This document presents a final year project on an automatic sun tracking solar panel system. It discusses how solar tracking can maximize the absorption of solar energy by continuously adjusting the panel to face the sun throughout the day. It describes the proposed system, which uses a solar panel, DC servo motor, controller, and sensors to calculate the sun's position and orient the panel accordingly. Simulation results show the panel adjusting its position based on the sun's movement. The system aims to increase solar panel output and efficiency by ensuring the maximum intensity of light is captured at all times. It highlights applications in large solar projects in India and discusses future scopes around improving tracking capabilities and cost-effectiveness.

1. SUN TRACKING SOLAR PANELS
Final Year Project Presentation on
Under the supervision of
Dr. D.P.Rathod
(V.J.T.I. , MUMBAI)
Department Of Electrical Engineering

2. ABSTRACT
❖ Solar energy is the most abundant and renewable resource. comparatively
simple to convert to electricity. Solar panels are widely used to convert solar
energy into electrical energy, but due to the sun's movement from day to
night, The stationary solar panel may not be able to generate electricity from
east to west.
❖ Solar Tracking System is a power generating method from sunlight. This
method of power generation is simple and is taken from natural
resources.This system is tracking for maximum intensity of light. When
there is a decrease in the intensity of light, this system automatically
changes its direction to get the maximum intensity of light.
❖ The goal of this project is to design an automatic tracking system, which
can locate the position of the sun. This project has the advantage of
providing access to a renewable, pollution-free energy source.

3. TimeLine Layout
TODAY
April-May
Feb-March
Dec-Jan
Oct-Nov
Aug-Sept
Searching for the
Topic
Literature Survey implement the
module
Worked on the
difficulties
final output WE ARE HERE
TO PRESENT
OUR FYP

4. TODAY’S AGENDA
Our 4 ‘W’
01 Why
02 Where
03 What
04 Working

5. Why
Renewable
Solar Power
Consumption in
India over a period
in Twh
25.87
39.27
50.13
2017-18
2019-20
2021-22

6. Necessity of Solar Tracker
1. 2.
3. 4.
Maximize Power
per Unit Area
Able to grab the
energy throughout
the day
Increase Solar
Panel Output
Maximum
efficiency of the
panel

7. Where
Research
Paper
1.
Already
implemented
projects
2.
3.
Literature Survey
● The tilt angle orientation of the PV
panel affected its output power
Mentor
Guidance
3. ● Which Controller we should use?
● Which Motor we should use?

8. Proposed Model

9. Sun Position
Data
Solar Panel
Position
DC Servo
Motor
Feedback
Controller Solar Panel
Power
Calculation
FLOW CHART
What

10. SERVO MOTOR STEPPER MOTOR
❖ Servo Motor provides precise control.
❖ Can work with bulk size load.
❖ AC/DC connection possible.
❖ Feedback loop control System
❖ Progressive loss of torque at High speed.
❖ Noise and vibrations.
❖ Resonance occurs if it is not properly
controlled
❖ Operate on open loop control system

11. SIMULATION
Working

12. MOTION OF PANEL

14. For Torque = 10
Angular Position
Angular Velocity
Motion

15. For Torque = -10
Angular Position
Angular Velocity
Motion

16. DC SERVO MOTOR

17. CHARACTERISTICS OF DC SERVO MOTOR

18. PANEL
N
W E
S
SUN
Error
|Error|
Time
Controller

19. WHY PI CONTROLLER?
A form of feedback control
Faster response time
Stops the system from
fluctuating
01
02
Enables to return the
system to its set point
03
04
Simple PowerPoint
Presentation

20. POWER CALCULATION
Tilt Angle:
where, Lat: Latitude

21. RESULT:

22. Comparison of Solar Energy

23. The solar energy
can be reused as
it is renewable
resource.
This also saves
money as there is
no need to pay for
energy used
(excluding the initial
setup cost)
Helps in
maximizing the
solar energy
absorption by
continuously
tracking the sun.
Due to unavailability of
Solar electricity at
night cloudy weather
conditions, a storage
or complimentary
power system is
required
Although solar
energy can be
saved to batteries,
they are heavy and
occupy more space
and required to
change time to
time.
Renewable
Resource
Unavailable
24х7
Maximizes
Absorption
Saves
Money
Space and
Maintenance

24. Area of Applications
Tata Power, Gujrat
The New York-headquartered solar racking solutions provider supplied
its single-axis Genius Tracker equipment to a 394 MW PV project set
up by Tata Power in Gujarat. This is the largest solar project utilizing
single-axis trackers in India.
01
02
03
04

25. Future
Scope
The tracking capability and lifetime
can be improved by using more
powerful motors
Tracking Capability
If you're a solar installer, you'll need
to analyze the essential aspects to
make the best option based on your
client's budgetary limits
Cost Effective
the future works will cover the
modeling of the external
disturbances, the sensitivity of the
model parameters to the output
responses, and the design of a smart
grid solar cells system to achieve a
higher efficiency.
High Sensitivity

26. References
[1] Oleksandr Veligorskyi, Roman Kosenko, and Serhii Stepenko. High-efficiency solar
tracker development and effectiveness estimation. In 2014 IEEE International Conference
on Intelligent Energy and Power Systems (IEPS), pages 153–158. IEEE, 2014.13
[2] Lata Tripathi, AK Mishra, Anil Kumar Dubey, CB Tripathi, and Prashant Baredar.
Renewable energy: An overview on its contribution in the current energy scenario of india.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 60:226–233, 2016
[3] CS Chin, A Babu, and W McBride. Design, modeling, and testing of a standalone
single-axis active solar tracker using matlab/simulink. Renewable Energy,
36(11):3075–3090, 2011.

27. [4] Sarkar Jawhar M Shareef. The impact of tilt angle on photovoltaic panel output.
ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 29(5):112–118, 2017
[5] MAA Mamun, MM Islam, M Hasanuzzaman, and Jeyraj Selvaraj. Effect of tilt
angle on the performance and electrical parameters of a pv module: Comparative
indoor and outdoor experimental investigation. Energy and Built Environment,
3(3):278–290, 2022
[6] https://www.sunearthtools.com/dp/tools/pos_sun.php

28. Shruti Wasnik Krutika Gite Rahil Lokhande Saurabh Madavi Nachiket
Sonkusare

29. Thank-You