This document contains 50 multiple choice questions related to strabismus (squint) for an exam. The questions cover topics like Hering's law of equal innervation, the horopter and Panum's fusional area, suppression in squinting eyes, causes of amblyopia, tests used to evaluate fusion, stereopsis, and retinal correspondence, characteristics of different extraocular muscle palsies and syndromes, treatments for strabismus including occlusion and surgery, and complications of strabismus surgery.

1. Dr. Prabhakar Sastry,
M.D. (Ophthal), AIIMS.
Professor, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam

2. STRABISMUS - MCQs

3. 1) According to Hering's law
A. In conjugate eye movements simultaneous and equal
innervation flow to antagonist muscles
B. In conjugate eye movements simultaneous and equal
innervation flow to yoke muscles
C. Unequal innervations to antagonist muscles
D. Different innervations to yoke muscles

4. 2) Horopter meaning
A. Imaginary surface in space, all points of which
stimulate corresponding retinal elements which are
projected to the same position in space
B. ……………... different positions in space
C. Stimulates non corresponding retinal elements
D. All of the above

5. 3) Panum's fusional area of
A. Area of single binocular vision in a zone surrounding
points on the horopter line on which objects are seen
as single
B. ……… seen as double
C. ……… seen as triple
D. None of the above

6. 4) Suppression is an adoptation in squinting child /
patient which is produced subconsciously by an active
neglect
A. Of the vision in squinting eye
B. … In fixating eye
C. … Both eyes
D. None of the above

7. 5) Amblyopia can be produced by
A. Strabismus
B. Congenital cataract
C. High refractive errors
D. All of the above

8. 6. Crowding phenomenon in amblyopic eye
indicates better visual acuity when
A. A Single letter is projected
B. One line is projected
C. One Para projected
D. Letter appears crowded

9. 7. Neutral density filter test an amblyopic
eye indicates ….
A. Same vision with filters & without filters
B. … Low vision with filters
C. … Good vision with filters
D. None of the above

10. 8. Anomalous retinal correspondence indicates
A. One eye foveal, squinting eye no foveal vision
B. Both squinting & non squinting eye with foveal
vision in both eyes
C. Both eyes (Squinting) / Non squinting) with
nonfoveal vision
D. Non of the above

11. 9. Hirschberg test is related to
A. Image reflex on anterior surface of cornea which
indicates approx amount of deviation in degrees
B. Image reflex on posterior surface of cornea
C. ….. Anterior surface of lens
D. ….. Posterior surface of lens

12. 10. Angle Kappa is
A. Angle between visual axis and anatomical axis
B. Angle between visual axis and optical axis
C. Angle between anatomical and optical axis
D. Non of the above

13. 11. Amount of esophoria for distance is more
than near fixation in
A. Convergence excess
B. Divergence weak
C. Divergence excess
D. Basic type

14. 12. Physiologic diplopia is manifest in case of
object situated
A. On horopter
B. Within panum's space
C. Outside panum's space
D. All of this

15. 13. Example of monocular clues except
A. Looming
B. Disparate retinal image
C. Motion parallax
D. Aerial prospective

16. 14. Exophoria can be corrected by
A. Base in prism
B. Base out prism
C. Oblique prism
D. Vertical prism

17. 15. Occlusion is a treatment for
A. Toxoplasmosis
B. Exophoria
C. Amblyopia
D. Refractive error

18. 16. TNO random test is a test for
A. Fusion
B. Convergence
C. Stereopsis
D. Contrast sensitivity

19. 17. Horizontal disparity of retinal
images _________________

20. 18. Oculomotor clues for depth is
________________________

21. 19. _________________ binocular
grades has motor components.

22. 20. Test for accommodation are _______

23. 21. Pseudoesotropia is due to
A. Wide flat nasal bridge
B. Close set eyes
C. Broad epicanthal folds
D. All the above

24. 22. In Krimsky test Prism bar is placed before
A. Deviated eye
B. Fixing eye
C. A & B
D. Non of the above

25. 23. Bagolini striated glasses are used for
A. Evaluating anomalous retinal correspondence
B. Normal Retinal correspondence
C. A & B
D. None of the above

26. 24. Worth four dot test is used for
A. Is to evaluate diplopia
B. To evaluate ARC
C. To evaluate sensory anomalies
D. All the above

27. 25. For Dissociation of the eyes, following
can be used except
A. Red, Green glasses
B. Mirror between two eyes
C. Amblyoscope
D. Power Glasses

28. 26. Penalisation is used for except
A. Accommodative esotropia
B. Divergent squint
C. To blur the vision in sound eye
D. Pseudomyopia

29. 27. All are true about Duane's retraction
syndrome except
A. Type I Limitation of Abduction
B. Type II Limitation of Adduction
C. Type III Limitation of Adduction & abduction
D. All are true

30. 28. Brown's superior oblique tendon sheath
syndrome is characterized by
A. Limitation of depression of eye
B. Limitation of adduction
C. Limitation of abduction
D. Limitations of elevation of the eye in adduction, but
near normal in abduction

31. 29. Titmus fly test is used for
A. Fusion
B. SMP
C. Stereopsis
D. All the above

32. 30. Quantitative analysis of stereopsis can be
done with
A. Titmus test
B. TNO test
C. Bagolini striated glasses
D. All the above

33. 31. The longest extra ocular muscle with
tendon is
A. LR
B. MR
C. SO
D. IO

34. 32. According to Sherrington law, reciprocal
innervation goes to …..
A. Agonist and antagonist muscles
B. Synergistic muscles
C. Both the above eye
D. Non of the above

35. 33. All of the following extra ocular muscles are
supplied by lower division of III cranial nerves except
A. Medial Rectus
B. Superior Rectus
C. Inferior Rectus
D. Inferior oblique muscle

36. 34. Visual acuity comes to 6/6 by the age of
A. 3 ½ years
B. 2 ½ years
C. 3 years
D. None of the above

37. 35. Pleoptic therapy is used for treatment of
A. Suppression
B. Amblyopia
C. Both the above
D. None of the above

38. 36. Heavy eye syndrome
A. One eye very large
B. One eye very small / other eye normal
C. Myopic Anisometropia with hypertropia of low
power eye
D. Myopia Anisometropia with hypertropia of high
power eye

39. 37. All are synonymous for mono fixation
syndrome except
A. Microtropia
B. Macrotropia
C. Small angle strabismus
D. Esotropic flick strabismus

40. 38. In squint surgery, slipped muscles usually
occurs with
A. Lateral rectus
B. Medial rectus
C. Superior rectus
D. Inferior rectus

41. 39. Secondary angle of deviation will be
more in
A. Paralytic squint
B. Non paralytic squint
C. Both
D. None of the above

42. 40. Best treatment for amblyopia
A. Cam stimulator
B. Pleoptic therapy
C. Occlusion treatment
D. Penalisation

43. 41. 10 deviation is equal to how many
prism diapt
A. 3 D
B. 2 D
C. 2.5 D
D. 3.5 D

44. 42. Adjustable suture done in squint
surgery is for ….
A. Adjusting the amount of squint during surgery
B. Adjusting the residual squint 1 or 2 days
postoperatively
C. Both of the above
D. None of the above

45. 43. For normal (adult) individuals, the fusional
convergence can be maintained up to
A. 10 D
B. 15 D
C. 25 D
D. 30 D

46. 44. Normal Fusional capcity for
vertical squint is
A. 4 D
B. 6 D
C. 8 D
D. 10 D

47. 45. Surgical intervention of paralytic squint
should ideally be done after
A. 3 months of onset
B. 4 months of onset
C. 5 months of onset
D. 6 months of onset

48. 46. In IV N palsy, eye will be
A. Hypertrophic, intorted and esotropic
B. Hypertrophic, extorted and adducted
C. Hypertrophic, extorted and abducted
D. Hypertrophic, intorted and abducted

49. 47. All of the following are complication of
squint surgery except
A. Anterior segment ischemia
B. Endophthalmitis
C. Oculocardiac reflex
D. Scleral perforation

50. 48. All the following are restrictive
myopathies except
A. Brown syndrome
B. Duane's syndrome
C. Congenital fibrosis muscle
D. Long standing concomitant squint

51. 49. All are strengthening procedures in
squint surgery except
A. Resection
B. Harada ITO procedure
C. Fadenzation
D. Tucking of muscle tendon

52. 50. All are side effects atropine except
A. Risk of Angle closure glaucoma
B. Flushing of skin & Fever
C. Ataxia
D. Raised IOP