X X Y X Y Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X X Y Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X X Y Y X X Y Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X Y X X Y Y X Y X Y X Y X X Y X Y Y X Y X Y X X Y Y X Y X Y X R EN S SEL A ER C O U N T Y Y X Y X SC H O H A R I E C O U N T Y ALBAN Y C O U N T Y O T SE G O C O U N T Y X Y Y X Catskill/ Delaware Impact: Y X CO UNTY Y X Oneonta Y X Watersheds Situation: X Y Schoharie X Y Reservoir Y X X Y X Y X Y C H EN A N G O Y X Y X X Y X Y Windham G R EE N E C O U N T Y Y X ! Y X Y X Delhi r X Y ! Riv . Y X e e Li t t le D el a w ar S ! Y X K i v ET T Y X Hudson YO R X Y . S chohari Ri v Y X e Hunter R Cr. ! X Y HUS e X Y ar Walton w C O LU M BI A C O U N T Y X Y Y X ela iv. ! W . Br. D X Y CO U N TY R N EW Margaretville BRO O M E SA C X Y e ! Y X ar Intensive monitoring has shown significant P reductions when Nutrient law X Y De X Y M AS Br. E. • The 9 million water users in New York City consume 1.3 billion gallons X Y Phoenicia Y X d so n X Y ! Y X X Y ! Pepacton s Woodstock E Reservoir X Y op Y X Deposit Cannonsville ! us C X Y Reservoir X Y v. Ri Y X k r. sin Y X er H u ev iv. Y X D D E LA W A R E C O U N T Y .N k R X Y B sin X Y r r W. e ve X Y Br . Ne Ashokan l a E Reservoir X Y ! . Y X Management Plans are implemented within a suite of BMPs X Y w a X Y Kingston Y X X Y C O N N EC T I C U T X Y N EW YO RK Y X of drinking water per day from Catskill Region Reservoirs r e X Y X Y Ri v Y X X Y Liberty Rondout Neversink e ! Reservoir X Y N TY U L ST ER CO U N T Y X Y Reservoir D U T C H ESS C O U N T Y r X Y X Y X Y L I T C H F I ELD C O U Y X ! New X Y Y X Paltz Poughkeepsie ! X Y X Y SU L L I V A N CO U N T Y Y X X Y X Y X Y X Y East of Hudson X Y Watersheds Y X N E Y X Middle Branch West Branch Reservoir Y X Farm Level: X Y Reservoir PE Y X W X Y Boyds Corner Reservoir Watershed Level: Y X • The Cannonsville reservoir is eutrophic due to phosphorus (P) loading N X Y X Y Y Newburgh N Y X O R ! Y X Bog S K X Y Croton Falls Brook X Y Y Y X L Reservoir Reservoir V X Y X Y A X Y X Y N I Muscoot Reservoir East A Branch X Y X Y Port Amawalk Reservoir Jervis O R AN G E C O U N T Y Reservoir X Y X Y ! Diverting P U T N A M Reservoir X Y X Y C O U N T Y X Y • 43% reduction in TDP Y X N X Y X Y EW N X Y •60% decrease in Total Dissolved YO Y X EW New Croton Y X Y X JE RK Reservoir Y X Y X RS X Y New York City's EY Y X • 70% of the non-point P load attributed to agriculture Y X Y X Titicus Reservoir Y X Water Supply System X Y R O C K LA N D Y X X Y Cross River CO U N TY Reservoir Y X Y X Y X Y X Legend: Kensico F A I R F I E LD CO U N TY Y X Y X N Reservoir Phosphorus (TDP) loads from all sources • 29% reduction in Y X New York City Watershed Boundaries Y X White X Y ! X Y ! Plains Y X X Y Reservoir Drainage Basin Boundaries nd So u Y X W E ST C H EST ER Y X CO U N TY nd X Y Y X Reservoirs, Rivers, and Water Bodies la Y X Is X Y Hillview g Y