This document discusses petroleum engineering as a career. It covers the following key points:
- Petroleum engineering involves the production of hydrocarbons like oil and gas. It covers activities from exploration and production to refining.
- The field requires knowledge of disciplines like geology, geophysics, drilling, reservoir simulation, and economics. Engineers also need skills in using computer systems and automation.
- Duties of petroleum engineers include locating drill sites, setting up extraction machinery, and overseeing safe and efficient extraction and processing of petroleum products.
Laporan 1 Sistem dan Signal (DFT Ms. Excel)Bayu Nurcahyo
Menganalisis gelombang suara manusia dengan merekam suara bernada diatonis pada Software Spectraplus V5.0. lalu mencari persamaan gelombang dengan bantuan pengolahan data Ms. Excel
Laporan 1 Sistem dan Signal (DFT Ms. Excel)Bayu Nurcahyo
Menganalisis gelombang suara manusia dengan merekam suara bernada diatonis pada Software Spectraplus V5.0. lalu mencari persamaan gelombang dengan bantuan pengolahan data Ms. Excel
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Study on baltim field,b.sc graduation project 2015, by atam team
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. “What we like about petroleum engineering is that it doesn’t just cover math and science, but also
brings in politics and economics. We think it’s exciting you can cover so many interesting subjects
in one career.”
Petroleum engineering is a field of engineering con-
cerned with the activities related to the production of
hydrocarbons, which can be either crude oil or natural
gas. Exploration and Production are deemed to fall
within the upstream sector of the oil and gas industry.
Petroleum engineering requires a good knowledge of
many other related disciplines, such as geophysics,
geology, formation evaluation (well logging), drilling,
economics, reservoir simulation, reservoir
engineering, well engineering, artificial lift systems,
completions and oil and gas facilities engineering.
With advances in technology, petroleum engineers
also need to develop an understanding of how to use
advanced computer systems for simulation and anal-
ysis of reservoir behavior as well as automation or
drilling operations and oil field production activities. It
comes as no surprise that petroleum companies own
a large number of the super computers all across the
world.
Petroleum engineers carry out a myriad of tasks
including testing, designing and implementing
methods for the extraction of petroleum products
from the surface of the earth as well as the ocean
floor. To begin with, petroleum engineers need to
locate a suitable dig site. This is followed by the
setting up of the required machinery. Engineers must
overlook the extraction process which includes the
removal as well as processing of petroleum.
Petroleum engineers must have the expertise and
ability to work closely with geologists and other
professionals to extract and refine petroleum
products in a safe and efficient manner.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138. 125
Section III | Well logging
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
Some of modern logging tools
226. 209
Section VI | Production Engineering
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
5.1 Introduction
Gas reservoir deliverability is evaluated using well inflow performance
relationship (IPR). Gas well IPR determines gas production rate as a nonlinear function
of pressure drawdown (reservoir pressure minus bottom hole pressure). Gas well IPR
also depends on flow conditions, that is, transient, steady state, or pseudo steady state
flow, which are determined by reservoir boundary conditions. Both analytical methods
and empirical methods are discussed.
5.2 Constructing IPR
5.2.1 Analytical Methods
A general solution to pseudo steady state flow in a radial-flow gas reservoir is
expressed as (Economides 1994):
Where
q:- is the gas production rate in Mscf/d
k:- the effective permeability (md)
h :- pay zone thickness in (ft)
m(p) :- the real gas pseudo pressure in psi2/cp(pr)
m(pwf):- the real gas pseudo pressure in psi2/cp at(pwf)
T :- the reservoir temperature in R
re :- the radius of drainage area in ft
rw :- wellbore radius in ft
s :- is skin factor
D:- is the non-Darcy coefficient in d/Mscf.
227. 210
Section VI | Production Engineering
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
Where pb is the base pressure, µis the average gas viscosity, and z is the Average gas
compressibility factor. Can then be simplified using a pressure-squared approach such
as:
At pressures higher than 3,000 Pisa, highly compressed gases behave like liquids.
Where: Bg is the average formation volume factor of gas in rb/scf.
5.2.2 Empirical Methods
Empirical models are therefore more attractive and widely employed in field
applications. Two commonly used empirical models are the Forchheimer model and
backpressure model. They take the following forms, respectively:
228. 211
Section VI | Production Engineering
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
Where A, B, C, and n are empirical constants that can be determined based on test
points. The value of n is usually between 0.5 and 1. It is obvious that a multirate test is
required to estimate values of these constants. If two test points are (q1, pwf1) and (q2,
Pwf2)
The previous equation can be simplified using the pressure-squared approach as
follows:
229. 212
Section VI | Production Engineering
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
5.3 Constructing TPR
Constructing tubing performance relationship (TPR):
5.3.1 Single-Phase Gas Well
Tubing Performance Relationship is defined as a relation between tubing size, fluid
properties, fluid flow rate, wellhead pressure, and bottom hole pressure. With no shaft
work device installed along the tubing string, the first law of thermodynamics yields the
following mechanical balance equation:
5.3.2 The Average Temperature and Compressibility Factor Method
If single, average values of temperature and compressibility factor over the entire
tubing length can be assumed.
Take the following forms when U.S. Field units (qsc in MSc/d), are used (Katz et al.
1959):
230. 213
Section VI | Production Engineering
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
Guo (2001) used the following Nikuradse friction factor correlation for fully
turbulent flow in rough pipes:
5.3.3 The Cullender and Smith Method
Equation can be solved for bottomhole pressure using a fast numerical algorithm
originally developed by Cullender and Smith (Katz et al.1959). Equation can be
rearranged as:
231. 214
Section VI | Production Engineering
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
The followung expressions are obtained:
232. 215
Section VI | Production Engineering
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
Mist Flow in Gas Wells
In addition to gas, almost all gas wells produce a certain amount of liquids & solids
(water-gas condensate-sand-coal particles).These wells are called multiphase-gas wells.
It is warned that the four-phase flow model is valid only for gas wells producing
multiphase fluid with gas being the main component. To the governing equation and
applied the solution to aerated fluid hydraulics. The exact solution is summarized as
follows. According to Guo, Sun, and Ghalambor (2004) the following equation can be
used for calculating pressure P (in lb. /ft2) at depth L:
233. 216
Section VI | Production Engineering
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
5.1 FUTURE PRIDICTIONFOR Gas
WELL IPR
We use here the procedure of Fetkovich & Vogel Combination for predicting the
Future IPR.Eckmier noted that if we take the equations of Fetkovich for Static Pressure
at time 1 and divide by the inflow equation for Static Pressure at time 2 we arrive at an
equation for determining qmaxat time 2 – by assuming n = 3 – after which we can use
Vogel’s equation directly for preparation of the IPR Curve. The future IPR Curves can be
used to determine the best size for the tubing to be used with a certain well. This can be
achieved by constructing the VLP Curves over the Predicted IPR Curves. The results are
shown on the next page.
234. 217
Section VI | Production Engineering
Study on Baltim East Field BS.C Graduation Project 15
Calculation of the Current IPR for BE-1
From given data of c & n and by using previous equations, we can
obtain the this table for IPR
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
initial IPR@PR=5425 psia
initial IPR@PR=5425 psia
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
pr qmax
5200 24771.649
q
(MMscf/day)
pwf (psia)
0 5200
38.83389554 5000
62.93368207 4800
82.9563568 4600
100.4639207 4400
116.1284954 4200
130.321165 4000
143.2754592 3800
155.1508758 3600
166.0626269 3400
176.0973753 3200
185.3223174 3000
193.7907792 2800
201.5458447 2600
208.6228059 2400
215.0508734 2200
220.8544033 2000
226.053797 1800
230.6661737 1600
234.7058793 1400
238.1848768 1200
241.1130466 1000
243.4984178 800
245.3473462 600
246.6646479 400
247.4536972 200
247.7164929 0