Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, encompassing genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity, critical for sustaining human life and ecological health. It offers essential ecosystem services, contributes to resilience against disasters, and provides numerous biological resources. The document emphasizes the importance of preserving biodiversity amidst threats like deforestation, highlighting its role in agriculture, medicine, and social benefits.

1. B I O D I V E R S I T Y
“We protect ecosystem biodiversity as a
source of sustainable development”

2. I N T R O D U C T I O N
• The term Biodiversity was first coined by Walter G. Rosen
in 1986.
• The Biosphere comprises of a complex collections of
innumerable organisms, known as the Biodiversity, which
constitute the vital life support for survival of human race.
• Biological diversity, abbreviated as Biodiversity
represent the sum total of various life forms such as
unicellular fungi, protozoa, bacteria or multi cellular
organism such as plants, fishes, and mammals at various
biological levels including gens, habitats, and
ecosystem.
• Biodiversity, also called biological diversity, the variety
of LIFE found in a place on EARTH or, often, the total
variety of life on Earth.

3. What Is Biodiversity?
• The variety of life on Earth, its biological
diversity is commonly referred to as
biodiversity.
• The number of species of plants, animals,
and microorganisms, the enormous
diversity of genes in these species, the
different ecosystems on the planet, such
as deserts, rainforests and coral reefs are
all part of a biologically diverse Earth.

4. Why is Biodiversity Important?
• Biodiversity boosts ecosystem productivity where
each species, no matter how small, all have
an important role to play.
• For example,
• A larger number of plant species means a greater
variety of crops.
• Greater species diversity ensures natural
sustainability for all life forms
• Healthy ecosystems can better withstand and
recover from a variety of disasters.
• And so, while we dominate this planet, we still need
to preserve the diversity in wildlife.

5. A healthy biodiversity offers many natural
services
• Ecosystem services, such as
a) Protection of water resources
b) Soils formation and protection
c) Nutrient storage and recycling
d) Pollution breakdown and absorption
e) Contribution to climate stability
f) Maintenance of ecosystems
g) Recovery from unpredictable events

6. Ecosystems such as
the Amazon
rainforest are rich in
diversity.
Deforestation
threatens many
species such as the
giant leaf frog, shown
here.

7. • Biological resources, such as
a)Food
b)Medicinal resources and pharmaceutical drugs
c)Wood products
d)Ornamental plants
e)Breeding stocks, population reservoirs
f)Future resources
g)Diversity in genes, species and ecosystems

8. • Social benefits, such as
a) Research, education and
monitoring
b) Recreation and tourism
c) Cultural values

9. Concept of Biodiversity & its Types
• Biodiversity is the variety of life on earth.
• For any kind of animal or plant – each
individual is not exactly the same as any
other; nor are species or ecosystems.
• Biodiversity is generally described at Three
levels : Genetic Diversity, Species Diversity
and Ecosystem Diversity.

10. Biodiversity Pyramid

11. G e n e t i c D i v e r s i t y
• Genetic diversity refers to the diversity
(or genetic variability) within species.
• Each individual species possesses genes which are
the source of its own unique features: In human
beings, for example, the huge variety of people's
faces reflects each person's genetic individuality.
The term genetic diversity also covers distinct
populations of a single species, such as the
thousands of breeds of different dogs or the
numerous variety of roses.

12. • Genetic diversity is important because it helps maintain
the health of a population, by including alleles that may
be valuable in resisting diseases, pests and other
stresses. Maintaining diversity gives the population a
buffer against change, providing the flexibility to adapt.
If the environment changes, a population that has a
higher variability of alleles will be better able to evolve
to adapt to the new environment. In extreme situations
(e.g. drought, disease epidemics) diversity could even
mean the survival of the population.

13. Genetic Diversity
SHELLS
BIRD
DOGS
DOUBLE
HELIX

14. S p e c i e s D i v e r s i t y
• Species diversity is a measurement of
biological diversity to be found in a
specific ecological community. It
represents the species richness or
number of species found in an ecological
community, the abundance (or number
of individuals per species), and the
distribution or evenness of species.

15. Species Diversity

16. E c o s y s t e m D i v e r s i t y
• Ecosystem diversity deals with the variations in
ecosystems within a geographical location and its
overall impact on human existence and the
environment.
• Ecological diversity is a type of biodiversity. It is the
variation in the ecosystems found in a region or the
variation in ecosystems over the whole planet.
• Biodiversity is important because it clears out our
water, changes out climate, and provides us with
food.
• Ecological diversity includes the variation in both
terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

17. • Ecological diversity can also take into account the
variation in the complexity of a biological
community, including the number of different
niches, the number of trophic levels and other
ecological processes. An example of ecological
diversity on a global scale would be the variation in
ecosystems, such as deserts, forests, grasslands,
wetlands and oceans.
• Ecological diversity is the largest scale of
biodiversity, and within each ecosystem, there is a
great deal of both species and genetic diversity.

18. Ecosystem Biodiversity

19. Conclusion
• Biodiversity is a concept that has no general
definition. Usually it is used in a context that
stresses the need for attention on our living
environment and sustainable use of natural
resources.
• Biodiversity can be divided in different types such
as habitat, species, and genetic diversity.
• The integrated approach use in a coastal zone
management is an adequate method in dealing
with the matter of Biodiversity.