The bearing nodes of a lattice structure are the nodes of the space lattice structure associated with the supporting structure. The loads borne by the structure will eventually be transferred to the support, and then transferred to the substructure through the support, so the support plays an extraordinary role in the structure, and it is very important to ensure that the support has sufficient strength. The constraints of the bearing itself should be in accordance with the calculation assumptions in the structural analysis, which is also the technical key in the design of coal storage structure.

1. Support nodes for large-span coal
storage structures, several commonly
used support forms
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2. 目录
01
Forms of suppor t for
firm bearing
02
Bidirectional suppor t
form
03 Pivot hinge suppor t
04 Double row of standoffs

3. Coal storage structure in the role of the main
load, bearing nodes are generally subject to
pressure, but when the span is ver y large,
some bearings may also have to withstand
tension (such as double rows of support
column surface mesh shell of the inner
bearing). Grid structure commonly used
vertical bearing bearing form of flat plate
bearing, plate rubber bearing, arc bearing and
other forms.
1, Flat Bearing
This type of bearing node through the cross
node plate and base plate will support the
reaction force to the substructure.
This node structure is simple and easy to
process, the amount of steel province.
01.Forms of support for firm bearing

4. When the bearing is under pressure, the node of
the pre-embedded anchor bolt only plays a
positioning role, should be installed in place
after the bottom plate and the lower bearing
plate welded.
In the actual project in order to make the grid
frame assembly convenience, often do not set
up positioning paving bolts, but in the
support node of the bottom plate and buried
plate is added between a piece of the
transition plate with buried bolts, installation
and positioning of the transition plate and
buried plate welded to the perimeter of the
plate (Figure-1).
When the space frame structure span is not big,
bearing tension is not big, can also be used
flat plate bearing, this time by the anchor
bolt to bear the tension.
01.Forms of support for firm bearing

5. 2 .Plate Rubber Bearing Node
late rubber bearing node is the bearing
base plate and pre-panel set up a multi-
layer rubber sheet and thin steel plate
bonding, pressed into a rectangular
rubber gasket, and anchor bolts
connected into one (Figure - 2).
This bearing node can not only make the
structural support without excessive firm
compression deformation to obtain
sufficient bearing capacity, and the good
elasticity of the rubber gasket plate can
also produce a large shear deformation,
01.Forms of support for firm bearing

6. so it can adapt to both the rotational
requirements of the apce frame
structural bearing node, but also to
adapt to the bearing node due to
changes in temperature and the
horizontal displacement generated by
the action of the ground.
For the support reaction force is relatively
large coal storage structure, it is
generally recommended to use rubber
bearing to release the larger reaction
force.
01.Forms of support for firm bearing

7. Rubber bearing shear deformation, under pressure will form a side of the
compression height difference, is forced to form the corner, this corner is
relatively small, the general pressure is larger (≥150t), it is not
recommended to use rubber bearing, instead of ball -hinged bearing.

8. 3 .Arc Bearing
Arc bearing can be divided into single-
sided arc bearing and double-sided arc
bearing.
Single-sided arc bearing is in the flat
bearing nodes on the basis of the base
plate in the bearing under an arc-shaped
pad and become, so that along the arc
direction can be rotated. Arc-shaped pad
is generally made of cast steel, can also
be used by the steel plate processing
and become.
01.Forms of support for firm bearing

9. Base plate reaction force is relatively
uniform, generally set up two anchor
bolts [Figure-3 (a)], and installed in the
center line of the arc-shaped pad. When
the support reaction force is relatively
large, the support volume is large, need
to set up four anchor bolts [Figure-3 (b)],
they are placed in the corners of the
support base plate, and in the upper part
of the anchor bolt spring.
01.Forms of support for firm bearing

10. This node is more in line with the
constraints of immobile cylindrical more
support. For small span coal storage
structure can be used single-sided arc
more bearing.
Double-sided arc support, also known as
swing support node, it is in the support
base plate and support surface between
the top plate of a piece of cast steel up
and down are arc-shaped block, on both
sides of the cast steel block were welded
in the support base plate and support
surface of the top plate of the two pieces
of trapezoidal steel with elliptical holes,
and then bolts will be connected to the
whole of them (Figure - 4).
01.Forms of support for firm bearing

11. This node can not only rotate along the arc,
but also can produce horizontal
movement, but the structure is complex,
processing trouble, high cost, seismic
resistance of the substructure is not
favorable, so it is suitable for the
substructure rigidity or temperature
changes, the requirements of the support
node can rotate and a certain amount of
lateral movement of the structure.
01.Forms of support for firm bearing

12. 4、Ball hinge bearing
It is placed on the bearing surface by a
semicircular ball and a concave
hemisphere connected to the node plate
embedded in each other, with four bolts
connected to become, and in the nut
under the spring (Figure-5). This node
can be rotated in both directions, does
not produce line displacement, more in
line with the constraints of the ball
bearing, seismic favorable, but the node
is complex, suitable for large spans or
point bearing coal storage structure.
01.Forms of support for firm bearing

13. 0.2 Bidirectional support form
The lateral thrust of the large-span column surface mesh shell is relatively large, and
the two-way bearing can be used in the actual project to transfer the horizontal
thrust to the bearing bearing platform, as shown in Figure-6.

14. 0.2 Bidirectional support form
Bidirectional bearing construction method is many, many coal storage structure design often
choose as shown in Figure -7 bidirectional bearing to resist the face of the net shell from the
larger thrust, achieved good results.
These two-way bearing forms use spanwise and vertical restraints, with the ribs integrated [Fig.
7 (a)] or separated [Fig. 7(b)], or a circular tube can be used in place of the lateral ribs [Fig. 7
(c)]. Horizontal thrust is directly transmitted to the foundation bearing platform through the rib
plate or round tube spanning the top column, which effectively ensures the horizontal thrust
resistance and structural strength of the bearing.
In addition, the bidirectional bearing can ensure the articulated calculation model of the
bearing to a certain extent, and reduce the additional internal forces that are unfavorable to
the structure itself due to the unreasonable constraints of the common bearing form.

15. 0.2 Bidirectional support form

16. 0.3 Pivot hinge support
The rotating hinge bearing (Figure-8) is a node form with a rotating axis, which is more
in line with the joint calculation model and is a more suitable bearing node for column
mesh shell coal shed structure.
It is shown that for large-span floor-to-ceiling column-face mesh shells, it is difficult to
make a real more joint with ordinary screw-ball nodes or welded ball nodes, and the
rods at the supports will produce large additional moments. Particularly, the large area
of coal pile and large horizontal force will easily cause the support to shift sideways
(Figure-9), due to the general screw ball nodes or welded ball nodes have a certain
degree of stiffness, which will lead to the additional internal force of the rod. The
advantage of rotating more nodes is that they can reduce the additional bending
moment at the support and are well adapted to the possible lateral movement of the
support.

17. 0.3 Pivot hinge support

18. 0.4 Double row of standoffs
When the structure is supported by the upper or lower chord, the form of bearing is single-row bearing,
and the several forms of bearing introduced earlier are all single-row bearing. Mesh shell structure using
the upper and lower chords at the same time supporting the form of support for the double row of
bearings.
Double-row bearing (Figure-10) in general the inner bearing is subjected to tension, the outer bearing is
subjected to pressure, the outer bearing should also consider the lateral thrust resistance of the structure,
the structure is the same as the single-row bearing. Figure -11 for Beijing Huaneng power plant dry coal
shed using double row bearing project photos.

19. 0.4 Double row of standoffs